_
Seventy-Sixth Year
EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS
July 21: Being Our Keeper's Brother
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ere Opinions Are Free, 420 MAYNARD ST., ANN ARBOR, MiCH,
Truth Will Prevail NEWSYADOTAN7R4R0552
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Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the inidividual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.
'THURSDAY, JULY 21, 1966
NIGHT EDITOR: MERELITH EIKER
a
Another Day,
Another Dollar
By LEONARD PRATT
Co-Editor
THERE ARE A lot of universities
that don't know when they're
well off. Evidently Michigan has
its share.
Western Michigan University, in
,Kalamazoo, enrolled itself in this
league over the weekend when it
refused to renew the contract of
a Jesuit theologian who had been
teaching an experimental religion
course there since 1962.
TALKING WITH Fr. John Hard-
on, it's not hard to see how a
university - especially WMU,
which for a long time now has
had the potential for repeating
the worst academic errors of Mich-
igan State University-would find
it difficult to live with him.
The man has more degrees than
the back room of a police station.
He has been attending colleges for
longer than some University stu-
dents have been alive. This being
so, he, like most scholars, is not
one to suffer fools gladly.
His particular approach to
theology is also one that could
easily prove difficult for a public
university to accept. Teaching "on
my own terms," as he warned
WMU officials he would, Hardon
stressed that the values inherent
in particular religions-Protestant
and Jewish as well as Catholic-
were of particular importance to
today's students.
UNFORTUNATELY this smack-
ed a little too much of the Church
in state for WMU officials.
"(Hardon) seems to feel that doc-
trine can be taught in a state
university in the same way as in
a Catholic or other religious school
where indoctrination is taken for
granted," said Prof. Cornelius
Loew, chairman of WMU's religion
department.
It's easy to see how the two
wouldn't mix.
It's also easy to wish they had
been able to.
If there is one area in which a
university education could be im-
mediately relevant to modern life,
it is the theological. Spiritual con-
cerns are, in far from traditional
ways, to be sure, among the most
overriding for modern students.
They are made that important
simply because, for most students,
they don't exist. The study of so-
ciology and anthropology tends to
shine a light on religion that's so
strong it evaporates.
IT'S ALMOST possible to for-
mulate a law of spiritual supply
and demand. With the destruction
of traditional reliigon-that con-
nected with the family, organized
worship and social bonds-the de-
mand for something meaningful
to replace it has grown beyond
the capacity of the society to do
so.
This should not be taken too
literally. In other words no one
should suggest that it leads to
inflation of spiritual goods-that
drug usage or Modesty Blaise are
attempts to satisfy the needs that
a loss of religious sensibilities in
a society create. They are at-
tempts to satisfy needs that would
exist religion or no, needs that
have existed for a long time in
industrial societies.
In fact there is little to fill the
gap which religion's absence
leaves in modern life. Maybe that's
inevitable. Perhaps religious needs
have been outgrown by civiliza-
tion, or rather "postcivilization."
THE TRAGEDY of that is that
religious practice is falling to the
wayside without so much as a
second glance from either society
at large or church officials. Both
are more than content to let it
slide along just as it has done for
the last several decades.
Yet is it possible that there is
something there to be lost? Per-
haps, just perhaps.
Today the human race is closer
to both annihilation and immor-
tality than it has ever been before.
We are close to being creators
ourselves, both of protoplasm and
of actual intelligence. The seas
may soon become our servants and
the moon our steppingstone.
Then again, France exploded its
second atomic bomb Tuesday and
was ever so proud of the fact that
they had' done it from an airplane
rather than from the top of a
tower. More masculine, no doubt.
GIVEN ALL that,, it's too bad
religion isn't getting its chance to
keep up with it all, to show
whether or not it has a place
albeit a changed one-in the new
scheme of things. Maybe it does,
maybe it doesn't. But if it does,
and is allowed to lose all signifi-
cance despite its present active
form, we will have missed a good
deal.
The intimate examination of the
religious experience and its func-
tion thus must be in the province
of the modern university. The en-
tire area deserves the fullest in-
quiry possible.
That's why Hardon's firing is
unfortunate. It stifles one of the
few attempts to create that sort
of inqury.
IF THE UNIVERSITY'S short a
man in the fall, Hardon wouldn't
be a bad investment.
RESIDENTS-at least some of them-re-
fer to the city as "the Best Location in
the Nation," and perhaps at one time it
was. Perhaps at one time the Lake Erie
shoreline along which Cleveland is sit-
uated was free from pollution; perhaps
awhile back suburbs were not threatened
by extended expressways; and perhaps
once upon a time the Hough area was a
peaceful, thriving residential neighbor-
hood.
Like everything else, time changes the
character of a city - forces modernism
into antiquity, chips paint, and plays
havoc with long-range planning. Conti-
nuity is difficult to maintain-political
machines and mayors do not always com-
plement one another.
Cleveland is no different from Chica-
go, Los Angeles, or New York. Its popula-
tion may be smaller-its ghettoes not as
extensive-and it may take its residents
just a little longer to react, but essen-
tially the racial problems facing Cleveland
this summer are the same as those facing
other American cities.
YESTERDAY Bertram E. Gardner, exec-
utive director of the Cleveland Com-
munity Relations Board, partially excused
the city's current riots and devastating
racial disturbances with the comment,
"Those people who demonstrate in ;Hough
can't handle their emotions as some of
the others do." And the natural reaction
to his statement is of course, "Why?"
Why can't the Negroes who live be-
tween East 70th and East 90th Streets,
between Superior and Chester, handle
their emotions? Is it because they're Ne-
groes? Or maybe it's because it's sum-
mer and most of the homes in the Hough
area lack air-conditioning ...
Contrary to what Mr. Gardner may be-
lieve, most of the people in the Hough
district actually do have a vast amount
of control over their emotions-a control
which borders all too closely on utter
frustration and complacency. Those
"demonstrators" that he describes are the
area's youths who have not yet abandon-
ed the hope that perhaps there is an
active way of coping with the slums and
deprivation left in the wake of city rush-
ing to break out of its original bounds.
UNLIKE THEIR PARENTS who have
given up on the city-planners and ur-
ban renewal enthusiasts, the Negro youth
of Cleveland, like the Negro youth of
Harlem, Watts, and Chicago, see no rea-
son for respecting the valueless property
which surrounds them.
If homes are destroyed perhaps the city
will let new office buildings and high-
rise apartments (for which there are few
occupants and little need) wait and build'
the desperately needed low-rent housing
instead. Perhaps Erieview, Cleveland's
spectacular downtown urban renewal
project, will come uptown.
The majority of Hough residents have
not been participating in the rioting of
the past three days. Rather, they are
sitting at home, suffering in silence as
they've done for over a generation. To
many of them things are not really so bad
-at least no worse than they've been for
years.
THESE PEOPLE have learned to handle
their emotions-to realize the futility
of hoping for action and change that will
include them. And this is the tragedy of
Cleveland's Hough area-of Chicago, Los
Angeles, and New York.
For these people there seems to be no
middle ground between violence and to-
tal inaction, no rational, moderate base
for building and progressing. They see
only the extremes-the extreme poverty
of the Hough district and, uptown just a
little way, the extreme wealth of Shaker
Heights.
Flareups such as those seen in cities in
the past weeks will continue . . . perhaps
if we wait long enough the people will
burn down all of the nation's slums. Per-
haps the Negroes are right-there may be
nothing worth saving in their neighbor-
hoods ...
NOTHING, THAT IS, except the spirit
of the people themselves.
-MEREDITH EIKER
SpareNot
That Axe
THERE IS A TREE lying broken on
State Street, and it sticks part way out
into the street where the car it landed
on had been parked. The car is gone
now; I don't know how the owner moved
it. There is another tree farther down
State Street, and it threatens to enlarge
its angle to the ground and land on top
of the house it once graced. By the Fuller
Street bridge there are several broken
trees lying in the river,
All these trees lost their lives in the
storm last week, remembered now by these
monuments to the triumph of nature over
man. Nature chose to take away these
lives, and unless man decides to remove
the bodies nature will do it her own way
-by rotting them away.
DEAR ANYONE in the Ann Arbor city
government who will listen:
I know you are out there, and I'm sure
you tried to be inside during the storm.
But the thunder and lightning have pass-
ed, and it's really about time you came
out of the city hall or wherever you hide,
and cleaned up this mess.
Otherwise, the next time it storms, rot-
ting trees will float down State Street,
and rotting trees will float down the mud-
dy Huron as testimony to your civic
pride.
-MICHAEL HEFFER
4
The Methods of Psychological Warfare
By ROBERT TUCKMAN
Associated Press Staff Writer
NHA TRANG, South Viet Nam
(J)-"We don't use guns against
the enemy in this outfit," the
operations officer observed with
a smile. "We just throw papers at
them and shout at them."
"Sometimes it works," said Lt.
Col. Joseph Baier of McDonald,
Pa. "We're getting better at it all
the time."
Baier's unit, the U.S. 5th Air
Commando Squadron, devotes it-
self entirely to psychological war-
fare, known as psywar but called
counter-insurgency warfare here.
Its mission is to persuade the
Viet Cong and North Vietnamese.
soldier to give thenselves up with-
out a fight. Its principal weapons
are leaflets and loudspeakers.
THE SQUADRON, commanded
by Lt. Col. Clyde C. Angley, uses
four C47 twin-engine cargo planes
and 16 of the new U10 light air-
craft. This is a two-seat plane
with a three-blade propeller and
a high, long wing. It can take off
and land in 300 feet. It has a
loudspeaker amplifying system
built in on one side.
The squadron is based in this
central coastal city, but also oper-
ates out of Da Nang in the north,
Pleiku in the Central Highlands
and Bien Hoa near Saigon,
The squadron arrived last No-
vember and its planes, armed only
with leaflets and tape recordings,
have been hit 51 times. It has not
lost any planes but two of its
fliers have been wounded.
During its first month here, the
squadron flew only 74 paper-and-
shout sorties over enemy lines.
Since then the missions have built
up each month and totaled 1,173
sorties in June, when it dropped
130 million leaflets and spent 575
hours in loudspeaker appeals.
HOW EFFECTIVE is this pro-
paganda effort.
The 5th Squadron has no big
claims. But it can reasonably share
part of the credit for the increas-
ing number of Communists giving
up the fight. Some of these carry
surrender leaflets.
Last November, the squadron's
first month of operation, 1,500
came over from the Communist
side. The figure has risen to about
2,300 per month.
Gen. William C. Westmoreland,
commander of U.S. forces in Viet
'Nam, has ordered his field com-
manders to step up their psycho-
logical effort.
The 5th Air Commando Squa-
dron sends up UlOs in the midst
of combat operations. It took part,
for example, in operation Nathan
Hale during which U.S. paratroop-
ers, air cavalrymen and Marines
engaged a North Vietnamese regi-
ment of army regulars in a jungled
mountain area. The U10 planes
followed closely after American air
strikes and artillery barrages hit
the entrenched North Vietnamese.
CAPT. DONALD WAKEFIELD,
from Waco, Texas, put in as many
as four flights a day over enemy
positions. In these flights of an
hour to two hours each, he
dropped surrender leaflets and
swooped low to broadcast recorded
appeals for the Communists to
give up.
One tape recording thatdWake-
field played had been made by a
North Vietnamese lieutenant, a
company commander who surren-
dered during the fighting and co-
operated with his U.S. captors.
Wakefield, 31, is supposed to
average 40 hours a month of
paper-and-shout flying over the
enemy. He invariably flies twice
that much and in one peak month
exceeded 100 hours. He has been
shot at a dozen times. Usually,
he takes an Army psychological
warfare officer with him to drop
the leaflets while he flies the U10
and plays recordings.
His broadcasts can be heard
from 7,000 feet, but Wakefield
usually drops to 2,000-3,000 to give
the enemy a "maximum blast."
THE U10 MEN make low-level
flights over enemy positions at
night to play what Wakefield calls
"real scary music."
"We play a lot of eerie, spooky
noises," Wakefield remarked.
"Even if they don't surrender, it
keeps them up all night. And it
makes them unhappy at the same
time."
Another broadcast uses voices
of a Vietnamese child and mother,
introduced with funeral music. It
goes like this:
Child: "Mummy. Where is
daddy?"
Mother: "Do not ask me, dar-
ling. I'm worried to death."
Child: "But I miss daddy. He is
away so long a time. Daddy. Come
back with me and mother. Daddy."
Another U10 mission involves
dropping leaflets for several days
prior to B52 bomber raids. These
leaflets urge civilians to leave the
target area before the bombers
arrive.
Still another mission involves
leaflets urging villagers to turn in
Viet Cong guerrillas who may be
in their areas. These leaflets offer
rewards for information.
IRVING E. RANTANEN, 46, of
Washington, D.C., civilian psy-
war advisor to the U.S. 1st Ca-
valry, Airmobile Division, sees
"evidence that the Viet Cong are
losing their popular support."
"If they lose that," Rantanen
added, "they are through. In other
words, they now have to take the
food and other things that they
got willingly before."
A major theme of the leaflets
is that the Viet Cong are losing.
One leaflet, in Vietnamese, reads:
"The Viet Cong and their clique
cannot stay forever in this portion
of land. They have to face the
heavy fire power of the allied
forces. In addition, the Viet Nam
armed forces have planes, modern
artillery and other weapons. These
forces will continue until the vic-
tory will be ours and the defeat
will be the Viet Cong."
Other leaflets are straightfor-
ward "safe-conduct passes." They
offer soldiers good treatment if
they present themselves to allied
forces.
These passes, printed in Viet-
namese, English and Chinese, re-
produce in color the flags of South
Viet Nam and the countries with
troops here-The United States,
Australia, New Zealand and South
Korea.
Other leaflets offer rewards for
Communist soldiers to bring in
weapons. The biggest offer is 20,-
000 Vietnamese piasters-$250-
for a 75-millimeter recoilless rifle.
DURING A RECENT battle
along the Cambodian border,
American and North Vietnamese
troops played a small game of
bombarding each other with sur-
render leaflets. At night, the North
Vietnamese put up leaflets in
English reading:
"Why should you die in South
Viet Nam?
"Demand your repatriation! Re-
fuse to fight!
"When attacked, preserve your
lives= by crossing over to the side
of the liberation army, or by of-
fering no resistance and surren-
dering!"
The following day, American
soldiers-units of the 3rd Cavalry,
25th Infantry Division-removed
the Communist leaflets and posted
their own.
NO ONE surrendered on either
side-but one North Vietnamese
soldier who was captured had a
surrender leaflet.
,k'
REVIEW:
*1
Harold Pinter 's
'The Birthday Party'
By FRITZ LYON
H AROLD PINTER'S "The Birth-
day Party," in performance
this week at the Lydia Mendel-
ssohn Theatre, is so unconven-
tional that members of the au-
dience expecting more traditional
fare may be impressed more by
what was missing on the stage
than by what was there. Pinter
has created a unique, unusual
style, similar to the absurdists.
but with its own distinctive char-
acteristics.
The structure of the play is in-
tentionally abstract and am-
biguous: the audience is deprived
of any perspective or frame of
reference. The characters do not
reveal who they are or why they
act-we merely see what they do.
All of the remaining elements are
removed in order to draw focus to
the action.
Meanwhile, the traditional play-
goer is expecting symbolic signi-
ficance, some eventual definition
of the problem, and a logical and
satisfying conclusion at the end.
When these elements fail to ap-
pear, he either condemns the play
as senseless or worries about how
much he didn't understand.
THE ESSENTIAL ELEMENT is
not the meaning, but the char-
acters themselves. As Pinter him-
self says: "All I try to do is de-
scribe some particular thing, a
particular occurrence in a par-
ticular context. The meaning is
there for the particular characters
as they cope with the situation."
The particular situation in this
case is the brainwashing-assassi-
nation of a young man (Stanley)
by two organization thugs (Gold-
berg and McCann) in a boarding
house owned by an older couple
(Petey and Meg) where Stanley
lives. While Petey, Meg, and Lulu
(the local sexpot) watch on, Gold-
berg and McCann systematically
drive Stanley out of his mind, a
rather gruesome sort of killing,
However, these gruesome as-
pects are balanced by Pinter's ab-
surdly humorous dialogue, natur-
alistic in structure, though almost
poetic in its rhythm and repeti-
tion, The conversations range from
The Regent Race;
Someone Has To Run
the trivial to the farcial
in the
THERE WILL BE ONE vacant seat on
the Board of Regents in the fall, pos-
sibly two if Regent Murphy decides not to
run for reelection. We are obviously in
need of a regent or two. But where are
we going to find one?
At the moment, the Republican party is
not offering any of its more illustrious
members for the post. In fact, one offi-
cial appeared more or less unconcerned
with the whole matter. His response to
the question of who they were going to
put up for the post was "Oh yes, we
Editorial Staff
LEONARD PRATT ........................ Co-Editor
CHARLOTTE WOLTER .................... Co-Editor
BUD WILKINSON ...................Sports Editor
BETSY COHN .. ... ..... . Supplement Manager
NIGHT EDITORS: Meredith Elker, Michael Heffer,
Shirley Rosick, Pat O'Donohue, Carole Kaplan.
Business Staff
have to supply two people for that don't
we?"
THEY CERTAINLY DO, and the same
number applies to the Democratic
camp as well. The Democrats do have
more possibilities, five according to one
official, but only one has definitely com-
mitted himself to an actual campaign.
This is a very important period for the
University, and it needs a dedicated, in-
terested board. The best possible candi-
dates must be found for this year's elec-
tion.
-PAT O'DONOHUE
Another Cross
THE SENATE Foreign Relations Com-
mittee had its way yesterday with the
administration's foreign aid requests.
They managed to force an annual review
of all aid projects instead of allowing
projects to be planned over a longer-in
this case a two-year-period.
Long-range planning is clearly to the
good. Yet it also probably would provide
-2
l ',N
T~
various twists and weaves of
Lewis-Carrollian illogic.
There is no profound philosophy,
no subtle symbolism, no elusive
allegory behind the play. It does
not concern the Crucifixion or the
fall of Western Civilization. "The
Birthday Party" is about six char-
acters in a kind of funny night-
mare.
THE UNIVERSITY Player's
production is even and consistent
in style, concept and performance,
with few execptions. As usual, the
final product is the result of the
efforts of several individuals.
Fred Coffin (Goldberg) is the
most outstanding member of the
The Ver
Member ofI
(Sung to the tune of: "I Am
the Very Model of a Model
Major General" by Gilbert and
Sullivan.)
I am the very model of a
member of the faculty
Because I'm simply overcome
with sentiments of loyalty,
I daily think of reasons why
I'm glad to be American,
And thank the Lord I've always
been a registered Republican.
The thoughts I think are only
thought approved by my
community.
I pledge allegiance to the flag at
every opportunity.
I haven't had a thing to do
with Communist conspirators,
And neither have my relatives,
decendants or progenitors.
I try to keep away from
propositions controversial;
I've no opinions social, politic
or commercial.
And so you see that I must be,
cast. Goldberg's sudden changes of
mood, his constant contradictions,
his buffoonish lecturing are all
consolidated into one character,
not an easy trick.
Stanley, the victim, is portray-
ed by aMrk Metcalf. The contrasts
between the innane clod and the
tormented zombie who cannot
speak are extremely effective.
Betsy Wernette (Meg) is almost
too deliberate with her voice, but
her characterization of the slight-
ly incestuous, slightly feeble old
bag is excellent.
Dave Holquist (Petey) inter-
prets his roe well, though he
sometimes becomes mechanical
and lacks a variety of inflection,
y Model
the Faculty
Unsullied by the taint of any
doctrinaire rigidity.
I teach the Darwin theory with
valuation critical,
Uninfluenced by dogmatists
religious or political.
I understand the economic
forces that have made us
great;
The system of free enterprise
I do not underestimate.
I'm well equipped objectively to
point out flaws in Marxist
thought,
Because I've never read his
work and rest assured that
1 will not.
I freely follow truth in ways
which I am sure will satisfy,
The Board of Regents, William
Hearst, and Hoover of the FBI.
So you see that I must be,
with sentiments of loyalty,
The very perfect model of a
member of the faculty.
CHORUS
U'
22 i&A\r t
N' \'
SUSAN PERLSTADT ..............Business
JEANNE ROSINSKI............Advertising
STEVEN ENSLEY..............Circulation
Manager
Manager
Manager
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