RESIDENCE HALLS:
SOMETHING WRONG?
flee Page
4t
Seventieth Year of Editorial Freedom
4jjatj.
CLOUDY, SNOW
High--34
Low-24
Increasing cloudiness,
light snow flurries.
VOL. LXX, No. 122
ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, WEDNESDAY, MARCH 23, 1960
FIVE CENTS
SIX I
_ __
Expect
Reaction
to
Rio"
As
67 Die
in
South Afric
4~
-Daily-David Giltrow
GOP CONTENDERS--Rep. George Sallade and Sen. Edward Hutchinson face each other as they will
undoubtedly face each other in the fall primary for the Republican Lieutenant-Governor nomination.
The candidates spoke before the University Young Republicans Club meeting last night, engaging in
a lively and heated debate which showed that both men were ready for the campaign battle.
Can didates vidence Ri fts
I
By PHILIP SHERMAN
Rep. George Sallade (R - Ann
Arbor) and Sen. Edward Hutchin-
son (R-Fennvile) last night seized
on the issue of local election of
mine inspectors in the Upper Pen-
Binleyalls
,
Lan Drops
DiSService
Schools dropping the National
Defense Education Act loan pro-
gram due to the loyalty require-
met are "doing their :students a
disservice," Assistant Dean of Men
John Bingley said recently.
Despite any undesirability of the
affidavit, he continued, dropping
the loans is not justified because
the schools may have difficulty1
replacing money available through
the NDEA program. '-
Bingley noted, however, that the
affidavit requirement was a "hang-
over from the McCarthy era," and
probably will not help to control
Communism.
He said he agrees with Univer-
sity President Harlan Hatcher's
statement that the loyalty oath
problem should be approached
through an organization such as
the American Assodiation of Uni-
versities, rather than the actions
of the individual institutions.
The recent publicity given the
loyalty oath may be sufficient to
cause the affidavit's repeal. A bill
for this purpose was killed in Con-
gress last summer.
The University loaned about
$300.000 in NDEA funds to 386
students between July 1 and Oct.
31. Ten per cent of this money
came from the University and the
rest from the federal government.
Under the program, qualified
students may borrow as much as
$1,000 a year for up to five years.
The loyalty oath which must be
signed by any student receiving
NDEA funds reads: "I do solemnly
swear that I do not believe in and
am not a member and do not
support any organization that be-
lieves in or teaches, the overthrow
of the United States government
by force or violence or by illegal
or unconstitutional methods."
Airways Head
Holds Parley
With Airlines
WASHINGTON (MP - Govern-
ment officials conferred yesterday
with makers and users of Electra
turboprop airliners-the type that
crashed last week in Indiana-but
reported no conclusions.
E. R. Quesada, Chairman of the
Federal Aviation Agency, an-
nounced only that the meeting
"will assist us materially in de-
veloping an appropriate action."
There was no indication of
whether or when any action would
be taken.
Quesada, whose agency two days
ago imposed speed limits on Elec-
tras, had called the meeting. It
was attended by about 60 repre-
sentatives of the FFA, Civil Aero-
nautics Board, National Aeronau-
insula to demonstrate their es-
sential political differences.
The two candidates for the GOP
nomination for Lieutenant-Gov-
ernor met in a debate sponsored
by the University Young Republi-
cans Club.
Hutchinson brought up the in-
spectors' issue first, and charged
Sallade's vote for switching their
appointment from local elections
to state labor department action
meant Sallade was for centraliza-
tion of government. He feels a
strong local governmental system
is necessary and desirable.
Sallade replied he hated "to
think that the future of local gov-
ernment in Michigan depends on
mine inspectors." But he attacked
Hutchinson "for approaching any
governmental question with the
amount of inflexibility" that his
dictum about local government
strength implies.
Need Rigorous Inspection
Sallade said the particular meas-
ure was prompted by need for more
rigorous inspection than locally-
elected officials could provide. He
added that a similar move was
made when locally elected coro-
ners were replaced with medical
examiners.
He added that Republicans' posi-
tions on such issues, in addition
to larger ones such as taxation and
constitutional reform, "demon-
strate what the party hasn't had
and what it must have if it is to
survive."
Sallade and Hutchinson also
clashed on the issue of state ex-
penditures.
Hutchinson claimed "George is
pretty much of a spender," and
countered his view with a belief
"that government has to live with-
in its income . , . that there will
be a day of reckoning."
Pay-as-You-Go Basis
Hutchinson thinks the state
should operate on a pay-as-you-
go basis. Since it is impossible to
project more than a few years
ahead, budget programs should beI
aimed to balance within the limit-
ed period.
Hutchinson is willing to see in-
creases in state expenditures, but
adds the increases must be no
larger than increases in the state's
economy.
He favors a sales tax boost which
if not a "cure-all" will "enable us
to get along for a few years."
Sallade said he is for a vote on
the sales tax boost, and considers
it a "noteworthy personal triumph
that my colleague Senator from
Rennville admits that a sales tax
is not final."
He attacked Hutchinson's posi-
tion on higher education appro-
priations. He questioned Hutchin-
son's negative vote on the recent
$15 million capital outlay pro-
grams which give buildings to the
state's major universities.
Runoff Set
For Todayv
Joint Judiciary Council will hold
the new elections for literary col-
lege senior class president and
vice-president today in front of
the Undergraduate Library and
Mason Hall.
Those running for president are
Richard A. Gavril, Michael J. Gil-
man, Donald G. Linker, Richard
E Meyer and Robert J. Vollen,
Joint Judic Chairman Michael
Sklar, '60, said.
The candidates for vice-presi-
dent are Ronald M. Greenberg,
Lawrence May and Robert A.
Wood.
Only literary college second-
semester juniors, first-semester
seniors, and other 1961 graduates
may vote in the election, Sklar
said.
Irregularities in voters' qualifi-
cations were the reason the Joint
Judic called the new election to
replace that held last Wednesday.
Bretton Says
Riots Related
To Picketing
Protests Expected
In Other Cities Soon
By SANDRA JOHNSON
"Just as the Negroes in the
southern United States have cho-
sen to concentrate their protests
on discrimination at lunch count-
ers, the natives of South Africa
are attacking the pass system."
After making this statement yes-
terday, Prof. Bretton of the politi-
cal science departmentwent on
to explain, "Both groups were at-
tempting to stage peaceful demon-
strations, but those in Africa be-
came uncontrolled."
For the past two days rioting has
broken out near Johannesburg in
South Africa, as a result of the
African Congress-sponsored cam-
paign against passes.
Tells of Passes
According to Prof. Bretton,
"These passes are a sort of identi-
fication paper that must be carried
by all black or "native" Africans.
They may be compared to the yel-
low stars that the Nazis forced the
Jews to wear during their regime
in Germany."
"Not only Negroes, but any per-
sons who are considered undesir-
able by the government and who
can be proved to have any Negro
ancestors may be required to carry
these passes," Prof. Bretton point-
ed out.
"The primary purpose of these
passes," Bretton explained, "is to
facilitate the control of the white
minority over the black majority,
Police Measure
"Although the pass system is a
police measure, the bearers of
these passes are required to show
them when they apply for jobs,
and when they want to be ad-
mitted to various restricted areas.
"The native Africans, repre-
sented by the African Congress,
among others, are protesting that
passes are undignified.
"Protests such as these must
be expected to occur in all cities.
of South Africa, not just Johan-
nesburg and Sharpesburg. The
vast recesses and slums of the
cities are perfect breeding grounds
for 'subversive' organizations of
this type.
Control Difficult
"The difficulty of effective police
control in these areas is another
essential factor," he said.
"So far it is only in these 'dark
corners' of the nation," Prof. Bret-
ton added, "that 'subversive' or-
ganizations have had enough free-
dom to gain strength; their senti-
ments however are shared by all
oppressed Africans."
MUELLER, SLAUGHTER ALSO NAMED:'
Trost Elected JFC President
By VANCE INGALLS
At last night's Fraternity Presi-
dent's Assembly, Jon Trost, '61,a
Sigma Chi, was elected Interfra-
,ternity Council President, succeed-k
ing James Martens, '60BAd.
Howard Mueller, '61E, Phi Gam-
ma Delta, took the post of Execu-
tive Vice-President with no op-M
position, since W-a 11 a c e Sagen-
dorph, '61, nominated for presi-
dent ,elected not to run for an
alternate post.
The other new officers are:1
Gary Slaughter, '61,Sigma Alpha!
Epsilon, Administrative Vice-j
President; John Richards, '61BAd,
Sigma Phi, Secretary; Charles:
Matthews, '61, Phi Kappa Psi,
Treasurer.
Widesprear
Discuss Bias
Debate at the meeting centered
around the nominees' positions in
regard to the Miller-Haber reso-
lution before Student Government
Council. Since the resolution deals
with the problem of discrimina-
tion in student organizations, the
fraternity presidents urged the
candidates to make their feelings
clear concerning the proposal.
"The intent of the proposal is
basically good, Trost commented.
"The procedure used, in particu-
lar the proposed affidavit, still
needs work," he added, "and I feel
IFC should work cordially with
SGC on the matter." Trost empha-
sized the need of "mutual concern
and co-operation" between the
bodies, "in its entire scope and im-
plications."
"A number of the newly-elected
SGC members are affiliated with
fraternities," Trost c o n t I n u e d,
"but their positions on the propo-
sal will not necessarily reflect
this."
Needs Recognition
Noting that IFC would have to
recognize that SGC does have the
jurisdiction and prerogative to
bring the issue to a head, Trost
said pressure through IFC and
representatives at fraternity na-
tional conventions would be used
to bring about the necessary
changes to settle the issue of dis-
crimination.
Citing the problem of rush as
the second major problem to come
before IFC in the near future,
Trost felt improvements were
necessary in the program, but
that a workable solution had yet
to come before IFC.
Trost indicated that co-opera-
tion between the rush chairman,
committee chairman, and Fratern-
ity Presidents Assembly c o u I d
would be "easiest to carry out,"
bring about a program which
and yet "the best and most real-
istic" they could get.
Destruction
-Daily-Henry Yee
IFC LEADERS-John Trost, center, was elected Interfraternity
Council President by the Council last night. His two top assist-
ants, Howard Mueller and Gary Slaughter, were tapped for the
positions of Executive and Administrative Vice-Presidents, respec-
tively.
UNAUTHORIZED FLIGHTS:
U.S. Pro~bes Charges'
Of Cuban Air Violations
a
IMPORTANT MEXICAN DISCOVERIES:
'U' Student Explores Mayan Civilization
WASHINGTON (M)- A United
States spokesman said yesterday a
government - wide investigation is
being made into the operations
over Cuba of two American pilots.
In Havana, government radio
stations said the incident gave
fresh evidence of aggression from
To Conduct
SGC Ballot
By CAROLINE DOW
John Feldkamp, '61, Student
Government Council president, has
been re-nominated for the Council
presidency for tonight's election of
SGC officers.
Council members will choose
four new officers from among the
elected members of the body:
president, executive and adminis-
trative vice-presidents and treas-
urer. Feldkamp's is the only nomi-
nation yet turned in, but nomina-
tions are open until the election.
Motions concerning discrimina-
tion picketing support and con-
sideration of the University's pres-
ent alcohol regulations are also on
the agenda.
To Present Motions
Al Haber, '60, will present two
motions proposing that SGC give
its official support and endorse-
ment to the direct non-violent ac-
tion taken against The Cousins
Shop on State Street and the local
branches of the S. S. Kresge and
F. W. Woolworth chains.
The Ann Arbor Human Rela-
tions Commission stated in a re-
cent report filed with the City
Council that The Cousins Shop
had refused to serve a Negro cus-
tomer. The Kresge and Woolworth
national chaiins have stated that
they will continue segregated poli-
cies in the South in accordance
with local custom.
SGC consideration of present
drinking regulations with the pos-
sibility of seeking a relaxation of
prezant rules will be suggested by
Boren Chertkov, '60.
A three-member committee will
ho rhnU.V, 4to ra O~ flt n-igrrimi_.
14 By JOHN ROBERTS
In the jungles of South Mexico and Yucatan are found the ruins
of a once-flourishing civilization.
The Maya Indians, unique among the early empires as the only
only to take root in such diverse surroundings, developed their sci-
ences of astronomy and mathematics to a remarkable degree, and
alone among primitive peoples seem to have recognized the antiquity
of the universe.
But this civilization has long since vanished, leaving a wealth
of unanswered questions. What are the meanings of the wierd hiero-
glyphs found on Mayan temples? Was this civilization the cradle
of the human race, the Garden of Eden? And finally, what factors
brought about the decline of this people, causing them to melt back
into the jungle with scarcely a trace?
Studies Mayas
A contribution toward the better understanding of these problems
may have been made by a University student late last year. John
Milton, '6lNR, spent last semester studying the Mayas at Mexico City
College. Together with a companion from the University of Oregon,
they launched an expedition into the jungle; the result of this "ama-
teur" exploration was discovery of some of the most important relics
to come to light in recent years.
Chief among the ruins was one large temple. the first ever
discovered with murals on the outside walls. Normally, Milton ex-
plains, the heavy rainfall of the region destroys exposed artwork, and
in fact only one other mural-found on the interior of a temple south
of his find-has survived.
Commenting on the alleged grotesqueness of Mayan painting,
the United States against the re-
gime of Prime Minister Fidel
Castro.
Cuban officials said the two
Americans, Howard Louis Rund-
quist of Miami and William J.
Shergales of West Hollywood,
Fla., were captured while they
were trying to remove a Cuban
war criminal to refuge in the
United States. Cuban Army gun-
fire forced down their small plane.
Details Not Known
State Department Press Officer
Lincoln White told a news con-
ference yesterday afternoon "we
do notsas yet have full details of
the case."
"The United States Government
is pushing an inquiry to collect all
the facts," he said, adding that it
is a "government-wide investiga-
tionJ'
Officials said that if the investi-
gation showed the accusations
against the aircraft and the two
Americans were correct, an apol-
ogy from the United States to
Cuba would be forthcoming.
Both the Immigration Service
and the Federal Aviation Agency
said they are attempting to find
out if Rundquist filed any kind
of fitght plan anywhere in Florida
before taking off for Cuba, as
present regulations require.
Neutrality Plan
In a broad plan for maintaining
this country's neutrality in rela-
tion to Cuba, Attorney General
William P. Rogers last November
announced that the Immigration
Service had assigned more than
100 inspectors to Florida's almost
200 air fields in an effort to pre-
vent unauthorized flights from the
United States to Cuba "by persons
whose departure would be pre-
Judicial to the interests" of this
country.
As a result, all non-scheduled
flights from Florida in the direc-
tion of Cuba require specific ap-
proval by Immigration Commis-
sioner Joseph M. Swing.
FAA Regulations
As a part of this program, FAA
issued regulations requiring any-
one intending to operate a civil
aircraft into or over Cuba to file
at least one hour before departure
a written flight plan, detailing
Pass System Said
To Spark Uprising
In Johannesburg
JOHANNESBURG, .P)-Th(
ands of Negroes were expecte(
refuse to go to their jobs to
in the aftermath of two day
rioting against South Afri
white supremacy laws.
Hundreds of nonwhites "mi
plain they were ready to m
into police stations and be
rested for not possessing pa
they are required to carry
and night.
d Worldwide criticism of
deaths of 67 Negroes killed by
lice bullets in the riots sp
the government to review the
plosive crisis.
Official reports set the numl
of wounded in the riots at
But unofficial tabulations
the figures for dead and woun
somewhat higher.
White authorities blamed A
can nationalist agitators for f
ning what had been planned
peaceful demonstration aga'
the pass laws into violent
orders.
But the government said i
considering forming a comms
to investigate the u n d e r lyl
causes of unrest among the
tion's black population-
In yesterday's rioting, Negi
burned buildings near Cape To
then stoned firemen who fou
the fiamesr police fired on na
for the second day in a row.
Thousands of police enfo
an uneasy truce on the Ne
quarter of Sharpeville in the4
mining district south of Joham
burg. Sharpeville was the scen
Monday's major riot where
least 50 Negroes died.
In Cape Town, three wh
nurses said they were attac
near Langa by a mob of Negi
during Monday night's riot
The rioters stoned their auto1
bile and tried to drag them o
The crew of a passing fire tr
rescued the women and took t
to a hospital for treatment
minor injuries.
The new outbreaks centE
around the black settlement
Langa outside Cape Town, wi
at least six Negroes were ki
Monday.
During the night 'the blacki
Langa set fire to at least e
buildings including churches,
library, a recreation hall, a
ception center, an office bu
ing and Negro settlement wc
shops. Street-lights were smasi
The battle between the p
and the mobs was waged by
light of the fires and the perc
beams of armored car sear
lights.
The rioters first stoned the f
men, who retreated and retur
later under police escort to e
tine fighting the blazes.
U.S. Protests
Police Tactics
In South ArM
WASHINGTON (JP)-The Un
States yesterday condemned
lent measures used by police,
South Africa against Negro xx
protesting South African w
supremacy laws.
The action, an admitted hni
vention in the domestic affair
another country. seemed cei
to be strongly resented by
South African government.
It thus could complicate ter
tive plans by the United Sti
to fire an intercontinental mh
from Cape Canaveral, Fla., c
the South Atlantis to a tal
area in the southern India et
Since the missile would fly ,
South African territory, the SI
Department said yesterday So
fit,,.; ..:: , .t. .%t ?;f.>...... ....,..t +,+ .r.;',i..l' ,.''.' .. .3.. ... .,_. .. r 'r.' '^.'';if.,.