Very Unusual Weather We're Having"
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Seventy-First Year
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Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.
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World Conflict-
ltary o Ideological.
By J. M. ROBERTS
Associated Press News Analyst
THE PAST of United States policy toward Cuba becomes more clear
and its future more clouded as the invasion post-mortem continues.
The project was a national one, fashioned in its early stages by
the Eisenhower Administration and adopted by its successor. Despite
President Kennedy's acceptance of responsibility, the invasion was not
the child of any one man or restricted group, and by this token it was
a national failure in which responsibility is widely spread.
CRITICS have been given new fuel for their contention that such
DAY. MAY 3, 1961
NIGHT EDITOR: HARVEY MOLOTCH
I,-
, ...
Meisenbaeh's Trial:
The Questions Raised
)TH SUPPORTERS and opponents of the
House Un-American Activities Committee
e been pondering the significance of Berke-
student Robert Meisenbach's trial recently.
[eisenbach is accused of hitting a policeman
1 the officer's own nightstick during/ dem-
trations against HUAC hearings in San
ncisco last May. He is the only student
>ng several thousand demonstrators who
charged with an act of violence. Sixty-three
ers were acquitted of minor violations such
listurbing the peace.
ong before the trial began, FBI Director J.
ar Hoover reported the officer-beating as
t in a pamphlet entitled "Communist Target
outh." Hoover claimed that the student
ionstrations became violent after a student
. . grabbed an officer's nightstick and be-
. beating the officer over the head."
his comment was repeated, again as fact,
the controversial movie "pperation Aboli-
." The film says that Meisenbach's act
Com[-munieation
IE DIRECTOR of Summer Placement Serv-
ice has promised that in the future all
lents will be equally treated-even those
h beards.
'et the past anti-beard policy of the Serv-
sheds light upon a serious problem inherent
he vast bureaucratic structure of the Uni-
ity. Denying certain services to bearded
lents is clearly contrary to the policies of
Bureau of Appointments as stated by its
ector.
et when first confronted with complaints,
Director. said, "You must be misinformed."
kcnew nothing about this objectionable prac-
of A; service under his administration. The
-President of Student Affairs commented,
now nothing about it."
UNIVERSITY administrators are unaware
>f the practices of the individuals respon-
e to them, who does know what is going
Is the system so complex and decentralized
t the policies of an administrator can be
ly ignored by his assistants? Or is it possi-
that many employes are unaware of cer-
i policies which they are expected to fol-
a- view of this apparent lack of communi-
on, one is led to wonder how many other
versity employes consistently translate their
onal prejudices and idiosyncracies into ob-
lonable practices which come. to be viewed
epresentative of official University policy.
I. BROWN
"provided the spark that touched off the flame
of violence" during the demonstrations.
DEFENSE WITNESSES, directly contradict-
ing the Hoover Report and the .movie, have
testified that Meisenbach never hit an officer
at all, but that actually the officer hit the stu-
dent. Witnesses also testified, and demonstrat-
ed with photographs, that police turned fire
hoses on the demonstrating students some time
before Meisenbach's alleged "spark that touched
off the flame of violence."
As the trial progressed it became increasing-
ly clear that "witnesses had only confused
recollections to offer as evidence. No one knows
now, and no one will ever know, if Meisenbach
really clubbed an officer. But twelve people
are now going 'to make the decision on the
basis of conflicting testimony by policemen.
and other witnesses, their impressions of Berke-
ley, students, their impressions of Robert Meis-
enbach, their feelings about the danger and
extent of Communist infiltration in the United
States, and their opinions of the House Un-
American Activities Committee. The verdict,
therefore, will have little significance.
NEITHER THE TRIAL nor its conclusion will
contribute much to the basic question of
whether the House Un-American Activities
Committee is a valid and valuable institution.
The jury's decision on whether Meisenbach.
committed a crime while demonstrating against
HUAC says nothing about his justification for
demonstrating. At most, it is a, warning to fu-
ture demonstrators to be more circumspect.
The trial itself has shed some light on the
controversy over "Operation Abolition." One-
'complaint against the movie is that it assumes
the incident in San Francisco last May was a
riot, not simply a demonstration.
By acquitting Meisenlach the jury cannot
show conclusively that the event was not a
riot. But the conviction of Meisenbach, preced-
ed by a mass of conflicting evidence, could
not possibly prove that the incident was a riot
WHEN "OPERATION ABOLITION" is de-
bated, much of the case against it centers
on errors of fact. Meisenbach's trial, in showing
that Hoover and the House committee did not
have all available evidence when, they made
their statements about the student's conduct,
adds one more instance of demonstrable error.
The value;of the Meisenbach trial lies in the
questions that it leaves unanswered. They are
questions which Hoover, the House committee,
and too many other 'people have never asked,
but have proceeded to answer out of deliberate
ignorance.
--PAT GOLDEN
Acting Associate City Editor
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PEACE CORPS:
/N University Needed
YSCOPE:
Opposition Still Unheard
THE LAST of the April 3 election returns
ame in, there was some hope that Ann
r's political picture would return to some
sre of bi-partisanship in city govern-
, with the election 'of Prof. Lynn W. Eley
ie political science department as Demo-
c councilman from the first ward.
t through the previous year, Ann Arbor
eisted ,in its own version of "the era
>od feeling," with 'the city council and all
officials being, members of the Republican
be certain, this all-GOP line up did a
job of handling city affairs, but some
e of bi-partisanship was needed, if for no
High Minds
Y' MARKLEY
ssed sense of
again.
HALL, with its unsur-
the inappropriate, has
uge sign posted over the 'mailboxes yes-
Y announced the dorm's honors dinner,
g, "Heels and Hose for those with three
s and over."
s of course highly commendable that the
itory can see its way clear to intersperse
ive of "gracious living" inculcation with
ignition of the real goals of the Univer-
The fact that those in hose can look
their noses at those in bobby sox should
prove an incentive to raise one's grades.
better reason than to keep the Republicans
alert and on their toes.,
With Prof. Eley's election, the Republicans'
margin on the council was slashed from 11-0
to 10-1, but what mattered was that the "loyal
opposition" could now officially be heard-
a healthy situation in any governnment.
HOWEVER, it is sad to note that Prof. Eley
is not fulfilling the role of the "loyal
opposition." At Council meetings, he not only
does not effectively oppose but he often pre-
sents the impression of being the most un-
informed member.
Of course, Prof. Eley has had only a mgnth
to become oriented to his new duties, but this
does not excuse the weak opposition he presents'
in matters of partisan politics.
His manner, when he stands to voice 'his
thoughts, is almost apologetic, and no matter
how strongly he speaks out in the discussions,
he invariably votes with the Republicans in
the roll call.
Perhaps there is some reason behind this.
Ann Arbor Mayor Cecil 0. Creal is a forceful
person, and when he rises to explain away his
opposition, the lone Democrat seems to wilt,
and the Mayor invariably has the last word.
This .kind of opposition can not suffice. If
Prof. Eley is opposed to a measure, let him
vote against it, even though he might be the
lone dissenter, for he thus voices the feelings
of the opposition in Ann Arbor.
BUT I SUSPECT that the trouble lies deeper
than this. Perhaps the Democrats in Ann
Arbor do not really represent an ideological'
opposition tor the Republicans, but are just
another group with much the same philos-
ophies who want to grab power.
If this be true, then Democrats in Ann
Arbor are a perpetuated fiction. Alocal spokes-
man for the Democratic Committee on Con-
stitutional Convention has already gone on
record publically that she hopes everyone will
vote for the Republican nominee if he is the
better man, a virtual admission that the,
Democrats as a party will not be able to field
't, !AT'[.f A ctrh mtl ..n ncn-- .~- f.ti. e
(EDITOR'S NOTE: This is the
first of two articles on a proposal
to incorporate a United Nations
university in the Peace Corps pro-
gram. The second article appears
tomorrow.)
By BEATRICE TEODORO
Daily Staff Writer
MOST STUDIES on the proposed
Peace Corps have recommend-
ed that the program be established
under Athe auspices of the United
Nations on the logical assumption
that such a body would be more
effective than any single national
group in adminisering the world-
oriented plan.
-In a recent study, Americans
Committed to World Responsi-
bility suggested that a basic
training program for a UN-spon-
sored International Youth Service
should include a UN university.
Under ACWR's proposal, govern-
ments would send qualified stu-
dents to the university for train-
ing. At the end of their studies,
they would be transferred for work
in the UN's Expanded Technical
Assistance Program and the IYS.
*" . *'
THE UN UNIVERSITY would
direct its studies toward "economic
development, particularly the
problems and needs of the less
developed areas of the world and
ways of implemeting economic-
development projects."
It would be established under
the direct control of the UN Tech-
nical Assistance Committee. The.
governing body would be a 25
member Board of Trustees. The
Board would appoint a president,
responsible for the administration
of the university, under the direc-
tion and supervision of the Board.
It would also arrange plans for the
design, location and construction
of the university.
* * *
Sixteen members of the group
would be appointed by executive
heads of such UN progras as
Educationlal, Scientiic and Cul-
tural Organization; International
Bank for Reconstruction and De-
velopment;World Health Organi-
zation and the Economic Commis-
sions for Africa, Asia and the Far
East, Europe and Latin America.
UNDER THE REPORT'S recom-
mendations, the academic struc-
ture would have three divisions-
general studs, economic and
'K DAILY
OFFICIAL
BULLETIN
The Daily Official Bulletin is an
'Official publication of The Univer-
sity of Michigan for which The
Michigan Daily assumes no editorial
responsibility. Notces should be
sent in TYPEWRITTEN form to
Room 3519 Administration Building,
before Z p.m., two days preceding
publication.
WEDNESDAY, MAY 3
General Notices
Preliminary Examinations for the Doc-
torate in Education: All applicants for
the doctorate wh are planning to take
the May preliminary examinations in
Education, May 29, 30, 21,t and une 1,
must file their names in the Graduate
Office in Education, 4019 University
High School, not later than May 5.
Events Thursday
Lecture Postponed: Foreign Service
Officer, Lewis Gleeck, Jr., who was pre-
viously scheduled to speak in Aud.
C at 4:15 p.m. on Thurs., May 4, will
not appear as scheduled.
social development and interna-
tional research.
The first would contain graduate
schools in fields such as medicine,'
business administration, engineer-
ing, education, law and liberal arts.
This division would be valuable
because professional studies on a
graduate level may be non-existent
in underdeveloped areas. Estab-
lishment of the general studies
program in the UN university
would be less costly and as effec-
tive as setting up graduate schools
in each of these countries.
The division of economic and
social development would provide
"the theoretical and practical
training necessary to fulfill the-
needs of the UN and' underde-
veloped countries."
It would include departments
concerned with industrial,, agri-
cultural, educational, social, health
services and public administration
development. Each department
would structure its educational
program' on a regional basis, ^o-
ordinating it with the Economic
Commissions for Africa, Asia,
Europe and Latin America.
THE REPORT delineated five
levels of personnel instrumental to
the proposed international youth
service'program:
1) Operational-all skilled jun-
for personnel, either craftsmen,f
technicians or young graduates;
2) Instructory-educators, from
teachers of lower grades to 'ol-
lege professors;
3) Advisory--all UN experts now
working under the Expanded Tech-
nical Assistance Program and
other organizations;
4) Executive-individuals who
will occupy managerial positions
in host countries; also those who
will be given responsibility for
administering recommendations of
the advisory level;
5) Enterepreneurial-individuals
who will promote and carry out
major economic development pro-
jects such as establishment of
road construction enterprises, new
industries and educational li sti-
tutes.
* * *
IT WAS the assumption of the
report that "most of the overall
effectiveness of any program of'
economic development will depend
on the avallibilit of entrepreneur-
ial-skilled individuals. It, should
be one of the most important
duties of the UN university to pro=
vide for the recruiting and train-
ing of such persons who play de-
cisive roles in determining the
rate of industrialization of the less.
developed countries."
The final division of interna-
tional research would provide an'
outlet for exchange of ideas "with-
out committing the individuals to
their governments." This division
is practical because advanced
technological equipment can be
collected in a central institution
instead of spreading it thinly
through regional training centers.
, FACULTY MEMBER'S would
come from universities all over the
world, selected according to pre-
determined UN requirements. Ad-
ditional faculty would be UN ex-
perts working in specialized fields
and international visiting lectur-
ers in the professions.
Student enrollment would come
through two sources: a govern-
ment selection board and indi-
vidual application through the uni-
versity. Individual governments
could finance the students they
sponsor, while the UN would fur-
nish loans for independent stu-
dents, repayable after service with
the UN.
* * *
THE REPORT recommended the
stipulation that every student serve
at least two years with the Inter-
national Youth Service after com-
pleting UN university training. If,
he should fail to complete the
course of study or fulfill his youth
service obligation, he would be re-
quired to repay his financial
sponsor for the cost of his train-
ing.
-Modern Age
acts, in Cuba and elsewhere, canc
elements more firmly into the
arms of Soviet Russia. Fidel Cas-
tro has now proclaimed a socialist
(Communist) state and completely
repudiated his original promise of
elections.
The United States continues to
say that it will not counter Fidel-
ism with direct military inter-
vention.
At the same time Kennedy and
many of his advisers are known
to think that additional economic
sanctions can make small contri-
bution to the eventual downfall of
Castro. A blockade cutting off Cu-
ban trade, especially supplies from
the Communist sphere, might have
an effect, but would be a virtual
act of war with many ramifica-
tions in Latin American and world
opinion.
THE ABORTIVE INVASION is
still a topic of world discussion
and criticism. It has been gettig
more attention than Laos in the
British press, which still bitterly
remembers the American reaction
to Suez in 1956.
One point of takeoff for much
of'the criticism is that the United
States seems to be turning toward
a military answer for Communist
expansionist tactics. The Man-
chester Guardian Weekly says
this is to ignore the real nature
of the world conflict, which it
described as ideological.
This argument has been made
repeatedly in the United States
also, as a parallel to the theory
that the war is primarily economic.
But the arming of Castro and
Laotian rebels by the Soviet Union
are not ideological measures, nor
is the massing of Communist
troops in China and North Viet
Nam whose only objective must be
Southeast Asia. Nor is the con-
stant attention of Red China and
the Soviet Union to objectives to
which are a part of their tradi-
tional, not merely Communistic,
policies of territorial expansion.
* * *
THE UNITED STATES is now
seeking the answers - to broader
problems than Cuba.
Large economic and educational
programs testify that the ideo-
logical and economic conflicts have
not been forgotten.
But the emphasis now is on pre
venting Communist conquest and
consolidation of territorial gains
into an eventually irresistible
force, which would leave Western
culture with no field on which to
fight.
,Dtnction
ANTI-CO&MUNISM, like any
embattled movement, brings
people of widely disparate views
together for what seems to be a
moment of truth. But the con-
servative may be readily distin-
guished from those who are merely
anti-communist. He believes that
the state exists for the individual,
not the other way around, in the
need to extend as far as possible
the choice and consent of the in-
dividual ..
I I;ELIEVE that we are the
government and we have not only
the right but the responsibility to
question and challenge policies
that are being formulated for us.
It is not the person who speaks
up that is un-American, but the
person who sits back and assumes
no responsibility for his govern-
ment.
.-Gary Gilbar,'63A
(Letters to the Editor should be
limited to' 300 words, typewritten
and' double spaced. The Daily re-
serves the 'right to edit or withhold
any letter. Only signed letters will
be printed.)
only serve to drive pro-Communist
LETERS
to the
EDITOR
Petersont .. .
To the Editor:
IT HAS COME to our attention
that Mr. Ward Peterson of the)
Placement Bureau wears a beret,
and we consider it our duty as
loyal Americans to point out the
grave implications of such apparel.
It is not widely known that such
unsavory individuals as Jean-Paul
Sartre, Che Guevara, Robert An-
gell, and Paul Henle-men whose
characters are well known-wear
berets. It is also the case that the
beret is the official head gear of
certain foreign armies.
But let us refrain from' render-
ing Mr. Peterson guilty by associa-
tion. In the interest of justice and
Americanism we must ask him
several questions:
1) ARE YOU WEARING that
thing for a joke? If so, you show
a most serious disregard for the
accepted standards of good taste
and the University's good name.
2) Are you going to keep that
thing on? If, so, you do so at your
own risk,
3) Were you wearing that thing
when you got your present job?
Surely not.
MR. PETERSON can remove all
doubt as to his loyality by a public
disclaimer. We suggest that this
might take the form of burning
his beret on the diag at an an-
nounced time on May Day next.
May we reiind Mr. Peterson to
enclose a photograph with 'all
future job applications.,
-A. Hugh Fleetwood
-Morris J. Starsky
Department of Philosophy
Questions . .
To the Editor:
HAVE A QUESTION, which I
hope has only one aniswer. What
are we as Americans suppose to
believe?
Should we believe our govern-
ment as the truth? Can we, after
we have, seen' that it 'is willing to
distort the truth as is coming to
light in its foreign policy and in
the HUAC. Do we have the right
to demand the truth of our public
servants, even though it might ,be
unpleasant?
James B' Angell Abraham Lincoln
Uncle Sam
Charles Darwin
-J. OPPENHEIM
Editorial Staff
THOMAS HAYDEN, Editor{
N MARKEL JEAN SPENCER
ty Editor Editorial Director
Business Staff
DITH NICHOLSON, Business Manager
SUMMER PLACEMENT SERVICE:
Give These Men a Chance!
REGARDLESS of the policies set
by university summer place-
ment bureaus, many bearded men
of the past have been able to se-
cure jobs.,
A short sampling includes:
ABRAHAM LINCOLN - Presi-
dent of the Tnited States ( R60
plaque in said building bears this
eulogy:
"His whole life was an embodi-
ment of those ideals of democracy
and service upon which the Uni-
versity of Michigan Union was
founded and to which it is dedi-
cated." A very large campus struc-