Seventy-Sixth Year
EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS
'U' Should Learn from Heyns' Stay
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Truth Will Prevail
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Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This mus t be noted in all reprints.
TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 14, 1965 NIGHT EDITOR: PETER SARASOHN
The Pakistan-India War:
Vital, Crucial-and Neglected
ON THE BATTLEFIELDS of Kashmir
America is suffering its worst defeat
in its attempt to limit the growing
sphere of influence of the Communist
Chinese.
India and Pakistan are tearing each
other apart. If the fighting continues for
an extended period of time both sides in
the Kashmir dispute will be bankrupt and
their military strength will be complete-
ly enervated. And as India grows weak-
er the relative strength of the Chinese
grows.
Ironically, a good part of the arms
which the Indians and Pakistanis are
using to kill each other have been sup-
plied by the United States through its
military aid program. Pakistan has re-
ceived about $1.5 billion in military aid
since its independence and India has re-
ceived deliveries worth $80 million since
1962.
One interesting insight on U.S. policy
is that while military aid to Pakistan has
totaled $1.5 billion our economic aid to
that impoverished country has been only
t$2 billion. Thus American strategists have
tended to think of the economic and
military needs of that state within the
same range while people there are still
starving in the streets.,
IT ALSO SHOULD be quite apparent to
American policy makers, assuming that
they've wanted to make India and Paki-
stan into major military powers which
can act as bulwarks against further Com-
munist domination of Asia, that one can-
not build an effective army on a weak
industrial base.
Such armies cannot hope to maintain
themselves over an extended period of
time. Assuming that rather than fight-
ing Pakistan India were fighting China,
the probability is strong that the internal
industrial structure of the country -would
collapse within a few weeks. Thus if the
U.S. seriously intended that India display
anything more than token resistance to
a Chinese invasion it would have been
necessary for American aid to have sup-
ported more heartily the basic develop-
ment of heavy industry in India.
In the meantime, although the Indians
like to take holier than thou stances on
international political issues and con-
stantly urge other countries to nego-
Pax
Americana
IT WAS REPORTED recently that our
planes are dropping special peace
packages of games and toys over North
Viet Nam.
Imagine the contents of an average
package: Mattell machine-gun, Monopoly
set, Chance, Barbie Doll, "Rich Uncle,"
"Mad" magazine, "G.I. Joe Comics" and
certainly some dominoes.
An accurate sample of American life,
no doubt, sure to make little children and
sympathetic parents want to give up the
tight for the glories of "Pax Americana."
-R. RAPOPORT
tai tiatt D iy
Editorial Staff
ROBERT JOHNSTON, Editor
LAURENCE KIRSHBAUM JEFFREY GOODMAN
Managing Editor Editorial Director
JUDITH FIELDS ........ Acting Personnel Director
LAUREN BAHR .......... Associate Managing Editor
JUDITH WARREN .. Acting Assistant Managing Editor
ROBERT HIPPLER ....... Associate Editorial Director
GAIL BLUMBERG ................ Magazine Editor
LLOYD GRAFFT'.............. Acting Sports Editor
NIGHT EDITORS: Susan Collins, John Meredith,
Leonard Pratt, Peter Sarasohn, Bruce Wasserstein.
ASSISTANT NIGHT EDITORS: Michael Badamo,
Clarence Fanto, Mark Killingsworth, Robert Moore,
Dick Wingfield.
Business Staff
CY WELLMAN, Business Manager
ALAN GLUECKMAN .......... Advertising Manager
JmOYCE~ FEINBERG.................... Finance Manager
tiate their differences, they seem to have
no great desire to mediate the Kashmir
question.
The basic reason for this is that the
Indians are afraid if a plebiscite were
carried out in Kashmir, the population
would vote for affiliation with Pakistan,
losing for India a relatively wealthy prov-
ince, and the rest of India will break out
in a bloody civil war between the Hindu.
and Moslem population.
There are currently 46 million Moslems
in the midst of Hindu India and there is
no love lost between the two religious
groups. According to Indian officials the
Hindus regard the possession of Kashmir
with nationalistic pride, and if they lost
it they would take out their ill feelings
on the Moslem minority.
Furthermore, it is maintained that a
secession of Kashmir from India would
lead to a breakdown of central govern-
ment in India since some of the other
provinces have separationist tendencies.
It should be noted that historically India
has been a highly decentralized society
with a relatively low degree of national
functional integration.
ON THE OTHER HAND, Pakistan is re-
luctant to arbitrate because it believes
that India has violated a 1949 cease-fire
agreement which called for a plebiscite
in Kashmir. Actually, considering India's
often heard cry for self determination
for emerging states, Prime Minister Shas-
tri's stand on Kashmir seems quite hypo-
critical, but as an Indian official com-
mented recently on "Face the Nation,"
considering the American civil war Amer-
icans are no people to talk about the vir-
tues of local self determination either.
Despite the dubious morality of In-
dia's position, one must approach the
situation with the realization that Chi-.
nese troops are massed along the Sino-
Indian border ready to storm through,
Hope Cooke's Sikkim in a movement sim-
ilar to their drive in 1962, which resulted
in the collapse of the Indian army.
China, which is backing the claims of
Pakistan to Kashmir, stands to benefit
the most from the conflict. Although
Kashmir is among the wealthiest prov-
inces of the Indian subcontinent, the pos-
sibility of the conflict there escalating
to a world war is strong. Both the So-
viet Union and the United States realize
this grim possibility and are seeking to
end the conflict. But so far the only meas-
ure the U.S. has taken was to cut off
military aid to both countries and to sup-
port the abortive attempts to arrange
a cease-fire by UN Secretary-General U
Thant.
THEGENERAL POPULATION of the
United States is not yet aware of the
serious ramifications of the Kashmir dis-
pute. A large part of the blame for this
lack of information can be placed on the
shoulders of the nation's mass media. For
example, Detroit's radio stations have
been broadcasting news on the war after
such pressing topics as party crashing
teenage dipsomaniacs and ticket fixing
policemen.
Meanwhile at the University there will
be an international conference on Viet
Nam starting today and there are con-
stantly groups agitating about the im-
morality of the American presence in
Southeast Asia-ignoring the Kashmir
issue.
The only students, in fact, who seem
deeply involved in the issue seem to be
the Pakistani and Indian foreign stu-
dents. Certainly the moral question of the
right of the people of Kashmir for self
determination is every bit as relevant as
the question of self determination for
the people of Viet Nam. Furthermore,
the Kashmir dispute is limiting the ef-
fectiveness of the United Nations as an
arbitrator for international peace be-
cause of India's and Pakistan's double
standards, and the possibility of a nu-
clear holocaust has been increased con-
siderably by the conflict.
In addition, the strength of Mao's hand
in Asia is being immeasurably increased.
C#rce c uali -n c nnlii l nr p
AFTER A LAPSE of seven years,
~aRoger Heyns is finally follow-
ing Charles Odegaard, former
dean of the literary college and
now president of the University of
Washington at Seattle, to the west
coast.
The University owes a great
deal to Heyns, including the fact
that the strength of the institu-
tion is now such that his loss,
while a blow to the educational
excellence he has worked so hard
to foster, need not necessarily to
be considered an irreversable set-
back.
It will be just that, however,
unless a good deal more institu-
tional introspection and analysis
of the last five years begins to
take place than has thus far.
There are quite a few lessons to
be learned from him and from
his work at the University.
They deserve review here, not
for the sake of flag-waving at his
departure, but for our own bene-
fit. The issues that such a review
raises are ones that have for
years been shelvedhas topics of
serious discussion aimed toward
involvement in real action on the
complex hard-core issues. And
such action as has occurred has
rarely been based on realistic and
well-grounded surveys of the al-
ternatives open to the University.
THE DIMENSIONS of Heyns'
work are best illustrated by his
handling of the problem of
growth. Until he moved in on this
one in the Office of Academic
Affairs, the University's response
to the rising tide of applicants
was typically uncoordinated, chao-
tic and totally unoriginal-if, in
fact, it could even have been la-
beled a response at all.
Here was a real problem. The
thundering herd was descending
upon a university totally unpre-
pared to even think ahead a few
years to decide what might be
done. The first step in combating
this was completed last winter-
the establishment of some growth
figures based on present growth
trends, the graduate program am-
bitions of the schools and col-
legesand the upper limits of es-
timates of how many undergradu-
ates could be accommodated.
The growth report was the first
and most obvious step in the ap-
plication of rationality and plan-
ning to direct the future of the
University in desirable channels,
And, even though it was little
more than a subjective survey, its
production was a major event in
University administrative history
and required an unbelievable and
inordinate amount of effort.
There is, then, a great deal to
be done. Growth has a great many
implications for future develop-
ment of the instructional staff,
for housing, for University build-
ing, for administrative organiza-
tion, for budgeting and so on.
Yet all of these questions are still
being handled largely on an ad
hoc basis. It's not "Where will be
be five years from now and what
will we need specifically and how
can we get it?", it's "My God,
we've got four hundred more
freshmen than we have dorms,
teachers or classmoors for, what
are we going to do?"
We are blithely planning a
multi-million dollar residential
college, which is wonderful. But
the thinking about how that col-
lege is going to fit into the Uni-
versity's growth patterns, how it
will affect them and vice verse
and when all these things will
take place has thus far been
grounded in totally unrealistic as-
sumptions on timing, finding
Michigan MAD
By ROBERT JOHNSTON
money and implementing pro-
grams.
THE LESSONS HERE are clear.
Any way you want to measure
the University (faculty, students,
budgets, programs) there is an
accelerating rate of development.
If such development isn't planned
for and its directions decided upon
realistically from within, the de-
cisions will either be made else-
where or not at all, and the in-
stitution will disintegrate into
hoards of screaming undergradu-
ates dancing around a pile of
faculty committees, still debating
whether or not it is "wise and
proper and educationally profit-
able" for the University to grow.
Ofacourse it is easy to.berate
the faculty on this sort of thing,
and another of Heyns' contribu-
tions to University development
has been his fundamental faith
in faculty involvement in the de-
velopment of responses to these
issues and his unceasing efforts
to make them aware of what is
happening and of the responses
that must be made.
To achieve this he has labored
long and hard and successfully to
build up lines of communication
among the schools ;and colleges
and up and down the University
hierarchy. The Acedamie Affairs
Advisory Council has become a
strong, integrated unit of policy-
making and implementation with
a fairly clear vision of the Uni-
versity as a whole and of the
place of each component in. the
total structure.
The importance of such broad
and deep channels of communica-
tion for bringing about this sort
of vision and understanding of
the totality cannot be overesti-
mated. Individual units become
much more acutely aware of their
own defects and attributes, of
contributions they can make in
previously unthought of areas and
of benefits they can receive from
untapped sources.
And it simply makes, further,
for much smoother functioning
and policy implementation. When
those who are to implement the
plans and decisions have partici-
pated in their formulation, things
just naturally run a lot better.
ANOTHER LESSON that can be
learned from Heyns is the basic
importance of teaching excellence
in a university. It's so easy in
this matter to follow the crowd,
to accommodate the pressures, to
let good undergraduate teaching
slip into second place and to let
research or, worse, publishing for
publishing's sake o e rwh e m
broader considerations of the pur-
poses and importance of the Uni-
versity.
Time after time, Heyns asks
deans, department chairmen and
other faculty, "What does he teach
and how well?" and "How do you
know?" Time after time he has
found money for educationally
exciting enterprises, or just for
good teachers. It's amazing, when
you think about it, how ridiculous
it is to have it any othersway.
For if a university cannot set up
and live up to standards of ex-
cellence in its teaching function,
its most basic and traditional pur-
pose, what in the world can it be
gobd for?
It's a simple matter of first
things first.
Finally, the importance of head-
ing an office that is, in a basic
sense, just doing a good and
thorough job, is another lesson
to be learned from Heyns. A well-
prepared budget with air-tight
supporting arguments is of vital
importance to the University in
Lansing, and it is just a function
of hard work in assembling and
integrating data on what is need-
ed and for what.
A well-oiled research bureau-
cracy has also paid many a divi-
dend to the University in terms of
research dollars, a highly success-
ful research program and head-
aches saved.
What, generally, could make a
dean or even a faculty member
happier than a bureaucracy that
did his paper work for him swift-
ly instead of sending him back
more and more to do? (We've got
a ways to go yet to that utopia,
however.)
HEYNS HASN'T CUT a spec-
tacular figure at the University.
Neither has he done what anyone
would label an outwardly specta-
cular job. But he has left some
major new features on the Uni-
versity landscape. He has instilled
in the University some traditions
and methods of operation long
lacking.
His successor, Allan Smith, has
a great deal to work with, and
the University is moving like it has
never moved before. Opportun-
ities are multiplying everywhere.,
The University has come a long
way in the last five years, and it
can go several times as far in
the next five, given a clear-headed
reading of the lessons Heyns has
made available to us.
Where do we go from here?
Wherever we want.
*
*
what's More Vital,
Study or Folky Music?
2't
i
o'
,IlV "
s~ C
1965.The U yp~aw
To the Editor:
LIVING NEAR the west exit of
Hill Auditorium, I enjoyed
once again Sunday night, as in
the past, the plaintive songs of
shivering quaddies and frats try-
ing to kill time waiting for the
box office to open Monday morn-
ing. As per usual, the line began
to form at noon or so Sunday as
the scramble for good block tick-
ets began. I thank those involved
for their inspiring rendition of
"Hey-Lolly-Lolly-Lo" which pro-
vided keen competition for my own
efforts to recognize the major
trends of the election of 1896.
Later numbers such as "99
bottles of beer" and other camp
favorites detracted little from my
equally sincere endeavors to fol-
low the development of major
cartographic schools of thought.
Sadly, however, there is a basic
incompatibility between t h e
strains of Celito Lindo and my
desire for sleep.
BY WHAT EDICT is the King-
ston Trio more holy than my in-
tellectual enlargement and my
physical rest?
-Lawrence Okrent, '66
Vivian's Record
To the Editor:
SUNDAY'S FRONT PAGE article
on Ann Arbor's freshman Con-
gressman, Weston Vivian, was an
excellent and detailed analysis of
the conscientious and thorough
job being done in Washington by
our representative there.
It was particularly interesting
to read that defeated Congress-
man Meader's policy of ignoring
the home district has been de-
cisively reversed as shown by the
number of Rep. Vivian's return
visits to the 2nd Congressional
District; which reporter Mark Kil-
lingsworth states is in excess of
33 in just over 8 months in office.
It is extremely heartwarming
for this student to see a sincere
politician who cares enough about
students, professors, and other
constituents to return frequently
to hear their views and to explain
to them what is going on in Wash-
ington.
Progressive students seriously in-
terested in social change might
also note the article's several ref-
erences to the Congressman's im-
portant trip to Selma, Alabama,
his continued concern with Uni-
versity constituents beaten and
jailed in the South, and his whole-
hearted support' for the Voting
Rights Act, Aid to Education Bill,
Medicare, and increased efforts
to bring federal research and de-
velopment contracts to the Uni-
versity and the Midwest.
FOR YEARS, the progressives
on this campus have had the
congressional ear closed to them.
Now Rep. Vivian offers an effec-
tive, open-minded dialogue as well
as information and services
through his Washington and Ann
Arbor offices and his frequent re-
turn trips here. Activists who are
sincere in their desire for con-
structive change should take ad-
vantage of opportunities for con-
tact with their Representative and
should work diligently to see that
this man and his ideas continue
in a position of influence in Wash-
ington.
-Christopher Cohen, '67
--
A Childhood Memory--and Reminders of Its Cause
By PETER R. SARASOHN
I WAS that age when you are
about three feet tall and always
cute. Jackson Heights, New York,
was my home, and my mother and
I would travel a lot by subway to
visit my grandmother in the
Bronx.
It was in the late 1940s just
after the 1947 Harlem race riots.
I was on the subway with my
mother. I wouldn't have remem-
bered this specific situation at
all except she told me about it
ten years later.
It was early afternoon and the
subway wasn't too crowded. We
both had seats facing out across
the aisle. I used to like this type
because we could see all the people
going and coming. There wasn't
one person in our section of the
car that I would miss. It was
tremendous fun.
I do remember one time, how-
ever, that my cousin (he was one
year older but a little shorter than
I was-so we could be friends
She also had a few white ribbons
in her hair.
I looked over at her with in-
terest and suddenly slid off my
seat and walked across the aisle
to her and continued to look but
now more closely. Her mother was
looking at me but not her daugh-
ter. She just stared at the floor.
I stood there for a half minute
and then finally she looked up at
me and grinned. I figured we were
friends for life now. However, it
was a quick grin and I don't
think anyone saw it except me.
I then walked back to my seat.
EVERYONE was tense in our
section of the car, watching us
to see what would happen. This
tense feeling was common in the
city and had remained so after
the riots. People were carefully
conscious of what they were say-
ing, what they were doing and how
and where they were looking.
Many felt that hostilities were
actually greater at that time than
before the riot and that violence
The tense feeling disappeared.
It's a true story (if you don't be-
lieve it, call my mother).
THE PROBLEM of people dis-
liking others because of their
color has been reduced from in
the past, but at the same time has
been replaced by another problem
just as hard to resolve-the prob-
lem of liking people because of
their color.
Many white students with this
problem have a rude awakening,
eventually, when they discover
everything isn't wine and roses.
They find that color is actually
skin deep and they'd better chose
their friends by the quality of
their innards and not otherwise.
But the sad case is the student
coming from a well-restricted
background who wants very sin-
cerely to climb out of his white-
northern-liberal hole. He ap-
proaches the Negro as a thing-
trying to discover how it ticks. Or
else, he tries very hard to become
the friend of a Negro and, in fact,
often he unfortunately tries too
hard.
Anyone with minimum sensitiv-
ity can feel this and its has a
negative effect on a relationship
from the start. No one wants to
be liked solely because he has
sexy legs, wavy hair or freckles.
THIS HAS CAUSED a new prej-
udice among some Negroes -
against any whites who wish to
be friendly. Such whites are
suspect from the outset, because
they seem to wish to be friendly
because of color alone. This situa-
tion is understandable, yet unfair
to both parties.
Despite their shortcomings,
there is less prejudice among
young people today than ever be-
fore. Many students at the Uni-
versity from places like West-
chester, Shaker Heights or Grosse
Point wish to realize more than
ever the American ideal of re-
spectability for the individual.
They shouldn't be condemned by
anyone concerning their possible
ignorance abouthhuman beings.
Further, they should never stop
trying, for when they do, America
will sink.
4'
Schutze's Corner:* U' Intrigue
EDITOR'S NOTE: James Schutze,
a literary college sophomore, is pos-
sessed of a rather wicked wit. He
claims to have something at which
President's suspiciously darkened
garage in an Aston-Martin eva-
sion vehicle. It stops and the
perior a complete set of photos
showing President Hatcher in the
act of receiving a bribe from
rte.