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The Professor In Government . .
VOL. XLVI No. 17 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 18, 1935
PRICE FIVE CENTS
Europeant
Pact Hangs
.in Balance
Reported Fight Between
Italian And Native British
Troops Denied
League Committee
Plans 'New Deal'
Selassie Will Not Discuss
Peace Until Mussolini
Leaves Africa
LONDON-- The long Anglo-
French European alliance hangs
in balance as London awaits
France's reply.
ZEILA, British Somaliland -
Unconfirmed reports say British
native soldiers suffeired casualties
in fighting with Italian troops;
Rome denies report, and London
and Addis Ababa are skeptical.
ADDIS ABABA-Haile Selas-
sie says he'll never discuss peace
while Fascist troops remain in
Ethiopia; thousands of fierce
warriors pledge loyalty before de-
parting for the front.
ROME - Haile Selassie Gugsa,
who deserted to Italy, is made
chidf of Tigre province by Itali-
ans; major battle near Makale
expected soon.
GENEVA - A League commit-
tee plans a "new deal" program
to meet the situation created
through application of sanctions
against Italy.
PARIS, Oct. 17. - W) -Premier
Pierre Laval, informed sources said
tonight, has told the British ambas-
sador that France would be "more
willing" to give assurance of aid in
case of an Italian attack if Great
Britain took her home fleet out of
the Mediterranean.
While French officials confirmed
the likelihood of a favorable reply
with reservations to Great Britain
on Monday, after that nation's warn-
ing that France must choose "be-
tween Italy and the League," France
also sought a statement from Great
Britain as to what she intends to do
with her fleet.
Laval, it was reported, expressed
to Sir George Russell Clerk the hope
that Great Britain would move to
calm "the uneasiness" caused in
France by the possibility of what
might arise from "brutal coercive
measures" against Italy.
The British cabinet already has
refused to remove the warships from
the Mediterranean, but the French
believed it would be willing to with-
draw some of them if it received the
requested iron-clad guarantee of
-French navy support for the remain-
ing ships of the regular Mediterran-
ean fleet in the case of an Italian at-
tack.
France, it was indicated, has made
it plain she has relinquished any idea
of military sanctions, a blockade of
Italy, exercise of the right of search
of the high seas, closing of the Suez
canal or rupture of diplomatic rela-
tions with Italy.
M. Laval, informed observers be-
lieve, would call his cabinet into ses-
sion Monday to deal with the British
demand for a showdown on the Med-
iterranean aid question.
GENOA, Oct. 17. - () -- Gugliemo
Marconi, distinguished Italian inven-
tor, and his micro-wave, which he be-
lieves will be a new and extremely use-
ful weapon of war, will soon be on
the African front.
The inventor of the wireless ar-
rived today from Brazil and an-
nounced he would confer with Premier
Mussolini immediately about a mil-
itary assignment in Eritrea.
He is reported to have carried on
experiments with the short wave radio
beams designed to stop the engines
of enemy airplanes in flight.
Marconi last year, demonstrating
before a group of naval officers, used
micro-wave beams and two so-called 1
"floating radio light houses" anchored
in the bay to bring a ship safely into
harbor near Genoa.
Since these acknowledged successes
with the cherished "tiny waves" Mar-
coni is reported to have made forward
strides in their development.
Before sailing for Brazil it was be-
lieved he was experimenting with the
use of the wave to stall the ignition
Nocturnal Visitor
Drives Fraternity
To Cons ternation
Have you a skunk in yourbase-
ment? Well, Phi Rho Sigma frater-
nity had!
The creature was first discovered
Tuesday night by the cook, who was
awakened during the night by a
scratching at one of the basement
windows. She investigated but, after
discovering the cause of the disturb-
ance, decided to leave well enough
alone.
Theli following day, not desiring a
disturbing element in thir midst be-
cause of the complications skunks are
capable of affording, the members of
Phi Rho Sigma called for help from
the police department, the humane
society, and several other organiza-
tions.
The zoology department finally
came to the rescue and the fraternity
was rid of the menace yesterday, be-
fore any drastic measures had been
taken by its guest.
Government Of
Austria Comes
To Sudden End
Schuschnigg To Remain In
Chancellor's Post As
Cabinet Resigns
VIENNA, Oct. 17.-(/P)-Austria
suddenly revamped its Government
in an atmosphere of bristling bay-
onets tonight, putting to an end its
system of competing private armies.
As heavily-armed police guarded
public buildings, Chancellor Kurt
Schuschnigg and his cabinet re-
signed; President Miklas ordered
Schuschnigg to form a new Govern-
ment and, within a few minutes,
changes of far-reaching character
were effected.
Schuschnigg Still Chancellor
Schuschnigg remains as chancel-
lor, and the militant Prince Ernest
von Starhemberg, leader of the Heim-
wehr and fatherland front, retains
the post of vice chancellor.
But Major Emil Fey, staunch aide
of the slain Chancellor Engelbert
Dollfuss, was ushered out of the cab-
inet with the minister of agriculture,
Josef Reither, a Catholic monarchist
leader, revered by thousands of peas-
ants.
The powerful Starhemberg was
given vastly increased authority. He
was made head of a new Austrian
militia, to be formed of the private
armies which heretofore have been
a powerful factor in Austrian military
organization.
This militia will include Starhem-
berg's old heimwehr of nearly 100,000
men, approximately 6,000 Catholic
storm troops and 15,000 men of the
freiheitsbund.
New Mi'nisters Named
The new cabinet members are, in
addition to Schuschnigg and Star-
hemberg, Egon Berger-Waldenegg,
retained as minister of foreign af-
fairs; Eduard Saar-Barensel, inter-
nal affairs and secruity; Prof. Dob-
retsberger, official administration;
Ludwig Draxler, finance; Fritz Stock-
inger, commerce; Robert Winterstein,
justice; Ludwig Strobl, agriculture;
and Karl Buresth, minister Without
portfolio.
Fey's successor, Baar-Barensels,
was provincial governor and Heim-
wehr leader in Lower Austria. The
Heimwehr also captured the import-
ant finance ministry and eliminated
from the cabinet its chief foe in the
removal of Reither.
Fraternities
Show Deficit
For 1934-35
Composite Loss Of More
Than $19,000 Revealed
By Committee Report
39 Enjoyed Profits
During Last Year
Twenty-Nine Suffer Loss
Of $21,127.52, Reports
Finance Committee
By JOSEPH S. MATTES
Michigan's 68 fraternities showed a
composite loss of $19,878.84 for the
school year 1934-35, according to the
report of the Committee on Frater-
nity Financial Standard Exceptions
receivedby 'dean Joseph A. Bursley
yesterday.
The total income of fraternities,
the report reads, was $573,032.74
while the total expenses were $592,-
911.58.
The composite loss of $19,878.84,
the committee explained, ignores in-
itiation fees which totalled $23,-
058.95. From this sum, $8,983.08 was
paid to national organizations, the
remainder being appropriated to the
fraternities. In consideration of'
these fees, the composite loss was de-
creased to $5,802.97.
39 Fraternities Gain
Although fraternities as a group
were financially deficient, 39 frater-
nities enjoyed a composite gain of
$15,324.55 as compared to 29 suffer-
ing a composite loss of $21,127.52.
Four fraternities which operated
during the 1934-35 school year did
not receive permission to operate dur-
ing this school year, the committee
reported. Two of these, Phi Alpha1
Delta and Psi Omega, voluntarily
withdrew. Phi Kappa, the report re-
veals, made no reply to the conditions
submitted by the committee, and Tau
Delta Phi had its charter withdrawn.
The committee listed the most com-
mon causes of financial difficulty as
follows: Excessive interest-bearing
indebtedness on houses; large obli-1
gations incurred in previous years for
current operating expenses and not
paid when due; and poor financialt
management during 1934-35.1
It was not uncommon, the commit-7
tee reports, to find the interest-bear-
ing obligations calling for annual
payments from $2,000 to $3,000 or an
average of approximately $100 per
active member of the fraternity. The
total of unpaid old indebtedness often
was a mtter of several thousands of
dollars, the report says.
Interest Burden Heavy
Poor financial management was inj
many cases brought about by the ag-
gravation of a heavy interest burden,j
the committee indicated. .
Throughout the summer, the com-
mittee examined the filed reports of1
the fraternities and advised those
which were in sound fiancial condi-
tion of their exemption immediately.
Several houses which were in good
financial condition but which did not1
meet the financial standards, the re-
port reveals, were granted exemptions4
without formal hearing.
To the 12 houses which did not
meet the financial standards satis-
factorily the committee gave formal
hearings, urging the actives, the al-
umni and the national representa-
tives to be present at each hearing.
The usual procedure was to urge the
three interested parties to aid finan-
cially in placing the fraternity in a
sound condition, the report said.-
Fred Cain,Jr.,
On Probation
For 5 Years
Son Of Ypsilanti Assistant
Postmaster Is Sentenced
After 10 Months Delay
Killed Two Persons
In Auto Accident
Must Help Support Five
Children fie Orphaned
In Accident
Frederick Cain, Jr., 22 years old,
son of the assistant postmaster of
Ypsilanti, was placed on five years
probation yesterday in the circuit
court of Judge George W. Sample, 18
months after he killed Mr. and Mrs.
Carl Stockade in an automobile ac-
cident in downtown Ypsilanti and ten
months after he had pleaded guilty
to a charge of negligent homicide in
the same court.
Included in the probationary con-
tract were stipulations that the de-
fendant is not to drive a car or drink
intoxicants during the period of his
probation, that he shall pay $10 week-
ly toward the support of the five chil-
dren he orphaned.
Tried In December
Cain was originally brought to trial
in the December term of Circuit Court
on the negligent homicide charge, and
after his attorney, John P. Kirk,
had waived hearing and entered a
plea of guilty on December 27, Judge
Sample remarked:
"I want a chance to study your1
case before I sentence you, and I am
going to continue the matter for a
time . . . you will be allowed at liberty
on your own recognizance until the
court calls you back for sentence.
That may be a short time and it might
be several weeks."
Then followed an interval of ten
months, during which the case was
apparently forgotten by both judge
and prosecutor, and when a Detroit
paper's reporter recently reminded
Judge Sample of the case, following
discovery of a bitter sentiment on
the matter in Ypsilanti, he was
threatened with contempt of court
proceedings.
Disclaim Responsibility
After both Sample and Prosecuting
Attorney Albert J. Rapp disclaimed
responsibility in the case, Rapp finally
agreed to move that the case be
placed on the docket, and yesterday
morning Cain at last appeared for
sentence.
Sample today cited a previous ad-
monition to the defendant that evi-
dence of abstinence from liquor and
help in the support of the children
might aid toward leniency in his case
and today the argument was advanced
that since the time of the accident he
had given them $97 and had rarely
broken his abstinence from intoxi-
cants.
In the sentence it was stipulated
that the sum fixed for the support
of the children may be raised, low-
ered, or cancelled at the discretion
of the court. #
Ask For Leniency
The prosecutor joined Cain's attor.
ney in a plea for leniency, saying "He
should not be placed among hardened
criminals in prison."
"If I sentence this young man to
prison, the chance of salvaging him
is gone, together with the chance of
getting help from him for the five
children," Judge Sample said in or-
dering the probation.
At"Cain's examination it was tes-
tified that he had been drinking be-
fore the accident, and he is known
to be especially short-sighted. Stan-
ley Durham of Ypsilanti lost the sight
of one eye in the same accident,.and
his wife was seriously injured at the
time.
In 1928 Cain was involved in an-
other fatal accident but was exon-
erated without criminal action being
taken. As Cain, then only 15 years
old, backed his car from a driveway,
seven-year-old Peter Steimle, son of
the registrar of Michigan State Nor-
mal College, ran in back of it and was
killed.
Sunday To Be Deadline
For Pledge Permission
All freshmen desiring special
permission to pledge a fraternity
must petition the executive com-
mittee of the Interfraternity
',,nnail in ritino n or hfnre
Two Students Suspended
For Violating University
Rule On Passing Leaflets
'1,
ates To Speak
At Conference
Of Social Work
J. C. Armstrong And Leon
Frost Will Preside At
Round Tables
By BERNARD E. WEISSMAN
A talk by Sanford Bates, director of
the Federal Bureau of Prisons, con-
tinuation of the round-table dis-
cussions begun yesterday, and the
annual business meeting will fea-
ture today's sessions of the Michigan
Conference of Social Work.
Mr. Bates will speak on "The Fed-
eral Government Combats Crime," at
2:30 p.m. in Room 316 of the Union.
Presiding at this meeting will be J.
C. Armstrong, Michigan Commission-
er of Pardons and Paroles.
Four of the round-tables will be
continuations of discussions begun
yesterday, and five will consider new
topics. All the round tables will be-
gin at 9 a.m. and will be held in vari-
ous rooms in the Union.
At 4:30 p.m. a meeting of "rank
and filers" of the social workers of
the State will be held in the Union
ballroom.
Frost To Preside
Cheney Jones, director of the Little
Wanderer Association of Boston, will
speak on "The Equipment of the So-
cial Worker" at 7:30 p.m., and Leon
Frost, of the Michigan Children's Aid
Society of Detroit, will preside.
County social work agents will hold
a meeting with their supervisors at
10:30 a.m. on the second floor ter-
race of the Union.:
Eight round-table discussions and
four individual speeches composed
the conference program yesterday.
Miss Lea Taylor, head resident of
the Chicago Commons and member
of President Roosevelt's Committee
on Economic Security, discussed "Im-
plications of Social Security Legis-
lation" at 7:30 p.m. in the Union.
Afler briefly outlining the pro-
visions of the new social security leg-
islation, Miss Taylor declared it con-
stituted one of the greatest steps for-
ward in the history of the nation, and
urged the delegates to exhort state
legislators to cooperation with the
program of the federal government.
Mrs. Francis Speaks
At the morning session of the con-
ference, Mrs. Blythe Francis, of the
Grand Rapids Family Service As-
sociation, and Francis McBroom, of
the Detroit Department of Public
Welfare, discussed the private and
public aspects of the subject, "Private
and Public Social Work-Allies or
Competitors."
Mrs. Francis, after enumerating
five periods of development in private
social work, declared that case work
has been found inadequate in solv-
ing the "tremendous economic forces
which are pressing upon us."
Eugene T. Lies of the National
Recreation Association, discussing
"Leisure in a Changed World" at the
noon luncheon meeting, asserted that
free time is more plentiful now than
(Continued on Page 4)
Suspended Student
Ascher Opler, '38, right, is shown
passing out handbills of the Na-
tional' Student League during the
registration period in September.
It was for such an action that Op-
ler and another student, Miss Edith
Folkoff, '38, were suspended from
the University yesterday.
Necessity For.
Education Of
Adults Cited
Ponitz Tells Convention
Federal Aid Is Needed
For Program
At the second morning session of
the Adult Education Institute Thurs-
day Mr. H. J. Ponitz, director of emer-
gency education in Michigan, stressed
'the necessity for adult education in
the face of conditions similar to "ma-
chine power replacing man power."
Mr. Ponitz's lecture dealt with adult
education in the Works Progress Ad-
ministration. He presented federal
reports showing that 13 per cent of
all people in Michigan were on the
relief roles, and over 200,000 people
between the ages of 18 and 25 were
derelicts "not participating in normal
functions.".
Mr. Ponitz stressed the necessity
of federal aid in this period of crisis.
He pointed to specific programs which
have already been authorized or have
chances for federal authorization in
the near future. The first program
cited was aid for children of relief
families to complete their high school
education.
Another program affecting many on
this campus offers to college and jun-
ior college students approximately
$55,000 dollars each month to aid
them in continuing their education.
"It is hoped," remarked Mr. Ponitz,
"that freshman colleges will absorb
students in their respective commu-
nities who are absolutely destitute in
the near future."
Edith Folkoff And Ascher
Opler Found Guilty Of
'WilfullyViolating' Rule
Nature Of Handbills
Termed Immaterial
N.S.L. Pair Must Promise
To Refrain From Rule
Infractions In Future
By THOMAS H. KLEENE
Two sophomore literary college stu-
dents were indefinitely suspended
from the University yesterday for
wilfull and inexcusable violation" of
a rule prohibiting distribution of
printed matter on the campus with-
out proper authorization.
The suspended students are:
EDITH FOLKOFF, of New York
city, and ASCHER OPLER, of West-
brook, Conn.
The action was taken yesterday, fol-
lowing approval by the University
Committee on Student Conduct of the
recommendations of its sub-commit-
tee on discipline.
The committee ordered that Miss
Folkoff and Opler "be suspended from
the University until such time as they
give reasonable guaranty in writing
to the Dean of the College of Litera-
ture, Science and the Arts, and to the
Dean of Students and the Dean of
Women respectively, that in the fu-
ture they will refrain from willful vio-
lation of the rules of the University.
Students Fou'nd Guilty
Both students were found guilty by
the subcommittee of having distrib-
uted various circulars on the campus,
after they were instructed by the Sec-
retary of the University, Shirley W.
Smith, "that such distribution was not
permitted."
The leaflets were prepared by the
Committee on Academic Freedom of
the National Student League. Both
Miss Folkoff and Opler are members
of the National Student League.
In response to a question regarding
the subcommittee's proceedings, Pro-
fessor Stason stated: "The nature,
-ontent, and source of the leaflets
were not regarded as relevant by the
Subcommittee on discipline. The de-
ision was based only on the ques-
tion of whether there has been a will-
ful violation of a University rule.
He quoted the rule of the Board of
Regents (adopted on Sept. 28, 1934)
concerning student conduct, as fol-
lows:
Regents' Rule Quoted
"Students should realize that their
3nrollment in the University carries
with it obligations in regard to con-
duct, not only inside but also outside
the classroom, and they are expected
'o conduct themselves so as to be a
,redit both to themselves and to the
University. They are amenable to the
laws governing the community as well
as to the rules and orders of the
University and University officials,
and are expected to observe the stand-
ards of conduct approved by the Uni-
versity.
"Whenever a student, group of stu-
:ents, society, fraternity or other stu-
dent organization fails to observe the
principles of conduct as above out-
ined, or conducts himself or itself
.n such a manner as to make it ap-
parent that he or it is not a desirable
member of the University he or it
shall beliable to disciplinary action."
The complete report of the sub-
,ommittee on student discipline is as
follows:
Committee's Report Given
The Subcommittee on Discipline
of the University Committee on Stu-
dent Conduct met to consider the
cases of Ascher Opler, '38, Edith
Folkoff, '38, charged with willful vio-
lation of the rule of the University
prohibiting the distribution of hand-
bills and other printed matter on the
campus without authorization by the
Secretary of the University. Mr. Op-
ler, Miss Folkoff, and Secretary S. W.
Smith appeared before the commit-
tee.
"The following facts were estab-
lished - That both Mr. Opler and
Miss Folkoff had been advised of the
above-mentioned rule; that on Mon-
day, October 7, they applied to the
Secretary of the University for infor-
mation concerning the distribution of
Old Resident Of Ann Arbor
Recalls University's History
Cecil Carr Addresses Law School
And Political Science Students
By WILLIAM D. SHAOKLETON
More than a half-century of growth
by the University has been woven
into the life of George D. Lutz, resi-
dent of Ann' Arbor for 77 years. He
personally has talked with its leg-
endary figures and seen it take on its
present appearance.
Recently Prof. L. M. Gram, director
of plant extension, suggested to Mr.
Lutz, now head painter in the build-
ings and grounds department, that he
write down his recollections and rem-
iniscences. The result was a 16-page
booklet into which was condensed the
story of the University from the 1880's
to the 1930's.
When Mr. Lutz entered the em-
ploy of the University in 1888, his an-
nual stipend was $500 and his nom-
inal position was that of painter.
Building, Old General Library, Engi-
neering Shops (West Engineering An-
nex), Old Medical Building, Chem-
ical Building (Economics and Phar-
macology), Museum (Romance Lan-
guages Building), and two small
frame hospitals on North University
Ave.
Another fornaer fixture on the
campus, a memorial statue of Ben-
jamin Franklin located about 75 feet
southwest of Haven Hall, forms the
subject of an amusing incident in Mr.
Lutz's recollections. It happened that
one day, 42 years ago, Mr. Lutz no-
ticed that someone had thrown an
empty beer bottle at the statue of
Franklin with such success that the
bottle stuck in his pocket. When in-
formed of this mishap, the superin-
tendent of buildings told Mr. Lutz to
renair the hole in Franklin's nocet.
Executive and departmental orders
filling in gaps in skeleton legislation
were upheld as necessary to efficient
government, by Dr. Cecil Thomas
Carr, British jurist and editor of
England's Revised Statutes and Sta-
tutory Rules, who explained his work
to political science and Law School
students yesterday.
"We don't bother in England as to
who made the law," he said. "Our
interest is in whether or not it is a
decent law."
Interviewed after his talk at 11 a.m.
in Hutchins Hall, Dr. Carr said he
approves of the trend, given impetus
by President Roosevelt, of issuing ex-
ecutive orders having the force of
law.
The danger of bureaucracy, he de-
clared, "is greatly exaggerated. Bu-
reaucracy is not dangerous. It is
"Our problems in the delegation of
power is different from yours," the
noted Briton pointed out. "It seems
to us that we are remarkably free
in not having a written constitution.
Parliament can ask a department to
do anything without fear of being
overridden by a supreme court.' '
He denied that the civil service was
"trying to clip the wings of Parlia-
ment, because Parliament hands out
the scissors." He quoted the dissent
of Justice Nathaniel Cardoza in the
hot oil case that "without the power]
of delegation the business of gov-
ernment could not go on."
He answered criticisms of a com-
mittee which investigated civil serv-
ice "evils" in England by declaring:
"It is necessary at times for the de-