Seventy-Sixth Year EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS 'U' Should Learn from Heyns' Stay There Opinions Are Free 420 MAYNARD ST., ANN ARBOR, MICH. Truth Will Prevail NEws PHONE: 764-0552 Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers or the editors. This mus t be noted in all reprints. TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 14, 1965 NIGHT EDITOR: PETER SARASOHN The Pakistan-India War: Vital, Crucial-and Neglected ON THE BATTLEFIELDS of Kashmir America is suffering its worst defeat in its attempt to limit the growing sphere of influence of the Communist Chinese. India and Pakistan are tearing each other apart. If the fighting continues for an extended period of time both sides in the Kashmir dispute will be bankrupt and their military strength will be complete- ly enervated. And as India grows weak- er the relative strength of the Chinese grows. Ironically, a good part of the arms which the Indians and Pakistanis are using to kill each other have been sup- plied by the United States through its military aid program. Pakistan has re- ceived about $1.5 billion in military aid since its independence and India has re- ceived deliveries worth $80 million since 1962. One interesting insight on U.S. policy is that while military aid to Pakistan has totaled $1.5 billion our economic aid to that impoverished country has been only t$2 billion. Thus American strategists have tended to think of the economic and military needs of that state within the same range while people there are still starving in the streets., IT ALSO SHOULD be quite apparent to American policy makers, assuming that they've wanted to make India and Paki- stan into major military powers which can act as bulwarks against further Com- munist domination of Asia, that one can- not build an effective army on a weak industrial base. Such armies cannot hope to maintain themselves over an extended period of time. Assuming that rather than fight- ing Pakistan India were fighting China, the probability is strong that the internal industrial structure of the country -would collapse within a few weeks. Thus if the U.S. seriously intended that India display anything more than token resistance to a Chinese invasion it would have been necessary for American aid to have sup- ported more heartily the basic develop- ment of heavy industry in India. In the meantime, although the Indians like to take holier than thou stances on international political issues and con- stantly urge other countries to nego- Pax Americana IT WAS REPORTED recently that our planes are dropping special peace packages of games and toys over North Viet Nam. Imagine the contents of an average package: Mattell machine-gun, Monopoly set, Chance, Barbie Doll, "Rich Uncle," "Mad" magazine, "G.I. Joe Comics" and certainly some dominoes. An accurate sample of American life, no doubt, sure to make little children and sympathetic parents want to give up the tight for the glories of "Pax Americana." -R. RAPOPORT tai tiatt D iy Editorial Staff ROBERT JOHNSTON, Editor LAURENCE KIRSHBAUM JEFFREY GOODMAN Managing Editor Editorial Director JUDITH FIELDS ........ Acting Personnel Director LAUREN BAHR .......... Associate Managing Editor JUDITH WARREN .. Acting Assistant Managing Editor ROBERT HIPPLER ....... Associate Editorial Director GAIL BLUMBERG ................ Magazine Editor LLOYD GRAFFT'.............. Acting Sports Editor NIGHT EDITORS: Susan Collins, John Meredith, Leonard Pratt, Peter Sarasohn, Bruce Wasserstein. ASSISTANT NIGHT EDITORS: Michael Badamo, Clarence Fanto, Mark Killingsworth, Robert Moore, Dick Wingfield. Business Staff CY WELLMAN, Business Manager ALAN GLUECKMAN .......... Advertising Manager JmOYCE~ FEINBERG.................... Finance Manager tiate their differences, they seem to have no great desire to mediate the Kashmir question. The basic reason for this is that the Indians are afraid if a plebiscite were carried out in Kashmir, the population would vote for affiliation with Pakistan, losing for India a relatively wealthy prov- ince, and the rest of India will break out in a bloody civil war between the Hindu. and Moslem population. There are currently 46 million Moslems in the midst of Hindu India and there is no love lost between the two religious groups. According to Indian officials the Hindus regard the possession of Kashmir with nationalistic pride, and if they lost it they would take out their ill feelings on the Moslem minority. Furthermore, it is maintained that a secession of Kashmir from India would lead to a breakdown of central govern- ment in India since some of the other provinces have separationist tendencies. It should be noted that historically India has been a highly decentralized society with a relatively low degree of national functional integration. ON THE OTHER HAND, Pakistan is re- luctant to arbitrate because it believes that India has violated a 1949 cease-fire agreement which called for a plebiscite in Kashmir. Actually, considering India's often heard cry for self determination for emerging states, Prime Minister Shas- tri's stand on Kashmir seems quite hypo- critical, but as an Indian official com- mented recently on "Face the Nation," considering the American civil war Amer- icans are no people to talk about the vir- tues of local self determination either. Despite the dubious morality of In- dia's position, one must approach the situation with the realization that Chi-. nese troops are massed along the Sino- Indian border ready to storm through, Hope Cooke's Sikkim in a movement sim- ilar to their drive in 1962, which resulted in the collapse of the Indian army. China, which is backing the claims of Pakistan to Kashmir, stands to benefit the most from the conflict. Although Kashmir is among the wealthiest prov- inces of the Indian subcontinent, the pos- sibility of the conflict there escalating to a world war is strong. Both the So- viet Union and the United States realize this grim possibility and are seeking to end the conflict. But so far the only meas- ure the U.S. has taken was to cut off military aid to both countries and to sup- port the abortive attempts to arrange a cease-fire by UN Secretary-General U Thant. THEGENERAL POPULATION of the United States is not yet aware of the serious ramifications of the Kashmir dis- pute. A large part of the blame for this lack of information can be placed on the shoulders of the nation's mass media. For example, Detroit's radio stations have been broadcasting news on the war after such pressing topics as party crashing teenage dipsomaniacs and ticket fixing policemen. Meanwhile at the University there will be an international conference on Viet Nam starting today and there are con- stantly groups agitating about the im- morality of the American presence in Southeast Asia-ignoring the Kashmir issue. The only students, in fact, who seem deeply involved in the issue seem to be the Pakistani and Indian foreign stu- dents. Certainly the moral question of the right of the people of Kashmir for self determination is every bit as relevant as the question of self determination for the people of Viet Nam. Furthermore, the Kashmir dispute is limiting the ef- fectiveness of the United Nations as an arbitrator for international peace be- cause of India's and Pakistan's double standards, and the possibility of a nu- clear holocaust has been increased con- siderably by the conflict. In addition, the strength of Mao's hand in Asia is being immeasurably increased. C#rce c uali -n c nnlii l nr p AFTER A LAPSE of seven years, ~aRoger Heyns is finally follow- ing Charles Odegaard, former dean of the literary college and now president of the University of Washington at Seattle, to the west coast. The University owes a great deal to Heyns, including the fact that the strength of the institu- tion is now such that his loss, while a blow to the educational excellence he has worked so hard to foster, need not necessarily to be considered an irreversable set- back. It will be just that, however, unless a good deal more institu- tional introspection and analysis of the last five years begins to take place than has thus far. There are quite a few lessons to be learned from him and from his work at the University. They deserve review here, not for the sake of flag-waving at his departure, but for our own bene- fit. The issues that such a review raises are ones that have for years been shelvedhas topics of serious discussion aimed toward involvement in real action on the complex hard-core issues. And such action as has occurred has rarely been based on realistic and well-grounded surveys of the al- ternatives open to the University. THE DIMENSIONS of Heyns' work are best illustrated by his handling of the problem of growth. Until he moved in on this one in the Office of Academic Affairs, the University's response to the rising tide of applicants was typically uncoordinated, chao- tic and totally unoriginal-if, in fact, it could even have been la- beled a response at all. Here was a real problem. The thundering herd was descending upon a university totally unpre- pared to even think ahead a few years to decide what might be done. The first step in combating this was completed last winter- the establishment of some growth figures based on present growth trends, the graduate program am- bitions of the schools and col- legesand the upper limits of es- timates of how many undergradu- ates could be accommodated. The growth report was the first and most obvious step in the ap- plication of rationality and plan- ning to direct the future of the University in desirable channels, And, even though it was little more than a subjective survey, its production was a major event in University administrative history and required an unbelievable and inordinate amount of effort. There is, then, a great deal to be done. Growth has a great many implications for future develop- ment of the instructional staff, for housing, for University build- ing, for administrative organiza- tion, for budgeting and so on. Yet all of these questions are still being handled largely on an ad hoc basis. It's not "Where will be be five years from now and what will we need specifically and how can we get it?", it's "My God, we've got four hundred more freshmen than we have dorms, teachers or classmoors for, what are we going to do?" We are blithely planning a multi-million dollar residential college, which is wonderful. But the thinking about how that col- lege is going to fit into the Uni- versity's growth patterns, how it will affect them and vice verse and when all these things will take place has thus far been grounded in totally unrealistic as- sumptions on timing, finding Michigan MAD By ROBERT JOHNSTON money and implementing pro- grams. THE LESSONS HERE are clear. Any way you want to measure the University (faculty, students, budgets, programs) there is an accelerating rate of development. If such development isn't planned for and its directions decided upon realistically from within, the de- cisions will either be made else- where or not at all, and the in- stitution will disintegrate into hoards of screaming undergradu- ates dancing around a pile of faculty committees, still debating whether or not it is "wise and proper and educationally profit- able" for the University to grow. Ofacourse it is easy to.berate the faculty on this sort of thing, and another of Heyns' contribu- tions to University development has been his fundamental faith in faculty involvement in the de- velopment of responses to these issues and his unceasing efforts to make them aware of what is happening and of the responses that must be made. To achieve this he has labored long and hard and successfully to build up lines of communication among the schools ;and colleges and up and down the University hierarchy. The Acedamie Affairs Advisory Council has become a strong, integrated unit of policy- making and implementation with a fairly clear vision of the Uni- versity as a whole and of the place of each component in. the total structure. The importance of such broad and deep channels of communica- tion for bringing about this sort of vision and understanding of the totality cannot be overesti- mated. Individual units become much more acutely aware of their own defects and attributes, of contributions they can make in previously unthought of areas and of benefits they can receive from untapped sources. And it simply makes, further, for much smoother functioning and policy implementation. When those who are to implement the plans and decisions have partici- pated in their formulation, things just naturally run a lot better. ANOTHER LESSON that can be learned from Heyns is the basic importance of teaching excellence in a university. It's so easy in this matter to follow the crowd, to accommodate the pressures, to let good undergraduate teaching slip into second place and to let research or, worse, publishing for publishing's sake o e rwh e m broader considerations of the pur- poses and importance of the Uni- versity. Time after time, Heyns asks deans, department chairmen and other faculty, "What does he teach and how well?" and "How do you know?" Time after time he has found money for educationally exciting enterprises, or just for good teachers. It's amazing, when you think about it, how ridiculous it is to have it any othersway. For if a university cannot set up and live up to standards of ex- cellence in its teaching function, its most basic and traditional pur- pose, what in the world can it be gobd for? It's a simple matter of first things first. Finally, the importance of head- ing an office that is, in a basic sense, just doing a good and thorough job, is another lesson to be learned from Heyns. A well- prepared budget with air-tight supporting arguments is of vital importance to the University in Lansing, and it is just a function of hard work in assembling and integrating data on what is need- ed and for what. A well-oiled research bureau- cracy has also paid many a divi- dend to the University in terms of research dollars, a highly success- ful research program and head- aches saved. What, generally, could make a dean or even a faculty member happier than a bureaucracy that did his paper work for him swift- ly instead of sending him back more and more to do? (We've got a ways to go yet to that utopia, however.) HEYNS HASN'T CUT a spec- tacular figure at the University. Neither has he done what anyone would label an outwardly specta- cular job. But he has left some major new features on the Uni- versity landscape. He has instilled in the University some traditions and methods of operation long lacking. His successor, Allan Smith, has a great deal to work with, and the University is moving like it has never moved before. Opportun- ities are multiplying everywhere., The University has come a long way in the last five years, and it can go several times as far in the next five, given a clear-headed reading of the lessons Heyns has made available to us. Where do we go from here? Wherever we want. * * what's More Vital, Study or Folky Music? 2't i o' ,IlV " s~ C 1965.The U yp~aw To the Editor: LIVING NEAR the west exit of Hill Auditorium, I enjoyed once again Sunday night, as in the past, the plaintive songs of shivering quaddies and frats try- ing to kill time waiting for the box office to open Monday morn- ing. As per usual, the line began to form at noon or so Sunday as the scramble for good block tick- ets began. I thank those involved for their inspiring rendition of "Hey-Lolly-Lolly-Lo" which pro- vided keen competition for my own efforts to recognize the major trends of the election of 1896. Later numbers such as "99 bottles of beer" and other camp favorites detracted little from my equally sincere endeavors to fol- low the development of major cartographic schools of thought. Sadly, however, there is a basic incompatibility between t h e strains of Celito Lindo and my desire for sleep. BY WHAT EDICT is the King- ston Trio more holy than my in- tellectual enlargement and my physical rest? -Lawrence Okrent, '66 Vivian's Record To the Editor: SUNDAY'S FRONT PAGE article on Ann Arbor's freshman Con- gressman, Weston Vivian, was an excellent and detailed analysis of the conscientious and thorough job being done in Washington by our representative there. It was particularly interesting to read that defeated Congress- man Meader's policy of ignoring the home district has been de- cisively reversed as shown by the number of Rep. Vivian's return visits to the 2nd Congressional District; which reporter Mark Kil- lingsworth states is in excess of 33 in just over 8 months in office. It is extremely heartwarming for this student to see a sincere politician who cares enough about students, professors, and other constituents to return frequently to hear their views and to explain to them what is going on in Wash- ington. Progressive students seriously in- terested in social change might also note the article's several ref- erences to the Congressman's im- portant trip to Selma, Alabama, his continued concern with Uni- versity constituents beaten and jailed in the South, and his whole- hearted support' for the Voting Rights Act, Aid to Education Bill, Medicare, and increased efforts to bring federal research and de- velopment contracts to the Uni- versity and the Midwest. FOR YEARS, the progressives on this campus have had the congressional ear closed to them. Now Rep. Vivian offers an effec- tive, open-minded dialogue as well as information and services through his Washington and Ann Arbor offices and his frequent re- turn trips here. Activists who are sincere in their desire for con- structive change should take ad- vantage of opportunities for con- tact with their Representative and should work diligently to see that this man and his ideas continue in a position of influence in Wash- ington. -Christopher Cohen, '67 -- A Childhood Memory--and Reminders of Its Cause By PETER R. SARASOHN I WAS that age when you are about three feet tall and always cute. Jackson Heights, New York, was my home, and my mother and I would travel a lot by subway to visit my grandmother in the Bronx. It was in the late 1940s just after the 1947 Harlem race riots. I was on the subway with my mother. I wouldn't have remem- bered this specific situation at all except she told me about it ten years later. It was early afternoon and the subway wasn't too crowded. We both had seats facing out across the aisle. I used to like this type because we could see all the people going and coming. There wasn't one person in our section of the car that I would miss. It was tremendous fun. I do remember one time, how- ever, that my cousin (he was one year older but a little shorter than I was-so we could be friends She also had a few white ribbons in her hair. I looked over at her with in- terest and suddenly slid off my seat and walked across the aisle to her and continued to look but now more closely. Her mother was looking at me but not her daugh- ter. She just stared at the floor. I stood there for a half minute and then finally she looked up at me and grinned. I figured we were friends for life now. However, it was a quick grin and I don't think anyone saw it except me. I then walked back to my seat. EVERYONE was tense in our section of the car, watching us to see what would happen. This tense feeling was common in the city and had remained so after the riots. People were carefully conscious of what they were say- ing, what they were doing and how and where they were looking. Many felt that hostilities were actually greater at that time than before the riot and that violence The tense feeling disappeared. It's a true story (if you don't be- lieve it, call my mother). THE PROBLEM of people dis- liking others because of their color has been reduced from in the past, but at the same time has been replaced by another problem just as hard to resolve-the prob- lem of liking people because of their color. Many white students with this problem have a rude awakening, eventually, when they discover everything isn't wine and roses. They find that color is actually skin deep and they'd better chose their friends by the quality of their innards and not otherwise. But the sad case is the student coming from a well-restricted background who wants very sin- cerely to climb out of his white- northern-liberal hole. He ap- proaches the Negro as a thing- trying to discover how it ticks. Or else, he tries very hard to become the friend of a Negro and, in fact, often he unfortunately tries too hard. Anyone with minimum sensitiv- ity can feel this and its has a negative effect on a relationship from the start. No one wants to be liked solely because he has sexy legs, wavy hair or freckles. THIS HAS CAUSED a new prej- udice among some Negroes - against any whites who wish to be friendly. Such whites are suspect from the outset, because they seem to wish to be friendly because of color alone. This situa- tion is understandable, yet unfair to both parties. Despite their shortcomings, there is less prejudice among young people today than ever be- fore. Many students at the Uni- versity from places like West- chester, Shaker Heights or Grosse Point wish to realize more than ever the American ideal of re- spectability for the individual. They shouldn't be condemned by anyone concerning their possible ignorance abouthhuman beings. Further, they should never stop trying, for when they do, America will sink. 4' Schutze's Corner:* U' Intrigue EDITOR'S NOTE: James Schutze, a literary college sophomore, is pos- sessed of a rather wicked wit. He claims to have something at which President's suspiciously darkened garage in an Aston-Martin eva- sion vehicle. It stops and the perior a complete set of photos showing President Hatcher in the act of receiving a bribe from rte.