FRIDAY, JANUARY 20, 1967
THE MICHIGAN DAILN
warenweg
rr 4SaxrP I n
Thai
EDITOR'S NOTE: Thailand has
begun to take seriopsly the threat
of a Communist insurgent move-
ment in its territory and ih show-
ing signs of progress in its ef-
forts tosprevent the guerrilla ac-
tivities from developiig into a ma-
jor problem. Fred Hoffman, AP mil-
itary affairs writer, reports in his
third article in a series on the steps
being taken by Thai authorities to
dampen the insurgency fires.
By FRED HOFFMAN
BANGKOK, Thailand (M)-With
strong American support and en-
couragment, Thailand is mounting
a tWo-pronged offensive against
'the growing Communist insurgen-
-cy problem in its northeast prov-
inces.
Offensive
Aims
at Northeast
Insurgency
* The Thai approach to the threat
'is aimed at strengthening security
'In the vulnerable areas and at
bringing the northeast into the
'mainstream of the nation's econo-
mic political and social life,
"We're trying to do two things
'at once-throw water on a burn-
ing house and bring about long-
'range development," an American
-aid expert said.
In the security field, the Thais
pare' centering their counterinsur-
'gency measures in the national
police, with the 85,000 man Thai
army backing them -up.
The national police have been
beefed up to 55,000 man and the
'plan is to increase the force to
62,000 by midyear.
The target date for a general
.improvement in police and security
operations is next June, and some
Hof the programs are only now off
'the ground.
The main objectives are to pro-
mote what is called "remote area
security" by stationing policemen
'n villages where they were only
'occasionally-and often unwel-
come-visitors in the past; by
'creating a citizens' police militia,
jby organizing helicopter-borne
"quick reaction strike forces," and
spy installing a wide-coverage po-
ice radio net.
The Thais also are trying to
polish up the police image. "This
'is a matter of concern," said a
'U.S. police adviser. "The Thai po-
'lice up there in the northeast were
not the best, by a long shot. Now,
'they are sending better men.
"I'm not. saying the cops are
'ow demigods. I'm not suggesting
'some of them aren't still pretty
'bad. But the national police and
the provincial governors are con-
cerned, and are doing something
'about it." '
The police used to live off the
'peasants, demanding food and
codging, Now, officials say the
'police pay for these things. The
government had been three years
behind in paying police living ex-
'penses. This has been overcome.
Some Americans who travel up-
country find that many villagers
are more afraid of quick-to-shoot
'policemen than they are of the
Communists.
' As one avenue to neutralizing
hostility and suspicion, the na-
tional police are getting into civic
'action work of the sort that U.S.
and Vietnamese troops do in Viet-
nam.
Thai provicincial and border'
police are being trained to dis-
'pense medical aid, to help build
schools and dig wells, and give
The peasants a friendly lift in
other ways.
The police-oriented security
program is being pushed with the
'aid of nearly $14 million in U.S.
funds and 43 American advisers
'drawn from civilian U.S. police de-
partments, FBI-trained lawmen,
customs service veterans and the
ranks of retired Army Special
Forces officers.
Air Chief Marshal Dawee Chuv-
alasapya, Thailand's chief of staff,
contends that "we can fight
against the Communists by our-
selves."
But he adds that his country
needs more and better weapons
'and other equipment, and he does
'not rule out the possibility that
Thailand may have to ask the
'U.S. for more direct aid,
"If the Communist get the upper
hand in Vietnam," he says, "no
doubt they will come in force
against Thailand."
There are about 35,000 U.S.
servicemen in Thailand, twice the
commitment of a year ago. Of
these, 25,000 are involved in air
operations against North Vietnam
and supply routes through Laos
into South Vietnam.
Many of the remaining 10,000
are building roads, bases and
other facilities. Others are ad-
visers attached to Thai military
units.
A unit of 356 Special Forces
troops is here to train Thais' in
counterinsurgency '-work.
Still others, helicopter pilots,
'have been ferrying Thai forces
b o u n d for counterinsurgency
operations.
U.S. Ambassador Graham Mar-
'tin announced this week that
Thailand, using its own helicop-
ters and crews, will take over the
shuttle within two weaks.
Under the present U.S. opera-
tion, the Thais are not flown into
'combat zones but rather to for-
'ward assembly points, where they
move out against guerrillas.
Mao Opponents Contu ii
Resistance inMajor Citie:
D
Mansf field
Asks Cut In
DIPLOMATIC SPECULATION:
Soviet Article Hints, Rejection
Of U.S. Missile Freeze Plan
4
*
'
Foes Claslii y
In .Shanghai,- 4
Peking Area 4~'~
Report Arrest of"
President Liu's Son ".
By Maoist Forces,
TOKYO (A) - Opponents of
Mao Tse-tung were apparently
holding out stubbornly yesterday
in two key cities while clashes be-
tween the factions in Communist
China's power struggle were re-"
ported spreading throughout the
mainland.
Maoist-controlled radio and press
reports admitted that his enemies,
believed led by President Liu
Shao-chi, continued to put up re-
sistance in Peking and Shanghai.
The Japan Broadcasting Corp. ."
reported from Peking that a wall
poster announced the arrest of
Liu's son, Liu Yun-jo. It quoted
Mao's wife, Chaign Ching, abkey VIETNAMES
leader of 'the purge, as labeling,
young Liu "a rotten element who NORTH VIETNAMESE work in
secretly had contacted a foreign after a bombing attack dropped
country." by Bill Baggs, Miami News Edit
No Confirmation
There was no confirmation of OPERATION CED
some reports that Liu himself had
been arrested.
The wording of a statement in "
the People's Daily indicated Mao's EE
enemies still held firm in Peking.
As quoted by the New China
News Agency the paper said: "The
proletarian revolutionaries must L a
courageously shoulder is the re-
covery of all the usurped power 'By The Associated Press
from the handful of persons in SAlON--The week that open-
authority within the party who ed the war's biggest offensive,
are taking tlle capitalist road" Operation Cedar Falls, has brought
thz largest weekly casualty toll
Report Clashes among American servicemen in
Peking-based Japanese corre- Viet Nam. The United States com-
spondents reported bloody clashes mand yesterday listed 1,194 as
between Mao's followers and pro- killed, wounded or missing in ac-
Liu elements spreading to Harbin, tion January 8-14.
Dairen and Mukden, northeast of The figures break down to 144
Peking. dead, 1,044 wounded, and six miss-
The reports were based on Pe- ing in action.
king wall posters and their accur- In all, 373 of the allies perish-
acy could not be judged. ed. A U.S. spokesman said 1,176
Quoting the wall posters, the Viet Cong and North Vietnamese
Japanese said 53 persons were re- were killed, double the total of
ported injured late last monthi in the previous week.
a clash at the key port of Dairen
between some 3,000 pro-Liu Red
Guards and 590 pro-Mao forces..
Many Injured World N ew
Anti-Mao textile workers in
Chengchow clashed with Red
Guards Jan. 7-8, resulting in one By The Associated Press
dead and 81 injured, 23 seriously, WASHINGTON - E m a n u e 1
the reports said. Celler (D-NY) was named yester-
In Shenyang, one Japanese re- day to head an investigation of
port said six persons were serious-.Adam Clayton Powell's qualifica-
ly injured, scores suffered injuries, tions to sit in Congress.
and 16 were arrested Jan. 6 during Celler, chairman of the House
"armed violence' between pro-Mao Judiciary Committee, will head a
and Pro-Liu forces at a rally of special nine-man panel composed
200,000. of five Democrats and four Re-
The industrial city was said to publicans, all lawyers. The com-
be threatened by the possibility of mittee will have five weeks to de-
citywide strikes. termine whether Powell is entitled
Radio Peking charged that to the seat to which his Harlem
Mao's opponents have been per- constitutents elected him last No-
sistently opposing his policies in vember.
the Taching oilfield in northern
China, the country's biggest oil- _-
field. A production stoppage there
was reported early this month
when thousands of workers left
their jobs to visit Peking.
Give Bigger Shares
The New China News Agency, in
Chinese-language reports broad UNION-LEAGUE
cast by Peking Radio, indicated
that Mao's opponents were trying s
to win over the peasants by giv-3
ing them bigger individual shares
of the traditional -year-end distri-
bution of produce.
This produce is usually appor-B
tioned to the state, the commune, Ii)
NATO Force
S Resolution Expected
To Receive Favorable
Support in Hearings
*:, WASHINGTON (') - More than
40 senators of both parties joined
in a challenge to U.S. policy in
Europe yesterday, reoffering a res-
olution urging a substantial reduc-
tion of American forces in NATO.
The resolution-generated as it
was last year by members of the
Senate Democratic Policy Com-
mittee-immediately set off the
Senate's first full-blown foreign
policy debate of the 90th Congress.
2 In reintroducing the measure,
Senate Democratic Leader Mike
Mansfield. of Montana told the
Senate he saw a disconcerting
tendency "to beg or bug allies"
into sharing an American view of
NATO needs that they don't nec-
essarily agree with.
The senator said other Euro-
pean nations might, like France,
become tired soon of having large
American contingents on their soil.
He said the administration mere-
ly had been marking time on the
troop-reduction issue since the res-
olution was first introduced-and
allowed to die-in the 1966 ses-
sion.
Mansfield said the Senate would
throw a searching light on the
troop problem by turning the res-
es olution over to the. Senate Foreign
Relations and Armed Services
n Committees for joint hearings.
ni The resolution is expected to re-
ck ceive a friendly airing in the hear-
ings since its co-sponsors include
the two committee chairmen, Sen.
J. W. Fulbright (D-Ark) of For-
eign Relations, and Sen. Richard
B. Russell (D-Ga) of Armed Serv-
ices.
In the debate, Fulbright said he
=and Russell had agreed to set up a
joint subcommittee and that he
hoped Mansfield would act as
chairman.
Fulbright said that he did not
'think the resolution was "an in-
fringement at all" on the powers
13th of the executive. "I think it is our
urn- duty," he said.
s 29 The resolution would express
Sthe that it was the sense of the Sen-
ate that the U.S. forces in Eu-
e. A rope should be substantially reduc-
tore ed, leaving it up to the President
nch- to fix the actual figure.
ls. An opponent of the troop-reduc-
d up tion resolution, Sen. Jacob K.. Jay-
ght- Its (R-NY), questioned the de-
The sirability of Senate action "in this
ambs very frontal way." He added that
but while the resolution might not dic-
they tate to the administration, it still
s of would be "a mighty potent and
important power."
MOSCOW (II'}-A Soviet maga-j
'dine attack yesterday on Presidentj
,Johnson encouraged diplomatic
'speculation that the Kremlin will
'spurn United States efforts for
'a freeze on building antiballistic
missile systems.
Denouncing Johnson's appeal to
slow the arms race, the editor of
The magazine "Abroad" said that
The Soviet Union is seeking dis-
Farmament, and not control over
armaments.
Control is purely an American
concept, wrote editor Daniil F.
'Kraminov, and one that the Soviet
always has opposed. The U.S. view
is that Soviet disarmament plans
'are unworkable.
In denouncing Johnson's appeal
'for both the Soviet and the U.S.
'to slow the arms race, Kraminov
took the usual step of translating.
Johnson's Jan. 10 State of the
'Union remarks on foreign. policy
'and then commenting on them.
His attack came as the new
'U.S. ambassador, Llewellyn E,
Thompson, waited in Moscow for
an appointment to deliver a secret
message from Johnson to Soviet
leaders. Washington sources said
the message is intended to open
the way for talks on a moratorium
for missile systems.
But coming as an indication of
the Soviet reaction to Johnson's
message, Kraminov's comment
might herald a significant devel-;
'opment in the debate in the U.S.
'on the need of a U.S. system and
whether the Russians have one
already.
Some diplomatic analysts sug-
gested the Soviets already have
spent too many .rubles on missile
jdefenses to turn back.
The Soviet Union has for almost
a year claimed the ability to de-
tend "protected objectives" against
missile attack.
In his Jan. 10 speech, Johnson
'told Congress the Russians have
"begun to place near Moscow a
limited antimissile defense."
Published American intelligence
reports go further. They tell of'
GOP Leaders Give Reply
To State-of-Union Address
WASHINGTON (AP)-House Re-
publican Leader Gerald R. Ford
of Michigan unveiled yesterday a
broad GOP legislative program of
"sensible solutions for the 70's"
and said Americans "see the dec-
ade that dawned in hope fading
into frustration and failure, baf-
flement and boredom."
Giving the Republican response
to domestic aspects of President
Johnson's State of the Union mes-
sage, Ford called for increased So-
cial Security and veterans bene-
fits, revamping of federal edu-
cation and antipoverty pro-
grams and commissionsrto study
city problems, federal government
structure and the nation's defense
posture.
Ford, who last week termed the
President's proposed six per cent
surtax on individual and corpor-
ate income taxes a "tragic mis-
take," warned "there are ominous
signs of an economic slowdown
this year."
"With such uncertainties," .he
added, "the President has. not
made a convincing case for a tax
increase."
Ford's program, which faces an
uphill fight against Democratic
majorities in Congress, suflimar-
ized many .GOP proposals made
over the last year.
Likewise, GOP Senate Leader
Everett M. Dirksen, giving the Re-
publican position on foreign pol
icy reaffirmed support far the
administration's stand in Viet
nam.
"Our operations in Southeast
Asia have provoked entreaties, de-
mands and demonstrations to
draw back, to retreat, to leave 'our
commitments unfulfilled," he said,
adding: "That would be an un-
thinkable course."
-Associated Pre
E CLEAR BOMB-TORN STREET
ankle-deep water to clear Hoang Van Thu street in Nam Dir
the walls of buildings into the street. This photo was brought ba
or who has just returned from a tour of North Vietnam cities.
AR FALLS:
alty Figures Reach
Vekly Toll of War
American newcomers-described B-52 bombers, staging their
as an equal mix of support and raid in support of the drive, ch
combat units-swelled U.S. ranks Ed up Communist fortification
in Viet Nam to 398,000, making d ilenorthwest of Saigon, at
for a net increase of 3000 through
last Saturday night. upper edge of the triangle
U.S. infantry and armored units spokesman said their bombs
d up 12 buildings, 325 feet of trey
pressed ahead .with Operation Ce- es, 59 bunkers and three tunne
dar Falls in the Iron Triangle Less definite results showe
north of Saigon. from the incendiary raid the ei
The action has been marked engine jets staged Wednesday.
throughout, like most of the new spokesman said the fire bo
year's campaigning, by scattered burned out in several spots,
skirmishes rather than major bat- seemed ineffective where
tIles. About 30,000 U.S. and Viet- landed in the thickest tangle
namese have been committed trees, vines and brush.
there.
defenses being built in many parts
'of the Soviet Union.
The leakage of these reports
seems from here to mean U,.
military pressure to go ahead with
an American construction pro-
'gram. Secretary of Defense Rob.-
ert S. McNamara has resisted this
pressure. He argues that tech-
'nology is moving too fast to build
defenses that would soon be out-
dated.
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SEOUL, South Korea - North
Korean Communist shore batter-
ies sank a South Korean naval
vessel in a 20-minute gun fight
yesterday off the east coast.
The United Nations Command
lodged a strong protest against the
"unconscionable and brutal act of
violence."
Twenty-eight crewmen of the
650-ton patrol craft were feared
to have drowned in one of the
most serious naval clashes since
the Korean armistice was signed
in 1953.
Friday, January 20
7:30 p.m.
begins a series on
MEDICINE AND ETHICS: HUMAN
CONTROL OF L IFE AND DEATH
"HUMAN CONTROL OF THE MIND"
Speakers
Dr. Philip Best, Visiting Professor of Psychology.
The Rev. Henry Yoder, Lutheran Campus Pastor
of the PRESBYTERIAN CAMPUS CENTER
1432 Washtenaw
(Diner at 6:30-reservations: 662-3580)
Other topics in the series to be considered are
Euthanasia, Transplantatiori, Contraception
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CREATIVE ARTS FESTIVAL
PRES ENTS
<UAC union league
LABOR DAY
WEEKEND
Petitioning for
CENTRAL
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