Seventy-Sixth Year
EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS
Problem of an Overwhelming Bias,
4
Where Opinions Are Free'
Truth Will Prevail
420 MAYNARD ST., ANN ARBOR, MICH.
NEWS PHONE: 764-0552
Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.
SATURDAY, OCTOBER 23, 1965 NIGHT EDITOR: LAUREN BAHR
Power-Regent, Businessman:
A Conflict of Interest?
THE FACT that what is good for Univer-
sity Microfilms is not necessarily good
for the University may be a disappoint-
ment to Regent Eugene Power.
It appears that it is time for a com-
prehensive reevaluation of the relation-
ship between Power's University Micro-
films and the University Library.
Primarily, Power, as a Regent, has an
obligation to seek the opinion of the
Michigan attorney general on business
practices his firm has instituted since he
became a Regent in 1956. Secondly, as a
businessman, Power has an obligation to
comply with University regulations ap-
plicable to corporations doing business
with the University. Thirdly, as an indi-
vidual and a Regent, he has an obliga-
tion to reconsider the propriety of his
business relationship with the Univer-
sity.
THERE IS A SENSE of irony in all this
because Power's public contributions
both as a businessman and a Regent have
been substantial.
The meteoric growth of University Mi-
crofilms is a credit to Power's ingenuity
and business sense. Moreover in the best
tradition of the publishing world, Power
has undertaken projects which offer very
little profit potential but are an invalu-
able service to the scholarly world.
As a Regent, Power has given of him-
self unsparingly. A Democrat, Power has
been a key force in promoting an en-
lightened University attitude toward stu-
dent welfare.
As a private citizen Regent Power has
with no fanfare donated $150,000 worth
of microfilming materials to the Univer-
sity over the past ten years. And Regent
Power, long a supporter of theatre in
Ann Arbor, is currently making a sizable
contribution toward a new University
theatre.1
(The Daily Senior Editors took excep-
tion to the possible use of University
funds to add to Power's gift, but in no
way questioned his generosity or long
term commitment to good drama in Ann
Arbor.)
Yet for the second time in recent weeks
Power is coming under fire. Power and
many others may well ask why.
In good conscience one cannot ignore
the pertinent questions that arise after
a comprehensive examination of the situ-
ation.
SHOULD UNIVERSITY Microfilms be
allowed to store and sell microfilms
of University of Michigan dissertations
when a University agreement stipulates
that the library do this?
Perhaps, but such an arrangement viol-
ates a University agreement which spe-
cifically states that the library keep and
sell the microfilms of the doctoral theses.
Obviously something is amiss.
Moredver, the transfer of theses from
the University of Michigan to University
Microfilms, which sells them commer-
ially, could possibly be construed as a
contract and hence this whole procedure
could be a violation of state law.
Sources indicate that the University's
legal office believes the legal question
involved is. as yet unanswered. Moreover,
an Ann Arbor attorney has indicated that
the procedure could possibly be a viola-
tion of ' the copyright of the student's
thesis. Surely the University and Power
have an obligation to examine the legal-
ity of the current arrangement.
Microfilming all the catalogue cards in
the Undergraduate Library is an arrange-
ment Power should not have established
without seeking the attorney general's
opinion. Moreover, the University goes to
great expense to develop the shelflist and
then University Microfilms comes in, sells
the product at a commercial profit and
Editorial Staff
ROBERT JOHNSTON, Editor
LAURENCE KIRSHBAUM JEFFREY GOODMAN
Managing Editor Editorial Director
JUDITH FIELDS.................. Personnel Director
LAUREN BAHR........... Associate Managing Editor
JUDITH WARREN........Assistant Managing Editor
ROBERT HIPPLER.......Associate Editorial Director
GAIL BLUMBERG ................... Magazine Editor
LLOYD GRAFF ........ .........Acting Sports Editor
NIGHT EDITORS: Susan Collins, John Meredith,
doesn't even pay the University royalties
for it.
THE INCREASED DEMAND of Univer-
sity Microfilms customers for books on
the University of Michigan Shelflist
brought about the need for University
Microfilms to place two cameras in the
Undergraduate Library, another question-
able matter.
Allowing University Microfilms to have
cameras in the Undergraduate Library
represents a conflict in thinking on the
part of both Power and Library Director
Frederick Wagman.
When Eugene Power was elected Re-
gent he voluntarily removed one of his
company cameras from the basement of
the University General Library. "We de-
cided our relationship should become
much more formal," explains Wagman.
Apparently Wagman implies that the
cameras were removed for ethical con-
siderations.
But in 1964, as Wagman puts it, "My
thinking changed." Two cameras are now
in the Undergraduate Library. University
Microfilms pays no rent for the space.
Having cameras in the library allows
Power to supply books off the shelflist
more quickly and thus is a commercial
advantage to him.
Now perhaps it is perfectly legitimate
for University Microfilms to have its cam-
eras in the University library. But Pow-
er certainly has an obligation to check
with the attorney general to make sure
that this arrangement is a legitimate one.
PERHAPS THE MOST revealing incident
about Power's attitude toward this en-
tire situation is the question of using the
University's name. It is unbelievable that
Power can be a Regent for ten years and
yet be unaware that University consent
must be obtained to use the University's
name. Even sweatshirt companies need
the University's consent to use the school
emblem.)
Power claims he was unaware that his
ad promoting the "University of Michi-
gan Shelflist," represented a breach of
University policy.
Ironically the regents rule on viola-
tions of this advertising policy.
Power seems to maintain a "so what?"
attitude to his not obtaining University
consent to use the name in advertising.
And this typifies Power's reactions to-
ward the other questions raised.
BASICALLY HIS ATTITUDE is that he
gives so much to the University that
this overrides any other considerations.
As Wagman put it, "We (the Univer-
sity) get much more from University
Microfilms then we give them."
Wagman's justification is fallacious for
two reasons.
First of all University Microfilms may
well be getting more from the University
than it gives it.
But far more important is the realiza-
tion that a gift requires no reciprocal ob-
ligation on the part of the beneficiary.
If a newspaper baron donates $10,000 to
The Daily he does not get three free pages
of advertising.
Yet when one interviews dozens of Uni-
versity administrators he hears the con-
stant refrain, "Well, yes, perhaps there's
something a little amiss, but after all you
have to judge this in the context of Pow-
er's positive contributions."
THIS ATTITUDE, maintained by Power,
Wagman and other prominent Univer-
sity figures, is a frightening one.
University Microfilms apparently can
enjoy any privilege it wishes. As one
University Microfilms' executive confides,
"We have the libraries over a barrel."
The company can microfilm University
theses and catalogue cards, put cameras
in the library, and use the University's
name in advertising, and no one seems to
be asking legal or ethical questions about
these activities.
Power's attitude is, "We make them
(University Microfilms' services) available
often at very substantial sacrifices in or-
der that the University not be penalized
because I am a Regent."
Power's magnamity is certainly appre-
ciated. But apparently he refuses to con-
CARBOND ALEIl. - No, this
isn't about The Daily; we don't
admit to bias, just a point of view.
The point is that the conference
here, Vision 65, should be written
about in its own terms, the visual
communication arts, not with
words expressed with ink on paper
and trailing in sentences across
a page.
Words in sentences on paper
have their own considerable bias
simply in terms of the manner of
expression. A picture or a symbol
can say very different things and
allow the communication of very
different concepts in a very dif-
ferent framework than a printed
sentence can.
In this sense The Daily, and
the paper snowstorm that innun-
dates ustall, is biased purely be-
cause of the form in which it pre-
sents information and ideas. But
this is minor compared to the
plight of most modern U.S. univer-
sities, which are so completely
committed to the written word as
THE form of communication that
they run the risk of becoming
totally obsolete before the cen-
tury is out.
For example, there is the re-
search syndrome. Institutional
prestige, professorial prestige (and
hence salaries) and institutional
emphasis are all geared to "out-
put," conveniently measured by
publications. Research is seen as
a way of producing this visible
output.
UNFORTUNATELY, other fa-
cets of human activity and devel-
opment cannot be so easily meas-
ured and hence tend to get ignor-
ed by the "institution-builders,"
who insist on tangible evidence
of greatness. The values of the
visual arts are generally intangible,
difficult to nurture and apparent-
ly irrelevant.
One can argue first that they
needn't be relevant to have a place
in a university, or, if forced to
retreat from that utopian position,
that they are rapidly becoming
much more relevant than most of
what goes on in universities.
R. Buckminster Fuller, billed
here as an "inventor, engineer,
designer AND philosopher," said
in the conference's keynote ad-
dress that with "the energy dis-
tributing networks and the in-
dustrial machinery" removed from
the world's industrialized coun-
tries, two billion people would
starve to death in six months.
There would, however, be no
such problem he said, with just the
politicians, the ideologies and their
professional protagonists removed.
BASICALLY, the 400 people at
this conference can be dubbea
the new communicators. They are
slowly beginning to realize that
the new communications are going
to be more and more visual. Tele-
vision, for instance, will surely
have as great a long-run impact
on world development as the book
has.
Masaru Katzumie, a Japanese
designer, spoke of his attempts to
create an international symbology
for all the signs at the recent
Michigan MAD
By ROBERT JOHNSTON
Olympics in Tokyo. Such work is
now only tentative, but it seems
likely that such visual communi-
cations, conveying as they can
much more information than other
means and to many more people
instantly and cheaply will become
the dominant mode of interna-
tional contact.
And, logically, thinking will
cease to be in terms of the nation
and instead in terms of the world,
as we are beginning to see with
respect to Viet Nam. Will not in-
stant Telstar television of the
Viet Nam war have as much effect
on U.S. public opinion as it did
when the TV cameras were on the
spot in Selma?
Of course few people really un-
derstand or have any kind of a
feel for visual communication.
"But I don't understand it," is the
common plaint. What the speak-
er means is that the only lan-
guage he understands is the writ-
ten one, and this has blocked off
such a hunk of his mind that he
can't even conceive of others
existing.
All the American needs to do is
look around him-really look-to
understand how completely we ig-
nore visual stimuli, what thor-
oughgoing disregard we have for
the esthetic design and arrange-
ment of ourhenvironment, both in
terms of the whole and its parts.
IF VISUAL communication
really is to gain significant new
importance, that means that
those who understand and can
"speak" the language will become
the new communicators, and rise
rapidly in power and importance.
A few of those at the conference
were just beginning to sense this
kind of development in their posi-
tions. Up to now the talented
visual artist has usually been
bought, so to speak, like a work-
er. He works in industrial design,
advertising, movies or whatever.
Some of course rise to the level of
artists, especially in cinema, but
at great cost.
They don't appreciate this po-
sition. One of the pokes the con-
ference enjoyed most told how
Coca-Cola spent millions on a TV
special with Sophia Loren in Lon-
don. At the end of the show for
a final comment, she looked up
at a large Coca-Cola billboard and
said, "But of course we call it
Pepsi-Cola in Italy."
That's what most of these people
would like to do to their bosses.
Thorold Dickinson from Uni-
versity College, London, provided
some small examples of visual
communication in a university
context. He selected the 1930's
for historical study through films
with his students.
Charles Chaplin and Hitler were
"the outstanding personalities that
emerged, Chaplin in Modern
Times by his genius in crystalliz-
ing the trends of the time and in-
cidentally flouting the exponents
of escapism, and Hitler whose im-
pact in Triumph of the Will dis-
rupted our history department and
caused some students to change
their research and rewrite their
current theses."
He discusses the world-wide
problems of backwardness, poverty
and ignorance. "This experience
can only be captured at first hand
on sound film." The written word
is only second hand, Dickinson
said. "The world has largely been
content to live at second hand
yet the moving image is now de-
veloped enough to introduce the
truth at first hand, if we are not
afraid of the truth."
OR PERHAPS we are, or at least
we are afraid of new perspectives
on it. Written reports on anything
and everything are proliferating in
a bureaucratic world. Aren't film
record just as potentially valu-
able? Aren't we being tremen-
dously biased in looking at the
world only through the written
word?
These are important questions
for a university that claims to be
on the forefront of human knowl-
edge and endeavor and under-
standing.
With our overwhelming bias to-
ward the written word as a means
of communication and our in-
ability to even perceive let alone
understand the potential impor-
tance of other "languages," we
may find ourselves at the head of
the pack all right, but on the
wrong road-a dead end.
i$
Coming--a Rebirth
Of McCarthyism?
By BRUCE WASSERSTEIN
McCARTHYISM IS on the move.
Now it is only creeping, but it
is moving.
And as the movement gains
momentum, it will be harder and
harder to stop.
The story in today's paper about
the allegations of the Internal
Security Subcommittee of the
Senate Committee on the Judi-
ciary about members of the teach-
in movement is indicative of the
smearing that is starting now.
Take for example the docu-
mentation of Professors Rapaport
and Coburn's alleged "Communist
sympathies and/or association
with known . Communists and
known Communist movement and
front organizations."
IN THE CASE of Prof. Rapo-
port the strongest documentation
that the committee makes is, "the
bulletin of the South Shore Club
of the Communist Party in Chi-
cago dated February 1946 an-
nounced that a benefit concert
was to be held on March 2, 1946
at 7634 South Yates, Chicago. It
was further announced that An-
atol Rapoport, accomplishd pian-
ist and mathematician, would per-
form on this occasion.
In the case of Prof. Coburn one
can not even say that any of the
allegations seem vaguely pertinent.
One couldbname an innumerable
list of liberals who would, like
Coburn, oppose HUAC, the Mundt
bill, and speaker bans.
Who knows who will be smeared
next?
WHEN WILL the witch hunts
begin again?
It. is essential that the acad-
demic community realize that the
bellowing of "Are you or have
you ever been," is not too fai
away.
There may very well have been
a few Communists in the teach-in
movement, but they certainly did
no dominate it.
And Dodd seems to have missed
the boat with his list of 19 alleged
sympathizers.
The fact that Dodd's allegations
are being repeated by other politi-
cians snakes the issue all the more
pertinent. Even if there is no at-
tempt to hold hearings like in the
50's, there is still the fact that
the airing of these irresponsible
charges is producing an ugly poli-
tical climate in which citizens are
unsure of their right of free dis-
sent.
Although Dodd claims he is in
favor of free speech, he says that
a line must be drawn between "re-
sponsible dissent" and treason.
But don't people have the right
to advocate dissent which'in
Dodd's judgment does not conform
to the conventionally "respon-
sible?" To the dissenters the con-
ventional may seem more irre-
sponsible.
PEOPLE STILL THINK that a
repetition of the early '50's is im-
possible. They take Dodd's charges
of Communist infiltration with a
grain of salt and sit back in their
easy chairs.
The Dodd report should speak
for itself. Its twisted logic and
ludicrous innuendos should make
the academic community, teachers
and students, realize that the
seeds of McCarthyism have been
sown.
It is their responsibility, regard-
less of their individual political
affiliations, to mobilize public out-
rage so the seeds are destroyed
before they grow.
#'I
BUL L IN A CIA1NA SHOPcW
Administrators Must Adjust to Real World' Student
By ED SCHWARTZ
Collegiate Press Service
STUDENTS ARE often urged to
"adjust."
With the collapse last year of
the educational philosophy of an
entire decade at Berkeley and
elsewhere, college administrators
are going to have a few adjust-
ment problems of their own. High-
er education has changed. It is
no longer a savored luxury of the
elite, as it may have been 25
years ago. Nor is it the protracted
guidebook for technocrats encour-
aged in the '50's.
The numerous popular attacks
on specialization have succeeded
sufficiently that even students are
beginning to value liberal arts in
the classroom and open discussion
outside of it.
This has come as a shock to
those accustomed to the compla-
cence of the "ivory tower intellec-
The Guns
Of August
TN THE lovebed of war
nid hnrses die groaning
tual" for whom a university was
little more than a lab, a library, a
classroom, and a bunk. It's time
they recovered.
IN THE DAYS of elite educa-
tion, there would have been some
merit to the administrative con-
tention that powerful student gov-
ernments or vocal undergraduate
political organizations were not an
essential part of the campus.
Even today, Dean Griswold of
Harvard Law School could boast
to a group of Oberlin alumni that
"our students are too busy worry-
ing about torts to get concerned
about 'their role in the decision-
making process'." His was the
clearest statement of what I would
call the "our Negroes are happy"
school of college administrators.
Griswold, however, presides over
one of the last strongholds of the
elite. The relationship between the
law student and the university is
vertical. He has no social rules.
He is not expected to "develop as
a whole man," although he might.
Chances are that he has his own
apartment and lives independent
of university facilities, except
those which relate to his study of
law. His concern with, university
decision making merely reflects
the university's unwillingness to
They may hire psychologists,
special counselors, administrators
of extra-curricular activities, even
social directors. By their own ad-
mission, classroom education is
only one part of their relationship
to the student.
When an undergraduate accepts
this premise, however, that stu-
dent's involvbment in policy is
equally necessary to develop "qual-
ities of citizenship" and that stu-
dent action in local communities
is a desirable adjunct to courses
in the social sciences, the same
administrators will revert to the
elitistnargument that "education
should be confined to the class-
room-you have no business doing
any of these things."
IF I WERE a rabid leftist, I
would brand such sophistry as a
glaring example of Establishment
hypocrisy. So as not to impugn
motives, I would suggest that it
represents an unwitting contra-
diction.
I 'do not object to a university
which seeks to provide extra-
curricular as well as classroom
programs for its students. Indeed,
as higher education is made avail-
able to large numbers and as
course material replaces vocation-
al training with "broad develop-
ment," opportunities for action
will be necessary for students to
test conflicting theories through
participation.
But a university cannot confuse
development with indoctrination,
participation with manipulation,
and expect a person trained in
critical thought to accept. The
student need only examine Na-
poleon's system of nonrepresented
governments to evaluate the poli-
tical position of his student gov-
ernment.
A quick intake of Socrates'
"Apology" should provide him an
incentive for honest expression.
And then there's that messy busi-
ness of civil rights.
Therefore, the administrator
must adjust. If he wants the
American campus to become a
laboratory for the "leaders of
tomorrow," he must create a cam-
pus community in which qualities
of leadership can be developed-
one which guarantees that a stu-
dent opinion has some chance of
implementation and which enables
a student politico to work in the
"real world" with the university's
blessings.
Otherwise, the administrator
will discover that the student has
learned his lessons too well.
I
4
Sc hutze 's Corner .Cold War
4
INTER - FRATERNITY Council
has announced that more
people want to join fraternities
this year than ever before. Rush
this fall was 80 per cent larger
than the nrevinn rnord high.
associated with fraternities by
flocking to the protest groups and
their patently more patriotic
image of nonconformist intellec-
tualism.
Eventually, the two opposing
summits of the rival organiza-
tions.
The fraternity men will be free
to drink their beer and the pro-
testers to strum their guitars in the
secure knowledge that the leader-