ACADEMICS
SECTION
Y
Seventy-Two Years of Editorial Freedom
742,A&
1y
ACADEMICS
SECTION
VOL LXXHIINo 1 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 11, 1962~
SIX PAGES
Research Activities
Cost Over $30 Million
For Nuclear Physics Experiments
Federal Government Gives Funds
By GERALD STORCH
Research has become big business at the University.
Last year more than $30 million was expended on research
activities, with $26 million of it sponsored grants and contracts from
the federal government.
Now that research costs have come to assume about one third of
the University budget, faculty members and, to a more limited
extent, students are forced to engage in a great deal of uneasy
self -examination.
Presents Dilemma
For lucrative and glamorous though it sometimes may be,
research nevertheless presents a potent dilemma and several problems
to be resolved only by value judg-
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'U' Expansion Prompts Creation
Of
Office
for
Academic Affairs
RALPH A. SAWYER
.. . research head
Project Uses
Ford Reactor
For 'Sciences
One of the world's ,most signifi-
cant programs to develop the
p~eaceful use of the atom stands
on North Campus 'as, a living
memorial to University students
ein World War II.
The activities of the Michigan
Memorial Phoenix Project range
from studying the physical in-
teraction of atoms to medical ra-
diation to the national and inter-
national legal problems of atomic
energy.
The project comprises seven
buildings, one of which is the one
million dollar Ford nuclear reactor,
the largest at any educational in-
stitution. The cluster of modernis-
tic buildings north of the Huron
River also includes a clinical
Radioisotope Unit and two'high-
level remote-control saves and a
P high-intensity gamma radiation
area, both used for research in the
physical and biological sciences.
Radiation Theory
And in an underground chamber
between the Kresge Medical Re-
search Center and the University
Hospital (on central campus) is
the Radiation Therapy Laboratory,
containing a cesium-137 source
and a 2000-curie cobalt-60 source.
These facilities, furnished by the
Atomic Energy Commission, are
used for the treatment of deep-
seated cancer.
All funds used by the project
are the University's. No money
comes from the government.
The laboratories have supported
some of the most important re-
search discoveries in the field. It
was here that Prof. Donald A.
Glaser, a Nobel Prize winner now
at the University of California,
discovered the bubble chamber.
Superheated Liquid
It contains a superheated liquid
through which greatly accelerated
nuclear particles are shot. Photo-
graphs, taken at an exposure time
of one 10 millionth of a second,
show the normal bubble paths of
the particles and the results of
the collisions that occur.
From these collisions, researchers
are greatly aided in positing the
nature of nuclear particles.
University scientists have achiev-
ed two other important develop-
ments in atomic physics during the
Phoenix Project's 14-year history.
Emulsion Scanner
One is the nuclear emulsion
scanner, which detects and counts
faint tracks left on photographic
coating plates by nuclear particles
acclerated in the cyclotron. The
invention makes the ordinarily
nerve-wracking task of examining
hundreds of the plates a simple
routine.
The other is the luminescent
chamber, also used in the detection
of particle patterns, It is a light
amplifier which feeds light from
a vacuum tube through the cham-
ments: does the government have
too much influence over the re-
search. to be done? Are the in-
direct expenses necessitated for
research facilities draining. off
funds better used elsewhere? Does
the pressure on faculty members
to publish scholarly findings de-
teriorate their main obligation for
good teaching?
Some of the trends emerging
during the last 10 years or so when
research here has really expanded
(in 1950, only about $3 million was
spent for this purpose) may in-
dicate the directions themUniver-
sity is taking and the state of its
research ethics.
It is clear that research on the
campus is heavily oriented towards
the engineering and physical
sciences. Approximately 70 per
cent of the University's research
dollar was spent in this area, as
the spectacular post-war develop-
ments in nuclear physics and elec-
tronics under the aegis of the De-
fense Department have assumed
foremost consideration in the basic
research field.
Humanities Research
This brings up the question in
some faculty members' minds,
however, as to whether research in
the humanities is slowly being
squeezed out. These men fear that
although a considerable amount of
work investigating untapped areas
of the humanities is indeed being
done, nevertheless the heavy em-
phasis on technical and military
research is overwhelming the arts
and converting the University into
a giant scientific factory.
A second major trend has been
the remarkable emergence of in-
stitutes and centers for specific
research areas. The Instituteof
Science and Technology, the
Phoenix Project, the Institute for
Social Research, the Mental Health
Research Institute: these are units
whose function is to promote re-
search projects and to conduct
educational programs among rel-
evant public authorities and in-
stitutions.
The IST is the behemoth of the
University's research complex, as
it handles about $25 million in
contracts annually. Its new build-
ing under construction will take
its place out, on North Campus
along with the Phoenix Project
and several engineering labora-
tories as the focus for scientific
inquiry.
Research Institutes
The Institute for Social Re-
search and the Mental Hea.th Re-
search Institute are located near
the Medical Center. The social
research unit is divided into the
Survey Research Center and the
Research Center for Group Dy-
namics.
The Survey Research Center is
Wilson Cites
'A ttri butes
'Of Entrants
The University will receive ap-
proximately 3,200 new freshmen
this fall, Gayle C. Wilson, Asso-
ciate Director of Admissions, an-
nounced. About one-third of these
people are from out-of-state.
Michigan, Wilson said, is look-
ing for a special type of person
and is very selective as to whom
they admit. Eighty per cent of
the incoming freshman class were
in the top fifth of their high
school class. Referring to the lit-
erary college, Wilson said that a
student must have a B average in
academics., Extra-curricular ac-
tivities are also important. In a
competitive admisison situation,
a well-rounded person has a better
chance of being selected.
Scholastic aptitude tests are re-
quired of out-of-state students be-
fore they are admitted, and for
all students as a requirement for
final enrollment, Wilson said.
For admission to other schools
in the University, special skills,
such as musical ability for the
music school, are also taken into
consideration.
Transfer students need a C-
plus average from their previous
schools to be considered for ad-
mission. About thirty per cent of
all transfer students admitted are
from outstide the state of Michi-
gan, with preference given to
children of alumni.
Students from foreign countries
are not admitted if their edu-
cational background would place
them below the sophomore level
unless there is unusual evidence of
English proficiency, maturity, and
readiness for University studies.
Upperclasses
Take Courses
From Branch
The Flint college, a branch of
the University, was designed for
junior and senior academic work.
It offers courses in liberal arts,
business.administration, and edu-
cation.
The College is associated with
the Flint Junior College and for
a while did not have its own
buildings but used the facilities
of the Junior College.
In 1952 Flint educators ap-
proached the University and sug-
gested that the University estab-
lish facilities for junior and sen-
ior level work to complete the
education of those students who
attended the Flint Junior College.
~The Regents approved the branch
in 1955 and in 1956 the branch
opened.
David M. French has served as
Aid tate School coordination
Academic affairs are now directed in one office as a re-
sult of an administrative reorganization last February.
The tien Vice-President and Dean of Faculties Marvin L.
Niehuss was promoted to executive vice-president and the
dean of the literary college, Roger Heyns, was named to the
newly-created post of vice-president for academic affairs.
The Office of Academic Affairs is the result of a splitting
of Niehuss's old duties of being the administrative vice-presi-
dent and supervisor of academic affairs.
Growing Enrollment
President Harlan Hatcher said the split was necessitated
by growing enrollment and admissions pressure, "remarkable
growth in research activities I
-Daily-Michael Miller
PEACE CORPS AT PLAY-Members of the second Peace Corps group headed for Thailand may
be the first people in the United States to learn Takraw, the Thai national sport. Played either in a
ring or with two opposing teams and a net, the objective is to keep a grapefruit size wicker ball
in the air without using any part of the body below the elbow.
Center Trains Corps Members
By SARABETH RICHMAN
The University of Michigan has
become established as one of the
cPeace Corps Training Centers in
the country.
The groups that come here to be
trained are destined to spend their
two-year service in Thailand.
At the present there are 63
Peace Corps volunteers carrying
on intensive training here. They
average about 65 hours a week in
seminars, lectures and laborator-
ies with members of the faculty.
Lessons range from first-aid tech-
niques to the not-too-easy job of
grasping the Thai language.
1The trainees are divided into
four groups: English teachers, vo-
cational teachers, agriculture
teachers, physical education in-
structors and coaches, and labor-
atory technicians.
Outstanding Facilities
Because of its outstanding facil-
ities in the Southeast Asian field,
the University was chosen to train
those going to Thailand. Many of
the faculty members, authorities
on Thai culture have offered their
services to the program.
Another special qualification of
the University is its overseas ex-
perience in Southeast Asia.
The Peace Corps has special
significance to the University as
the idea for it was first suggested
by presidential candidate John F.
Kennedy in a torchlight rally at
the Michigan Union in October
1960. And from there the idea
grew and enveloped the country.
On March 1, 1961, the President"
issued an executive order estab-
lishing the Peace Corps. Now, 14
American colleges are conducting
training programs for the Corps
and more projects are being pre-r
pared for the future.
Entrance Exam
To qualify for the Peace Corps
one must first pass an entrance1
exam. It is designed to discover
not only special skills and knowl-s
edge but also motivation for join-
ing. There is no such thing as a
passing mark or score on these
tests. Different projects require
different abilities and people are
chosen for various assignmentsj
because of their specific aptitudes.
R. Sargent Shriver, director of
the Peace Corps, stated the ob-
jectives of the Corpsat the fare-1
well banquet for the first group
to leave the University for Thai-
land. "We are trying to tap the
resevoir of skilled manpower and
womanpower in the U n i t e d
States."
The Peace Corps is designed to
Niehuss To Oversee
Colleges, Research
Heyns To Oversee Faculty Hin
ag
provide to other countries "doers"
as opposed to consultants or ad-
visors. These people have skills
not sufficiently available in those
countries. It also offers American
citizens opportunities to serve use-
fully in these situations.
The primary importance of the
Thailand project is to assist that.
nation's education program.
Corpsmen receive a minimal
daily living stipend and a certain
allowance abroad. As one member
of the training group at the Uni-
versity' put it, "We work hard but
we love it; it's a way to serve your
country constructively."
Area Study Programs Offer
Interdisciplinary Approachs
By HELENE SCHIFF
The five area study centers at
the University offer scholars
more fully developed interdiscip-
linary' programs in Russian, Far
Eastern, Southeast Asian, Near
Eastern, and Japanese Studies.
The functions of these area
studies is to channel financial aid
in the forms of fellowships, schol-
arships and grants to students
wishing to concentrate t h e i r
studies in these areas, to develop
library facilities in their respec-
tive fields, and to coordinate the
efforts of scholars at the Univer-
sity whose interests lie in the
same areas.
Through the centers the Uni-
versity is aiming to provide facili-
ties so that more Americans can
gain a deeper and more thorough
understanding of these a r e a s
which have become critically im-
portant to our nation's welfare.
The Center for Japanese Studies
was the first center established
and the systems and methods used
were largely experimental.
The other, four centers were es-
tablished two years ago and they
are organized very similarly to the
Center for Japanese Studies.
Particular Concern
For example, professors in the
anthropology, economics, geog-
raphy, history, fine arts, political
science and sociology departments
who are particularly concerned
with how their field of study ap-
plies in Southeast Asia are mem-
bers of the Center for Southeast
Asian Studies as well as of their
own departments.
These area centers are designed
primarily to offer training to
graduate students, since their pro-
grams are often too narrow for
the undergraduate. However, the
undergraduate who is interested in
concentrating in either Russian,
Far Eastern, Southeast Asian,
Near Eastern or Japanese studies
may do so.
-which are heavily faculty ori-
ented, steady growth of the
g r a d u a t e and professional
school programs that require
additional administrative at-
tention, and the need for vol-
untary coordination of the
state's public higher educa-
tional institutions.
As vice-president for academic
affairs, Heyns has the general re-
sponsibiity for the facultyand
academic programs of the schools
and colleges.
This involves supervision over
the hiring of faculty, their salary
and fringe benefit levels and the
retaining of faculty in the face of
competition from other institu-
tions.
Regional Coordination
Heyns' office will also partici-
pate in University coordination ef-
forts with other institutions both
on the state and regional levels.
The Office of Academic Affairs
also received the offices of Reg-
istration. and Records and Admis-
sions from the Office of Student
Affairs as a result of the recom-
mendations of the OSA Study
Committee.
The OSA's offices will be estab-
lished in September in the first
floor of the Administration Bldg.
where Vice-President for Student
Affairs James A. Lewis formally
maintained his facilities. The OSA
offices have been moved to the
Student Activities Bldg. to accom-
modate the recent OSA shake-up.
Heyns' Background
Dean Heyns received his bach-
elor of arts degree from Hope Col-
lege at Holland and a master of
arts and a doctor of philosophy
from the University. He, joined the
psychology department as an in-
structor in 1949, was made asso-
ciate professor in 1953 and full
professor in 1957.
He was named dean of the lit-
erary college in 1958 when Charles
Odegaard resigned to become pres-
ident of the University of Wash-
ington.
Dean Heyns will continue in his
literary college post until a suc-
cessor can' be selected, possibly
this fall.
Long Consideration
President Hatcher commended
Dean Heyns as"one of the oncom-
ing figures in his generation in the
field of education."
Regent Eugene B. Power also,
commended Dean Heyns for his
fairness. "Under his leadership, I
have noticed an absence of diffi-
culty in the literary college," he,
said. "It is good that the whole
faculty will benefit by this skill."
Dean Heyns has set as perhaps
his foremost objective the recruit-
ment of younger men into faculty
ranks. This has been a problem ins
the past, especially in the four
years since Michigan's "payless
paydays" fiscal crisis of 1958.
But, with the modest pay hike
given to the faculty for this year,'
Dean Heyns feels a good start has
been made.
LSA Students
Study Policies C
considered by many experts to be the Dean of the Flint branch since
the best organization in the coun- its completion.
try for its sample-study surveys of Money for the College was pro-
political, social and economic pat- vided by Flint philanthropist
See U.S., Page 5 Charles S. Mott.
.
t
4 ROGER M. HEYNS
..academics head
CURRICULUM:
Adopt New
Standards
By PHILIP SUTIN
Freshmen entering the literary
college this fall face a revised set
of distrubtion requirement design-
ed to strengthen the stud'ent's lib-
eral education.
The number of hours and ar-
rangement of courses fulfilling
the humanties and natural science
requirement have been rearranged
while the two-semester matemat-
ics or philosophy course require-
ment has been eliminated.
Both incoming and upper class
students will still be bound to meet
the two-semester English composi-
tion, 14 hour social science and
four semester foreign language
poficiency requirements.
Basic Change
The math-philosophy require-
ment was scrapped because col-
lege officials felt the union be-
tween the two disciplines was a
weak one and that non-logic phil-
osophy courses fit better in the
humanities requirement. Also the
demands of future engineers and
scientists put too much of a strain
on the mathematics department to
warrant continuing the require-
ment.
The new humanities require-
ment consists of three sets of
courses of which a student must
complete a two-semester sequence
in one set and a one semester in
another set. The total requirement
is 12 hours.
Humanities courses have four
aims, the literary college catalog
says:
Artistic Expression
"1) to provide visual, auditory
and written experience with the.
various modes of artistic expres-
sion;
"2) to develop knowledge of the
techniques of a given art;
"3) to increase the student's
knowledge of the forms of aes-
thetic expression of his own and
foreign cultures; and
"4) to introduce him the great
philosophies of the world."
FRESHMEN RECEIVE READING LISTS:
Orientation To Emphasize Participations
By ALAN MAGID
Freshman orientation this fall
under the leadership of Prof. Ken-
neth Pike of the linguistics depart-
will include an increased empha- e
sis on intellectual participation by The first two days of orientation
incoming students, John Tansey will be occupied with college tests
assistant director or orientation and language placement tests. The
said students who attended summer
During the summer incoming orientation will join the rest of
freshman were sent reading lists the students at fall orientation on
prepared by the staff of the Un- the third day for the remainder
dergraduate Library. The list con- of orientation week.
tains 148 twentieth-century books, TV D:scussion_
which cover fifteen academic Wednesday afternoon will see
areas. the first use of closed circuit TV
Four books from the list have !for orientation discussion. By aI
been selected for review and dis- unique arrangement a panel of
cussion at separate seminars on administration and faculty lead-
Friday. Outstanding University ers will answer questions concern-
professors will lead the discussion. ing rules and regulations at the
t .f.iPi ma. University. Orientation groups will
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welcome to incoming students at
Hill Auditorium. Following the
president's address there will be
an open house and coke break at
the Union.
College Afternoon
The deans of the colleges will
address the students admitted to
their respective schools during Col-
lege Afternoon. Earlier Thursday*
afternoon freshmen who were not
here in the summer will go on a
tour of the University Libraries.
Friday morning leaders of cam-
pus student organizations will de-
scribe the opportunities for extra-
curricular activities at the Uni-
versity. A film depicting the var-
ious activities will be shown atj
4M -XI