THE MICHIGAN OAILT.
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6!
FEATURES and ARTICLES of SPECIAL INTERESI
I
1.
I
USH-WHAT IT
EANS TO CHINA
e Effect of War Told in Letter
be ceded to Germany1
Germans everywhere
be feted, honored, andi
of the people and th
of the government. T
guage would drive of
and Germania rather
would rule the waves.
in China would University Library Shows Latest
in Chn}ol
made the guides FatETY HS d
madthedses Facts on Eats for Hungry tules
e only advisers'
"INDIA NOT HROTING"
SAYS DR. S. N. 0HRDCAR
he German lan-
ut the English;
than Brittannia
- 0----
to Rev. Ohiinger
Gilbert Ried
from
RESULTS ARE POSSIBLE
RESULTS ARE
POSSIBLE
"Suppose, on the other hand, that
Germany is crushed. Who will have
the honor of crushing her, of entering
Berlin, of taking the lead in turning
out the Hohenzollerns, of establishing
a republic, of bleeding the people, and
of re-making the map of Europe? In
this case there are some Britishers
who have a more vivid imagination
than their German cousins and have
actually declared that they must not
stop until this crushing process is
completed. That is the reason why
Let the enterprising boarding house
keeper and the quick lunch man look
well to their stocks in the future, for
no longer can the innocent student be
cheated with fictitious lamb chops and
imaginary cheese sandwiches. For
the edification of the long-suffering
student there is on display this week
in the east corridor of the University
Library a series of charts and plates,
appetizing and attractive in appear-
ance and taken from a volume with
an alluring title, "The Grocer's En-
cyclopedia."
Here are displayed to tantalize the
taste of a hungry public highly-col-
ored illustrations of food dear to a
man's heart-apples, grapes and alli-
gator pears-the last, though, no more
a pear than the grape-fruit is a grape,
full rich cheese, juicy lamb chops, the
licorice candy of our youth, clams and
oysters and other luscious morsels,
olives for the college maid, the old-
fashioned twisted. bread, the picknick-
er's favorite food, the peanut,-all are
set forth in colors and hues vivid and
lifelike enough to tempt the passer-by.
The grocer has awakened to a
sense of his grave responsibility and
while telling his patrons in high-
sounding language the food values and
methods of cultivation of the foods he
sells, wins his instant patronage
through the pictures in his book.
What hungry lad could gaze upon
such glories and not sally forth at
once to buy what he had seen?
CLAIMS STORIES
REPORTING
Mr. Gilbert Ried, of Shanghai, China,
as recently written a letter to Rev.
. Ohlinger of this city, in which he
utlines the political situation in
lina. In the letter he points out the
fter effects of the great European
ar on the Chinese republic. He also
eats of three possible outcomes:
ermany winning, the Allies emerg-
ig victorious, or the struggle termin-
ing in a draw. Mr. Ried was form-
ly a missionary to China and has
ent a long period of years studying
e Chinese people. Following is the
ticle received by Rev. Ohlinger:
"Crush--this is an old world, but
mly lately has it become current. It
one of the, most musical and be-
itching in the English language. It
a Christian word as interpreted by
igher criticism.' It takes the place
the word 'destruction.' It is a
ord around which all forces can
ally, like the words, 'Duty,' 'Honor,'
tight,' and 'God,' as used in olden
me.
Where "Crush" Comes From
"Whether the word is equally cur-
nt in French, Germanic and Slavic,
do not know. The idea is certainly.
ere; it is in fact an intuition of all
itmal creation. In the American
nguage both the word and the idea
ave suddenly come into being. Am-
'icanstare always quick to learn
om others. According to the latest
ctionary, the word, 'Crush,' is prob-
>ly of German origin, from a deriv-
Live of the word seen in Gothic, Thus
st as it ought to be, the merit for
'oducing this sweet, tender, monosyl-
bic word rests with the Germans,
>t with the Anglo-Saxon-Jute por-
>n of the Teutonic race.
"The verb, to crush, is crushing, is
ushed, will crush, will be crushed,
ay be crushed, won't be crushed, all
rms of the same predicate, both ac-
ve and passive, of which the noun
ermany is the subject. As a rule,
e wish is to make the verb passive,
t to do this, the noun, that is, Ger-
any, must also be made passive.
two or three years are spoken of
the time limit of the war. As it
wrong and dangerous for Germany1
as
is
to
come out 'on top,' so the only alterna-
tive is for Germany to be crushed un-
der foot of men. Personally I do not
believe in the piety of this proposi-
tion.
And if the Teutons Are "Crushed !"
"Still, suppose that this supposition
is realized, what changes would take
place in China? The changes would
not be as overwhelming and upheav-
ing as in the first supposition, but
none the less, in the long run, they
would be almost as momentous and
calamitous to China. First, German
ships will disappear from these wa-
ters. Many of the German firms will
cease to have their being and most
of the German merchants will find it
convenient to be naturalized as Eng-
lish or American. German Tsingtao
will be dominated by the Japanese,
even if nominally restored to China.
The railways and mines of Shantung
will become Japanese possessions.
The northern half of Tsin-Puh rail-
way will also be Japanese. All the
money that Germany has spent on the
development of China Dill be sunk and
China will not be the richer therefor.
The Catholic missions in Shantung
will revert to French protectorate. The
Prote-tant missions will be disbanded
and their few converts will be trans-
ferred to American Presbyterians.
German schools will struggle along
for a while, and then decide to go over
to the victor. China will have no other
resource open to her, save that of bow-
ing to the v ctorious Allies. Germany
as a menace will cease to be and some
other menace will take its place.
America will still advocate the policy
of the open door, though its appl'ica-
tion to China will carry no weight.
The Results of a Draw
"Now comes in the third supposi-
tion, that of a draw, some kind of
compromise,-peace with honor forE
all, with justice to all, and with none'
of this barbaric craze for crushing.
This view which others cast aside
with a slur is the one I heartily favor
from the standpoint of China's inter-
ests. The Briton who demands the
right to rule both sea and land and
fights to crush, and the German, proud
and stern, who, too, wants to rule and
have the only 'place in the sun' to
crush all her allies and especially
England, will alike suffer disappoint-
ment. No one country and no one
man carries' all the blame for this
awful war. No one nation in these
lays of international brotherhood
need expect that other nations will
cease to float a flag, to trade under
that flag, or to sail ships with that,
flag at the mast. In this war each
nation is blaming some other nation,
and all must suffer together. No na-
tion need expect to gain any great
advantage over the rest. The war is '
NEWLUBOOKS ENGLISH IS TAUGHT TO
TH E FUTURE OF SOUTH AMERICA. NEWJFORE/SNSTUDENTS
-By Roger Babson.--Little, Brow n]
and Company.
From a purely commercial point of
view Mr. Babson has discussed in con-
siderable detail the conditions of the
South American countries, and the
means whereby the American may be
benefited. Natural, physical, econo-
mic, industrial and financial problems
are treated frankly, with neither the
promoters' highly-colored enthusiasm
nor the pessimists' horrors of hard-
ships. The book should be of great
interest to men already actively en-
gaged in business as well as to the
young man eager for a new field of
endeavor.
Mr. Babson feels that South Ameri-
ca is unquestionably the coming con-
tinent and that we in the United
States cannot know too much of our
neighbors who should be of great
benefit to us.
SA TELLITE CITIES.-By Graham R.
Taylor.-Appleton and Company.
From the survey Mr. Taylor has
collected his articles on the communi-
ties which of late years have grown
up in the vicinity of the larger cities
of the country and placed them in
the present volume. They deal with
the problems of Pullman, Gary, and
the suburbs of some of the more im-
portant cities of the south. Town
building and community planning are
matters largely before the public mind
today. Mr. Taylor has not only col-
lected an abundant supply of facts,
but has also treated the question al-
ways from a broad and human stand-
point.
SOUTH AFRICAN SHATTERS
AGE RECORDS AT OHIO0 STATE
Ohio State University to Give Ph. 1).
to 21-Year-Old Student from
Africa
Columbus. O., Nov. 30.--Erie Cogan,
21 years old, from Grahanstown, South,
Africa, is shattering all age records
among Ohio State students.
Next June when most men of his
age are going into the junior and1
senior classes, Cogan will receive his
doctor of philosophy degree. He took
his master's degree at Ohio State in
1914 and before coming to America
in 1913 he had been graduated from
Rhodes university in South Africa. He
is the youngest man ever to receive a
Ph. D. degree from Ohio State.
IPRESENT ROMEO AND JULIET
Class in Shakespearean Reading Gives1
ENGINF'E!LIN G
F IISTTO
CLA~ISS FN
COLLEGEl AMONG
OFFER SPECIAL
CONVOCATION
Three Results of War Possible
"There are three theories as to the
issue of the war in Europe: one, that
Germany is crushed, another that the
Allies, and chiefly Great Britain, are
crushed, and the third that there is a
'draw.' The probability to my mind
is rather in favor of the last hypothe-
sis. Those who pray for speedy peace
accept this hypothesis. Those who pray
or wish that the war continue till
some one is Crushed must accept
either the first or second theory.. At
present I am only concerned with the
working out of the respective theories
in their bearings on China and on
foreign relations in China.
"Suppose, then, that the Germans
arestheeones whotdeclare that the war
must be fought to a finish and that
they must conquer, to the point of
crushing, Russia on the one side
along with the Balkan states of Servia
and Montenegro, and on the other side,
Belgium which has already been bad-
ly and harshly crushed,-and then
France, and then Great Britain with
all her colonies, and then Japan, and
lastly any other country which here-
after may deem it expedient to join
in with the Allies. The very statement
of the supposition reveals its gigantic
absurdity. I doubt if any German, in
his wildest fancy of pride and delu-
sion, has so much as thought of such
an hypothesis. He may have deter-
mined to crush England and cripple
England's navy and trade, as the
Times has a asserted, but no German
can have the slightest hope of thus
crushing all his enemies.
What if Germany "Crushes I"
"Still, suppose that the impossible
happens, what would happen in China?
Manchuria would then be a field for
German enterprise instead of Russian1
and Japanese; Port Arthur would be
handed by Japan to Germany with a
view of ultimately being restored to
China; Dalny would become a second1
model German town; Weihaiwei would
become a third such town, both for-1
tress and sanitarium; Japanese sol-t
diers, railway guards, peddlers andy
such like, with all their dignitaries,r
would sadly round-about-face and re-c
turn to the'Rising Sun; Annam wouldo
It may not be generally known that
the College of Engineering and Archi-
tecture was one of the first institu-
tions in this country to offer special
classes in English for foreign stu-
dents. Professor Nelson, head of the
English department of the engineer-
ing college, began this work four years
ago with a two hour coursein conver-
sational English for foreign students
largely as a result of his personal in-
terest in the Chinese students who
were present at the university that
year in unusually large numbers. The
result seemed to warrant an extension
of this work so that there have grad-
ually developed the four courses which
are at present offered,-English 16 and
L7, each a four hour course, and Eng-
lish 18 and 19, each a two hour course.
The aim of these courses is a very
practical and simple way to help the
foreign student to adjust himself to
his new environment, to make him
familiar with college life and customs
and with the industrial and social life
of the community in which he now
finds himself. At the same time he is
made to talk and write so constantly
about these things that he is enabled
to develop a facility for expressing in
idiomatic English his ideas regarding
the new things with which he is com-
ing in contact.
He visits with his instructor the
laboratories, libraries, and other points
of interest about the campus and is
shown some of the most typical and
characteristic features of the city and
country surrounding the university.
He is required to write a theme every
day regarding the things which he has
seen. He engages in daily class dis-
cussions and presents each week be-
fore the class some subject which is
of common interest. By a system of
phonetic exercises which have been
worked out as a result of experience
with this work, the student's difficul-
ties in pronunciation are corrected and
he' is taught habits of accurate and
intelligent English speech.
Two years ago the College of Engi-
neering and Architecture took the
radical step of allowing the foreign
student to substitute English for his
French and German, the feeling being
that no foreign student should be
graduated from an American college
without a reasonable command of
English, both written and spoken. All
such students, upon entering college,
have laid out for them by the profes-
sor of English such a course of Eng-
lish, French, German or Spanish as
shall satisfy the modern language re-
quirement. If in the judgment of the
professor of English the student needs
a great deal of English, he may be re-
quired to take English up to a maxi-
mum of 17 hours.
The special courses for foreign stu-
dents are taken until the student has
satisfied the professor of English that
he no longer needs such special help.
He must then take at least one of the
regular courses offered for American
students, in order to show himself
able to compete successfully with
those whose native tongue is English.
At present Professor Nelson has in
his class in English 16 students from
Russia, Poland, China, Japan, Colom-
bia, Chile, Porto Rico, and Peru, Dur- I
ing the past four years there have
been also students from Brazil, Ecua- ,
der, Mexico, Argentina, the Philip-
pines and Austria.
THAT HINDUS ARE FOMENTING
A REVOLT ARE UNTRUE
Press reports have been pouring in
during the last few weeks to the ef-
fect that the Hindu students in this
country, urged on by German propa-
gandists, are quietly fomenting a rev-
olution against the English rule in
India. Dr. S. N. 'Hardikar, of the
medical department, vehemently pro-
tests against these stories, branding
them as absolutely false and, as en-
tirely without foundation. Dr. Hardi-
kar is himself a native Hindu, and,
speaks with a full knowledge of the
conditions existing among his people
both in' their native land and in this
country.
"I want to protest against these1
stories," he said. "I have noticed them
appearing recently both in The Mich-!
igan Daily and in the Detroit Free
Press. The people of India are behind
the British almost to a man. They
realize that they would be thrusting
their heads in a noose if they support-
ed any scheme of Germany to start a
revolution among them. They would
a thousand times rather be under the
benevolent despotism of England than
to be ruled by the Kaiser's policy of
blood and iron militarism. All they
want from England is a chance to rule
themselves. They feel that this will
ultimately be brought about, and they
are willing to work toward this end
by peaceful methods.
"Last September each province of
India held a meeting at its capital,
and passed resolutions supporting
England's policy in the present war.
This alone should indicate the unani-
mity of feeling on this question in
India, where Mohammedans, Budd-
hists, Christians and other religious
sects divide the country into innumer-
able castes and strata of society, mak-
ing it almost impossible to unite the
country in any single act.
"I fear that this country will get an
erroneous view of my people," said
Dr. Hardikar. "Already several of my
friends have asked me about these
false news items, and of course I deny
them. But I can't see all the people.
Only a newspaper can do that. So
will you tell the people through your
paper that these items are untrue?"
At The Theatres!
~ .
"Marie-Odfle" Wins Recognition
Of the 140 dramatic productions
brought out at the leading theatres in
New York City last season only 21
were recommended to the public by
the two theatre-going organizations,
the Drama League and the Drama So-
ciety, as worthy of patronage. One of
the plays which has basked in the
sunshine of their mutual approval is
"Marie-Odile," in which David Belasco
will present that charming young ac-
tress, Franices Starr, at the Whitney
theatre Thursday, November 9.
This is said to be a strange play,
one that only the genius of a Belasco
could produce. Its scenes are laid in
a convent, but it is promised that this
will give no offense to any one. The
Belasco theatre cast and production
will be brought here intact.
TEUTON S ABOUT TO,
THE ITALIANS GAIN AT GORIZIA
WHILE ANGLO-FRENCH LINES
SEEM INACTIVE
Asiatic Problem Becomes Grave
The Serbian campaign is doomed to
an early conclusion according to
the reports during the past seven
days. Probably the strictest censor-
ship since the inception of the war
has been exercised this week, but in
general it seems to be merely masking
preparations for events of great im-
port in the near future. .The Italians
have been pounding furiously at Gor-
izia and are apparently on tlIe verge
of overwhelming the Austrians at that
point. With the capture of this fort-
res, numerous Italian troops will
sweep through Albania to aid the hard
pressed allies in southern Serbia.
French Lines Inactive.
The Anglo-French seem to have dug
themselves into their trenches in pre-
paration for the descending winter.
Artillery duels, in which ammunition
is said to have been sparingly used,
and skirmishes with hand grenades
seem to be the chief features in the
western area. Most of the allies' ef-
forts are being exercised in preparing
ways and means for a general ad-
vance,
w Serbians Pushed Further Back.
Serbians ar~e being driven back mile
by mile against the Albanian border,
by the Bulgars and central powers.
The Serbs are now isolated in two
main divisions. The northern section
under personal charge of King Peter
has been almost completely cut off
from the allied reinforcements in
southern Serbia and at Salniki. At
the present rate of reduction, the
Serbian kingdom is doomed within' a
few weeks, to a fate worse than Bel-
gium's.
Russians Despair of Offensive.
Russians who have recently started
on a general offensive in the eastern
war zone, have apparently despaired
of further activity for the present.
The Germans, however, are admittedly
on the defensive.
Asiatic Situation Bad for, Entente.
Entente diplomats are considerably
displeased by events in the past week
in Persia and China. Beneath the
anarchy in Persia, there seems to be
a strong undercurrent favoring the
Teutons. The city of Bagdad has not
been captured by the British, and the
Tommies have only reached a point
several miles south of that city. The
British admit that they have been
forced to retire from attacking Bag-
dad, but give as the reason a lack of
water supply. The Chinese govern-
ment has refused to ally with the en-
tente.
Pbneer Resident Dies
Mrs. Minnie Rayer, aged 6, a pio-
neer resident of this city, passed away
Monday noon at her home, 422 West
William street. She had lived in Ann
Arbor since she was one year old.
She is survived by four daughters,
Mrs. Thomas Carney of Detroit, Mrs.
Clyde Kerr, Mrs. E. L. Curtis and Mrs.
Edward Watson, all of this city, and
by two sons, Arthur and Walter Ray-
er, also of this city.
Funeral services will be held from
the family home this afternoon at
2:00 o'clock, and interment made at
Forest Hill cemetery.
one of highest folly and only one can Excellent Presentation.
be the arbiter, the One who never Romeo and Juliet, which was given
does wrong and whose name is one last night in Sarah Caswell Angell
and the same with the word, 'God!' hali, by the class in Shakespearean
, . . -readin ;, was one of the best presen-
"Under this supposition what will tains of th e best esen
happen in China? The Germans as tations of that famous play ever given
well as others-British, French, Rus- in Ann Arbor.
Sian, Japanese, Americans-will have The class has been working on the
the right to _live and to do business. play since college opened this fall,
They rih avethsaetdchnes. showing great progress and remark-
They will have the same chance t iable talent along the line of dramat-
render service to God and to man in ics. The cast was changed every
their own way. No one can say, 'I amis.ene cdetowas ch dery
holier than thou.' Tsingtao will revert scene in order to give each person a
to Germany for her to hand back to part i-. the production.
China when the right time has come same privileges to all peoples, and
and remuneration is given. All that receiving from them help, good-will
the Germans have started to do for and confidence.
the good of China, and all that others "I candidly say I prefer the third
have started to do will one and all, hypothesis and I believe it is what
in the spirit of fairness, be allowed China, realizing her own best way of
scope in coming generations. Every salvation, will also pray to see most
nation will have the same right to speedily fulfilled. Even superficially it
trade, to teach, to preach and to sing is more just and generous-yea,.more
his own national anthem, 'with none Christian-than any theory of crush-
to fear or make afraid.' Nations as ing."
well as individuals will learn content-
ment. China will be left in possession London, Nov. 30.-Field Marshal
of her own territory, having any kind Sir John French has conferred with
of a flag that she wants, giving the Premier Asquith in London.