4
Page 2 - The Michigan Daily - Friday, April 12, 1985
Panel rejects
WASHINGTON (AP)-The U.S. Civil Rights Com-
mission on yesterday repudiated the concept of com- for President
parable worth-equal pay for jobs of similar profit from di
value-and urged federal agencies and Congress to THE REP(
do likewise. ployment Opj
"The implementation of the unsound and civil rights en
misplaced concept of comparable worth would be a worth, and ti
serious error," the commission said in a statement. concept when
THE EIGHT-member panel voted 5-2 to adopt a In addition
draft report recommending rejection of comparable pass legislati
worth and reliance instead on "the principle of equal Proponents
pay for equal work.".rpbnnt
The vote followed 2 hours of heated debate fueled equity, belie
by Commissioners Mary Frances Berry and Blan- tributed to d4
dina Ramirez, who disagreed with the report. Com- women, such
missioner Francis Guest abstained. jobs and wag
The commission's decision angered feminists. employers on
Judy Goldsmith, president of the National sibility and w
Organization for Women, characterized the panel's Commission
majority as "right-wing ideologues" who speak "only commission n
comparable worth
IN BRIEF
Reagan and the business interests who
scrimination."
ORT recommends that the Equal Em-
portunity Commission and other federal
nforcement agencies reject comparable
hat the Justice Department oppose the
it arises in court.
1the report says Congress should not
on that makes comparable worth the
etting public or private wages.
of comparable worth, also called pay
we historical discrimination has con-
epressed wages in fields dominated by
as nursing and clerical work. They say
es should be re-evaluated by individual
nthe basis of skills, education, respon-
orking conditions.
ners Berry and Ramire charged that the
made its recommendations without con-
ducting interviews, fact-finding or field in-
vestigations to find out how comparable worth is
working in states and cities that have adopted it.
"The report is filled with internal inconsistencies
and a lot overblown statements," Berry said, while
Ramirez called the document "weighted with
rhetoric that summarily dismisses the concept in the
absence of an investigation which might define its
usefulness."
The commission report acknowledges that some
sex-based discrimination does exist, and "strongly
endorses the right of women and men" to assert their
claims through the Equal Pay Act of 1963 and Title
VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
But the report-based on two days of consultations
with experts-concludes that an estimated 36-cent-
per-dollar wage gap between men and women results
largely from factors that have nothing to do with
discrimination.
High school students protest administrator's ouster
(Continued from Page i)
Norah Bixby, a drama teacher in
charge of the morning announcements,
dedicated Elvis Presley's "You're So
Young and Beautiful" to Graham
before joining the protest.
Bixby said Graham, who had planned
to retire in June, was asked to take a
sick leave because of problems with the
senior class. She said several other
administrators were just as responsible
I
The fourth annual
Exploring
Gay
Issues
Conference
for parents, relatives, and
friends of lesbians and
gay men who seek a
better understanding of
the gay experience.
Law Club Lounge
(entrance on State-St. nearest S. University)
Saturday, April 20, 1985
9:00 am - 7:00 pm
This conference is co-sponsored by P-FLAG/
Ann Arbor (Parents & Friends of Lesbians
and Gays) and the Human Sexuality Office
(U-M Counseling Services-Special Programs).
It is also supported in part by contributions
from: LSA, MSA, Lesbian/Gay Law Students,
Lesbian Network, Michigan Gay Undergrads,
Guild House, Nectarine Ballroom, Chosen
Books, Gay Liberation Front. The conference
will be wheelchair accessible. Further provis-
ions for the differently abled will be made
available upon prior request.
out.
that."
'U' saw~ polio cure
(Continued from Page 1)
Hunein Maassab, one of those par-
ticipants and who now is a professor in
the department.
THE RESEARCHERS worked out of
the now defunct Polio Vaccine
Evaluation Center on Catherine Street
and in the School of Public Health.
Their work was conducted over a one-
year period at an estimated cost of $7.5
million. But Francis' ties to Salk went
back much further.
Salk had been a student of Francis' in
1939 'at New York University and
together they had researched an influen-
za virus. Salk then went to the Univer-
sity of Pittsburgh. In 1942 the two men
teamed up again on influenza research
at the University of Michigan.
But five years later Salk returned to
Pittsburgh to begin work on a vaccine
for polio. In 1954, Salk forwarded his
samples to Francis.
THOUGH SALK had determined the
vaccine was safe and effective in
preliminary tests in 1953, the official
confirmation was kept quiet until after
Francis completed the follow-up
research.
"The doctors did not want to arouse
high hopes, so talk about the research
as Graham for the mix-ups. Brownlee said that he talked to
"I JUST think she's being used as a student leaders yesterday morning. He
scapegoat by a number of people," said students agreed to return to school
Bixby said. She declined to name ad- and urge their classmates to do the
ministrators who were responsible for same. But they didn't.
Graham's ouster, but she said that "I At 1:30 p.m., student council presid-
think it goes all the way up." ent Rose Varga and more than 100
Graham was unavailable for com- students were will sitting in front of the
ment. school, holding picket signs to protest
Wiley Brownlee of the school superin- Graham's leaving.
tendent's office declined to discuss the Varga said students who missed class
details surrounding Graham's yesterday will recieve unexcused ab-
resignation, saying only that "she ap- sences, but will not be suspended.
plied for a sick leave and she was gran- -Brownlee confirmed that no students -
ted a sick leave." will be suspended for the protest, and
Bixby said that Graham has a history even said the action was "quite an
of medical problems, but that she would educational thing and they did it with a
not have left had she not been forced lot of class. We're proud of them for
NOT ENOUGH ROOM IN YOUR TRUNK?
8 1
I jug
Advertise in
CLA lSSIFIE
team was kept quiet until the men were
certain of the results," remembers
Harlan Hatcher, president of the Unive-
rsity in 1955. He said phone calls from
as far away as Europe and Asia flooded
his office the day of the announcement
with people wondering whether the
reports about the vaccine were true.
ACCORDING to the 1965 book by
Richard Carter, Breakthrough: The
Saga of Jonas Salk, polio had killed
thousands of people around the world
each year and left tens of thousands
more crippled. Children were hit har-
dest by the virus.
Francis' wife, still living in Ann Ar-
bor, said polio victims were "children
who lost the use of their muscles,
children who could no longer sit up, and
children in iron lungs.
Word that Salk had developed a
means of preventing those casualties
rocked the world. And the scientific
community was shaken again two days
later when on April 14, Salk reduced
from three to two the number of
recommended shots of the virus.
Within hours of Francis' announ-
cement, the National Institute of Health
officially licensed the Salk vaccine, ac-
cording to 1955 newspaper reports.
DURING THE summer of 1955, 21
million vaccines were given, primarily
to children and pregnant women.
Adults were charged $4.20-$6 for the
shots, not including doctor fees.
Children were innoculated for free.
While the vaccine was being tested,
only one child died after receiving the
shot.. But news articles from that time
attributed the death to tonsillitis, which
the child had contracted two days after
innoculation..
Salk pioneered research on polio
cures, though the disease has been
traced back 3,000 years. Hieroglyphics
etched on a stone tablet describe the
disease and Egyptian mummies have
been unearthed that have one leg shor-
ter than the other.
IN 1909, Austrian researchers
discovered that polio was transmitted
through a virus. But little more was
known about the disease until 1940 when
Dr. Jaboc Heine, a famous German
bone specialist, recognized the disease
was the result of damaged or destroyed
nerve cells. Shortly afterward, Swedish
doctor 0. Medin documented early
symptoms of polio.
Today, polio has virtually been wiped
out among children.
Francis died in 1969, 14 years after his
team of researchers confirmed Salk's
findings. The newest of the School of
Public Health buildings on campus is
named in his honor.
Salk is still continuing his research at
teh Salk Institute at San Diego.
But the memory of what the two
researchers accomplished remains a
vivid image in University officials who
were on hand for the famous annou-
n cement in 1955.
One of those is former LSA dean
Haber, who chokingly says, "I hope I
am still young enough to sit in on such
a meeting when they announce: "We
have a found a cure for cancer.",
7sa ide 1
Compiled from Associated Press and
United Press International reports
Retail sales hit seven year low
WASHINGTON-Retail sales plunged 1.9 percent in March, the steepest
drop in more than seven years, the government said yesterday, but analysts
were split over whether the decline was a sign of growing economic
weakness or simply a one-month fluke.
Only construction supply firms and clothing stores showed improvement
overall last month, government figures showed.
But compared to a year ago, major retail chains, from Sears, Roebuck &
Co. to J.C. Penneys Co., reported generally mediocre sales in separate
figures released in New York Thursday. K-Mart was among those finding
pre-Easter sales fairly strong.
Despite the March plunge, economic analyst Ed Friedman said, "It is
unlikely this consumer retrenchment will turn into another recession. Jobs
are still being created fast enough to keep total income-and spen-
ding-growing, though slowly," he said.
Retails sold $110.5 billion worth of merchandise, $2.2 billion less than
February's record high and the first decline since August, the Commerce
Department said.
Israel continues withdrawl
NABATIYEH, Lebanon-The Israeli army withdrew yesterday from this
market town and hostile Shiite Moslem villages around it, and hundreds
of Lebanese streamed into the streets to celebrate an end to nearly three
years of Israeli occupation.
"We are celebrating freedom," Mohammed Mrouweh shouted over the din
of chanting neighbors and honking horns on the town's main square. "We
want to tell the whole world that Lebanon belongs to the Lebanese alone."
In the pullback, Israel relinquished control over about 115 square miles of
territory and betwen 60,000 and 70,000 people, the military command in Tel
Aviv said. About 772 square miles of south Lebanon-a fifth of the coun-
try-still are occupied by Israeli soldiers, who invaded Lebanon in June 1982.
Israeli military sources, who spoke on condition they not be indentified,
said the pullback meant some Israeli border settlements would again be
within range of guerrilla rockets.
The withdrawal was the second in a series that begin Feb. 16, when the
Israelis left the southern Lebanese port of Sidon.
Blood-clottinMtreatment ma
protect hemophiliacs from AIDS
PITTSBURGH-Hemophiliacs should delay in having children because
their risk of contracting AIDS and passing it on to their offspring may soon
be eliminated by a new heating treatment for blooding clotting concentrates,
an expert said yesterday.
Dr. Peter Levin, medical director of the National Hemophilia Foundation,
said researchers believe acquired immune deficiency syndrome will be
eliminated among hemophiliacs because of the new treatment, which kills
the AIDS virus in the concentrate before it is given to patients.
"We hope that ittwill be behind us in hemophiliacs in three or four years.
After an incubation period is over, no one with hemophilia will any longer be
at risk," Levine said in a telephone interview.
So far, there has been only one reported case of AIDS in the child of a
hemophiliac.
Researchers at the Centersof Disease Control and the Institute Pasteur in
Paris have discovered that the AIDS virus is heat sensitive and can be killed
in blood clotting concentrates used by hemophiliacs, who lack naturally
produced clotting factors, Levine said. The scientists plan to present their
findings Tuesday at an international conference on AIDS held by the CDC in
Atlanta.
Proposed Soc. Security cuts
could force 650,000 into poverty
WASHINGTON-Social Security and other cuts proposed by President
'Reagan and Republican senators in a compromise budget would plunge
650,000 Americans-most of them elderly-into poverty, the Congressional
Budget Office said yesterday.
Under the compromise budget agreed to last week by Reagan and Senate
Republican leaders, Social Security and other cost-of-living adjustments
would be limited to a 2 percent increase next year.
In the following two years, the.2 percent cap would still apply unless in-
flation topped 4 percent.
The non-partisan budget office, in the first independent study of the com-
promise, said two-thirds of the new poor would be the elderly as a result of
the cost-of-living changes in Social Security;railroad retirement, military
retirement and civil service retirement benefits.
The cost-of-living adjustments are central to the Senate-Reagan budget,
which attempts to cut $52 billion off the nearly $230 billion deficit in fiscal 1986.
India to probe anti-Sikh riots
NEW DELHI, India-In a bid to avert a new confrontation with Sikhs in
Punjab, the Indian government yesterday ordered a judicial investigation
into the anti-Sikh riots that followed the killing of Prime 'Minister Indira
Gandhi.
It also agreed to lift the ban on a militant Sikh students' union and to
release some Sikhs arrested in Punjab on suspicion of seditious activity.
Home Minister Shankarrao Chavan announced the moves in Parliament
two days before the threatened start of new agitation by Sikhs seeking
greater self-government in Punjab.
Vol. XVC -'No. 153
The Michigan Daily (ISSN 0745-967 X) is published Tuesday through Sunday
during the Fall and Winter terms and Tuesday through Saturday during the
Spring and Summer terms by students at the University of Michigan. Sub-
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Sell your lofts, furniture, carpets and
other white elephants before you leave.
YEAR END SALE.
April 17
aommmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmma
I want my ad in:
_____________________IF April 17
Editor in Chief...................... NEIL CHASE
Opinion Page Editors............. JOSEPH KRAUS
Managing Editors............GEORGEA KOVANIS
JACKIE YOUNG
News Editor................. THOMAS MILLER
Features Editor................LAURIE DELATER
City Editor..............ANDREW ERIKSEN
Personnel Editor ............. TRACEY MILLER
NEWS STAFF: Jody Becker, Laura Bischoff, Dov
Cohen, Nancy Driscoll, Lily Eng, Carla Folz, Rita Gir-
ardi, Maria Gold, Ruth Goldman, Amy Goldstein, Ra-,
chel Gottlieb, Jim Grant, Bill Hahn, Thomas Hrach,
Sean Jackson, Elyse Kimmelman, David Klapman,
Debbie Ladestro, Vibeke Laroi, Carrie Levine, Jerry
Markon, Jennifer Matuja, Eric Mattson, Amy Min-
dell, Kery Murakami, Joel Ombry, Arona Pearlstein,
Christy Reidel, Charlie Sewell, Stacey Shonk, Katie
Wilcox, Andrea Williams.
Magazine Editors............PAULA DOHRING
RANDALL STONE
Associate Magazine Editors....... JULIE JURRJENS
JOHN LOGIE
Arts Editors ........................MIKE FISCH
CHRIS LAUER
Associate Arts Editors........ANDREW PORTER
Movies...................BYRON L. BULL
Music.................... DENNIS HARVEY
Books ....................... ANDY WEINE~
Sports Editor .....................TOM KEANEY
Associate Sports Editors ................JOE EWING
BARB McQUADE
ADAM MARTIN
PHIL NUSSEL
STEVE WISE
SPORTS STAFF: Dave Aretha, Eda Benjakul, Mark
Borowsky, Emily Bridgham, David Broser, Debbie de-
Frances,'Joe Devyak, Chris G3erbasi, Rachel Goldman,
Skip Goodman, Jon Hartmann, Steve Herz, Rick Kap-
lan, Mark Kovinsky, John Laherty, Tim Makinen,
Scott McKinlay, Scott Miller, Brad Morgan, Jerry
Muth, Adam Ochlis, Mike Redstone, Scott Salowich,
Scott Shaffer, Howard Solomon.
Business Manager...............LIZ CARSON
Sales Manager..............DAWN WILLACKER
Marketing Manager .............LISA SCHATZ
Finance Manager............... DAVE JELINEK
Display Manager............KELLIE WORLEY
Classified Manager ............... JANICE KLEIN
Nationals Manager........JEANNIE McMAHON
Personnel Manager............ MARY WAGNER
Ass't. Finance Mgr..........FELICE SHERAMY
Ass't. Display Mgr............. LIZ UCHITELLE
Ass't. Sales Mgr......... MARY ANNE HOGAN
Ass't. Classified Mgr............. BETH WILLEY
ADVERTISING STAFF: Carla Balk, Julia Barron,
Amelia Bischoff, Diane Bloom, Stella Chang, Sue
Cron, Monica Crowe, Melanie Dunn, Richard Gagnon,
Meg Gallo, Susan Gorge. Tammy Herman, Betsy Hey-
i