aE THREE
FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 25, 2966
THE MICHIGAN DAILY
PAC
FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 25, 1966 THE MICHIGAN DAILY PA( E THREi~
Coup
Topples
Nkrumah;
Senate Race VIET NAM PEACE MISSIONS:
Could Force Wilson Ends Soviet Trip
£ Fiso nd SvetTrp
Receives News In Peking
tarty !p it
Makes No New Progres
*Army Leader
Takes Over
Government
Report Celebrations
In Capital; Nkrurnah
Ignores Revolution
ACCRA, Ghana W)-.An army
revolt Thursday toppled President
Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana while
he was in Peking. Announcement
of the coup brought thousands of
celebrators into the streets of Ac-
cra in a carnival of drinking,
dancing and merrymaking.
A broadcast over Ghana radio
by Col. E. K. Kotoka, identified
as the revolt leader, announced
that the 10,000-man army had
taken over the government, dis-
solved Parliament, and dismissed
the president.
"The myth surrounding Kwame
Nkrumah has been broken," the
colonel said.
Peking Radio
Outwardly ignoring the coup
that toppled him from Ghana's
presidency, Nkrumah called in
Peking yesterday for stronger
African-Asian solidarity to com-
bat "the forces of reaction, im-
perialism and neocolonialism."
The tie between the two conti-
nents "becomes an essential part
of the world liberation movement,"
Nkrumah declared at a reception
welcoming him on his second visit
to Red China in five years. "The
struggle will be continued until
Africa is free and united."
As if the Ghanian army had not
taken over at Accra in Nkrumah's
absence, President Liu Shao-chi
referred to him as "the president
of Ghana." And he indirectly ad-
vised the African leader against
! acting as a middleman in the
Vietnamese war.
Peace Mission
The self-styled "Redeemer," who
had himself designated president
for life after Ghana won inde-
pendence, left Accra three days
ago for talks in Cairo, Rangoon,
M Peking and Hanoi. He was believed
on a peace mission to North Viet
Nam on his own initiative. An en-
tourage of 71 is with him.
A frequent supporter of the
Communist line in world affairs
while accepting Western aid, he
had assumed almost dictatorial
* powers.
Reason
Accra radio did not specify any
reason for the revolt, the sixth
military coup in Africa in the
last three months, but said all
persons jailed for dissenting with
Nkrumah's regime would be freed.
Four hours after the announce-
ment of the coup, fighting between
troops and the presidential secur-
ity guard was reported still eddy-
ing around Nkrumah's residence.
Small arms fire could be heard
and smoke from burning vehicles
and buildings could be seen from
outside the walled compound that
houses all Ghana government!
executive offices.
Radio
The radio broadcast a warning
from an unidentified voice to the
presidential security forces to "lay
down their arms now and sur-
render."
H o w e v e r, jubilant crowds
swarmed through the downtown
streets of the steamy seacoast
capital and gathered outside the
prison on the waterfront where
Nkrumah's regime had jailed
lk hundreds.
There seemed to be little dis-
appointment at the ouster of the
man who created his own per-
sonality cult and ruled this nation
of 7.3 million persons with an iron
hand.
Cvanagli, Williams
May Seek Nomination LONDON (R) -.Prime Minister Viet Nam setting."
For McNamara Seat Harold Wilson returned yesterday Communique
from a three-day visit to Moscow His statement came after a
LANSING (P)-Sen. Patrick Mc- and acknowledged frankly he had communique issued in his own
Namara's decision to retire from gotten nowhere with Soviet lead- and Soviet Premier Alexei N.
the U.S. Senate opens the way for ers on moves to end the Viet Nam Kosygin's names had declared:
what could be a party-splitting war. "The two sides set out with
battle for the Democratic nomi- The British leader told newsmen great frankness their respective
nation. however, that Soviet readiness to points of view on the situation in
If Detroit Mayor Jerome P. Cav- resume talks with a Western coun- Viet Nam."
anagh and former six-term Gov. try on major world problems, even Kosygin and his colleagues
G. Mennen Williams both seek the despite the continuing Vietnamese evidently left Wilson in no doubt
nomination it could bring the most crisis, represented "a welcome step that the Russians intend to go on
serious Democratic split in Mich- forward." providing military aid for North
igan since the 1960 gubernatorial But he added: "We did not Viet Nam. But this would be on a
primary. make any progress on Viet Nam, scale insuring that the Russians
McNamara, 71, announced in however, and nothing seems to be themselves are not drawn into the
Washington Wednesday that he immediately forthcoming in the fighting, and that the North Viet-
w o u ld n o t se e k re -e le c tio n th is -ye a r . T T C 1 Y-
year.
-Associated Press
THIS WEEK'S TROUBLE SPOTS are shown in black. In Uganda, Prime Minister Milton Obote had
five cabinet members arrested Tuesday and took over "all the powers of government." On Wednesday,
left-wing elements staged a coup in Syria and seized government control. Yesterday in Ghana, an
army revolution overthrew President Kwame Nkrumah's government.
rican Upheava Regarded as
Major Peking Diplomatic Loss
LONDON (R')-The coup against
President Kwame Nkrumah of
Ghana dealt a heavy blow yester-
day to the movement for a black'
African superstate. It also was
widely regarded as a painful new
source of frustration to the
Chinese Communists in Africa.
In Salisbury, Rhodesia a bas-
tion of white Africa, the news of
Nkrumah's ouster raised spirits
higher than they have been since
the Rhodesian white minority re-
gime declared independence from
Britain last Nov. 11.
Nkrumah has been looked upon
as the father of African national-
ism and the movement for an all-
African state. He was preaching it
when most of black Africa's lead-
ers were still picking at the chains
of colonialism.
Sworn Enemy
Rhodesia's Prime Minister Ian
Smith is the sworn enemy of
African nationalism. He has pledg-
ed to the people of Rhodesia that
there will be no African national-
ist government in Rhodesia in his
lifetime. He rebelled from Britain
because the mother country favor-
ed eventual rule by the African
majority.
The Yugoslav news agency Tan-
jug said the report of the military
coup in Ghana provoked conster-
nation among representatives of
African liberation movements in
Cairo. The agency said African
and Arab circles in Cairo con-
sidered the event as part of an
offensive of what they called neo-
colonialist forces.
The coup came only a few days'
before a scheduled meeting of the
Council of Ministers of the Or-
ganization of African Unity in
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. That or-
ganization has pledged itself to
end ."white rule in Africa. This
means that it seeks to remove the
governments of Rhodesia, South
Africa, and Portuguese Mozam-
bique, Angola and Guinea and re-
place them with black govern-
ments.
Whites in Africa
There are more than 3.5 million
whites in the southern Africa
area-the richest, most developed
part of the continent.
Chinese Communist diplomacy
already is in trouble in Africa and
Nkrumah arrived in Peking just
as the world learned that rebels
had toppled his regime back home.1
The Chinese Communists seemI
to have suffered a loss of face.
They were in the position ofi
playing host to a man whosec
whole power base was cut from
under him.
Other Coupsc
Army coups in other AfricanI
nations-particularly those in thei
former French colonies-have inl
recent months forced out civilianl
regimes that had begun moving
toward Peking. In addition, Kenya+
and other African nations have
been angered by what they call
Chinese meddling in their affairs.+
The Chinese Reds pitched their
drive in Africa on the theme that
they were membei's of a colored
race and were better partners for
the black Africans than the Rus-
sians.;
British officials were mum on
the significance of the Ghana
coup.I
But one official took note of:
Nkrumah's arrival in Peking and
said in jest: "I suppose that the;
Redeemer now will set up a gov-
ernment-in-exile in Peking."
By contrast to Nkrumah's{
friendship with Moscow and Pek-1
ing, he has quarreled with his!
African neighbors and Western
nations for most of Ghana's life
as an independent nation. Diplo-
matically, his extreme positions
often have left him isolated.
Yesterday's upheaval in volatile
Africa snatched from the stage.
one of the continent's most enig-
matic leaders, a man with vault-
ing ambitions who seemed to see
himself a redeemer destined to
lead all Africans to unity.
Nkrumah's tight dictatorship
earned the label of "the Cocoa
Curtain," behind which his nation
struggled with near-bankruptcy
caused by overambitious indus-
trialization, mismanagement, cor-
ruption, and confusion.
U.S. Aid
Though he sought-and received
-significant help from the United
States, Nkrumah's public posture
was one of vivlent antipathy to
Washington.
His philosophy, called "Nkru-
mahism," taught the youth of
the nation that the American
system was "Fascist, imperialist
and neocolonialist." It was to be
countered, he taught, by an Afri-
can socialism which would be a
beacon for "activists and freedom
fighters of the African struggle."
Minor Ailments
Michigan's senior senator, hos-
pitalized off and on in recent
years, blamed "relatively minor
ailments" for hisrexpected deci-
sion to quit. He now is completing
his second term as a senator.
Williams, 55, and Cavanagh, 37,
elected to a second term as De-
troit's mayor last fall, both fol-
lowed up with statements they
would take a look at the situation:
before making decisions whether
to try for the nomination.
Detroit'samayoralty is nonpar-
tisan. Cavanagh is a Democrat in
politics.
Williams' Plans
Williams, assistant secretary of
state for African affairs, had in-
dicated earlier he would run if
McNamara retired.
Though stationed in Washing-
ton for more than five years, Wil-
liams has kept close contact with
Michigan politics.
Cavanagh said he would declare
his intentions in Detroit March' 3.
Interest in Senate
He has expressed interest in the
Senate race but reportedly also
has been under pressure to con-
sider running for governor against
Republican George Romney.
With the bulk of congressional
and legislative support plus signif-
icant union backing for Williams,
there has been talk that Cava-
nagh's forces are re-evaluating the
senatorial primary.
Gov. Romney is favored to win
a third term, though he hasn't of-
ficially said he'll run.
Best Candidate
Many Democrats regard Cava-
nagh as their best gubernatorial
candidate-at least strong enough
to dim chances of any Romney
landslide that could cost Demo-
crats control of the State Senate
and up to four U.S. House seats.
Cavanagh so far has said he's
more interested in city or federal
work than being governor.
Last week, however, he met
with Leonard Woodcock, United
Auto Workers vice - president,
whose union reportedly would
favor Williams for senator but
would welcome Cavanagh against
Romney. Woodcock is also a po-
tential gubernatorial entry.
U .~ Iltantrymen liepulse
Fierce Viet Cong Onslaught,
namese do not have to turn to
Red China for help.
The British disarmament min-
ister, Lord Chalfont, won a prom-
ise from North Viet Nam's chief
diplomat in Moscow that Hanoi
would clarify its approach to peace
negotiations.
Humphrey
On another front, Vice President
Hubert H. Humphrey, reported
yesterday to congressmen on his
mission to Asia and said American
and South Vietnamese fighting
men are going to intensify their
assaults on the Viet Cong.
"The tide of battle has turned,"
Humphrey said, echoing Presidert
Johnson.
But Humphrey said no quick or
easy solution is in sight in the
Vietnamese war.
Briefings
Humphrey spent about four
hours reporting at a series of
White House briefings on his
nine-nation Asian journey.
He said he returned with "a
spirit of restrained optimism and
confidence" that the Communists
can be beaten in South Viet Nam
and a better life created for the
people there.
"We have now reached' the
stage," Humphrey told newsmen
after briefing some 200 senators
and representatives, "where our
military forces can sustain a plan-
ned, methodical forward move-
ment."
Operations
He said U.S. and South Viet-
namese forces are aiming con-
tinuous and effective operations
at Viet Cong guerrillas who once
could choose when and where they
fought.
"And this will be intensified,"
Humphrey said.
SAIGON, South Viet Nam (PM-
U.S. infantrymen hurled back a
fierce Viet Cong assault in a 3%-
hour battle yesterday in the
jungle 30 miles north of Saigon
and estimated they killed nearly
200.
Hundreds of Viet Cong guer-
rillas, backed by mortars and re-
coilless rifles, struck across a mine
field at 2:30 a.m. against the
command post of the U.S. 1st
Infantry Division's 1st Brigade,
which is assigned to a road-
building mission near Tay Binh.
Hammered by defensive fire that
ranged from m12 rifle bullets to
175mm artillery shells, the Viet
Cong pulled back in defeat at1
dawn.
Briefing officers told of half a
dozen lesser engagements of allied
and Communist forces in the coas-
tal provinces and further air raids
on military targets and communi-
cation lines of North Viet Nam.
U.S. Navy planes flew six mis-
sions over the North Wednesday
through overcast that ranged up
to 2,000 feet, with some heavy
rain. Guided by radar, they bomb-
ed a stretch of highway 36 miles
southwest of Vinh and a river
ford 36 miles west of Dong Hoi'
U.S. Air Force jets hit at bar-
racks three miles south of Dien
Bien Phu. Pilots said they de-
stroyed two buildings and cratered
the approach to a highway bridge
nearby.
Below the border, ground troops
and naval gunners were involved
in sporadic action along the South
China Sea coast.
The U.S. light guided missile
cruiser Tokepa lobbed 114 six-inch.
shells on entrenchments of a Viet
Cong battalion sighted by govern-
ment troops Wednesday in Quang
Tri Province, which adjoins North
Viet Nam's frontier. Spotters said
the Viet Cong were pinned down
in encircling patterns of fire.'
Small Viet Cong detachments
attacked two government outposts
about 18 miles southwest of Quang
Ngai City. One fell without a fight,
the 30 militiamen of its garrison
withdrawing. The other was hit
by 57mm recoilless rifle fire. The,
outcome of that action was un-
determined.
A battalion of the South Viet-
namese army's 2nd Division killed
10 Viet Cong while taking light
casualties in skirmishing near Mo
Duc, 18 miles south of Quangj
Ngai.
"HARVEST OF SHAME"
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"GRAPE PICKER'S STRIKE
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SWorld News Roundup
By The Associated Press
BEIRUT, Lebanon-Syria's new
rebel regime appeared in firm
control yesterday, backed by army
troops. There were no reports of
violence.
The threat of civil war appar-
ently collapsed when Radio Da-
mascus announced'the support of
garrison commanders in Aleppo,
the business capital of northern
Syria.
The Aleppo military leaders at
first denounced Wednesday's dawn
coup that toppled the regime of
Gen. Amin Hafez, Syrian chief of
state. They threatened to fight.
But in apparent behind-the-
scenes maneuvering, the revolu-
tionaries won the Aleppo troops
over to their cause-a cause that
will apparently take Syria even
further to the left.
MONTGOMERY, Ala. - Gov.
George C. Wallace's wife, Lurleen,
became a candidate for governor
of Alabama yesterday with a fore-
cast of victory from her husband
and a promise to let him run the
show if she is elected.
Mrs. Wallace, 39, told a cheer-
ing throng which jammed the
historic House of Representatives
chamber that she will seek the
Democratic nomination in the May
3 party primary.
She said she would run as a
"stand-in" candidate for her hus-
band who is barred by law from
seeking re-election. His term ends
in January.
* * *
WASHINGTON-A House com-
mittee concluded yesterday pro-
longed hearings which it said have
shown the Ku Klux Klan to be
made up largely of "sneaky, cow-
ardly men" filled with hatred and
bigotry.
The next step is for the House
Committee on Un-American Ac-
tivities to draft legislation to curb
Klan-type organization activities,
declared the acting chairman,
Rep. Joe Pool (D-Tex) .
WASHINGTON - The House
voted overwhelmingly yesterday
to authorize a $415-million emer-I
gency program to help bolster the4
sagging economy of South Viet
Nam and to aid several other
nations.
The amount approved, subject
to a later appropriation, was what
President Johnson requested last
month in a two-package program
for the remaining months of the
fiscal year ending June 30.
SPRING DANCE CONCERT
FRIDAY, FEB. 25-8:00 P.M. SATURDAY, FEB. 26-2:30,.8:00 P.M.
BARBOUR GYMNASIUM, DANCE STUDIO
TICKETS AT DOOR MATINEE 1:00 EVENINGS 1.25
SPONSORED BY U of M CONCERT DANCE ORGANIZATION AND UAC
UNDER NEW MANAGEMENT
Veux arre
Ke TauRanT
NEXT DOOR TO STATE THEATRE
f- - -
rI
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Ass't. Secretary of State for African Affairs
will speak on
0AT . 7t!'1Y _ !
I
(stop in
after the movie for a snack)
Featuring:
A "FREE CHICKEN DINNER"
fi TnUW ffth urn serve
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