THURSDAY, APRIL 30,1964
THE MICHIGAN DAILY
THURSDAYIW APIL I0,1964-THEMICHIGANIDAI.
t_
Primaries Boost Lodge Hopes,
Leave Scranton Uncommitted
GM Sets Unbiased' Hiring Policies
WASHINGTON (JP)-Massachu-
setts and Pennsylvania primaries
apparently moved Ambassador
Henry Cabot Lodge closed to ac-
tive competition for the GOP
presidential nomination but failed
to budge Pennsylvania Gov. Wil-
liam W. Scranton.
A hefty write-in vote for Lodge
in Massachusetts Tuesday, plus a
respectable showing in Pennsyl-
vania, seemed likely to put fresh
pressure on the United States en-
voy to South Viet Nam to come
home and seek his party's nomina-
tion.
In Saigon, Lodge, who has de-
clined political comment, said
merely that "it means much to
me that my fellow citizens of
Massachusetts have shown this
confidence in me."
'Great Victory'
The national coordinator of the
Draft Lodge Committee, Robert
Mullen, commented in New York
the primary was "a great victory
which we expected. We are de-
lighted with the landslide."
Pennsylvania's Scranton, who
professed to be astonished at the
write-in vote given to him in his
state, added in a statement at his
home in Dalton that "I am not a
candidate and have made this
very plain. Since I repeated time
after time that I wa~s not a, can-
didate, I expected few votes."
He has said. he would accept a
nomination if he is drafted after
a stalemate at the San Francisco
nomination convention, but pro-
fesses to believe this is unlikely.
Unfulfilled Hopes
Scranton got a record write-in
and around 60 per cent of the
Republican vote in his home state.
This showing clearly fell short of
the hopes of GOP State Chair-
man Craig Truax, who had or-
ganized a write-in drive and had
provided a million Scranton name
stickers in an effort to nudge the
governor into an active candidacy.
The final tabulations appeared
likely to give Scranton the favorite
son backing of most of the state's
64 nominating convention votes.
Without any visible campaign
for him, Lodge polled about 20 per
cent of the Pennsylvania GOP
vote. As the count progressed, he
HENRY CABOT LODGE WILLIAM SCRANTON
was piling up a total that exceeded
the combined write-ins for Sen.
Barry Goldwater (R-Ariz), former
Vice-President Richard M. Nixon
and Gov. Nelson A. Rockefeller of
New York.
Favorite-Son Protocol
Mullen said of the Pennsylvania
results that "We, of course, re-
ligiously observed the favorite-son
protocol. The write-in votes, which
we did not seek, were very pleasing
and fine." But, he added, "We
don't intend to campaign against
Gov. Scranton."
Another Republican source said
Lodge's showing in Pennsylvania
indicates that not all the votes
cast for .the ambassador in other
spring primaries were protests
against the announced candidates.
"It would seem that there are
quite a few people who are just
plain for Lodge," he said.
In Massachusetts, Lodge swept
to. a runaway victory, piling up
more than three times the com-
bined vote totals for his three
major rivals.
Little Satisfaction
Goldwater, though leading by a
wide margin in the number of
committed nominating convention
delegates so far chosen, could sal-
vage little political satisfaction out
of either primary.
-i
In Pennsylvania he ran third to
Nixon, who has made himself
available for a second presidential
nomination. Between them, Scran-
ton and Lodge, who are listed as
moderates, brought in 80 per cent
of the vote.
This indicated conservative Re-
publican strength in the keystone
state remains at a low mark, al-
though Goldwater got at least one
convention delegate vote.
In Massachusetts, where Lodge
won most of the 34 nominating
convention votes, Goldwater was
represented by one delegate elected
without opposition and might get
a few more. In popularity write-
ins, Goldwater ran a distant sec-
ond behind Lodge buttopped Nixon
and Rockefeller.
SNational
Roundup
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON-The two non-
candidates for the Republican
presidential nomination scored de-
cisive victories, as expected, in
home state primary elections in
Massachusetts and Pennsylvania
Tuesday.
In Massachusetts, with 1,375 of
1,878 precincts counted, the unof-
ficial tally gave Lodge 49,490 votes
to 6,625 for Sen. Barry Goldwater
(R-Ariz); 3,883 for former Vice-
President Richard M. Nixon; 1,-
642 for Gov. Nelson A. Rockefeller.'
In Pennsylvania, with 8.442 of
9,261 precincts counted, Scranton
had 211,533 votes to 71,580 for
Lodge, 33,219 for Nixon, 29,307
for Goldwater, 6,496 for Rockefel-
ler._
* * *
NEW YORK-The stock market
yesterday took a sharp loss, the
third in four session-,, despite
heavy trading. The Dow Jones
average showed 30 industrials
down 3.89, 20 railroads down .94,
15 utilities down .75, and 65 stocks
down 1.40.
EDITOR'S NOTE: This is the last
in a three-partsseries dealing with
NAACP charges of discrimination
in the hiring practices at General
Motors. NAACP has set May 4 forC
a demonstration on GM in Detroit.
By JOHN WEILER
Special to the Dailyt
DETROIT-Policy, implementa-
tion, practices and results: Gen-
eral Motors emphasizes all these
in producing a meaningful anti-
discrimination program, one high
GM official said recently.
GM officials have stressed that'
its policy on nondiscrimination
dates back to 1941. They also cite
agreements with the United Auto
Workers-AFL-CIO on fair treat-
ment to all employees of the com-
pany.
Officials contend that "GM was
an early signatory of the Presi-
dent's Program for Progress under
which the President's Committee,
for Equal Employment Opportun-
ity was instituted. General Motors
therefore operates under a fed-
erally-approved program."
'What They Should'
But Arthur Johnson,' executive
secretary of the Detroit NAACP,
felt that GM's participation in
the Program for Progress doesn't
mean it is doing the job it should."
Under this plan, GM signed a
statement March 6, 1961, pledging
not to discriminate in its hiring
practices. In addition it is requir-
ed to submit annual figures on the
number of nonwhites employed in
each of nine job classifications.
GM Vice-President Louis G. Sea-
ton signed the statement with the
then Vice-President Lyndon B.
Johnson, who represented the
committee.
Seaton and others serve on the
Urban League, which GM contends
is one step in alleviating the ra-
cial problem locally.
Regarding specific policies to
which GM adheres, one official
said that "Hiring and employment
practices and proceedures imple-
menting this policy are the re-
sponsibility of individual divisions
and other employing units of the
coroporation. Likewise, the respon-
sibility for decisions as to who
is to be hired or who is best
qualified for particular employ-
ment rests with the divisions and
other employing units.
Company Policy
"However, these practices, pro-
cedures and decisions are to be
at all times in conformity with
the corporation's policy of non-
discrimination."
As far as implementing the
policies, one GM official said that
all decisions made by the central
office are directly transmitted to
all branch offices.
He said that the final step in
the GM program-determining the
results-bears out the effective-
ness of it.
A Good Record
He pointed to the fact out of
37 complaints filed with the Presi-
dent's Committee, 25 were dis-
missed and 12 are still pending.
The official explained that ad-
justed complaints involved situa-
tions where the company was ac-
cepting no applications from any
one. The company, however,
agreed to accept limited applica-
tions from Negroes in these areas.
He added that GM policies all
of its 125 plants for any hiring
irregularities.
Complaints
But Johnson claimed that sev-
eral hundred cases are pending
against GM in various judicial
bodies. He said that NAACP labor
secretary Herbert Hill of New
York has filed several complaints
himself.
Hill said recently that the motif
of the NAACP charges is "GM
crow must go."
But one high GM official said
that Hill's charges were unfound-
ed, that in one case in Georgia
where Hill had filed seven com-
plaints with the President's Com-
mittee, all the complaints were
dismissed.
Agreement
There is agreement on both
sides that GM has adequate poli-
cies o nondiscrimination, yet the
NAACP is charging that practices
do not correspond to the policies.
The Congress of Racial Equality
indicated recently that the NAACP
has asked it to participate in the
May 4 demonstration.
Ralph Rosenfelt, Vice-Chairman
of Detroit CORE, said that a di-
vision of CORE lodged charges
with GM several weeks ago re-
garding the hiring of Negroes for
educational and industrial films
produced by the company.
In addition civil rights groups
in San Francisco demonstrated
to achieve opportunities for Ne-
groes in auto dealer's showrooms.
On the Rise
They received a settlement two
weeks ago. The dealers agreed to
accelerate the rate of employment
of Negroes until a reasonable
number are employed.
Where no trained Negroes are
WHERE DO THE
BOYS GO
ON
LOUIS G. SEATON
available, a training program was
also established.
Dr. Nathan Burbridge, president
of the San Francisco branch NA-
ACP, said the settlement was quite
acceptable and that the results
would indicate how effective it
was.
Do They?
The basic issue centers mainly
around whether GM employs Ne-
groes in higher levels of the com-
pany and in skilled positions.
GM contends that the lack of
qualified Negroes prevents it from
finding more Negroes, both from
colleges and directly from high
schools.
One GM official said that the
tests for apprenticeships in skilled
jobs are very difficult for both
Negro and white high school grad-
uates.
Employes-Students
He stressed that the only way
educating both employes that the
company now has and prospec-
tive employes-students who are
now in school.
He said that the employment of
non-whites has increased three
times more than that of whitse
at GM over 1963. But this in-
cludes all job classifications, and
the NAACP says it is interested in
increases concerning those jobs
where Negroes had never before
been employed.
They say that this means they
are interested in the total em-
ployment picture at General Mo-
tors, from shop workers to jun-
ior executives.
More Negroes
The NAACP is asking for GM
to train more Negroes for skilled
jobs and to employ more Negroes
in plants where Negro employment
has traditionally been low.
The NAACP contends that GM
is not doing enough for the Ne-
groes right now-that it does not
train .Negroes to be skilled work-
ers. There are no figures avail-
able on the number of skilled
workers in the company.
The NAACP says that it has re-
peatedly- been refused these fig-
ures by the company, with no ap-
parent reason given.
'Less Than Token'
The NAACP contends that wh,t
GM has done for Negroes is "less
than token" and is worse in areas
away from Detroit.
Johnson admitted that he felt
that GM has inproved its prac-
tices recently but he said more
must be done for GM to have ac-
ceptable practices on non-dis-
crimination.
Agreement-Disagreement
But the basic issues remain un-
solved.
NAACP workers have vowed
that they will not let up on their
attack until a change occurs. And
GM officials have contended that
there is no issue to settle.
feelin'
daring
2
V,
- .J 3ir
wI
to
solve the problem is through
I, --
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As for state and local charges,
he said that out of 252 cmplaints,
211 have been dismissed and 27
adjusted, with 36 still pending.
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