Seventy-Third Year
" EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS
here Opinions Are Free STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG., ANN ARBOR, MICH., PHONE NO 2-3 241
Truth Will Prevail"
Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.
PURITAN ETHIC OUTDATED:
Tax Cut Necessary for Prosperity
)AY, MAY 7, 1963
NIGHT EDITOR: GAIL EVANS
Hinsdale Protest Ignores
Pilot Project Benefits
HINSDALE HOUSE in East Quadrangle un-
fortunately has seen fit to protest against
is inclusion in the Pilot Project, one of the
ew good things ever to happen to the quad-
angles.
The Pilot Project, brainchild of the literary
ollege and the Office of Student Affairs, aims
,t "a built-in intellectual atmosphere" in se-
ect quadrangle houses. It finds a sound
hilosophical basis in the "dedivorcement"
heory of Prof. Theodore M. Newcomb of the
ociology and psychology departments, which
mphasizes that the educational atmosphere
f the classroom should not be divorced from
he living situation and peer group.
The idea is excellent. What students need
pore than anything else-and lack more than
nything else-is some integration between
heir classwork and their social life, which a
ing arrangement like project houses can
N r
THE UNIVERSITY is host this week to a
conference on a serious but often ignored
national problem. The 100 delegates at the
National Conference on Outdoor Recreation
Research are facing the problem of what to do
about our disappearing natural areas.
We live in a nation whose highways, shopping
centers, junkyards and factories are multiply-
ng even faster than its people. Urbanization
s rapidly rendering inaccessible many pleas-
ures which our ancestors took for granted: na-
ure, fresh air, solitude and even adequate liv-
ng space.,
At the same time technology is gobbling up
he supply of these irreplaceable commodities,
t is increasing the demand for them by pro-
viding Americans with more leisure. Secretary
>f Agriculture Orville Freeman predicted yes-
erday that this demand will increase at least
hreefold in less than, 15 years. Thus, we have
beaches that look like Grand Central Station,
ampgrounds that have aptly been described as
rural slums" and boaters regulated like rush-
iour freeway traffic.
These are the formidable "givens" the con-
erence delegates face. American society has
eft them, and ultimately itself, in quite a di-
emma. It is too late to stop the population
rowth that has already occurred or to turn
existing factory sites back into virgin forest.
But hopefully,, the research work emerging
or this conference will find some answers to
hese problems-or at least help America the
3eautiful to make the best use of what little
beauty she has left.
--K. WINTER
I.
provide. The peer group exercises potent in-
fluence which should be put to good use
through a built-in intellectual atmosphere.
THE PROJECT was introduced last fall in
Greene House in East Quad and Little House
in Mary Markley. A survey taken by the
Greene House staff shows that the project
has won the favor of a majority of both the
freshmen and upperclassmen who have ex-
perienced it this year.,
In contrast to its present acceptance
of the project was Greene's opposition last
spring, which resembles the opposition of Hins-
dale this spring. Both protests came before the
students were fully informed about the project
and were based on prejudgement and emotion.
Hinsdale's reasons for protesting include the
fear that the project will destroy its "en-
gineering tradition and spirit," according to
Hinsdale president Gerald L. Solensky. What
exactly does an engineering tradition involve-
panty raids, perhaps? At any rate it is doubt-
ful that an engineering tradition is superior
to the intellectual atmosphere at which the
project aims.
HINSDALE ALSO OBJECTS, more validly,
that the project will destroy diversification.
But those who desire diversification can live
elsewhere, leaving project 'houses for those
who prefer a more concentrated intellectual
atmosphere. In addition, there is plenty of
diversification among literary 'college students,
who range from micro-biologists to poets.
Hinsdale's final-and best-argument is that
it was not consulted about its inclusion in
the project and was told about it too late to
change living arrangements for next year. This
was an unforgivable disregard of student rights
by the OSA, which should now allow discon-
tented men who arranged to live in Hinsdale
next year to change their arrangements. But
an OSA mistake should not cause the whole
project to fail.
Nor should the OSA change its decision to
include Hinsdale in the project. When the
Board of Governors approved Greene as the
first project house, it left any expansion to
administrative discretion. The administration
was correct in choosing Hinsdale as the logical
place to expand because of its proximity to
Greene.
The project's officials are meeting with the
men of Hinsdale Wednesday night to exchange
viewpoints. Hopefully the men will listen to
reason and not jeopardize a project which,
through a better staff and closer contact with
faculty associates, will benefit them as well as
next semester's incoming freshmen.
-BURTON MICHAELS
By ROBERT SELWA
ALMOST EVERYONE is for a
tax cut. President John F.
Kennedy is proposing it. Demo-
crats and Republicans alike are
supporting the idea. Both business
and labor leaders are for it. And
naturally most taxpayers would
not mind paying a smaller income
tax.
What is the problem then? It
is twofold: President Kennedy
wants tax reform to go with the
tax cut, and he wants to increase
government expenditures which in
turn would increase the federal
deficit. Tax reform would elimi-
nate some ways in which many
people avoid paying taxes. These
taxpayers could end up paying
even more despite the tax cut if
it were accompanied by reform.
The hesitancy about increasing
federal expenditures and deficit
is a result of the Puritan ethic, a
name aptly coined by Walter Hel-
ler, chairman of the President's
Council of Economic Advisers.
Those caught up in the Puritan
ethic transfer the traditional
American notions about personal
saving to the realm of government
policy. Because individuals earn a
penny every time they save one,
government should do the same,
according to the Puritan ethic.
The legend goes that since it is
good for a person to save money
and bad for him to lose it, it is
good for a government to run a
surplus and bad to run a deficit.
Combined with thisfallacy of
composition is the fear some
people have concerning the grow-
ing national debt-largely an ir-
rational fear.
* * *
THOSE WHO HOLD to simple
old myths should look at the his-
torical record of economic growth
and should reason out the benefits
from the combination of a tax
cut and increased government
spending. As Prof. Paul Samuel-
son of Massachusetts Institute of
Technology points out, England
in 1818, 1923 and 1946 had an in-
ternal debt estimated at more than
twice national income, and her in-
terest on the debt as a percentage
of national income far exceeded
anything that we need look for-
ward to; yet, the century before
World War I was England's great-
est century- greatest in power
and material progress.
The argument for tax cuts over-
laps the argument for gov-
ernment expenditure. Each can
assist economic growth in its own
way and the two together offer
the best prospect of speeding up
growth.
Statistically, what President
Kennedy is proposing is a $13.3
billion reduction of taxes for low-
er, middle and upper income earn-
ers and for corporations. His pro-
posals for tax reform would bring
back to the government some $3.3
billion of the $13.3 billion. The
tax cuts would be phased out over
three years beginning this year
with a $2.7 billion reduction. For
the family earning $7500 this
would mean a tax cut of $220 for
the year or $4.25 more a week in
take-home pay.
* *
MEANWHILE, the government
is running a deficit this fiscal
year of $8.8 billion. President Ken-
nedy estimates that, with the tax
proposals in action and with the
$98.8 billion budget he seeks, there
would be a deficit of $11.9 billion
-the second largest in peacetime.
The important figure to look at
is that additional $4.25 that the
average father would bring home
each week. Chances are that Dad's
marginal propensity to save will
be about one-third which means
that he would put $1.50 more with
a required reserve ratio of one-
fifth, the bank will keep 30 cents
on hand and lend out the rest for
investment. The process keeps on
going until the $1.50 does $7.50
worth of work.
Some $2.75 of Dad's $4.25 is left
and the kids know it. They move
in quickly. Junior asks for $1.75
for a new baseball bat and daugh-
ter Sue takes the rest of it for
a Peanuts book. Across the land,
the demand rises for bats, books
and countless other products.
Noting this increased demand,
manufacturers will feel encouraged
to raise the prices of their pro-
ducts and to make more of them.
i./
a l. ~r"' , 4 .1 N7 IM /.i ny ±
. J
t ,cY',.1' 1 , _,4!° lt +ts1 ++,; ; yit ..rw. ,..'s..M}
'p" d ' 4
Sg s 9
'BIRDS':
A Cheap
Thrill
T SUPPOSE that someone once
asked whether success would
spoil Alfred Hitchcock, and, at
last, here is his answer. With
"The Birds," Hitchcock has driven
his art to its farthest extreme:
nothing matters any more but the
scary parts. By "nothing" I mean
trivia like a structure for the
plot, or acting which, while it
doesn't"have to strike you dead
in your chair, ought to be some-
how believable. Gone also are all
traces of wit from the dialogue.
* * *
ALL THESE things conspire to
cloak the film in the kind of un-
reality which normally would make
you wish you had brought along
a flashlight and a, comic book.
Now about those scary parts: I
must concede that I was awfully
frightened, butIam not at all
sure that those were not the
cheapest thrills that Alfred Hitch-
cock ever got. It's one thing to
enjoy being frightened half to
death but quite another to hate
yourself for it the morning after.
Like most cheap thrills, the reason
why is simply that you have been
to0-k.
If the limitations of the movie
made it necessary to achieve the
terror at the .expense of all the
rest, then there would be some
sort of low-grade aesthetic ques-
tion as to whether it was worth it.
But since there was no such neces-
sity to sacrifice anything, a view-
er is left to decide whether Hitch-
cock has transcended conventional
cinematographic considerations
and is now directing from a pin-
nacle of horror which leaves the
rest of the dramatic terrain flat-
tened out far below and insin
fiatin perspective, or whether
Hitchcock knows easy money when
he sees it and is playing his sys-
tem for a winning and his au-
dience for a fool.
SINCE the former alternative is
patently unlikely, Tut the latter
doesn't square with your opinion
of yourself, a certain tension is
set up somewhere around the pit
of your stomach. To relieve it,
you may invent ingenious symbolic
devices to fill the vacuous plot.
Most likely you will prefer to
forget the entire affair, leaving
behind the maze of meaningless
clues, the impotent parody of
small town life, the worst child
actress° of the year, and the
fashionable forecast of world's end.
After all, these are the trappings
of all that's worst in Saturday
matinee horror festivals, and
those movies, by their simple un-
pretentiousness achieve a perfec-
tion which Alfred Hitchcock can
never hope for.
--Dick Pollinger
-4
',IRUMMtESS
IS TERIBLE."
HE LIAISON
Philip Sutin, Acting National Concerns Editor
They will buy more primary ma-
terials and will employ more work-
ers. The chain reaction promotes
greater production and higher em-
ployment throughout the economy
since each product and each job
is dependent on another product
and another job. And consumption
and investment and net national
product rise not only because of
the higher disposable incomes of
individuals, but also because of the
greater activity of corporations
who are also using their tax break.
WHAT ABOUT the third com-
ponent of net national product,
government expenditure? Presi-
dent Kennedy's budget would in-
crease it several billion dollars.
This would entail a large deficit
since the government would take
in only an estimated $86 billion.
This deficit and the possibility of
inflation open the way for ob-
jections. The objections to the
deficit are partly a Puritan myth,
as noted, but' the danger of in-
flation is real. A manufacturer as
he observes demand pushing up
price might let it go at that, con-
tinuing the same rate of supply.
The result would not only be in-
flation but also continuation of
high unemploymept, which is 5.6
per cent today, and a failure to
spread the new prosperity.
Still the overall pattern would
be a greater flow of goods and
services, stimulation of the econ-
omy and some increase in the net
national product. Since the tax
cuts would be phased out over
three years, these benefits would
continue for a fair length of time.
But three years and $13.3 bil-
lion in cuts are not really enough,
as some critics have pointed out.
W. P. Gullanders, president of
the National Association of Manu-
facturers suggests a $20 billion
tax cut spread over five years. He
warned Congress that 10.5 million,
Americans-more than double the
present number-will be out of
work by 1970 if the economy pro-
gresses as slowly as it has for the
past five years.
THE WASHINGTON POST also,
finds that President Kennedy's
program is too mild. His goals of
lowering unemployment to four
per cent and of raising investment
from nine to 11 per cent will not
be reached by the proposed tax
reductionbecause this reduction
will be more than offset by in-
creases in taxes elsewhere, the
Post predicts. For example, state
and local taxes are expected to
rise by at least $3 billion as the.
result of, legislative sessions in 47
states.,
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR:
'Gargoyl e':How Amusing
BIRTH CONTROL is moving from the shad-
ows. After years of remaining the private
solution to overpopulation fears, the issue has
exploded into front page stories as its pro-
ponents are attempting to make the propaga-
ion of birth control a public policy.
This occurence is long overdue. Social sci-
mtists have been pointing with varying degrees
)f alarm to the world's expanding population
;ince World War II. Yet the public has failed
o see the long range threat and has tended to
beep talk about birth control to the privacy
of the bedroom.
Several major scientific organizations, in-
luding the influential National Academy of
Sciences and the American College of Obste-
ricians, have commended birth control as a
neans of meeting the population problem. They
tressed the need for intensive research to per-
fect contraceptives.
SHE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT is also modi-
fying its diffident stand toward birth con-
rol. Since last fall, it has authorized giving
echnical advice on birth control to foreign
ountries that request it. The government is
actively sponsoring fertility research that may
ead to new or more effective contraceptive
neasures. It spent $4.1 million on such research
ast year.
There are even indications that the Catholic
Church may change its adamant position
gainst birth control and go beyond the hit-
r-miss rhythm method. Science magazine re-
ently reported that a "number" of bishops at
ast fall's Ecumenical Council sought to modify
;e Church's position. Pope Pius XII left an
pening for change when he hoped that "med-
cal science will succeed in giving this permis-
ible method a sufficiently safe basis." This
2-year-old statement has been interpreted to
nean that if an alternate method that is suf-
iciently "natural" is found, the Church will
nodify its anti-contraceptive stand.
Professor Emeritus John Rock of Harvard, an
mportant gynecologist who led the develop-
nent of the contraceptive pill for women, is
attempting to find a loophole. In a recent book,
he argued that the "pill" would allow women to
Catholic position, he did not denounce the
book's thesis, seeing many good points in its
description of fertility research needs. This at-
titude, following other recent statements, in-
dicates that the Church, in its tradition bound,
slow way is attempting to find a way out of
its implacable position.
HOWEVER, THIS HAS NOT hindered the
fight against birth control. An attempt by
Illinois Public Aid Commission chairman Ar-
nold H. Maremont to support 'Cook County's
program of supplying contraceptives to un-
wed mothers on relief was a major factor caus-
ing him to lose his job. The harsh criticism he
and the Chicago program have received seem to
place it in jeopardy.
Opposition to governmental birth control
programs is unfortunate for the population ex-
plosion makes it imperative that public action
be taken. Birth control can no longer remain a
private matter to be discussed by husbands and
wives alone. Government must attempt to elim-
inate blind spots-like Chicago's welfare re-
cipients whose birth rate equals that of India--
and make sure that information and contra-
ceptive devices are readily available to every-
one.
The population explosion is continuing to
mushroom. Experts claim world population is
growing at an exponential rate and many cur-
rent problems are caused or aggravated by it.
These difficulties may be as close as the Uni-
versity, struggling to accommodate the baby
boom, or as far away as India where an ex-
panding birth rate is eating up advances made
by foreign aid.
GOVERNMENT SHOULD NOT require birth
control; it should only promote and facili-
tate it. Federal, state and local governments
should make sure birth control devices and in-
formation are easily available to all its citi-
zens. They should actively sponsor research to
perfect new and more acceptable methods as
well as means for extending popular support.
Use of contraceptives should be left to in-
dividual conscience, but birth control opponents
should let government proceed with its pro-
For best achievement of nation-
al growth, all three national pro-
duct components shouldt grow.
3overnment expenditures will grow
and the nation would benefit
through an expanded program of
public works. Investment and con-
sumption will grow througha fed-
eral tax cut which is larger than
other tax iftcreases. If justice is
to be served, tax reform should
be enacted as well as tax cuts. But.
these are separate needs that
should be met individually and the
first need is a huge tax cut.
To the Editor:
WOULD like to commend the
editors of the latest issue of,
Gargoyle on their absolutely splen-
did production of a campus humor
magazine. It isn't - perfect, of
course, but it isn't far away from
perfection in its marvelous dis-
play of fine writing, fine jokes,
fine pictures and a very fine over-
all display of good humor.
I especially liked the way it
extracts humor from life, showing
people in their natural situations,
subject to their natural idiocyn-
crasies, stumbling into natural
everyday dilemmas which just
happen to be very funny because
they are so incongruous and un-
planned. Such is what most people
at the University would probably
call good humor and I'm happy
to see this magazine has truly
caught the sparkle of "good hu-
mor."
An admirable quality of this
edition is its subtle treatment of
sex humor, presenting the material,
with a double-meaning, or by im-
plication, where one meaning sug-
gests a more elusive opposite one.
This treatment, of course, appeals
to educated people (which Gar-
goyle recognizes there are at this
University) more so than the gross
unimaginative and single-meaning
humor in which others, less artis-
tically oriented and more devoted
to wasting their and other's time,
will indulge.
* '* *
THERE IS, I imagine, always
the tendency in a humor maga-
zine to simulate humor, out of
phony, unlifelike situations, show-
ing distorted and perverted pic-
tures and photographs, writing
jokes which border on the teen-
age standard of obscenity and
which tend only to lay bare to
the public the irhibitions which
lie inside the mind. This portrays,
the ugliness rather than the hu-
mor of life, and I'm glad to see
Gargoyle has carefully avoided
such a tendency.
If the editors had not so pains-
takingly limited their humor to
very witty and intelligent journal-
ism and to conventional require-
ments of good taste, they might
have run the risk of compromising
even more the already compromis-
ed American college student in the
eyes of the non-collegiate popula-
tion. They might have compromis-
ed the reputation of the Univer-,
sity. They might even have com-
promised their own standing as
thinking members of the Univer-
sity community.
They assure their magazine as
long a life at the University as. it
deserves.
--Arthur J. Levy, '65L
To the Editor:
N THE MAY issue of the Gar-
Boyle, I am listed as managing
editor. This was apparently a
copy-reading error as I resigned
from the staff of Gargoyle on
April 17. I do not, wish to take
any credit away from the true
editors.
I resigned my staff position for
two reasons:
1) The editor of Gargoyle had
had , much of the copy already
type-set before I had been given
the opportunity to edit or even
select it.
2) At that time, I read the
remainder of the copy and made
a number of criticisms, all of
which were ignored.
I would like to say again that
I had virtually nothing to do with
the May issue as regards copy
selection, editing and page lay-
outs or the job of a managing
editor.
-Lynne Friedrich,'6>
I
FEIFFER
FAR OF W
tOAV6 O
C0 }SUL)N L
aVJTgqALt
/ja6
JAI1
'4! .&
W6 tv
OLTIRATCMI
Bove 1
% &
4/j
uOA1 VRWE /
vJ6 HU~f
FOIAM.~
COlJSLMtA/.
/1
/
VAP90('OU
-AO NOli1bJ
/4>2
i