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EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNiVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
UNDEK AUTHORMTY OV BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS
Tere Opinions Are STUDENT PUBLICATIONS &MD., AOW ARBOR, MICH., PHONE NO 2-3241
Truth Will Prevail"
ditorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.
kY, AUGUST 30, 1963 NIGHT EDITOR: GERALD STORCH
1 A FACE IN THE CROWD
By RONALD WILTON, Editor
CHANGING TIMES:
Prognostication: Progress at the'U'
THE SHRINKING WORLD:
Off-Campus Events:
A Never Never Land?
HE CURRENT CRISIS in South Viet Nam
has the United States in an almost impossi-
e position. For several years, our policy has
en to'sink or swim with South Vietnamese
resident Ngo Dinh Diem. During that period,
e were barely treading water. Now we are
in down for the third time.
United States policy toward Diem is now
ing reconsidered. Officially, we blame the
cent demonstrations on Diem and his family.
'e do not call the army his accomplice. We
not call the Buddhist and student demon-.
rators Communists.
The United States hopes to imply American
pport for the army if it should decide to
ove against Diem. At the same time, the State
epartment is trying to combat the anti-Ameri-
m feeling among the Buddhists and students
'oused by the use of American military equip-
ent to suppress anti-government demonstra-
ns.
;UT OFFICIAL statements are not enough.
The American position in South Viet Nam
precarious; it demands immediate action,
At statements. The only way to keep the sit-
tion from collapsing on us is to halt Ameri-
n aid to Diem.
Aid began in I954 when Viet Nam was divid-
. into a Communist North and a Western-
tented South. The French, who had controlled
e whole country as a colony, pulled out. The
nited States undertook the responsibility of
aining and equipping the South Vietnamese
my.
This commitment grew until it included
nerican military advisers, necessitated by a
errilla war against the Viet Cong. This group,
timated at 30,000, is composed of North Viet-
xmese, South Vietnamese Communists and an
creasing number of anti-Diem South Viet-
,mese.
'HIS LAST GROUP was not among the orig-
inal members of the Viet Cong. It is a late
rival, alienated by the Diem family which
les the country as a personal fief. There
yve always been people who asserted the re-
ne was corrupt and anti-democratic; Wash-,
gton had always claimed ,that these charges
re exaggerated and, besides that, there was
body around to replace Diem.,Thus the sink
swim policy evolved.
N'ow, widespread opposition to Diem has
oken out all over the country. The crisis
irted last May when the president refused to
Buddhists fly their yellow religious flags
)m pagodas. The Buddhists, who make up 70
r cent of the country's population, charged
at this was one more in a long series of dis-
minatory actions against them by the Ro-
in Catholic Diem family and ruling elite.
rhey-claimed that Catholics received prefer-
tial treatment in army and government
omotions and that Catholic priests have spe-
,1 privileges. This last charge is not surpris-
i since Diem's cousin is the highest ranking
tholic church official in the country.
THE SUPPRESSION of Buddhist demonstra-
tions protesting the discrimination led a
73-year-old Buddhist priest to commit suicide
by setting fire to himself. As more demonstra-
tions occurred, Buddhists were beaten and ar-
rested. The number of suicides by self-burning
rose to five monks and a nun,
Last week, the conflict came to a head. More
than 1000 students demonstrating in favor of
the Buddhists were arrested and put in deten-
tion camps. The government declared martial
law and denounced both the student and
Buddhist demonstrators as Communist-inspir-
ed.
THISTIME the charge fell flat. Washington
voiced its strong disapproval of a govern-
ment to which it had given its unqualified sup-
port only a year ago. The reason for Washing-
ton's unhappiness is obvious. South Viet Nam is
considered the keystone in preventing South-
east Asia from falling to the Communists.
That the United States cannot support Diem
any longer is emphasized by the fact that anti-
American feeling in Viet Nam is also growing.
Diem's police use American weapons against the
demonstrators. They also use trucks bearing
the seal of the American Agency for Interna-
tional Development to carry demonstrators to
the detention camps.
If Diem stays in office and continues to
alienate the people, he will drive them into the
hands of the Viet Cong and Viet Nam will be
lost.
T HAS BEEN ARGUED that cutting off mili-
tary aid to Viet Nam would only help the
Viet Cong. It is true that the Vietnamese army
would be seriously hampered without it. Yet
this is precisely the situation that could pro-
duce a desirable change.
The army is definitely committed to fighting
the Viet Cong. Halting aid would force the army
to oust Diem and set up a civilian or military
government based on popular support. Once
this were done-and it could be done very
quickly with this kind of an incentive-military
aid could be resumed.
BY DELAYING any action until it reconsiders
its policy toward Diem, Washington is doing
itself nothing but harm. Every day Diem re-
mains in office, more and more people join the
Viet Cong; more and more American aid is used
to suppress demonstrations; and the secret po-
lice, commanded'by Diem's brother, has more
and more of an opportunity to track down and
eliminate any potential successor to Diem.
The United States should have abandoned,
its policy of supporting any anti-Communist
government no matter how undemocratic after
the Korean and Turkish revolutions three years
ago. Now a third opportunity presents itself.
The lights in the State Department will burn
through many a night while our policy toward
South Viet Nam is "reconsidered."
THE SOUTH VIETNAMESE may not be kind
enough to wait that long.
By GERALD STORCH
City Editor
THE UNIVERSITY of Michigan
is gradually becoming an ex-
citing place in which to experience
one's educational growth and so-
phistication.
Two or three years ago, things
were different. The only mental
stimulation and eloquence students
could turn to, aside from what-
ever they could derive from their
classroom work, was the product
of an intense and brilliant group
of campus liberals.
These students fed on three is-
sues-the House Un-American Ac-
tivities Committee, fraternity bias
and University paternalism-and
made them alive. Listening to them
speak and observing the heavy
campus debate made intellectual
issues for the first time become
relevant and meaningful for one's
own life and education.
At the same time, however, there
was the feeling that the Univer-
sity didn't give much of a damn
about its students-which, of
course, was the reason for most
of the critical questioning by the
liberal campus leaders.
TIMES HAVE CHANGED. The
past academic year saw the emer-
gence of first steps by the Univer-
sity to institute some significant
changes in its academic programs
and attitudes. True, much of it
'was reflex reaction to the loud and
often.-pointed criticisms of previous
years, but there was a decent
amount of initiative, too, parti-
cularly in the Office of Academic
Affairs.
So new issues have taken over,
academic as well as political.
HUAC apparently has resigned
from the motion picture business,
fraternities are scrambling over
one another to assure the com-
munity that they are against ra-
cial discrimination just like every-
:ne else, and the University has
been as unpaternalistic in almost
all areas as it thinks the public
will allow it to be.
The liberals will still have plenty
to do this year. The active partici-
pation of University students to
obtain a strong and effective fair
housing ordinance in Ann Arbor
undoubtedly will continue to flood
the Diag with posters, pickets and
pronunciations.
The probable signing of the test
ban treaty, however, might vitiate
some of the other political pro-
tests which occupied the campus
last year.
The most important local ques-
tions which are likely to fill
columns of sace in The Daily this
year are these: the proposed in-
residence literary college, the stu-
dent-faculty government experi-
ment, the workings of a less re-
strictive , speaker bylaw, and the
test of the true authority and in-
tentions of Student Government
Council.
* * *
NOWHERE IS THE SHIFT in
University atmosphere more aptly
demonstrated than in the resi-
dence college proposal, which will
be acted upon by the literary
college this fall after being draft-
ed by a professorial committee
last May.,
In essence, its aim is to link
more closely students' classroom
and non-classroom lives through
in-residence academic personnel,
holding classes within the living
unit and the adjustment of cur-
ricula to fit the college. The pro-
posal would try to instill a small-
college atmosphere within a large
university.
During the past year, the Uni-
versity carried out a pilot project
along these same lines in East
Quad and Mary Markley. In ad-
dition, the launching of coed hous-
ing, a much more diversified
choice of living arrangements for
women students in the Oxford
Road project and the hiring of a
director of housing (and making
that post a prestigious and highly
paid one, filled by an academically
oriented administrator) also point
up the University's attempts to
enrich students' non-classroom
existence.
* * *
ANOTHER undertaking worth
watching is the placement of two
students on each faculty com-
mittee of the University Senate,
the policy-discussion body for pro-
fessors. Proposed by SGC in a rare
display of unanimity and sub-
sequently approved by the Senate
Advisory Committee (which in ef-
fect runs the Senate), this experi-
ment hopefully will provide a
strong student voice in academic
Revolu
WE ARE gathered here in the
largest demonstration in the
history of this nation. Let the na-
tion and the world know the mean-
ing of our numbers. We are not a
presure group, we are not an or-
ganization or a group of organiza-
tions. We are not a mob. We are
the advance guard of a massive
moral revolution for jobs and free-
dom.
This revolution reverberates
throughout the land, touching
every city, every town, every vil-
lage where black men are segregat-
ed. onoressed and exploited.
policy debate and sharply increase
the contributions students can
make to the welfare of their Uni-
versity.
Student latitude has been ex-
tended in another direction-con-'
frontation with controversial
speakers. One year ago the Re-
gents adopted\a bylaw which was
billed as abolishing precensorship
of speeches by visiting lecturers
and encouraging "a spirit of free
inquiry," although they somehow
managed to include a clause which
bans speakers from advocating il-
legal actions.
In spite of the unfortunate
phraseology, however, the bylaw
does appear to be an improvement
(the previous one, after all, banned
speeches that advocated "conduct
which violates the fundamentals
of our accepted code of morals");
a Communist spoke here last
spring and there was no trouble.
This year, the Public Discus-
sion Committee, designed to fur-
ther the University's role as a
forum and arrange discussions "of
important and controversial social
issues," will go into effect.
A FOURTH AREA of wait-and-
see is just what SGC will do with
its power to withdraw recognition
from student organizations-a
power reaffirmed by the Regents
last spring in the light of a pros-
pective test lawsuit by six sorori-
ties.
The question here is no longer
affiliate bias; discriminatory
clauses have been eliminated, some
token cultural mixing has begun
and any discrimination now ap-
pears to be individual rather than
institutional,
Instead, the issue is one of SGC's
authority per se and whether it
should have power over student
organizations.
That right having been con-
firmed, the next step is for Coun-
cil to indicate just how far it is
willing to use it if necessary The
six sororities have refused to sub-
mit their criteria for membership
selection to SGC and whether any
serious punitive action will be tak-
en is still up in the air.
THERE ARE the major trends
in the University. In a n'utsnell,
here are some of the other de-
velopments likely for the coming
year:
-The Michigan Union and the
Women's League might merge
their governing boards as a first
step towards, a single, all-campus
student center. Eventually, the
Union will probably be expanded
and the League converted into an
academic office building.
-Gov. George Romney's glue-
ribbon citizens' committee on high-
er education will issue its first
manifesto this fall on the general
guidelines for future college ex-
pansion and programs in Michi-
gan.
-The University perennially
needs more money than it gets.
With a moderate Legislature this
year and with the state's economy
in decent shape, it may get more.
It is doubtful, however, if the Uni-
versity will be appropriated the
extra $1 million or so that it
needs for complete conversion to
year-round operations, so that a
token calendar adjustment will
probably remain in effect for some
time to come.
* * *
-THE OFFICE of Student Af-
fairs enters into its second year
without a dean of men and dean
of women (those posts were abol-
ished in the summer of '62). Al-
though some structural realign-
ments can be expected, there is
little hope that the OSA will re-
vise some of its repressive and un-
justified regulations that remain
such as women's hours (the Uni-
versity of Minnesota, for one, is
more liberal) and not allowing
students to view the personal
evaluations made of them by var-
ious counselors and dormitory per-
sonnel.
-The Center for Research on
Learning and Teaching, established
just last year, is expected to con-
tinue efforts to improve the cali-
ber of University instruction. Last
spring it conducted a series of
seminars in the Medical School on
the betterment of teaching tech-
niques there.
-The emphasis here on re-
search will continue to grow, and
will also continue to play the
starring role in the University's
PR efforts. In a year or two, in
fact, the University may be getting
more money from the federal gov-
ernment for sponsored research
than it gets in appropriations from
the state.
-Will the new Unite I States
National Student Association-run
bookstore here take away a lot of
business from the established
stores?
* , *
-JOINT Judiciary Council, with
some of its operational practices
cleaned up, will sprout its wings,
with a new constitution. A student
brought before it now has the
right to a public hearing and the
right to see written charges against
him; other changes were invoked
to adhere to due process.,
-Some initial steps may be
taken to beautify the campus
along the guidelines suggested in
a master-plan recently approved
by the Regents. People who have
seen some of the nation's other
large universities find this one
rather shabby-looking, and any
progress towards making it a co-
herent and esthetic architectural
assemblage would do much to en-
hance the academic atmosphere.
The education school, general-
ly considered one of the Univer-
sity's weakest academic units, will
continue its rather heated faculty
self-appraisal meetings. Several
technical changes in the school
were instituted last spring, and
such self-examination may well
result in more strengthening.
-The University will establish a
,ooperative program with Tuskegee
Institute. For some time now ad-
ministrators have been concerned
about the relatively low number of
Negroes on campus and will also
probably make more vigorous ef-
forts to recruit colored students.
* * *
THERE, IS one more trend ;in
the University which needs to be
mentioned. This trend itself will
not be reported in Daily headlines,
although some of its components
undoubtedly will be.
It is this: the University cur-
ricula are becoming tougher each
year. Incoming students are better
qualified and more intelligent than
the class above them, and the Uni-
versity is making corresponding
adjustments upward in its class
materials.
The academic pressure is be-
coming more strenuous each year.
There is less time for tomfoolery,
less time even for legitimate and
worthwhile campus activities. The
competition for grades is becom-
ing tougher and tougher and the
classroom work is becoming in-
creasingly intricate and challeng-
ing.
If not carried to crushing ex-
tremes, this, of course, is a won-
derful direction for the University
to be going in. It heralds a year of
initiative and innovation by the
University to maximize the impact
it can make to maturation and
self-development of its students.
By PHILIP SUTIN
National Concerns Editor
O THE AVERAGE University
student, the world away from
his classroom, apartment or fra-
ternity house and home town is a
misty never-never land with little
relevance to his life.
It produces a strange, some-
times exciting, but mostly dull pro-
gression of events that appears
on pages one and three of his
morning Daily or is briefly men-
tioned on one of the local radio
stations. Washington, Moscow or
Saigon seem far away; news from
there does not seem important.
But the world is shrinking.
American and Russian astronauts
have circled this planet in less
than 90 minutes. Hot lines link the
major capitals of the world, both
East and West, so that President
Kennedy can pick up the phone
and almost immediately confer
with Prime Minister Macmillan in
London. A teletype line now di-
rectly links the President and So-
viet Premier Khrushchev.
At a grass roots level, the peo-
ples of the world look to the Unit-
ed States for leadership. Events
in Washington, Birmingham or
Ann Arbor will bring a response
abroad. The United States is also
linked so closely to the rest of the
world that a riot in Saigon today
could bring troop mobilization to-
morrow.
THE UNIVERSITY does not
stand in an ivory tower. Its ad-
ministrators and many of its fac-
ulty are involved in projects that
will have a profound effect on its
students' future. These range from
seismic studies of underground nu-
clear explosions to campaigns
against automation-caused.job ob-
solescence.
Events in Washington have al-
most as much influence in shap-
ing the University as events in
Lansing. If current s p e n d i n g
trends continue, the federal gov-
ernment will eventually spend
more.on sponsored research, schol-
arship aid and, hopefully, general
education aid than the state does.
Federal funds largely finance the
expansion of North Campus and
the Willow Run research complex.
They also make a significant im-
pact on the social and life sciences.
Federal funds are not spent so
much to meet University needs as
to fill federal needs in defense
research and for trained manpow-
er.e Asthe world changes, these
needs change. As these needs'
change, so does the University.
How does the interrelationship'
between the University and events
elsewhere work? A look at a few
major issues will show a rather
tight fit.
* * *
CIVIL RIGHTS. The increasing
demand of Negro Americans for a
better place in society is reflected
in several ways in this interrela-
tionship. The University is seek-
ing with renewed urgency talent
among underprivileged youths,
largely Negro. New programs are
being considered to identify this
talent and to support and train it
here.
The University is helping Tuske-
gee Institute in Alabama to up-
grade its liberal arts program. It
will also have a role in President
Kennedy's crash vocational train,
ing program.
The debate over a fair housing
ordinance in Ann Arbor has al-
ready involved the University, with
its hundreds of non-white foreign.
students. A committee appointed
by University President Harlan
Hatcher pointed up massive flaws
in the draft ordinance and the Ann
Arbor City Council's fair housing
committee has heard the commit-
tee's recommendations.
The civil rights crisis will give
a new push to the Student Gov-
ernment Council drive to elimin-
ate discriminatory membership
clauses in fraternity and sorority
constitutions.
* * *
COLD WAR. Undoubtedly, radar
a n d photographic surveillance
techniques and equipment devised
by The Institute of Science and
Technology's Project'Michigan
helped United States intelligence
planes spot Soviet missiles in Cuba
and set off last fall's frightening
crisis. The $5 million-a-year proj-
ect is working to improve tech-
niques further. The University was
just awarded a $4.3 million con-
tract to build an infrared observa-
tory in Hawaii to conduct research
on infrared missile surveillance
techniques.
The Vela-Uniform Project of
IST's Acoustics and Seismics Lab-
oratory has devised means of dif-
ferentiating earthquakes from un-
,derground nuclear explosions.
These were studied at the Geneva
test ban conference and may have
given the United States confi-
dence to abandon demands for
controls on underground tests.
The University sponsored a ma-
jor conference on disarmament
last winter which included Russian
as well as Western speakers. The
conflict resolution center and sev-
eral members of the Mental Health
Research Institute are conducting
studies that could lay a foundation
for a disarmament treaty.
The Peace Corps conducted a
10 day intensive recruiting drive
here last May. Two contingents of
corpsmen now in Thailand trained
here.
* * *
FEDERAL SPENDING IN EDU-
CATION. The federal government
already is a large participant in
higher education although no fed-
eral aid to education bill has pass-
ed Congress. Most of its money
goes into specific research pro-
grams. The University is the fourth
largest' recipient of such federal
funds.
Other programs have expanded
medical research and training of
.,,scientists and mathematicians at
the undergraduate and graduate
levels. The National Science Foun-
dation is the federal government's
most education-oriented agency.
Changes in federal policy di-
rectly effect most graduate stu-
dents outside the humanities. Fail-
ure to renew or accept a research
contract or grant means the cur-
tailment or elimination of some
graduate studies in the physical
and life sciences.
** * *
AMERICAN SOCIAL PROB-
LEMS. The social work school is
embarking on -a long-term study
of juvenile delinquency both from
sociological and psychological view-
points. Dean William Haber of the
literary college has warned for
several years that lack of educa-
tion and increased automation may
create a new alienated, permant-
ly impoverished class in the Unit-
ed States.
The Survey Research Center
keeps a continuing watch over
Detroit and has made in-depth
surveys on social problems there.
On the national level, its quar-
terly survey of consumer attitudes
is considered /an important eco-
nomic indicator.
THUS WORLD EVENTS have an
impact on the academic and some-
times the non-academic life of the
University. One of The Daily's
main tasks this year is to point up
and explain these relationships
and to place world events mean-
ingfully in the readers' framework.
The Daily receives the main na-
tional-international news wire of
the Associated Press, its main
source of such news, but it is sup-
plemented by a reading of the De-
troit papers, "The New York Times,
The Washington Post, The Wall
Street Journal and three library
shelves full of magazines ranging
from the John Birch Society's
American Opinion to the Soviet's
New Times. Daily reporters use
these as reference work for gain-
ing background and developing in-
terpretations of world events.
The. Daily is also a member of
the Collegiate Press Service, a co-
operative agency of college papers.
CPS mails releases three days a
week and serves as a means of
gaining depth stories from other
campuses. The Daily also exchang-
es with nearly 100 other college
papers.
Aside from reporting significant
student news from other campuses,
The Daily will be increasingly in-
terested in educational issues as it
attempts to place the University in
a worldwide academic context. Al-
so, The Daily will send reporters
to significant student conferences.
* * *
TO MEET the increasing job of
correlating national-international
news, the new position of national
concerns editor wa sreantaA ol.
L
THE LIAISON
74.!~:
David Marcus, Editorial Director
DUCATION can be either perfunctory or
worthwhile. The choice rests largely with
individual student, not with the University
the faculty. The University and the facul-
can work to provide the best possible at-
sphere for the educational process; but the
ision of whether to work for a degree or an
cation nearly always rests with the student.
t is the student who must decide whether he
hes to participate in his education or wheth-
he wishes to be merely a passive receptacle.
e student who chooses to participate faces
tacles. The University is large and it is
m difficult to make the initial contacts with
ulty members capable of giving direction to
interests. The University limits the range of
as that can be personally presented by out-
e speakers. At times, the University seems
engrossed in research, publications, public
itions and fund raising that it seems to have
le interest in its students, particularly under-
DESPITE THESE OBSTACLES and limita-
tions, the only worthwhile education is an
education which involves the student in more
than a perfunctory way. It means internaliza-
tion of knowledge. It means that the student
involves himself in his studies and goes beyond
them. Ultimately, it means the development of
a belief in the function of the academic com-
munity both for the ideals of scholarship and
the benefits society derives from these ideals.
The ideals themselves are quite complex; but
they. ultimately involve some sort of personal
belief about the way men live or ought to live
their lives. Perhaps the simplest and most elo-
quent statement is Socrates' maxim: The un-
examined life is not worth living.
CERTAINLY, Socrates' maxim is more diffi-
cult to accept now than in the past. It has
become almost trite to speak of the horrors of
a possible atomic war. Most of the world's pop-
ulation lives miserably while surplus food rots
in government storage bins.
Yet the only hope of ever solving these prob-
lems lies in the academic world with its ideals
of open examination. For Socrates' concept ex-
tends to more than the individual life. It in-
cludes the vital life of the society and the
human race which must never go unexamined
if it is to be worth living or if, indeed, it is to be.
MOST STUDENTS, of course, will not spend
their lives in a university community. Yet
they will have learned much if they can leave
the University with some concept of why the
University is and what it can be.
The academic world is a fascinating place
for any student who allows himself the op-
portunity to become involved in it. It has its
stodgy side and sometimes it really is stifling.
At the same time, it is in the academic com-
munity that scholars are currently debatingr
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Editorial Staff
RONALD WILTON, Editor
D MARCUS GERALD STORCH
al Director City Editor
RA LAZARUS............ Personnel Director
SUTIN. ..........National Concerns Editor
VANS ,... ............. Associate City Editor
RIE BRAHMS...... Associate Editorial Director
BOWLES .....................Magazine Editor
)A BERRY............. Contributing Editor
OOD ..............._ .....Sports Editor
LOCK .................. Associate Sports Editor
PGER ..........Associate Sports Editor
INCK ..........Contributing Sports Editor
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