27, 1962
THE MICHIGAN DAILY
PAGE TErM'
27, 1962 TUE MICHIGAN DAILY PAI'U~
t h"iri 1 it iL G Ti
donesians
Threaten
) Continue Landings
Dutch New Guinea
..
-----.,
FRENCH VERDICT:
Jouhaud Faces Death
If Terrorists Continue
PARIS (WP) - French authorities yesterday in effect put the fate
of ex-Gen. Edmond Jouhaud into the hands of his own Secret Army
in Algeria.
Highly laced sources said the death sentence against the Secret
Army's second-in-command will be carried out unless Secret Army
terrorism eases up considerably in the next three days.
In Algerian cities, the Euroean underground organization loosed
a series of assassinations and bomb blasts without sign of a letup
" in its campaign to block inde-
S -, tr ,rte- - endence for Algeria
AIVA Head
Crite izesBill
CHICAGO (P) - The president
of the American Medical Associa-
tion said yesterday the adminis-
tration's proposed medicare pro-
gram for the aged would cost the
taxpayer twice as much as Presi-
dent John F. Kennedy and other
proponents of the legislation have
said.
Dr. Leonard W. Larson said the
King-Anderson bill would cost
$27.50 annually for Ahe worker
earning $5,200 a year. This, he
said, is more than double the es-
timate of $13 a year made by Pres-
ident Kennedy.
Addressing a convention of the
National Parking Association, he
said:
"The King-Anderson bill calls
for a quarter per cent increase in
social security taxes on the em-
ploye and one-quarter of one er-
cent on the employer on a tax
base of $5,200.
"This is $13 a year for the wage-
earner making $5,200."
Condemned to death April 13 for
his role in the Secret Army, Jou-
haud obtained a temporary stay of
execution from the Supreme Court
on his attorney's request for a
new trial. The court will act Tues-
day.
If, as expected, the court rejects
the request, there would be no
further bar to the execution ex-
cept executive clemency by Pres-
ident Charles de Gaulle. De Gaulle
now is reported determined not to
intervene unless the Secret Army
leadership halts the wave of ter-
rorism in Algiers and Oran.
One basis for the apeal to the
Sureme Court was the verdict of
the special military tribunal in the
case of ex-Gen. Raoul Salan, lead-
er of the Secret Army, who was
let off with life imprisonment be-
cause of "extenuating circum-
stances."
It is.an open secret in Paris that
de- Gaulle was infuriated by the
tribunal's decision in the Salan
case. The president feels that it
gives new hope to the Secret Army
and tends to demoralize police and
army officers who are risking their
lives fighting the Secret Army in
Algeria.
Accept Plan
To Negotiate
On Territory
Dutch Refuse Pledge
To Transfer Control
UNITED NATIONS (W)-Foreign
Minister Subandrio of Indonesia
promised yesterday Indonesian
forces will continue to land in
West New Guinea in efforts to
wrest the territory from the Dutch.
In a letter to acting UN Sec-
retary-General U Thant, Suban-
drio at the same time repeated
Indonesian acceptance of a pro-
posal by United States diplomat
Ellsworth Bunker for settlement
of the long-festering dispute over
the jungle territory.
Accept Plan
The Dutch government said
Thursday it was ready to accept
the Bunker plan as a basis for fur-
ther negotiation with Indonesia-
but without any prior pledge to
transfer administration of the
territory to the Jakarta govern-
ment. The chief Netherlands dele-
gate to the UN, Carl W. A. Schur-
mann, formally informed Thant
yesterday of the Dutch stand on
the Bunker plan.
Subandrio's letter to Thant said:
"Indonesians who have entered
and in the future will continue
to enter West Irian (Netherlands
New Guinea) are Indonesian na-
tionals who move into Indonesia's
own territory now dominated by
the Dutch by force."
Dead Parachutist
In Hollandia, New Guinea, the
Dutch government information
service reported Saturday an In-
donesian parachutist was killed
near Teminabuan in extreme West
New Guinea in latest fighting with
Dutch armed forces.
Dutch Prime Minister Jan E.
De Quay urged Thant on May 16
to request Indonesia "to refrain
from all aggressive action" against
New Guinea.
DISARMAMENT CONGRESS:
Soviets Organize
Peace Offns ive'
By JOHN M. HIGHTO WER
Associated Press News Analyst
WASHINGTON W)P) - The Soviet government is organizing a
mammoth new peace offensive aimed at polishing up Russia's self-
appointed role as leader in the world peace movement.
Whatever reputation Moscow had in that role was badly tarnished
by its resumption of nuclear weapons testing last fall. The United
States government has decided to discourage American citizens from
becoming involved in the climax of the Soviet campaign in Moscow
in July. A "World Congress *for General Disarmament and Peace" has
been called there. Even the Soviet embassy in Washington is now
involved, at least in a minor way, in promoting it.
United States officials said today they expect that some Amer-
icans, notably including Cleveland industrialist Cyrus Eaton, long-
time advocate of closer United States-Soviet relations, will attend
the Congress.
Russell Backs Meeting
Bertrand Russell, the 90-year-old British philosopher and pacifist.
says he will serve as a sponsor of the affair despite threats to expel
him from the British Labor Party if he does so. Americans who ask
the State Department's advice are being told that the big Moscow
gathering will be completely in the control of Soviet propagandists and
that persons from outside have no prospect of influencing the outcome.
The State Department is thus discouraging people from going but is
not putting any other real obstacles in their way.
State Department experts say the Peace Congress-will give Moscow
its biggest propaganda spectacle in about four years. The last com-
parable session there was a World Youth Festival. The buildup for the
conference is expected here to have some influence over Soviet policy
on Berlin, Laos and other issues
which may arise.
However, it is not expected to
have any effect whatever on So- : -::
viet weapons testing policy, United' : -
States officials believe, because
Russia presumably wants to test -
in order to preserve or advance its
place in the arms race. At the
same time Premier Nikita S.
Khrushchev obviously needs to do-
what he can to offset the adverse
impact on Russia's propaganda
position of the test series begin-
ning last Setember.
Self-Styled Leader
Since Russia has always consid-
ered its self-styled role as leader
of the world's search for peace to
be important to its real power po-
sition, Khrushchev can be expect-
ed now to make peace propaganda
his guiding rule for the next sever-
al months wherever he can do so BERTRAND RUSSELL
without excessive cost. State De-
partment officials believe Khrush- . . . sponsors conference
chev wants to prolong the period of lower tensions in the world, any-
way.
By contrast Khrushchev is believed to be under strong pressures
to resume testing. The series last fall, which broke a three-year east-
west moratorium on nuclear explosions, is reported to have given
indications of new weapons developments which Soviet military men
certainly want to carry through. In addition the Soviets would want
to offset any progress made in United States testing now under way.
By KATHRYN VOGT
The United Nations General As-
sembly has initiated proceedings
before the International Court of
Justice to determine whether UN
members are obligated to pay for
military operations in the Congo
and Middle East,
Article 17 of the UN Charter
says that the organization's ex-
penses must be borne by members
as apportioned by the General As-
sembly.
The United States has argued
that the UN does have the power,
exercised in resolutions levying as-
sessments, to require its members
to pay for lawfully made expendi-
tures.
Nations supporting the U.S. view
and also presenting arguments be-
fore the court include Australia,
'Rush, Aiphand,
To View Policy
WASHINGTON (-P)-Policy dif-
ferences between the United States
and France are due for discussion
Monday in a meeting between
Secretary of State Dean Rusk and
French Ambassador Herve Alp-
hand.
Presumably the two diplomats
will try to find ways of minimizing
disagreements and emphasizing
points of common interest in the
relations of Washington and Paris.
Differences between the two
Western Allies include French
President Charles de Gaulle's de-
termination to carry forward plans
for a national French nuclear
weapons force and President John
F. Kennedy's disapproval of these
plans.
Canada, Iran, Italy, the, Nether-
lands, Norway, and Britain.
The Soviet Union contends that
these expenses do not have to be
paid by all countries because the
expenses were not in the regular
UN budget, and that the General
Assembly exceeded its powers in
voting the military operations
costs.
Russia bases its objections to
making the payments on two legal
grounds: the party who is respon-
sible should pay, in the case of the
Congo, that party is Belgium; the
General Assembly does not have
the right to enact means of main-
taining international peace and se-
curity-these powers belong to the
Security Council.
Refuse Costs
France, Portugal, South Africa,
and most of the Arab countries al-
so support this position and have
refused to meet the costs appor-
tioned to them.
Peacekeeping operations in the
Congo and Middle East areas are
costing the UN almost $12 million
a month. Acting UN Secretary-
General U Thant foresees a $170
million deficit unless these bills'
are paid. More than twenty na-
tions have pledged to purchase
part of a $200 million bond issue
to alleviate the financial crisis.
According to Prof. Eric Stein,
of the law school, the issue involv-
ed in this case reverts back to Ar-
ticle 19 of the United Nations
Charter, which states: "A Mem-
ber of the United Nations which
is in arrears in the payment of its
financial contributions to the Or-
ganization shall have no vote in
the General Assembly if the
amount of its arrears equals or
exceeds the amount of the con-
tributions due from it for the pre-
ceding two full years."
Article 19 has never been in-
voked. However, if the World
Court advises that payment for the
Congo and Middle East operations
is mandatory, the UN may have to
decide whether to impose Article
19, risking the possible withdrawal
of the Soviet Union and other
member nations and endangering
the future of the organization.
The opinion of the court is not
binding; however, it is not likely
that the UN will ignore the ad-
vice of its own judiciary body,
Prof. Stein says.
In any case, the decision will
have a profound effect on the
United Nations' future financial
assurances, in determining mone-
tary sources for further opera-
tions.
GOP Moves
To Fight Bill
WASHINGTON M-)-Senate Re-
publicans tightened their lines
yesterday for an attack on what
one ofthem called a political
slush fund provision in the ad-
ministration's $1.5 billion public
works bill.
The Senate will take up a modi-
fied version of the bill Monday.
Democratic Leader Mike Mans-
field of Montana said he expects
passage Tuesday.
Minority Leader Everett M.
Dirksen of Illinois said after a
conference with GOP members of
the public Works Committee he
believes most of his party mem-
bers will vote against giving Pres-
ident John F. Kennedy standby
authority to initiate projects in
a threatened recession.
View UN Obligations
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By The Associated Press \
TAIPEI-Chinese Nationalist of-
ficials said last night they are
going ahead with plans for re-
settlement of refugees from Com-
munist China despite the sudden
end of mass flights to Hong Kong.
LONDON-Eight small British
island colonies in the Caribbean
reached agreement Thursday to
form the West Indies Federation
with its capital at Barbados.
* * *
BERLIN-Four blasts in 15 min-
utes ripped the Red wall in Berlin
yesterday and heightened tension
over the fatal shooting of an East
German border guard. About 50
East German police rushed to the
scene and West Berlin riot police
appeared when one predawn ex-
plosion knocked a six-foot hole in
the wall that winds for 25 miles
across the city.
* * *
POINT MUGU, Calif.-A Nike
Zeus anti-missile rocket shot
straight up itno the sky yester-
day in a test of the solid-fuel pro-
jectile's ability to reach. an ex-
tremely high altitude in seconds.
All three stages were fired in the
test, which Army spokesmen term-
ed "100 per cent successful."
* * *
WASHINGTON-Support from
all recent presidential candidates
of both major political parties was
reported yesterday for recommen-
dations of a White House Commis-
sion for Financing Presidential
Campaigns. Approving statements
from Dwight D. Eisenhower, Harry
S. Truman, Richard M. Nixon, Ad-
lai E. Stevenson and Thomas E.
Dewey were made public by the
White House.
LAGOS, Nigeria-Federal police
hurled tear-gas bombs Friday to
break up two stormy fist-fighting
sessions of the Western Regional
Legislature at Ibadan. The violence
prompted Nigerian Prime Minis-
ter Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa
to summon the National Parlia-
ment into extraordinary session.
* *
CAIRO - Gamal Abdel Nasser
said yesterday he does not want
to be president for the rest of his
life. He denounced one-man rule
and suggested a collective leader-
ship for his United Arab Repub-
lic.
OKLAHOMA CITY-W. P. Bill
Atkinson joined former Gov. Ray-
mond Gary yesterday in asking for
a recount of ballots that showed
Atkinson the apparent winner by
449 votes in last Tuesday's pri-
mary runoff election. The men are
opponents for the Democratic
nomination for governor.
* * *
GENEVA-United States Am-
bassador Arthur H. Dean and So-
viet Deputy Foreign Minister Val-
erian A. Zorin, co-chairmen of the
17-nation Disarmament Confer-
ence, met privately yesterday to
begin drafting the conference re-
port to the United Nations. A'prog-
ress report is due June 1.
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