u 4r Aridiigatt aiy
Seventieth Year
EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIvERsrTY of MlCHIAN
UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARDI N CONTROL Of STUDENT PUBLICATIONS
STUDENT PUBLICATIONs BDG. * ANN ARBOR, MICH. * Phone NO 2-3241
hen Opinions Are Free
Truth Will Prevail"
Smoke-Filled Room-1960
AT RACKHAM:
Performance Lacks'
Brilliance
IN THE CONCERT field, pianists are most abundant and it seems that
every civic concert series bills at least one, often more than one,
program of piano music.
The public (the general public, that is) is not overly familiar with
the harpsichord and the skill required to play the instrument.
Last night in Rackham Lecture Hall, the Ann Arbor public (quite
a large showing) heard a program of harpsichord music. Mme. Alice
Ehlers played forty-five minutes of Bach and Haydn and left the audi-
Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.
[URSDAY, MARCH 24, 1960
NIGHT EDITOR: NAN MARKEL
South Africa in Turmoil:
Prelude to a Disaster
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SOUTH AFRICANS who have held f&rm to the
rigid segregation policy of "apartheid" for
over 50 years are eager to isolate their problem
from the rest of the world's racial difficulties.
Their attitude has been one of open antag-
onism toward those who even hinted that it
might be time for the Union to do something
about the legalized concept of White Suprem-
acy.. The South African delegation to the
United Nations walked out twice when attempts
were made to bring up issues dealing with the
isolation of the black man.
The feelings of the staunch devotees of
apartheid has been equally malicious toward
any idea concerning the development of viable
states north of the Union. An educator for a
college in South Africa who visited Ann Arbor
last spring conveyed this impression quite
graphically. He spoke with disdain about some
of the Negro "African leaders" who were trying
to stir up a largely apathetic native population.
He further emphasized the whites desire for
isolation by pointing out that you can't talk
about the Union until you have lived there"
and that the apartheid policy would ultimate-
ly be best for the Bantu (pure Negro) and
mixed colored (mulatto) groups.
IN SOUTH AFRICA, that man who believes in
education for the black man would be called
a liberal. Those who toe the line marked out
by such strong national leaders as the late
Premier Danial Malan and the present Prime
Minister Henrik F. Verwoerd would have fav-
ored more restrictive action.
As an example, the apartheid advocates have
worked to isolate the Bantu and coloreds in re-
serves which would circle the country. The re-
serves are composed almost entirely of land
Contamination
SOUTHAFRICA is not going to get tele-
vision because it would undermine and
destroy the white man's rule here, the
Minister of Posts and Telegraphs, Dr.
Albert Hertzog, said yesterday.
Hertzog told the senate: "The whites
can maintain the position of rulership
only if they remain superior to the non-
whites. This cannot be achieved if such
bad influences as television and all its
accompanying evils are allowed to con-
taminate our young people who'll be
leaders of the country in the future."
He's right--It mixes black and white in
a very small area.
P. D. S.
which would be useless for farming and is al-
most devoid of valuable mineral resources.
Termed "Bantustans" the reserves would take
blacks out of the cities, away from the rich in-
dustrial areas and generally retard their de-
velopment, by placing them on an almost sub-
sistence level.
Ostensibly these Bantustans would provide
separate but equal facilities. In reality, they
fall far short of that level of segregated ideal-
ism. Yet the leaders stand by the plan as they
still favor the identification pass system which
is the basis for the most recent violent out-
bursts in the Union.
The reactionary heads of government main-
tain an identification system which was insti-
tuted in 1907 to keep the black man out of the
cities. There has been opposition to it before
but it has been relatively minor compared to
Monday's outburst which shocked the entire
world.
FOR WHAT STARTED as a peaceful demon-
stration by the Pan-African Congress react-
ing against the required pass book, has been
turned into a demonstration of government
brutality. An "uneasy truce" has only developed
because of rigid police control and it appears
that explosive reactions could suddenly develop
elsewhere in the Union. Incidents could also
occur in response to other restrictions hinging
on the question of individual rights.
In the recent swing toward self-determina-
tion for the darker peoples of Africa, the Union
has been unique. They have resisted the move-
ments toward independence of the colored be-
cause they fear a weakening of their own su-
perior racial position.
They had hoped to remain isolated from the
political activity occurring elsewhere on the
continent. The violence associated with the
pass issue clearly points out that the Union
cannot stifle the black man's desire for expres-
sion and ultimate right to self-determination.
IT SEEMS obvious that the white man's fu-
ture is severely limited as the ruling class in
all parts of sub-sahara Africa. South Africans
may be convinced that they can forestall this
trend, but the recent outbreak along with the
vast number of "incidents" contradicts any
idea of this nature.
At present rate, experts predict that in 10
to 20 years there will be a "violent explosion"
which will finally settle the race question in
South Africa. Hopeful signs of realistic leader-
ship have brightened the outlook somewhat.
But if the present situation is an example of
how South Africa faces the future, then only
the worst possible outcome can unfortunately
be expected.
-CHARLES KOZOLL
111 NI
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ence in a peculiar state: is she a
Ehlers has a grand reputation as
both a teacher and a lecturer but
I do believe she is no performer.
THE PROGRAM was originally
Scheduled to include the "Italian
Concerto" by J. S. Bach but due
to Mme. Ehlers health, this por-
tion of the program was omitted.
The opening "Concerto in D
minor" by the above master was
quite disappointing.
The sounds which were regis-
tered from the instrument were
completely mechanical. There was
no sense of phrasing and even
though the harpsichord does not
produce the sonorities of the pian-
oforte, it seems as though some-
thing could be done to make the
tone more pleasing. The last move-
ment (which is one of Glenn
Gould's favorites, by the way) left
much to be desired.
Missing a note here and there
is excusable, but when phrase end-
ings and brilliant broken-octave
passages approach inaudibility, the
performer needs to be repri-
manded.
The J. C. Bach "Concerto in B-
fiat Major" was somewhat more
enlightening, but the closing "Con-
certo in D Major" by F. J. Haydn
which requires a vital set of fingers
and a supersensitive touch in the
second movement led me to be-
lieve that Mme. Ehlers would be
far better off if she stuck to lec-
turing on "The Art of Playing the
Harpsichord."
* * *
THE ORCHESTRA was superb.
The strings blended beautifully in
the two Bach concerti and the
Haydn, with the addition of two
horns and two oboes was remark-
ably .sonorous. Professor Josef
Blatt deserves the laurels in this
performance and the tempi which
he established, incidentally, were
chosen as his perogatives.
It is a shame th~at Mmne. Ehlers
had to establish her own at her
every entrance.
This disturbed the ensemble im-
mensely.
I am all for programming more
harpsichordists and a few less
pianists (retaining Dame Myra
Hess and Glenn Gould) but why
not recruit genuine performers?
I am sure Ralph Kirkpatrick
would leave us in ecstasy.
-Karen McCann
fine performer or is she not? Miss
INTERPRETING:
merica
InAfrica
By J. M. ROBERTS
Associated Press News Analyst
HE UNITED STATES, a great
democracy which has not yet
solved its own racial problems, Is
moving directly, deliberately and
at some risk into the African po-
litical picture.
Tuesday's denunciation of the
killing of Negro demonstrators in
South Africa is far more than a
mere expression of traditional
American resentment against bru-
talization of a submerged people
by a minority government.
State Department experts have
been looking toward Africa with
deep concern for a long time:
They have hesitated about saying
anything because it involved in-
tervention in the affairs of an-
other nation, but also because of
South Africa's position in the
worldwide front of free and non-
communist nations.
They have realized that such
intervention would also re-em-
phasize the colored world's al-
ready intense attention to this
country's own racial problems.
THE SOUTH AFRICAN explo-
sion-comes at a time when there
was already concern about the
effects abroad of wholesale arrests
of Negro demonstrators in the
South, and particularly of the
pictures of the Orangeburg, S. C.
police stockade after one such
event.
But it also comes at a time
when the United States already
was aware that the time for in-
action had ended. And at a time
when African nationalist leaders
are beginning to show some ap-
preciation of the American effort
to move in a direction opposite to
that of South Africa.
Soviet Russia has been showing
special interest in Africa. A small
ideological campaign, which in-
eluded the luring of African stu-
dents from British and European
universities to the International
Communist University at Prague,
has given way to more direct ef-
forts at political and econon1p
penetration.
* * *
WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND:
Job Given to Lameduck
By DREW P'EARSON
WASHINGTON -- A lameduck
congressman turned up in the
office of State Department expert
Arthur Richards the other day.
He was unshaven and a bit
bleary-eyed. Yet he wais reporting
for duty as a full-fledged member
of the United States delegation to
the United Nations "Law of the
Sea" conference in Geneva.
The lameduck congressman was
Edward T. Miller, Republican,
from the eastern shore of Mary-
land, defeated in 1958, and since
then looking for a way to get
back to Congress.
Through the intervention of
Vice-President Nixon, Miller fin-
ally got a job as a United States
delegate to the important Law of
the Sea conference-as a buildup
for his next campaign.
This conference is dealing,
among other things, with the vital
question of the three-mile limit
which the United States claims
should be the extent of offshore
water over which any nation can
exercise jurisdiction. Russia on
the other hand claims 12 miles.
The United States is vigorously
opposed to this on the ground
that a 12-mile limit would close
116 international straits and
waterways now open to all na-
tions.
HEADING this delicate negoti-
ation for the - United States is
Arthur Dean, law partner of the
late John Foster Dulles, who also
handled our delicate truce .nego-
tiations in Korea. Assisting him
is Arthur Richards, with 31 years
experience in the State Depart-
ment.
When the United States delega-
tion was being made up, Nixon,
intervening through the White
House, wanted ex - congressman
Miller to get the No. 2 post in-
stead of Richards. But Dean re-
fused. He wanted an expert sit-
ting at his side, not an ex-Con-
gressman with no experience in
sea law who has not been missed
in the Congress since his defeat.
In Congress, Miller voted
against Eisenhower on scientific
aid to education, but for the
rivers and harbors pork-barrel bill
and for subsidies for airlines. He
also got generous campaign con-
tributions from many big busi-
ness executives, most of them far
removed from Maryland.
Finally, thanks to Nixon' in-
sistence, Miller was included in
the United States delegation with
the high-sounding title of vice-
chairman. He spent part of his
time before departure for Geneva
taking up the time of other dele-
gates inquiring about hotels, res-
ervations, and the amount of
money he would be paid daily for
expenses.
(Copyright 1960, by the Bell syndicate)
To The Edito
Letters to the Editor must be signed and limited to 300 words. The Daily
reserves the right to tdit or withhold any letter.
.
TODAY AND TOMORROW
Adenauer in Washington
By WnALE RrLIPMANNi
Signs of the Times
At the State Legislature*...
AFTER HIS TALKS with the President, Mr.
Adenauer said in a speech before the Na-
tional Press Club that one sentence in the of-
fcial joint statement "contains the basis for
the West's attitude toward Khrushchev's de-
mands with regard to Berlin and it is therefore
of decisive importance in the present situa-
tion." Dr. Adenauer asked us to read this sen-
tence "most carefully."
What does the sentence, which is of such
decisive importance, say? It says that the Pres-
ident and the Chancellor "agreed that the
preservation of the freedom of the people of
West Berlin, and their right of self-determina-
tion, must underlie any future agreement af-
fecting the city." Any future agreement. If
that sentence is as important as Dr. Adenauer
says it is, the President and he are agreed that
there may be a new settlement in Berlin,
which protects its freedom and its right of
self-determination. It means, moreover, that
they can imagine an agreement on Berlin made
before the reunification of Germany. It means,
moreover, that they are not committed to in-
sisting that the freedom and the right of self-
determination of West Berlin can be protected
only by the maintenance of the status quo.
IF THE SPIRIT and the letter of the Eisen-
hower-Adenauer statement express the au-
thentic considered view of the Chancellor, then
he has been misrepresented in this country by
his most ardent supporters. They have been
telling us that there should be no negotiations
about West Berlin, that any future agreement
would be appeasement a surrender to the So-
viet Union. They have been insisting that the
face of the free world depends upon revoking
the promise made at Camp David to negotiate
about Berlin.
They have, it appears now from the official
record, been more royalist than the king, more
Adenauer than Adenauer himself.
What happened, quite evidently, is that the
Chnncellor failed to persuade the President to
consider and, if posible, to negotiate the new
settlement. This is all that the British govern-
ment and all that the American critics of
Adenauer's rigidity, have ever wanted to do,
THE PRESIDENT has refused to tie his
hands and he has preserved intact his
right to explore the problem of the future of
Berlin. Will this mean that in admitting that
there is a problem of Berlin and that he is
prepared to discuss it with Khrushchev, he is
weakening the Western position? It will look
that way to some. But on the whole, he will
not, I believe, weaken the Western position and
rather he will reinsure it for the future.
Because I am convinced that time is not on
our side in West Berlin, I believe we should
attempt now to negotiate a new settlement
which protects the freedom of West Berlin. Mr.
K. may refuse to agree to such a settlement.
It would not surprise me at all. But our diplo-
matic position in Europe and in the rest of the
world will be stronger if we have attempted to
make it and if we have identified ourselves
with a genuine attempt to reach an accommo-
dation in Berlin,
IERE ARE TWO main reasons why I think
the Western position in Berlin will not grow
stronger. The first is that Eastern Germany is
playing an increasingly important role in the
upsurge of the Communist economy. It is sig-
nificant, as Flora Lewis reported in "The New
York Times" on Sunday, that the migration
from West Germany to East Germany is now,
half as large as the migration the other way.
That reflects the rising economic levels in East-
ern Germany.
The stronger the East Germany economy be-
comes, the more difficult and the more distant
will be its integration with Western Germany.
THE SECOND reason for wishing to see a
serious negotiation about Berlin in the near
Dishwater
To the Editor:
COM.E NOW,. lets be fair. The
professors and Doctors of Ed-
ucation have a difficult job. In
order to certify teachers accord-
ing to the niggling requirements
of our omniscient state legisla-
tures, the School of Education
must inflate "How To Teach"
(which any dunderhead could
hardly fail to absorb after twen-
ty-odd years of being taught)
into twenty credit hours of the
perfectly obvious.
The process of being certified
to teach in our public schools is
warranted to weed out any indi-
vidual with originality, r intelli-
gence, low tolerance for time-
wasting, and antipathy for boot-
licking, to use the cleaner phrase.
How come? Who has sewed up
the profession in this straitjacket
of idiotic requirements? Ask
most hardworking teachers what
good their courses in "Adolescent
Psychology" have been when it
comes to spoonfeeding the indif-
ferent and unmotivated American
teenager textbook propaganda for
The American Way of Life or
other such pap? Common sense
and bitter experience make good.
teachers, not "The High School
Curriculum" and "Teaching Meth-
ods in Good Citizenship."
NO, I DON'T think the working
teachers set these requirements.
Administrators and Professional
Educators bring organzied pres-
sure to bear on the lawmakers to
insure that nobody will become a
teacher who will not fully co-
operate with the Administration
in every way. If you 'can stomach
twenty hours of educational dish-
water without vomiting, why
you're the right type. Not to men-
New Books at Library
Bischof, Werner - The World
of Werner Bischof; NY, Dutton
Co., 1959.
Tlr-.np 711. __ V' P s a T M
tion these indices of conformity;
the personality tests, the little
essays about "My Life" and "Why
I Want to Teach," ad tedium.
What has happened to the fine
old revolutionary traditions of
this nation? Why do we submit
unresisting to the ponderous ten-
tacles of the bureaucracy? Who
dares to suggest that Ed school
is a waste of time? Who will hold
up his head and protest, without
fear of reprisal (lower grades,
the lukewarm recommendation)
and sign his name to it? Not me.
-Name Withheld by Request
TO MEET THIS, the United
States has decided to move di-
rectly into African political af-
fairs, through aid to emerging
nationalist governments in de-
veloping their own self-governing
talents along democratic lines.
The African revolution, in-
volving as it does the speciatl
interests of some of this country's
most important allies,, promises to
be a headache for years to come.
The United States has decided
that, if the new countries now
emerging are ever to be her
friends, the foundations must be
laid n)ow,
'DAILY, OFFICIAL BULLETIN
(Continued from Page 2)
are now available by mail order. $1.50,
1.10, 75c. send check, payable to Play
Production, to PLAYbill, Mendelssohn
Theatre. Ann Arbor, with self-addressed
stamped envelope. Express first, second,
and third performance preferences. Box
office opens Monday, April 4, 10 a.m.
Today at 4:10 p.m. the Department of
Speech will present Michael de~heide-
rode's "Escurial" in the Arena Theatre,
Frieze Building. No admission will be
charged.
Reading improvement Classes. Reg-
istration for the April series of'7-week
reading classes will be held Tues., April
5 from 8:00 to 12:00 and from 1:00 to
5:00 in Room 524 of the University Ele-
mnentary School. For further informa-
tdon, call university ext. 648. Registra-
tion will take one-half hour.
Concerts
Concert. The Lamoureaux Orchestra
of Paris, under its conductor, Igor Mar-
kevitch, will give the fifth concertin
this season's Extra Concert Series, to-
night, in Hill Aud., at 8:30. The fol-
lowing program will be presented: Sym-
phony No. 2 (Gounod); Hymne (Mes-
siaen); "Daphnis et Chloe" Suite (Rav-
el) ; and the Berlioz Symphonie Fan-
tastique.
Tickets are on sale during the day
at the offices of the University Musical
Society in Burton Tower; and will also
be on sale at the Aud. box office on the
night of the concert after 7:00 p.m.
Relationship with Biology In General"
on Thurs., March 24; at 7:30 p.m. In
Aud. C.
Guest Lecturer: Jorn Thiel will lec-
ture on the topic "The Use of Audio-
Visual Techniques in Music Education
in Germany" in Aud. A on Thurs.,
March 24, at 4:15 p.m. Open to the
general public.
Illustrated Lecture: "The Beginning
of Islamic Art" by Dr. Henri Stern, Mai-
tre at the Centre National de Ia Recher-
che Scientifique, Paris, now at the In-
stitute for Advanced Study, Princeton.
New Jersey, Thurs., March 24, at 4:15
p.m., Room 203, Tappan Hall.
Bernard Lewis, Chairman, History De-
partment, School of Oriental and Afri-
can Studies, University of London, will
speak on "The. Ottoman Archives, In
Istanbul: A source for Middle Eastern
and European History" on Thurs., March
24 at 4:10 p.m. in Aud. C.
Lecture by Dr. C. Starke Draper, di-,
rector of the instrumentation labora-
tory, Massachusetts Institute of Tech-
nology on "Guidance for Modern ve-
hicles." Thurs., March 24, at 3:30 p.m.
in Cooley Memorial Aud., North Cam-
pus. Also Fri., March 25.
Lecture: Donald L. Keene, Prof. of
Japanese, Columbia University, will
speak on "Modern Japanese Literature"
at 4:15 p.m., Fri., March 25, in Room
411 Mason Hall.
Academic Notices
Seminar in Mathematical Statistics!
'Will, - Tr.M ,, h24 a. 4 4.m.