THE MICHIGAN DAILY
'aqi
.ref
Coup
Ousts
Succeeds;
Socialists
Middle East
rWar Viewed
As Possible
Syria Claims Fighting
Heavy in Baghdad
NEW GOVERNMENT-A pro-Nasser faction led by President Abdel Salam Aref of Iraq fomented an
uprising yesterday in Baghdad. The deposed regime was closely allied with the neighboring Syrian
regime. Pictured above from left to right are Aref, Gamal Abdel Nasser, president of the United
Arab Republic and Nazem El Kudsi, president of Syria.
NORTHERN
NIGHTS
"SK I-JAMAS"
ALLIANCE FOR PROGRESS:
Kennedy Promises U.S.
To Meet Commitments
MIAMI BEACH 0P)-President John F. Kennedy said last night
the United States will live up to its commitments to the Alliance for
Progress because it offers the only route to "progress without despo-
tism, social justice without social terror."
In an address delivered before the Inter-American Press Asso-
ciation, Kennedy said the alliance is the Western Hemisphere's
hope for a decent standard of living and "a common dedication
Sfreedom."
The President made no mention
of Argentina's annulment of mil-
lions of dollars in contracts with
American oil producers, but he
- commented that "every country is
free to shape its economic institu-
tions in accordance with its own
national needs."
"However," he added, "just as
no country can tell another how it
must order its economy, no nation
should act within its own borders
so as to violate the rights of
others under accepted principles
of international law."
This was in line with his accept-
ance at a news conference last
Thursday of Argentina's right to
annul the contracts, and his in-
sistence that there must be fair
compensation to the affected
- -*firms.
Before coming to Miami Beach,
Kennedy toured the Tampa area.
Before the Florida State Cham-
ber of Commerce at Tampa, Ken-
nedy spoke up for harmony rather
than hostility between business
and the administration and said
he is not "out to soak the rich."
Businessmen are welcome at the
A U ST I N White House, he said.
In response to questions as to
DI A O ND why he was pushing his civil
CORPORATION rights program so hard, he let it
be known that he intends to keep
1209 S. University 663-7151 right on pushing, even though "I
know it has not been getting
great support here in Florida."
BEIRUT, Lebanon (RP) - Pro-
Nasser President Abdel Salam Aref
of Iraq seized power in Baghdad
yesterday with the help of the
army, touching off fighting that
threatened a general flareup in
the Middle East.
Driven from office was the cab-
inet of anti-Nasser Ba'ath Social-
ists, who are closely allied with
the Ba'athist regime in neighbor-
ing Syria.
Syrian broadcasts denounced
Aref as a tyrant and predicted his
downfall. Cairo newspapers hailed
the coup as heralding jin end to
Ba'athist supremacy in Iraq and
Syria.
Power Struggle
This raised the prospect of a
struggle involving Iraq, Syria and
President Gamal A bdel Nasser's
United Arab Republic.
Only last spring these nations
were talking of an Arab union.
Aref and a group of army offi-
cers moved at dawn to wrest
power from the ruling Ba'ath
party.
Curfew
Radio Baghdad interrupted a
program to announce the imposi-
tion of a general curfew. The
radio relayed proclamations an-
nouncing the takeover of power
by Aref and ordering immediate
dissolution of the national guard,
military arm of the Ba'ath party.
Baghdad and the rest of the
country quieted by nightfall,
Baghdad radio asserted, but it ad-
mitted that the forces backing
Aref had encountered "some
pockets af resistance."
Fighting Rages
Syria's Damascus Radio, how-
ever, claimed heavy fighting still
raged in Baghdad between the
Iraqi army and the national
guard, backed by some Ba'athist-
inclined troops. Quoting a Ba'ath-
ist radio station broadcasting from
inside Iraq, Damascus claimed
that apart from Baghdad the rest
of the country was under Ba'ath-
ist control.
Baghdad Radio denied the
Damascus reports, asserting that
the national guard had surrend-
ered.
There was no mention of the
fate of Premier Ahmed Hassan
El-Bakr and other members of
the cabinet.
Another statement broadcast by
Baghdad Radio said the action of
the army was only, directed
against the national guard and
"not against any part or faction."
China Calls
Khrushchev
U.S. Lackey
TOYKO AP)-The Red Chinese
yesterday called Soviet Premier
Nikita S. Khrushchev a bible-
reading, psalm-singing servant of
the United States ,and claimed he
didn't appreciate that Red China
sacrificed itself in the Korean
War to avert a direct United
States-Soviet clash.
In the latest chapter of the
running Soviet-Chinese ideological
dispute, the Chinese also accused
the Russians of bluffing when
they threaten to use nuclear weap-
ons to support revolutionary
struggles. Presumably, the Chinese
had the October 1962 Cuban
crisis in mind but they did not
say so.
Reply to Charges
The Chinese made their claims
in an 18,000-character article ap-
pearing identically in the official
Peking People's Daily and Red
Star, a theoretical journal. The
I article replied to Soviet charges
that Peking sought to push the
Soviet Union into a nuclear war
with the West.
The Chinese replied that they
considered it absolutely impermis-
sible that the Soviet Union should
be the first to use nuclear weapons
in a conventional war involving
the West or in a revolution that
the West was trying to stop.
Avert War
The article also claimed that
Red Chinese military forces avert-
ed a United States-Soviet war in
1958 when they opened the con-
stant bombardment of the Na-
tionalist-held islands of Quemoy
and Matsu off the China main-
land.
The article told Soviet leaders:
"The Chinese Communist party
is firmly opposed to a 'head-on
clash' between the Soviet Union
and the United States, and not in
words only. In deeds, too, it has
worked hard to avert direct armed
conflict between them."
The Chinese statements appear-
ed to bear out a theory that the
Russians, who were present in
North Korea at the time, encour-
aged the Korean Reds to invade
South Korea, then asked the
Chinese to intervene in 1951 when
the attackers suffered severe re-
verses.
Union Supports
Action on Race
NEW YORK W)-Warned that
Negroes are losing faith in the
labor movement, the AFL-CIO
urged its 13.5 milion members yes-
terday to fight racial discrimina-
tion everywhere.
But it slapped down a move to
adopt language by its only Negro
vice-president charging "failure of
labor to throw its full weight into
the civil rights revolution."
Randolph, president of the
Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Por-
ters, said "there is a growing
feeling of alienation from the
labor movement in the Negro
community."
A move from the convention
floor to adopt his speech as a
preamble to the civil rights reso-
lution was defeated by voice vote.
I'
TOMORROW at 8 p.m.
DR. PRESTON W. SLOSSON
Prof. Emeritus of History
"ISRAEL: THE WEST IN THE EAST"
B'nai B'rith Hillel Foundation All Are
1429 Hill Street Welcome
I
A proposal to create a "Court
of the Union" which would out-I
rank the United States Supreme F
Court was vigorously attacked
yesterday by Charles W. Joiner,
associate dean of the Law School.
Addressing the 69th National7
Conference on Government, Dean
Joiner branded the proposal to
DEAN CHARLES W. JOINER
... preposterous
create a super-Supreme Court of
the chief justices of each of the
50 states as "preposterous."
Four Backers
"And yet four state legislatures
have memorialized Congress to
call a convention for the purpose
of proposing this amendment (to
the Constitution)."
Dean Joiner noted that the pro-
posal to create a Court of the
Union has been put forward by
an organization known as the
Council of State Governments.
This court, according to the pro-
posal, would be required to review
the judgments of the Supreme
Court on matters involving rights
reserved to the states or to the
people by the Constitution.
r
I I
This power could be invoked by
the demand of the legislatures of
five states.
'Defective' Idea
The whole idea is "defective,"
Dean Joiner said. "It would de-
stroy the Supreme Court as an
effective body"; it would lead to
'constitutional paralysis"; and "it
is not unlikely that such a court
would produce decisions of a high-
ly parochial nature."
"This proposal would bring all
matters involving these questions
into the realm of state-house
politics . . . It is preposterous to
think that the gateway to justice
and judicial decisions lies through
the benificence of the legislature,"
he said.
PREPOSTEROUS' PLAN:
Joiner Raps 'Court of Union'
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World News Roundup
LONDON-The new government of Prime Minister Sir Alec
Douglas-Home won its first vote in the House of Commons yesterday
by a majority as large as any mustered by the Conservatives in
months. The size of the majority demonstrated that the party
whips were able to rally almost all Conservative members, a sign
that factional differences that emerged during last month's contest
for the prime minister's job had eased.
WASHINGTON-Rep. Carl Vinson (D-Ga), powerful chairman
312 S. State
1203 S. University
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of the House Armed Services C
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Committee, turned 80 yesterday and
--said he would retire at the end
of his present term. Vinson has
served in the House of Represen-
tatives for 50 years-longer than
any other man in history-and is
considered to be one of the half
IPIIN
S
dozen or so men who wield the
real power in that body.
* * *
WASHINGTON-Social security
taxes would go up about $2 billion
a year under President John F.
Kennedy's proposal for health care
of the aged, Congress was told
yesterday. * * *
NEW YORK-Stocks took a
sizable decline on thekNew York
Stock Exchange for the third
straight session yesterday. In the
closing Dow-Jones averages, 30
industrials were down 5.15, 20 rails
down 1.61, 15 utilities down 0.38
and 65 stocks down 1.75.
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