04r mtrgan 4Bat1s
Seventieth Year
L7! EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
"When Opinions Are Free UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS
Truth Will Prevail" STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. * ANN ARBOR, MICH. * Phone NO 2-3241
Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.
RIDAY, MAY 20, 1960 NIGHT EDITOR: SUSAN FARRELL
"We Said We'd Soon Have a Man in Space"
{a
r.
-'~ A
SIDELINE ON SGC:
Calendaring Function
PerformedQuel
By PHILIP SHERMAN
Daily Staff Writer
LAST WEEK Student Government Council' quietly performed one of
its most important functions: it approved the calendar of next
year's major events.
The calendaring function is a matter of infinite balancing, the
idea being to distribute events throughout the year so as to offer a
continuous program without.concentrating too many events at any one
Medical Care Plan Means
Increased Federal Spending
OF ALL THAT HAS been written concerning
the Forand Bill, one thing stands out more
plainly every day-it is a hard bill to oppose.
If you're a Congressman, how do you tell
your older constituents that you are voting
against a bill that would give them medical aid
in their old age? How do you rationalize your
decision to 'do this in the face of innumerable
pressure groups that are pouring time and
money into an attempt to push the bill
through? Will your constituents or the pressure
group accept without question your statement
that "it would cost too much"?
THESE ARE questions that have undoubtedly
bothered a number of congressmen in re-
cent weeks. Yet many of them have remained
committed to a negative vote on this issue,
mainly on the very simple premise that "it
would cost too much."
No one questions the desirability of the end
-a comprehensive system of medical protec-
tion for the aged. But what is involved here
is the question of whether or not the Federal
government can continually increase the num-
ber of areas over which it has control.
Newsn akers
"A SPRING RIOT sent 1,000 horseplay-
happy Princeton University students
twirling and shouting through the campus
and town early Tuesday ... ," the Asso-
ciated Press reports.
"The demonstration began Monday
night after the school newspaper had
written an editorial commenting on how
quiet things had been lately," the account
concluded.
That's responsible journalism for you!
--KATHLEEN MOORE
As this coverage is increased, so too does
the cost of running the government. And a very
real fear of conservatives is that there is no
end in sight for increasing government involve-
ment and expenditures.
To be sure, there are such things as public
need and government responsibility. But there
must also be an outside limit to such respon-
sibilities. The proponents of the Forand Bill
would say that the limit should be placed at
"the next step" (or the next?), those casting
negative votes would have a halt called now.
ON THE FLOOR of the House of Representa-
tives last July, a minor debate was carried
on for about two hours. The bill in question
was to provide for an extra day of vacation for
federal employes when holidays fell on Satur-
day. This bill obviously was not of world-
shaking importance and its passage would not
have affected the budget in any appreciable
degree, and those who wished to see the bill
passed pointed out this factor of minor ex-
pense. At that point, one Representative took
the floor and berated his colleagues for this
attitude. In effect, he said that too many bills
are pushed through the Congress because the
cost is a "drop in the bucket," but that the
drops can combine into a flood of expenses.
THAT BILL passed, but the Forand bill is
meeting much stronger opposition. The
cost involved here is more than a drop in the
bucket, but even this cost would probably be
absorbed. The opposition comes from those who
recognize that the flood of federal expense must
stop somewhere and are trying to check it
when and where they can. These are not men
opposed to medical aid for their old folks or
an extra day's pay for the federal employees,
they are men who see government as an
organization to provide for common needs
that cannot be met by the individual, not as an
all-encompassing, overly expensive master plan.
--MIKE GILLMAN
Q194s' - e .V.PHArkrcJ fVo5. '-
WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND:
Ike Holds Data on Spy Cases
By DREW PEARSON
time. Ideally, there will be enough i
please most of the people most of
the time.
THE COUNCIL took a question-
able decision Wednesday when it
refused to calendar the "Chal-
lenge" weekend for the same dates
as Soph Show. "Challenge's"idea
in asking for the date, a November
weekend, was to avoid competition
from a home football game. At the
same time, the event would not be
too close to exams when people be-
gin to study. Soph Show felt any
big events-a nationally known
lecturer for instance-would offer
undue competition.
However, as it was pointed out,
there are also intellectual purposes
at the University, and since one
would assume these are more im-
portant than amateur theatrics,
some notice should be given them.
Al Haber promised "Challenge"
would attempt to work with Soph
Show to arrange a mutually sat-
isfactory program, but this assur-
ance was not enough.
THERE IS CERTAINLY truth
in the argument Soph Show had
the week end first, but at the
same time, it is disappointing the
Council went along with this
argument. It would be better to
sacrifice Soph Show attendance
to enable "Challenge" to take a
big step towards permanently es-
tablishing itself by staging the.
weekend when it would not con-
flict with a home football game.
"Challenge" has a good pro-
gram, and mayhnote be adversely
affected, but it is unfortunate it
is not considered of at least equal,
importance to Soph Show.
* * *
THE COUNCIL held its annual
Ad Wing banquet last night with
little fanfare. Accolades were
passed around, briefly.
Many functions of this type are
unnoticed by the campus at large,
but in small ways contribute to
student welfare, for without them
the Council itself could not really
function properly. The same goes
for the related boards and com-
mittees. The Willopolitan bus
service, Cinema Guild, the Stu-
dent Book Exchange and Bike
Auction are nothing very big in
themselves, but they make a con-
tribution to the campus.
It is in this area that SGC can
do some of its best work.
* # *
A COUPLE OF significant items
for next year's Council program
are already becoming apparent.
First is the Reading and Discus-
sion Program, an exceedingly
valuable service to SGC's constitu-
ents, the campus at large.
The other item, on the basis of
recent Council discussion, will be
a serious questioning of such cam-
pus traditions as Homecoming.
The Council has already chucked
J-Hop as intrinsically unremun-
erative. Some Council members
seem to be loading up the big
artillery fora serious examination
of these traditional events.
events of enough different types to
MARYLAND:
Kennedy
Confident
By DOUGLAS B. CORNELL
SEN. JOHN F. KENNEDY (D-
Mass.) disavowed Vatican con-
trol - and the seriousness of a
Presidential rival - as he tried
yesterday to parlay a spectacular
Maryland primary victory on an-
other in Oregon Friday.
Kennedy scoured the populous
Portland area for- votes in a bid
to make it two primaries in a row
over Sen. Wayne ']Morse (D-Ore.).
He was using old themes with oc-
casional new twists.
TALKING TO A golden age club
-20 people turned out -Morse
said that: "Kennedy is spending
money for aid to the dictators of
the world but I would rather use
it to help the aged." Morse called
for legislation to guarantee medi-
cal care for all persons over 65
and to put an escalator clause in
the social security law to handle
inflation.
Neither Kennedy nor Morse has
injected into the. campaign the
issue of Kennedy's Roman Catho-
lic religion. But Kennedy was get-
ting more questions about it from
audiences, since the Vatican news-
paper restated that the Roman
Catholicechurch has a right to give
guidance on social, and political
activities.
HE REPEATED that he upholds
the Constitutional declaration for
separation of church and state.
And he said that "the President
takes an oath to God, who is above
the Popes and Presidents."
Kennedy hammered continu-
ously on his contention that Morse
isn't a real contender for the Dem-
ocratic presidential nomination
and thus Oregonians shouldn't
waste votes on their senator.
He said in a statement he is
sure Morse will "agree that the
Maryland results have made it
more unlikely that Morse will be-
come the Democratic nominee.
"The Oregon primary therefore
truly becomes a national test of
the relative strength of the three
national candidates," Kennedy
said.
He was speaking there of him-
self and Sens. Stuart Symington
of Missouri and Lyndon B. John-
son of Texas.
The man who gets the Oregon
delegation at the Democratic con-
vention also will get 17 votes on
the first ballot for the nomintion.
If he manages to come~ through
with 35 per cent or more of the
votes on the first ballot, the Ore-
gon votes are bound to him on
the second also.
I
MAX L E R N E R mm fi- sa : nr r a r Frvg
Greek Tragedy
\.. ,.? a2 ... . '. v.v r vr e . ,f, r} k ir e r i cP, S ' S
WAITING FOR the fateful American brief-
ing in the Palais de Chaillot after the abrupt
breakup of the summit, little huddles of news-
papermen were asking each other the meaning
of the brutal, almost incredible, Russian ultima-
tum. "Is it war?," I heard one ask. The answer
should have been, I suspect, "Not war but a
sword." The knell has sounded for the brief
idyll of co-existence between Kremlin and Pen-
tagon. Its death came about through an air-
man's ill-fated mission, an American leader's
improvised diplomatic blunder, a Russian lead-
er's relentless rigidity. It is futile to aski which
of these three--Powers, Eisenhower, Khrush-
chev-will have to bear the burden of guilt be-
fore posterity. They have acted almost as if
they were automatic, like the plastic dummy in
the Russian space ship, propelled through a
void by forces beyond their control.
The cold war is back, more blighting and
frigid than at any time, even in Stalin's era. A
hot war hasw been brought perceptibly closer.
Instead of co-existence we shall now have co-
detraction, skating on the thin edge of co-
destruction.
AS YOU PIECE together the story of what
happened, three dominant impressions sur-
vive.
One is of the mess into which President Ei-
senhower and his administration have stumbled
and blundered, dragging their country and its
allies with them. I hasten to add that his be-
havior under fire at Paris has shown a grave
dignity and restraint, contrasting with Khrush-
chev's bravado, bragging and bluster. But the
hard fact is that America and its Western allies
will have to suffer stoically the unintended
consequences of actions taken hastily by a few
men, without consultations. The allies must
have known, of course, that the overflights were
going on. They did not know of the decision to
claim the right of continued overflight as a
matter of policy until it was made and until it
was too late to withdraw it without humiliation.'
The Soviet leaders did not consult their allies
either, but theirs is a totalitarian power-mass,
not a working set-up of joint decisions by
equals, as the Western alliance is conceived to
be.
Editorial Staff
THOMAS TURNER, Editor
PHILIP POWER ROBERT JUNKER
Editorial Director City Editor
JIM BENAGH...............Sports Editor
PETER DAWsON ............ Associate City Editor
CHARLES KOZOLL:............. Personnel Director
JOAN KAATZ.......................Magazine Editor
THIS BRINGS ME to the second overwhelm-
ing impression-the spectacle of a Commu-
nist leader famed for his tactical flexibility, who
has become a totally rigid man, as if frozen
into rigor mortis. We shall have to throw out
of the window all the things we have ever
thought of Khrushchev in order to fit the
present picture. One almost gets the feeling
of a man forced by an ultimatum from an un-
known source to deliver the ultimatum he did
deliver. Stalin at his worst could not have be-
haved worse. It was as if the current Chinese
Communist leader had taken over the Russian
delegation. Certainly the Russians have em-
braced the Chinese doctrine of American lead-
ers as mad warmongers and of nuclear war as
a permissible instrument of national policy in
meeting counter-revolutionary provocation.
The question arises whether Khrushchev is a
free agent or a prisoner of his own extreme na-
tionalist groups. The American delegation seems
now to accept the theory that Khrushchev's
policy was framed at Moscow before he came
to Paris, that he came here deliberately in order
to scuttle the summit conference, and that the
Russian generals have in effect taken over the
rule.
HIS IS PUT in extreme form but there seems
to be a hard core of truth in it. The Russian
officer corps is known to resent the cutting
down ofWits numbers, and having to return to
civilian life as a result of disarmament meas-
ures. This was one revolution Khrushchev did
not get away with internally. He acts like a
man brandishing his missiles with a Red Army
gun placed against his temple in case he loses
heart. Marshal Malinovsky may not have come
to watch over him but he is a symbol of army
power now within Russia.
There remains the third overwhelming im-
pression-that of world peace being crushed be-
tween a blundering America and a power-ar-
rogant rigid Russia. As you watched the un-
folding of the sequence of events it was like
watching a Greek tragedy. Once Herter's fate-
ful words were uttered in Washington, and
America adopted as a policy what should have
been only an unpleasant unavowed necessity,
events moved implacably.
Eisenhower had one more chance, however,
and made another blunder. He came to Paris
with the decision to announce that America
had suspended its overflights and would not
resume them. This was a major concession.
Had it been made immediately after the Herter
statement it would have undercut the ground
Khrushchev took. But if not too little, it came
too late.
THE CONSEQUENCES of the summit break-
down for' Berlin and the German question
still remain to unfold. The consequences for
PARIS - One difficulty of Presi-
dent Eisenhower in Paris was
that he came to the so-called sum-
mit conference unprepared, and
kept revising his proposals until
the last minute. Nikita Khrush-
chev, on the other hand, had
worked out his strategy before
leaving Moscow and never deviated
from it. He kept Eisenhower off
balance.
For instance, the President came
to Paris with a "dossier of cases
where the Soviets had been spy-
ing on the United States, but his
staff debated a long time whether
to release them.
Last week, in Berlin, I proposed
to Gen. Ralph Osbourne, com-
mander of United States forces, to
release data on scores of cases of
Communist spying on American
troops in Berlin. He looked horri-
fied. However, from my own files
plus other confidential sources,
here are many significant cases of
Soviet espionage - some of which
changed history.
* * *
CANADIAN spy ring - when
the story of the spy ring operating
from the Soviet embassy in Ottawa
was revealed in this column in
February 1946, it had almost ex-
actly the same repercussions in
reverse - as the recent U-2 flight
over Russia. I wasdeluged with
critical mail claiming I was dis-
rupting Soviet - American friend-
ship which then, immediately after
the war, was strong. However, the
WALDEN:
Salvage
Sy'lvan Spot
CONSERVATION is so consist-
ently a losing game in this
country that the report of a vic-
tory for the side of things as they
were is a reason for cheering.
In the case of the recent re-
prieve for Walden Pond the cheer-
ing can be hearty, for the ruling
handed down by the Massachus-
etts Supreme Judicial Court was
stronger than even the champions
of Walden had expected.
The judges not only halted the
Middlesex County Commissioners
in the zealous efforts to turn Thor-
eau's pond into a community fun
spot-all parking lots, scooped out
beaches and bath houses - but
ordered that changes made in the
last four years be undone. Trees
must be replaced, the grading re-
stored and the whole sylvan at-
mosphere recaptured as nearly as
possible in what is now a sub-
urban section of Greater Boston.
* * *
THIS DECISION makes the
commissioners look foolish; it is
also likely to cost them a good
deal of money (public money, to
be sure, but they have to square
themselves somehow with the
electorate). Thus, public servants
elsewhere with a passion for bull-
trials held subsequently in Ca-
nadian courts showed how exten-
sive Soviet espionage was, and that
it was responsible for stealing our
atom-bomb secret. Dr. Allen Munn,
a British scientist; Fred Rose, a
member of the Canadian Parlia-
ment, and a dozen others were
convicted.
Incidentally, the United States
showed its tolerance later by per-
mitting Georgi Zourubin, Russian
minister to Ottawa during the
espionage crisis, to come to Wash-
ington as Russian ambassador.
* * *
ELIZABETH BENTLEY, another'
espionage case revealed in this
column Sept. 7, 1947, was the theft
of blueprints of the B-29, our most
valuable wartime bomber which
were delivered to Jacob Galos, top
Soviet spy in the United States at
the time, by his mistress, Elizabeth
Bentley.
Judith Coplon-this pretty clerk
in the United States Justice De-
partment was another amateur
who fell for Soviet love, not money,
as so frequently happens. She be-
came enamored of Valentin Gubit-
chev, Soviet attache at the United
Nations in New York, and got
caught giving United States secrets
to her Russian lover.
Margarethe Pfeiffer - a big,
blonde Czechoslovak girl gradu-
ated from a Communist spy school
in Thuringia where girls who have
been arrested for prostitution can
be trained as spies in lieu of a jail
sentence. She tried to persuade
Pvt. Robert Eicher of the United
States Army to give her American
tank secrets in return for her love.
Instead, he tipped off the Ameri-
can Army and she got four years
in jail.
Ingrid Jonek - another gradu-
ate of the Soviet spy school who
was more successful. She enticed
Pvt. Robert Blevins of Omaha to
desert the United States Army and
go behind the iron curtain. He
finally was arrested in her home
and court-martialed.
- * * 4'
IRMGARD Margaret Schmidt-
another Berlin spy who succeeded
in getting battle plans for the de-
fense of Berlin which she sold to
the Russians for $375. She man-
aged this by using her brunette
beauty on an Air Force colonel and
an American intelligence civilian.
Both fell in love with Irmgard with
neither knowing about the other.
She got five years.
Gertrud Mitenentzwei-a steno-
grapher employed by the United
States military government in Ba-
varia, was caught stealing military
documents. She claimed she was
driven to spying by Russian
threats. She was sentenced to two
years in jail.,
Edith Dietrich - convicted of
spying in Munich because, of her
love for a Czech officer who head-
ed a spy ring. With her were con-
victed Capt. Ivan Janda, Maria
Hablick and Robert Kruse.
* * *
KIM SOO-the most successful
and amazing spy in recent years
was a beautiful Korean girl who
became the mistress of an Ameri-
that the United States would not
defend Korea in case of a Com-
munist attack and this informa-
tion, transmitted by Kim Soo to
the Reds, helped to inspire their
attack. Later she was tried and;
beheaded.
4' 4 *
THESE ARE only a few cases
of Soviet espionage. Others in-
cluded those by Konslantic Pavlo-
vich Ekimon, Secretary of the Rus-
sian delegation at the United Na-
tions, who was deported in 1956;
Col. Ivan Babchikov, an assistant
military attache in Washington
who was forced to leave the United
States in 1956; Vassili Zubilin,
caught trying to get atomic in-
formation at the University of
California laboratory in 1957.
There is also testimony by some
top Soviet spies who have defected,
including Col. Siegfried Dombrow-
ski who revealed that there are
60,000 agents in the Russian spy
organization.
Note-when international espio-
nage was mentioned at the last.
abortive session of the summit
conference here, Khrushchev put
his arms above his head and said:
"As God is my witness, my hands
are clean and my soul is pure."
(Copyright 1960, by the Bell Syndicate)
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR:
Eats Union Food, Avoids Tax
To the Editor:
I MADE a mistake today; I ate
breakfast at the Union. As I
walked through the line getting
my normal breakfast, I was think-
ing about how nice it is that the
Union is able to give students
meals cheaper that they can get
at the regular restaurants in
town. The lady said $.98. I paid.
After eating slowly I finished
in five minutes and stood up (leav-
ing most of the coffee in the cup)
and left with a slightly upset
stomach. As I walked over to the
library, I slowly tried to figure out
just how much I had paid. In
terms of exchange, my orange
juice, eggs, bacon, toast and cof-
fee cost the same as one-half
pound of bacon, six eggs, one-half
loaf of bread, one stick of but-
ter and a can of -frozer orange
juice.
It really isn't this bad; by show-
ing my ID card I didn't have to
pay three cent sales tax.
-~Name Withheld
Legitimate Protest .. .
To the Editor:
AFTER reading several articles
in the Daily, I have come to
notice a feeling that the recent
food riot had no basis and was
started only because of noisy,
trouble-stirring leaders. The im-
pression made by several articles
was that all the "quaddies" were
satisfied and that two people
stirred them up to a riot pitch,
Nothing could be further from
the truth.
cleaned, pressed, and suitable for
eating quad food.
FOR WHAT PURPOSE must
they dress like this? They do it so
they can sit at a table covered
with the food and plates of about
ten or fifteen people who sat
there before them and so they get
a chance to see if any of the food
is edible. The request was not for
the best food; it was just for
some decent edible food without
tough, tasteless third rate meat
and vegetables that taste like
they were broiled in brine for a
week.
Complaints.about this condition
were countless, but nothing was
done. So a demonstration was
made, and instead of leaving the
students to take out their anger
on the plates and furniture of the
dining room, the two boys took
over to lead them in a peaceful
demonstration.
But I guess I am forgetting
that American students are sup-
posedly apathetic. _We must sit
quietly and take whatever is given
to us, and if we stand up and
complain about the school, we
must be expelled.
-Bruce Laidlaw '63
DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN,
The Daily Official Bulletin is an
official publication of The Univer-
sity of Michigan for which The
Michigan Daily assumes no edi-
torial responsibility. Notices should
be sent in TYPEWRITTEN form to
Room 3519 Adminsitration Build-
ing, before 2 p.m. two days preced-
ing publication. Notices for Sunday
Daily due at 2:00 p.m. Friday.
FRIDAY, MAY 20, 1960
VOL. LXX, No. 172
General Notices
Attention June Graduates: College of
Literature,'Science, and the Arts, School
of Education, School of Music, School of
Public Health, and School of Business
Administration: Students are advised
not to request grades of I or X in June.
When such grades are absolutely im-
perative, the Work must be made up in
time to allow your instructor to report
the make-u1 ra de not later than noon.
lomas for all graduates except those of
the ;School of Dentistry, the Medical
School, and Flint College will be dis-
tributed from designated stations un-
der the east stands of the Stadium,
immediately after the exercises. The
diploma distributionhstations are on
the level above the tunnel entrance. If
the weather is rainy and the exercises
must be held indoors, all diplomas ex-
cept those of the School of Dentistry,
the Medical School, and Flint College
will be distributed from the windows
of the Cashier's Office and the Office
of Registration and Records in the
lobby of the Ad. Build. Following the
ceremony, diplomas may be called for
until 9:00 p.m.
Commencement Instructions to Mae-
ulty Members: Convene at 4:15 p.m. in
the first floor lobby in the Ad. Bldg.
Buses will be provided in front of the
Bldg. on State St. to take you to the
Stadium or Yost Field House to join
the procession and to take the place
assigned to you on stage, as directed
:.: