Seventy-Sixth Year
EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
s. - UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS
Where Opinions Are Free
Trt WielPrevailre
TruthWil I * 420 MAYNARD ST., ANN ARBOR, MICH. NEWS PHONE: 764-0552
Vietnam: Opportunities for Diplomacy
'I
LCaltoria15printed in bThe Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.
FRIDAY FEBRUARY 3,1967
NIGHT EDITOR: SUSAN SCHNEPP
Romney's Budget Plan:
Well, It Balances
GOV. dEORGE ROMNEY'S 1967-68 $1.1
billion budget, submitted yesterday to
the Legislature, will have a rough going,
between now and the beginning of the
next fiscal year in June.
The success of the whole plan is tied
to a much-needed state income tax which
survive the inspection of a skeptical state
Legislature if the new budget is to bal-
ance. In this uncertain atmosphere, high-
er education could get a very raw deal.
ROMNEY IS IN NO WAY in control of
the situation. Regardless of his over-
whelming victory in November, largely
responsible for the Republican legislative
majorities, his power over the conserva-
tive Republican old-guard is minimal.
Romney's proposal for a 2/2 per cent
personal and 5 per cent corporate income
tax may gain some Democratic support,
but could we'll bruise some of his Repub-
lican colleagues.
Romney has recommended a state in-
come tax in the last three legislative ses-
sions with no success. Both Democrats
and Republicans balked at the idea, be-
lieving they could postpone the inevitable
tax hike as sales tax revenues continued
to climb.
IN THE LAST SESSION Romney asked
for a three per cent personal and a
four per cent corporate income tax with-
out any sales tax relief.
His new package, with the provisions
for a sales tax rebate and a shifting of
the rates is more appealing to some lib-
eral Democrats but still has a long road
to go before enactment.
The prospects of a substantial hike in
the federal income tax adds to the tax.
proposal's problems. In addition, proper-
ty taxes in the city of Detroit are sub-
ject to considerable increase as a re-
sult of a successful school millage elec-
tion last November. The state legislators
may decide that taxpayers had enough
of new taxes .for one year.
THIS COMBINATION of factors could
kill the income tax plan.
If it does, reductions to well below the
billion dollar mark will be in order. For.
a cardinal rule of Romney economic
thinking is a well balanced budget; and
the state surpluses which accomplished
the task in the past have disappeared
as result of the national economic out-
look.
The cuts could victimize higher edu-
cation appropriations to the 11 state-sup-
ported institutions.
ROMNEY'S "TIGHT" BUDGET is not
merely a "hold-the-line" plan, but is
unnecessarily austere, granting only a
$17.6 million increase for higher educa-
tion. The University alone requested an
additional $16.4 million.
Romney's appropriation to the Univer-
sity, $62.8 million against the $74 mil-
lion request, will hit especially hard.
The governor also failed to raise the
state aid formula to secondary and ele-
mentary schools..
In the past two years, the University
and other state institutions have looked
to the Democratically-controlled Legisla-
ture for assistance, but this year they
have no where to turn.
The governor's recommendation is the
ceiling on the University appropriation,
with the floor still not determined. Both
the House and Senate Appropriations
Committees are stacked with conserva-
'tive, fiscal-minded Republicans who will
be unsympathetic to Romney's increased
appropriations.
OF COURSE the budget has what Rom-
ney feels is the redeeming quality of
any state budget-a surplus.
Projections call for a '$72.7 million sur-
plus-funds desperately needed for real
problems not political hay.
-MARK LEVIN
HERE ARE REASONS for
thinking that the Vietnam
conflict has come into a new
phase where new opportunities
present themselves. There are new
indications that at least for a time
we need not be caught between
the old absolutes: to get in or to
get out, to flatten Hanoi or to
withdraw helter-skelter. There are
some signs that lucid and skill-
ful diplomacy could now bring
about a negotiated settlement.
MUCH THE MOST important
cause of this change in the sit-
uation is the spreading disorder
inside mainland China. It is bound
to mean a reduction in the ma-
terial and the political influence
of Peking on Hanoi and a corres-
ponding increase in the influence
of the Soviet Union. It means a
reduction, also, in the imminence
and extent of the Chinese threat
to her neighbors.
Second to what is happening
in China, a long way second to it,
Is the fact that the United States
has now established a military
position in South Vietnam and
Letters
To the Editor:
I AGREE with Prof. Aldridge
(Michigan Daily, January 31)
that the real damage wrought by
pornography is in dulling the ca-
pacity to feel. However, the es-
sense of sex pornography is not
the elaboration of sexual experi-
ence but, on the contrary, a sim-
plification of it.
Although intense sexual experi-
ences are depicted with utter
frankness in the "Song of Songs"
and in "Lady Chatterley's Lover,"
L doubt whether Prof. Aldridge
would classify either work as por-
nographic, regardless of police ver-
dicts; because, I assume, he will
agree that these works bring out
the full richness of sexual experi-
ence, while pornography effective-
ly censors such experience by sup-
pressing all of its components ex-
cept the most primitive.
IT SEEMS TO ME, therefore,
that an addition to pornography
stems not from an ever growing
appetite for vicarious experience,
but on the contrary, from a fear
of complex experience. By reduc-
ing sexuality to stereotyped fet-
ishes, rituals and sensations, or
to a joke, the peddlers of pornog-
raphy cater to this fear.
I doubt that laws against por-
nography are motivated by a need
to protect human feelings, as Prof.
Aldridge suggests. Among the
staunchest defenders of such laws
ire frequently the same solid citi-
aens who surreptitiously wallow
in pornography. If there is a dif-
ference between the addicts of
pornography and the crusaders
against it, it is only a difference
in degree. The former reduce the
range of their erotic experience;
the latter would shut it out alto-
gether (at least for others).
DEGRADATION of experience is
especially evident in the pornog-
raphy of violence (the private
eyes and the spy "genres," war
newsreels, the toy weapons indus-
try, etc.). Compare for example,
the depiction of murder by Spil-
lane or Fleming and by Shake-
speare or Dostoyevsky. Some writ-
ings of nuclear strategists and
some reporting of the Vietnam war
have been called pornographic, I
believe rightly so.
There is a significant parallel
between reducing genocide to a'
calculus of kill and overkill ra-
tios and measuring erotis exper-
ience by the size of the sex or-
gans. Characteristically, the cru-
saders against sex pornography
have little or nothing to say about
violence pornography. Yet the ef-
Thailand which for the foreseeable
future is invulnerable.
Third, the counterrevolution in
Indonesia has made it quite evi-
dent that Chinese military power
and revolutionary fervor cannot
be carried across the sea. They are
landlocked, so to speak, in conti-
nental China.
THESE THREE developments
have created a new situation and
have opened up new opportunities.
Nothing may come of it all. In-
deed, it is quite evident that the
favorable opportunities could be
erased suddenly. We need only
take the advice of Barry Gold-
water.
What is promising in the situ-
ation could be destroyed in a few
hours. All that would need to be
done is to attack China and blow
up the Russian ships at the same
time. If we followed the Gold-
water policy and attacked them
we could probably remove Mao's
internal troubles on a nice bright
morning.
An American bombing attack
on Chinese territory would do more
Tod ay
By WALTER LIPPMANN
to rally the Chinese to Mao then
anything he could do. If in addi-
tion, adopting the Goldwater ad-
vice, we closed Haiphong harbor
and attacked Soviet ships we would
make a mighty contribution to
healing the angry quarrel between
Peking and Moscow. In fact, no
one in the world knows so well
how to consolidate world Commu-
nism, which has disintegrated dra-
matically, as does Barry Gold-
water.
THE ESSENTIAL elements of
the new situation which present
the new opportunities are these.
We know from reliable reporters.
notably from Harrison Salisbury,
that within the Hanoi government
there is a mood to talk about an
end to the war without demand-
ing impossible preliminary condi-
tions.
Along with this is the fact,
which is becoming increasingly
clear, that the Viet Cong, who
are perhaps four-fifths of the
fighting force in the field against
us, are, though dependent on Ha-
noi, increasingly determined to fol-
low an independent course. This
may make it possible for the mod-
erates in the constituent assembly
in Saigon to negotiate an agree-
ment with the moderates in the
Viet Cong and thus bring the
fighting to an end.
If things can be coaxed and
pushed along these lines, an even-
tual settlement might take form
of two provisionally separate Viet-
nams. It is not impossible to imag-
ine that for a term of years both
Vietnams would find it convenient
to have a continuing U.S. mili-
tary presence in some fortified en-
clave.
IT MIGHT HELP to stabilize
the South Vietnamese government
in the difficult period of recon-
struction after this brutal and
destructive war, and it might help
the North Vietnamese government
in following its nationalist desire
for independence from China.
This continuing U.S. presence
for a term of years would be part
of the peace treaty and should not
be confused with the Gavin-Ridg-
way strategy for conducting the
war from fortified enclaves. I have
heard the idea described as "a
Guantanamo solution" (Guantan-
amo is a fortified place on the
Cuban coast which the United
States occupies). A Guantanamo
solution might be part of the an-
swer to the problem as it actually
exists today.
FOR WHILE I, for one, think
we should never have committed
ourselves to a land war on the
Asian continent, we have done
just that and done it on a very
large scale. It will not be easy
to end our immense entanglement.
And if the war is to be ended by
negotiating compromises, a Guan-
tanamo arrangement might be one
of them.
(c), 1967, The washington Post Co.
0
6,
How Do We Deal with Pornography?
fects of censoring out (by stereo-
type and repetition) the emotion-
al ramifications of violence may
be more dangerous to society than
the simplifications of eroticism.
IN SHORT, Prof. Aldridge's bas-
ic idea is essentially correct. Porn-
ography dulls the capacity to feel.
The insight, however, in no way
warrants a defense of laws against
pornography.
To begin with, there is no rea-
son to expect that such laws
can be any more effective than
Prohibition was in its time. Next.
it should be clear that an attack
against anti-pornography laws by
no means constitutes \ a defense
of pornography. There was a time
when children were told horror
stories about the effects of mas-
turbation. A condemnation of this
method of sexual education does
not constitute a defense of mas-
turbation.
Finally. it should be kept in
mind that our sensitivities are
blunted by a whole gamut of com-
mercial and propagandistic as-
saults, most of them from high-
ly respectable sources. To single
out sexual pornography is to ob-
fuscate a serious problem.
-Anatol Rapoport
Really!
To the Editor:
OSS PROF. ALDRIDGE seri-
ously believe that "obscenity"
laws are made and enforced in
order to preserve esthetic and
emotional sensibilities? Does he
seriously think the Puritans and
their descendants had in mind
the retention of sharp artistic
judgment in people's minds, in
protecting them from the deaden-
ing impact of obscenity?
The laws are made and enforc-
ed not for any such reasons, which
are at least intellectually plausi-
ble. The laws are made to protect
us from the rampaging goat-
bearded youths. They are made
to protect people from themselves,
in the assumption that there are
certain parts of man which are
to be feared and distrusted.
The Puritan ethic is obsessed
with sex. Man cannot be left
alone with woman, another man,
Sven himself, or irreparable dam-
age will be done to his immortal
soul.
THESE ABSURDITIES are at
the base of the obscenity laws,
and these are the assumptions
that Cinema Guild and its sup-
porters are protesting.
Perhaps Prof. Aldridge approves
of the use of police force to pre-
serve what he terms "esthetic
and emotional discrimination." I'm
afraid this is not the function of
the police, nor of anyone else.
This attitude is of the main-
stream reality peddler, who equates
"the rich fertility of ideas and
humane culture, a commitment to
think more, not less, to feel more,
not less" with the goal of publish-
ing in "the big quality magazines,"
in his terminology.
WHAT IS MORE deadening
than the social game of becoming
a bigger and bigger name, of ap-
pearing in bigger and better mag-
azines, of acquiring flashier and
aiore expensive color TV's and cars,
of the whole desideratum of ten-
ure, a house in the suburbs, and
a comfortable philosophy within
the accepted set of assumptions?
If he feels threatened by those
who turn to "sex, pornography and
drugs," what about the deadening
effect on the average citizen of
the average goals of our society?
It is characteristically Ameri-
can that people are running after
greater and greater stimulus. This
I feel is produced to an over-
whelming extent simply by those
values which the average person
feels compelled to spend his life
racing after.
SURELY Prof. Aldridge is not
postulating that eventual deaden-
ing of one's feelings for pornogra-
phy is going to deaden one's feel-
ings for anything else? If I fin-
ally come to the point where noth-
ing bores me 'more than a "Flam-
ing Creatures" showing, does this
imply that I will also lose all in-
terest in reading Dylan Thomas,
trying to play an instrument, or
rolling down snowbanks?
It seems to be his purpose to
show that pornography is bor-
ing. Why then does he object to
what he says is the inevitable re-
sult of it-that one becomes bored
with it forever?
-Mary S. Roth
Abortion
To the Editor:
ABOUT 50 YEARS ago, a wom-
an, young in years but prema-
turely aged by constant toil, lov-
ing her children but losing the
struggle to keep them from starva-
tion, loving her husband yet fear-
ful of his love which would mean
another child crying with hunger,
went to a doctor to beg for ad-
vice.
The doctor's answer to her des-
pair was "Tell Jack to sleep on
the roof." Six months later, this
young woman killed herself in an
attempt at abortion. Thus children
were orphaned, and marital love
became the hapless cause of a
woman's death.
IT IS OUTRAGEOUS that, to
this day, there are thousands of
such needless tragedies repeated
in this country-every day, every
hour.
The so-called "morality" which
forces people to resort to "silent
slaughter"-and by tliat I mean
only abortions performed by
quacks or attempted self-induced.
abortions, which may either lead
to the death of the mother or fu-
ture inability to successfully car-
ry through a pregnancy - such
"morality" is a vicious growth on
society's face. This growth should
have been cauterized long ago.
All praise to those courageous,
truly compassionate, truly respon-
sible men and women who are
fighting to legalize abortions for
economic as well as medical and
other grounds. Legalization is the
only honest, honorable, moral so-
lution to this terrifying problem.
-Patia M. Rosenberg, Grad
Oaths
To the Editor:
IN KEEPING with The Daily's
tradition, the recent editorial
of Stephen Firshein on Michigan
loyalty oaths is based on a sig-
nificant misconception of the rel-
evant legal decisions. The Michi-
gan loyalty oath falls within that
category traditionally described as
an "affirmative" rather than a
"negative" oath.
In other words, the oath taker
is not required to deny member-
ship in particular organizations
but merely to pledge his alleg-
lance to the Constitution and to
affirm that he will faithfully dis-
charge his duties. The previous
decisions of the United States Su-
preme Court invalidating loyalty
oaths have all dealt with nega-
tive oaths, and the court, both in
its description of its ruling and
in its reasoning, has very care-
fully limited, its decisions to this
form of oath.
THERE IS every indication from
its opinions that the court would
sustain an affirmative loyalty
oath such as that presented by
Michigan. A similar oath has been
required of all federal employes
in the Executive Branch since
1884, and, of course, the Presi-
dent is required by Article II of
the Constitution to solemnly swear
that he will "faithfully execute"
his office and will to the best of
his ability "preserve, protect and
defend the Constitution of the
United States."
There is presently pending a suit
in Massachusetts attacking a
somewhat similar loyalty oath im-
posed upon teachers at private
institutions, but it is generally
recognized that even this dis-
tinguishable case is clearly break-
ing new ground.
It should also be noted that the
oath requirement that one "sup-
port" the Constitution does not
impose some vague, philosophical
duty of loyalty. On the contrary,
it has been carefully limited by
the court to bar only positive acts
in violation of valid statutes im-
posing specific legal duties,
A SIMILAR misconception seems
to exist as to the purpose of
the oath requirement. No one has
ever suggested that the purpose
of the affirmative oath is to fer-
ret out potential subversives any
more than it has been suggested
that the inclusion of such an oath
requirement in the Constitution
was designed for that purpose.
Similarly, to call upon Justice
Holmes "clear and present dan-
ger" test in this area is to com-
pletely ignore the context and pur-
pose for which the Jastice advanc-
ed the "danger" standard. It is
quite clear from Justice Holmes'
statements in various cases that
he did not feel it necessary that
there be any clear and present
danger before "prohibitive action
could be taken against an individ-
ual."
In fact, he quite clearly indi-
cated that the clear and present
danger test would not be applic-
able to the type of restriction upon
speech imposed by the affirmative,
loyalty oath. Moreover, this also
has been the position of the Unit-
ed States Supreme Court
ALL OF THIS is not to sug-
gest that substantial arguments
cannot be made for legislative re-
peal of the Michigan oath require-
ment, but only to insist that the
arguments in that score not be
based on misconceptions of the na-
ture and purpose of the require-
ment.
-Jerold II. Israel
LETTERS
All letters must be typed,
double-spaced and should be no
longer than 300 words. All let-
ters are subject to editing;
those over 300 words will gen-
erally be shortened.
'4
I
Advice for Advisory Committees
FINALLY, a year after the idea originat-
ed, the Advisory Boards to the Vice-
Presidents are about to be put into opera-
tion.
Student Government . Council will
choose four five-man committees within
the next two weeks for the offices of
Vice-Presidents Cutler, Norman, Pierpont
and Smith.
Under the Advisory Board System, each
committee will meet with its vice-presi-
dent on a bi-weekly basis and submit
regular reports of their proceedings to
SGC's and Graduate Student Council's
Executive Committee.
THE IMPLEMENTATION of the advisory
committees was delayed considerably
pending the approval of President Hatch-
er, the vice-presidents and finally the
Regents. With that approval now grant-
ed, the success of the committees de-
pends on the mutual effort of student
members and 'their respective vice-presi-
dents.
First, students chosen to the committees
must undertake a thorough examination
of the operations and policy-making role
of the office they advise.
Secondly, the students must maintain
close contact with the istudent organiza-
tions and the student body at large. The
committees' formal tie with SGC does not
preclude their distributing and seeking
ideas from the student body.
For the system's purpose is to estab-
lish closer relations with students and
administrators, not to create a student
advisory elite.
In particular, board members should
maintain close contact with members of
the President's Commission on Decision-
Making. In fact, this commission's dis-
cussions and recommendations on the
students' role in University decision-mak-
ing may eventually decide the fate of the
Advisory Board System.
BUT DESPITE maximum effort by the
students, the committees will not be
successful unless they receive the full
confidence and cooperation of the vice-
presidents.
It is essential, first, that the vice-presi-
dents discover what issues and problems
students wish to discuss. Secondly, they
must not be afraid to provide students
with privileged information in an atmos-
phere of mutual trust.
Most importantly, the administrators
should agree to delay any decision affect-
ing students until consultation with the
advisory committees has taken place.
IN SUM, it is full and open communi-
cation between administrators and the
committees, and between the committees
and the student body which will give
these committees effectiveness, and elicit
the confidence of the student community.
--SUSAN SCHNEPP ,
Feb. 2
THE"HAUGHTY AMERICAN nation"
awoke yesterday, February 2. As it
afnfl- - if a mvnnfh 'm-tc l a ni
I
I
$55 M Fund: Good for 'U' and Daddy, Too
The Daily Is a member of the Associated Press and
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Second class postage paid at Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Editorial Staff
MARK R. KILLINGSWORTH, Editor
BRUCE WASSERSTEIN, Executive Editor
CLARENCE FANTO HARVEY WASSERMAN
Managing Editor Editorial Director
Business Staff
SUSAN PERLSTADT, Business Manager
JEFFREY LEEDS ........ Associate Business Manawer
By DAVID SALTMAN
HEY KIDS! Call your daddies to
the TV right now! We'll wait
for a minute while he comesc.s.
:)K? Now sit down dad, because
HERE'S BIG NEWS FOR YOU!
For no charge whatsover . .. we
are going to send you a handy
booklet to tell you how to avoid
paying those nasty capital gains
taxes. All you have to do is give
some of those old stocks lying
around to the all new University
of Michigan $55-Million Program!
Yes, dads, it's that simple.
This free booklet, with a for-
ward by Regent Paul Goebel, tells
how you can claim up to a 30 per
cent writeoff on your taxable in-
comeby giving securities, property,
insurance or cash to your fac-
orite university.
HERE'S WHAT the booklet looks
like: as you can see, it's called
"Tax Advantages of Making Gifts
to the University of Michigan $55
Million Program." Let's open it to
page three.
Regent Paul Goebel has writ-
..1-- ,-, n C ,f
anthropic urge with tax savings
is both prudent and proper.
"An individual intending to give
to the University of Michigan
might well review various tax con-
siderations before determining the
size of his commitment. He may
find it possible to give more gen-
erously than he had expected."
Now, all you rich old shads,
we'll explain our offer. You see,
the government lets you deduct
up to 30 per cent oft your adjusted
gross income in one tax year if
'ou donate to the $55-M program.
So, it's possible to give to the
University and actually have more
money left over after your gift!
Don't believe us? Well, here's a
testimonial from Felix Watson,
one of our satisfied givers:
Mr. Watson's example on page
14 of our booklet. He's increased
his spendable income by $393,-
000 over the next 10 years . . .
and by an additional $39,300 each
year after that for life! All by
taking advantage of the Univer-
sity's "Life Income" plan - part
of their fabulous $5--M program.
of their fabulous $55-M program.
So, under the plan on page 16
of our booklet, you can give real
estate . . . but keep it and use it
for the rest of your life.
Not only that, you get a big de-
duction from your taxable income
-even though you don't lose a
cent or an inch of land until you
die!
Now maybe you want to give
your name to a scholarshipdfund,
but don't have $75,000 handy. No
matter! Under the $55-M plan...
you can endow a $75,000 scholar-
ship fund, and you only pay $7,-
300! Pretty nifty trick, eh?
By now, dads, you must be won-
dering what kind of satanic book-
keeper dreamed all this up for
the University. You must be won-
dering how many years in Sing
Sing you'd get for trying to pull
off the dodges in this nifty little
booklet.
Wrong again! Every single' plan
in the booklet has the blessing of
the Internal Revenue Service. (As
the man says about loopholes in
the tax laws . ) Each plan is
perfectly legal. Kosher. Straight.
No kidding. If you can't live like
.4
...........