FREE SPEECH PA]
THREATENED
See Page4 C
Seventy Years of Editorial Freedom
VOL. LXXI, No. 68 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SUNDAY, DECEMBER 11, 1960 FIVE CENTS
RTLY CLOUDY
High--28
Low--20
;old with occasional
snow fiurrios
EIGE
English-
For Engineers
LATIN AMERICA:
ACW R Panel Cites
Perils of Idealism
By BEATRICE TEODORO
American college students must be realistic about plans to use
their post-graduate professional skills to "help" underdeveloped na-
tions, panel members told a gradually disillusioned audience yes-
terday at the Latin American seminar of the Americans Committed
to World Responsibility Work Symposium.
Three faculty members who have spent long periods of time
in Central or South American countries cautioned against over
idealistic consideration of plans advanced by ACWR.
They must realize that if they do not have the skills unique to
Recess
By FRED KRAMER
Should the engineering stu-
dent, like the liberal arts stu-
dent, be versed in literature as
an art--or is it more important
for him to know the mechanics
of English so that he can use
it as a tool to present his
scientific ideas?
Faculty members in both the
engineering school and the li-
terary college pay much at-
tention to the often-criticized
engineering E n g iIs h depart-
ment, which is separate from
the literary school English de-
partment serving all other un-
dergraduates.
James H. Robertson, associate
dean of the literary college, says
"separate staffs are not bene-
ficial if they weaken total
operational effectiveness."
Engineers Suffer Lack
He notes, too, that "engineer-
ing English students may suffer
from a lack of cross-fertiliza-
tion of ideas with students of
other colleges in the University.
Students from all schools ex-
cept the engineering college are
enrolled in English 23, the;
literary college's freshman Eng-
lish course, he points out.
However, a survey conducted
in 1952 indicated a need to keep
the two English departments
separate because of a marked
difference in background be-
tween engineering students and
literary college students. Prof.
Robert P. Weeks, professor of
English in the engineering Eng-
lish department, made the study
by tabulating information on
application blanks.
Although engineers have ver-
bal aptitude approximately
equal to that of literary col-
lege students, they tend to have
been raised in an environment
relatively lacking "humanistic
stimulation."
One-third Dislike Course
Further, the survey shows
one-third of the students in en-
gineering English report that
in high school they disliked
English and almost half of them
found it very difficult.
Engineers are also different
from literary students in that
they are preparing for a specificI
vocation. Because of the specific
needs of an engineer as a pro-
fessional person, the present
Englishdepartment should re-
main separated from the liter-
ary college English department,
Prof. Lawrence C. Maugh,
chairman of the engineering
school curriculum committee,
said.
"Our main purpose is to turn
out a professional person. An
engineer must be able to speak
and write clearly, and he sel-
dom finds time for artistic 'ex-
pression." Further, the engi-
neering school has more in-
fluence concerning the English
program by having its own de-
partment.
Separate Department Good
Prof. Richard Schneidewind,
chairman of the engineering
college's committee on joint
programs between the literary
college and the engineering
college, adds that "we have kept
a separate English department
because it is successful.
"The chairman of the en-
gineering English department,
Prof. Carl G. Brandt, is doing
an excellent job with the faculty
under him." Prof. Schneide-
wind pointed out the high per-
centage of PhD's in the de-
partment, commenting that
"engineers do not like to be
taught by teaching fellows." He
refered to the large number of
teaching fellows teaching Eng-
lish 23. "We don't care what is
happening in the 'lit.' school,
we are proud of our faculty.
If you have a pair of shoes that
fit, ,why should you want to
change them?"
An analysis of the role of
engineering English requires an
analysis of the role it will play
in the life of an engineer. In a
1927 journal article the late
dean of the engineering college,
Mortimer E. Cooley, wrote, "In
engineering education, includ-
ing the sciences, there must
remain the highly specialized
training that will enable us to
wrest from nature her secrets
and be prepared for great
emergencies that are bound to
arise. There must also be a
broad training to enable us to
comprehend the nature and
See ENGINEERING, Page 5
the country for survival, they ma
Social Skills
alled Vital
For ACWR
By JOHN ROBERTS
The personnel problem of the
youth corps is not one of tech-
nical incompetence, but of need
for proper training in the atti-
tudes and modes of backward
peoples, members of the ACWR
selection and training seminar
agred yesterday,
Nevertheless, the panel cau-
tioned, youth corps volunteers
must be talented as- well as ideal-
istic if they are to make a gen-
uine contribution.
Prof. Claude Eggertsen of the
school of education said the clos-
est parallel to the recruitment and
training problem of the youth
corps is found in the centers set
up by the UNESCO Fundamental
Education Program
He added that he had visited
the center in Mexico, which
trains youth from all over Latin
America in the anthropological
difficulties of raising local stand-
ards of living. The program in-
cludes six months spent studying
the customs, religion and social
structure of local Indians, follow-
ed by six months of actual field
work.
The welfare experiment has
demonstrated, Prof. Eggertsen
said, that no improvement can
be made unless the local people
know what it is for. To communi-
cate this awareness, it is first
necessary to gain the trust and
friendship of the people and this
is a task which has little to do
with technical competence.
Hollis Peter, director of the
Foundation for Research on Hu-
man Behavior, said that a clear
cut set of criteria for selecting
and training youth corps volun-
teers must await a definite for-
mulation of the objectives of the
organization. Training should be
aimed at increasing the general
sensitivity of the members to dif-
ferences of culture, followed by a
morendetailed area-by-area analy-
sis of these differences, he said.
Comnuunists,
Ask for Peace
MOSCOW {P)-The Communists
last night formally issued an "ap-
peal to the peoples of the world"
to join in "a common struggle in
defense of peace against the
threat of a new world war."
The 2,000 - word appeal was
adopted at the recent Communist
summit here at which Red leaders
from 81 countries endorsed Soviet
Premier Khrushchev's peaceful
coexistence line and rejected Red
China's theory that war with
capitalism is inevitable.
y find themselves "living off"'the
"people they came to help, Prof.
Elman Service of the anthropology
department said.
Doubts Knowledge
Prof. Marsten Bates of the
zoology department added that he
was also dubious of American
claims of "knowhow." He cited
the case of Puerto Rico which
was under United States jurisdic-
tion for forty years. "During this
period Puerto Rico got into the
mess out of which it is digging it-
self after gaining commonwealth
status," he said.
Prof. Bates, who lived in Colum-
bia for eight years, stressed the
importance of being very familiar
with the country in which the
American is working. He mention-
ed a road which American engi-
neers attempted to build from a
small town to the banks of the
Amazon.
'They built a nice wide stretch.
Then the rains came and it was
perfect for motorboats. They also
built a bridge but within a short
time the course of the river
changed."
Asks 'Revolution'
The "health revolution" is the
first result of aid to an under-
developed country, Prof. Kenneth
Boulding of the economics depart-
ment said. This leads to a low
death rate and a higher birth
rate which contributes to a "des-
perately unstable social system,"
Prof. Boulding said.
The panel agreed that travel
would be an important prerequi-
site to the type of work ACWR
plans. "Travel will teach the stu-
dent the limits on what can be
done," Prof. Service said.
Prof. Boulding mentioned work
camps abroad now maintained by
the Friends Service Committee
and recommended graduate study
in a foreign university.
Urges Consideration
ACWR participants were urged
to seriously consider their ideolo-
gies, capacities and effectiveness
as Americans abroad.
"Americans think they know
everything, but they don't know
anything," Enrique Signoret, '63E,
said. A resident of Mexico, Sig-
noret said that Mexicans use har-
vest methods similar to those of
the early Indians. "If you give
them tractors they don't know
how to start them," he said.
"Peru has submarines. What
does it need with submarines? It
is necessary to educate the chil-
dren. In Mexico, only the private
schools have gyms or swimming
pools or playgrounds. There is no
childhood in Latin America."
Bad Reputations
Americans in Latin America
have gained bad reputations, all
panelists agreed.
"They form their own little ci-
ties where they live, have schools
and buy their groceries," Venezue
Ian student Felson Carrillo, '62E,
said. "They are isolated and no
one ever knows what they are
like."
Work opportunities are not equal
in Venezuela, Carrillo added. "A
Venezuelan with a Ph.D. from an
See PANEL, Page 8
Members
Nations Plan BABCOCI
Compromise I
For Congo Wei
Attempt To Avoid
Deadlock on Crisis
UNITED NATIONS (A)) - Cey-
lon and others were reported yes-
terday to be working on a com-
promise resolution that might en-
able the United Nations Security
Council to avoid a deadlock on the
latest Congo crisis.
This word came from informed
quarters as the 11-nation council
convened an extraordinary Sat-
urday afternoon meeting for fur-
ther debate on rival Soviet and
Western resolutions on the sub-
ject. .
If that happened, the generals
assumption was that the Soviet
Union and other friends of de-
posed Premier Patrice Lumumba
would ask that the 99-nation
General Assembly immediately
take up the situation in the Con-
go, which is already on its agen-
-da by Soviet request.
Asks Release
The Soviet resolution would
have the counci call on Secre-
tary General Dag Hammarskjold i"
to obtain the immediate release
of Lumumba, arrested Dec. 1 on
a warrant issued by President Jo- GORON I
seph Kasavubu and now being .. . scores
held by the troops of strongman
Col. Joseph Mobutu. It also asked MEDICAL S
the UN Congo command to dis-
arm Mobutu's troops and called on
Belgium to withdraw all military
and civilian personnel from the
Congo.
Suggests ResolutionEx a
Diplomatic sources said Indo-
nesian delegate Sukardjo WiJo-
pranoto asked a council member,
Sir Claude Corea of Ceylon, to The Michigan
introduce a resolution embodying Board of Trustee
three proposals Sukardio made in to set up the fi
a speech to the council Friday medical school w
night. East Lansing on
These were that the Council (1) University Pro
"pronounce its opposition to the ler first outline
Mobutu regime" as an "illegal medical school t
regime of terror," (2) that it de- makers in Lansir
mand withdrawal of all Belgian session on incr
personnel and (3) that it "call tax. MSU is re
for the liberation of all Congo- campaign for a f
lese national leaders now impris- school and to a
oned." for funds.
Dr. H. W. Bir
T Luof the University
Unl in, Qe in an interview
j~i , 'ft 77cerning thecuv
Plnrip age suggested tr
king the first two
study be built an
Tentative plans are set for the accommodate a
Michigan Union-Michigan League freshmen and so
sponsored Winter Weekend, Da- Miller said a
vid Baron, '62E, social chairman plan to set up th
of the Union, said yesterday, within the frame'
The two student groups planned ing biological stu
a weekend of skiing to provide a be presented.
relaxing break between semes-
ters, he added. The resort which He said the pl
the groups selected, near Traverse medical schools,
City, has 12 slopes and offers 700 students in t
night skiing. The Common'
The students will leave for the New York City
resort in the afternoon of Feb. 10 $167,000 to the
and stay until Sunday afternoon, which had sugge
Feb. 12. The price of the trip, $32, ficials that they
includes University bus transpor- plan. Thie money
tation, room, three meals, tow that the study
charges and a dance Saturday go ahead with its
night, ing medical educ
Providing New Programs
Called Role of Youth Corps
By JANET WOLFE
In the Near East, where "nuclear reactor contrasts sharply with
hand-built roads," the role of the ACWR-proposed diplomat would
not be to give the same assistance as qualified nationalists, but to
offer new programs of, feasible assistance, Prof. Henry Gomberg,
chairman of the department of nuclear engineering, said, as he
concluded yesterday's discussion of the Near East.
Emphasizing the need for the proposed peace corps to provide
something beyond the functions1
Klan Groups
Picket Paper,
.Post Office-
ATLANTA (P) - Handing out
pamphlets charging that a Ne-
gro professor advocated violence
to force integration, robed and
hooded members of the Ku Klux
Klan set up a picket line at the
Atlanta Journal - Constitution
building yesterday.
The Klansmen also picketed the
post office building where Negroes
have been gathering to launch
their current picketing and sit-in
demonstrations against segregat-
ed eating facilities.
Printed pamphlets passed out
by the Klansmen contained a pur-
ported reprint from the Atlanta
Daily World, Negro newspaper. It
quoted Prof. Lonnie Cross, profes-
sor of mathematics at Atlanta
University, as advocating violence
to speed up integration.
The Klan pamphlet asked, "why
did the Atlanta newspapers fail to
print this article," and "will you
as a white person continue to let
the Klan and other segregation
groups do your fighting for you?'
It was signed, "U. S. Klan,
KKKK. (Knights of the Ku Klux
Klan)."
of present programs, Profs, Ernest
J'McCarus and Mohammed Ali
Jazayery of the Near East Studies
department proposed complete
commitment, willingness to in-
tegrate, sound knowledge of the
language, political neutrality, and
a real willingness to work con-
structively in solving problems as
the goals of a peace corps. Prof.
- George Hourani of the department
added to the list the need for the
beginning of the extensive train-
ing in undergraduate studies.
Prof, William Schorger of the
anthropology department asked,
"How many of you would be able
to clean out an irrigation ditch?";
spointing out that 70 to 80 per cent
of each country's population are
Speasants.
The distinction was drawn be,
tween the influence of lack of
scientific knowledge and lack of
capital in the developing nations
of the Near East. Outstanding
scientific advance could be made
in these countries, Prof. Gomberg
felt, only if sufficient capital is
provided.
Dr. Schorger carried the point
still further by stressing the fact
that many countries are sophisti-
cated, and have already rejected
many proposals which may be
made due to monetary unfeasi-
bility.ss
Gates Optimistic
ALABAMA DEMOCRATS:
Electors Refuse To Support Kennedy
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