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Seventy-Third Year
EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS
AFTER NEHRU:
Internal Disarray
Challenges India
I F-W; = : - ',WM
"Where Opinions Are Pree STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDC., ANN ARBOR, Micyt., PHONE NO 2-3241
Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This must be noted in at; reprints.
TUESDAY, JUNE 23, 1964 NIGHT EDITOR: LAURENCE KIRSHBAUM
Republican Unconvietion:
Sell-Out of History
UNACCUSTOMED as they are to public
reversals-which is evidently not very
unaccustomed-the Republicans seem
doomed to play out their presidential
nominations farce straight through their
July 13 convention and the November
elections with nary a deviation from its
high-comedy script.
No one, not even Arizona Senator Barry
Goldwater himself, thought that the re-
actionary faction could pull the ultimate
coup in California earlier this month. But
a coup there was, nor would more astute
social scientists say it was all that un-
expected. Victor by a hair was silver-slip-
pery-tongued Goldie, all the while and to
this very day still proclaiming that it
really wasn't true, that he really doesn't
have the nomination in the bag. (The As-
sociated Press now gives him 694 dele-
gate votes, 39 more than he needs for a
first-ballot victory.)
Perhaps in the first few days after the
fateful primary Goldie's modesty was
well-founded. More likely, though, things
were really uncertain for only a few
hours-until even more modest Nelson A.
Rockie decided that he had held his fin-
ger in the dike hole long enough and
abandoned a good three-fourths of Old
Grand Party to death by 'Water.
Did he figure that three-fourths
wasn't such a substantial majority after
all? Did he think he would have less of a
chance of retaining his governorship if
he continued fighting Barry to the end
and lost than if he threw in the towel
after California? Did he really think that
soft Willie Scranton of Pennsylvania or
novice George Romney could stop the
steamroller? Was there NOTHING to be
gained by, keeping up-or beginning anew
-the battle?
WHATEVER THEIR CAMPAIGN and
fund-raising-dinner rhetoric, these
Republicans can hardly be called vigor-
ous and courageous. They do not-if, in-
deed, members of either party ever do--
hold principle above party.
And the silliest of all the ironies is
that by placing .surface party unity and
individual re-election above serving the
vast majority of GOP voters with a sensi-
ble candidate, by waiting until Goldie
had charged to within two inches of
their faces before opening fire with Wil-
lie Scranton, the Republicans are all but
doomed to have one of their most meager
slates of elected officials in history. Who
will elect all those senators, governors
and representatives from a party led by
Barry Goldwater?
Not that Goldie is anything like a
bloodthirsty trooper-to-the-death. He
can't afford half that much courage.
Could he have racked up his potential
convention victory by proclaiming the
principles he really believes? His only
hope for the nomination it seems, and his
only hope in the final race, has been com-
promise, ambiguity and ,retreat. And
-whether, if elected in November, he keeps
retreating for popularity's sake or re-
turns to his lone outpost, the country will
be in a sorry state.
BUT NOT TOO MUCH sorrier than if
one of the other GOP unlikelies got in.
Second only to Rockie, who it seems be-
trayed a moral obligation to continue
fighting, Willie Scranton's behavior is
the classic study in political unconvic-
tion.
His internal dialogue a few weeks ago
as he desperately tried to decide if he was
good enough for the presidency probably
ran something like this:
Editorial Staff
KENNETH WINTER...................... Co-Editor
EDWARD HERSTEIN.................... Co-Editor
MARY LOU BUTCHER.. . . . ........ Associate Editor
CHARLES TOWLE.....................Sports Editor
JEFFREY GOODMAN ...................Night Editor
ROBERT HIPPLER................. .... Night Editor
LAURENCE KIRSHBAUM...............Night Editor
Rusiness Staff
"Hmm, Ike is interested in a stop-
Goldwater movement. Maybe I wouldn't
make such a terrible president after all.
Mainly, there aren't many other choices.
Better have a speech-writer get up some-
thing that'll make the press think I'm
good and hot.
"Oops. The Gettysburg Castle has put
out the no-go flag. Couldn't beat off all
those countryside robbers alone without
help from the feudal Grandaddy. Maybe
I wouldn't make such a hot president
after all.
"Hem. Haw. Um. Ah.
"On millionth thought, maybe it might
be fun. That underling thinks I can
make it. By Abraham, I'll do it. Maybe I
wouldn't make such a terrible president
after all."
MOST LIKELY SCRANTON was inspir-
ed-or re-inspired, or re-re-inspired-
by the rousing verbal cannonade deliv-
ered to a convocation of state governors
a few days before. The barrage came
from none other than G. W. Romney.
Somebody has to stop Barry, he said.
Barry'll ruin us. We've got to muster all
our forces. Who wants to volunteer?
Hem. Haw. Um. Ah.
The only thing that distinguishes the
whole absurd affair from Chamberlain's
impotent appeasement of Hitler is that
the Allied GOP's-even if they should
ever get allied-will lose the war.
But the final joke is always saved for
last. Knowing deep down that the mo-
tions they're going through probably
won't even stop angry television viewers
from complaining to the networks about
a dull coronation in San Francisco, the
Republican kingmakers are already pig-
eonholed into firing their ultimate bomb:
the smokiest black cigars in the smallest
convention rooms, somehow to get Gol-
die to run on a "mainstream" platform.
THUS GOLDIE won't be Goldie and the
issues that really exist will vanish be-
hind a silver cloud of campaign finery.
And of course Goldie, if elected, will
stick to that platform immovably, never
listening to his 19th century conscience,
forgetting all his beliefs, and everything
will be just hunky-dory. After all, presi-
dents are only mouthpieces for platforms
anyway.
And so the Republicans are turning
their leadership as disloyal opposition for
the next four years over to a man few
of them would vote for if there were an-
other choice. You'd think a party that
leans so heavily on history would read
some of it.
-JEFFREY GOODMAN
Sex Surveys
ABOUT A MONTH AGO, Oakland Uni-
versity Chancellor Durward B. Varner
fired the student editor of that school's
campus paper. The editor, Wolf Metzger,
had taken a survey of the sexual activi-
ties of Oakland's resident students and
had ignored Varner's request to suppress
the survey results and even the fact that
the survey had been taken.
The chancellor defended his action by
pointing to the public-relations disaster
the publication of the results would have
precipitated. "If the phony results were
tabulated, it would be damaging to the
character of every girl on the campus."
Some observers suggested that Varner 's
fears were groundless and that with an
exaggerated concern for public relations,
the chancellor had "pushed the panic
button." But Varner dismissed such as-
sertions. After all, who should be in a
better position to predict public reaction
than a mature, experienced, responsible
administrator?
ABOUT THREE WEEKS AGO, the stu-
dent editors of the Collegiate, the
Grand Rapids Junior College campus
paper, also took a survey-a survey which
nn a a-atlnt nv P hl eiaatino- seal-
Editor's Note The following is
the first of two articles analyzing
the political situation in India f l-
lowing the death of the late Prime
Minister Jawaharlal Nehru.
V. A. Pal Panandiker, a research
assistant at the institute of Public
Administration during 1960-62, earn-
ed a master's degree in public ad-
ministration in 1961 and his doc-
torate in 1962. He also served as
president of the Indian Student As-
sociation during 1960-61.
By V. A. PAI PANANDIKER
Daily Guest Writer
O CA-With the death of Prime
.)Minister Nehru, as President
Radhakrishnan has remarked, an
epoch has come to an end. For
nearly half a century the Mahat-
ma and this "Jewel of India" be-
tween them provided the virtually
unquestioned leadership to the
Indian nation.
Nehru was really more than an
epoch; he was a phenomenon.
That he was the Prime Minister
of India was merely incidental
for the power he wielded over the
nation outstrippedalldthe power
that any other ruler of India has
had or is likely to wield.
But while the prime minister's
death was a calamity, it was an
inevitable calamity. In fact those
who were knowledgeable about
the true state of Nehru's health
have been fully aware ever since
his illness in 1960 that he was
holding to it by a thin edge. And
ever since Bhuvaneshwar the
crisis of national leadership was
expected any moment. Perhaps it
came only a little too early on
May 27, 1964.
Now that the moments of na-
tional grief have been replaced by
sober thoughts all the questions
about the fate of the country after
Mr. Nehru have come back with
a vengeance. And these questions
look menacingly real and frighten-
ing both in the international and
national spheres.
ABOVE ALL was the tremen-
dous international stature of
Prime Minister Nehru partly aris-
ing out of the near-absolute
authority he wielded over the In-
dian nation, partly because of
the factth thhefheld the reins
of this country far longer than
the head of any powerful country
in the world.
In other words Prime Minister
Nehru as an international force
had to be reckoned with in the
settlement of every major inter-
national issue. This also gave the
prime minister a relatively easier
time in handling issues affecting
India. In this entire process, how-
ever, he began to exert his in-
fluence in far greater proportion
than warranted by India's inter-
nal strength.
The implications of this phe-
nomenon for his successor, Lal
Bahadur Shastri, are quite clear.
Not only will he suffer by com-
parison with Mr. Nehru but he will
also lack the various powerful
forces supporting Mr. Nehru. For
one thing the successor is not
likely to obtain the massive popu-
lar support that Mr. Nehru
enjoyed; he may not even enjoy
the strong support of the Congress
Party; and finally, being a novice
his international stature will be
necessarily small.
IN REAL TERMS the lesser in-
ternational status of the new
prime minister will mean that the
status of the country will also be
cut down to its size. The influence
India will henceforth wield will
be more closer to its internal eco-
nomic and military strength. This
necessarily implies that India's
Sposition on international issues
affecting it such as Kashmir will
be weaker.
But essentially, India's real
problems will be at home because
in the ultimate analysis a coun-
try's strength comes from its in-
ternal conditions. At the moment
India's internal conditions are in
a disarray. Communal disharmony,
low rate of economic growth and
an unsettled Kashmir issue are
sapping the nation's vitality.
In the result, a certain amount
of confusion in India's economic
and political affairs appears in-
evitable and imminent.
IN RETROSPECT Nehru was at
once India's strength as well as
weakness. So long as he lived that
nation enjoyed an international
status and influence far beyond
what its internal resources com-
manded. To that extent Mr. Nehru
was India's tower of power.
But a nation which is so de-
pendent upon an individual, how-
soever great he may be, faces, upon
his loss, a national crisis far
greater than merely governmental.
Such indeed has been India's
greatest weakness. As great a pol-
icy maker and statesman as Nehru
was, his skills as a leader and ad-
ministrator are far lessened by
the fact that after his departure
the nation cannot rest assured
either of a set of able successors
or of the governmental machinery.
In prospect India today is much
better psychologically prepared for
this crisis than ever. The Congress
Party has had enough time to
reconcile itself with this situation.
The moderates in Congress led
by Mr. Shastri and Mrs. Indira
Gandhi are still in substantive
control of the Party. International
opinion, especially of the two
major powers, is largely favour-
able to India.
It is true that there will not be
another Jawaharlal Nehru for
several years to come. But one
may ask whether one is needed.
Mr. Nehru was a product of a mas-
sive societal crisis in India; he
was an epoch-maker. The epoch is
made; what is needed now is a
set of men and women to trans-
late it in terms of programs for
the betterment of the nation. In-
dia's crisis is real but if she can-
not face it today she never will.
TOMORROW: Prospects for
the Shastri government
'' GUAK VMM ,A15 -98DT, fVT
f T' O OT R 5)tUAL OOST" '
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR:
Oakland Story Facts Called 'Inaccurate'
To the Editor:
I WRITE this letter in unsolicited
behalf of my good friend, Loren
B. Pope. On Oct. 1, 1963, Mr.
Pope left the employ of Oakland
University, where he had served
as assistant to the chancellor.
Three weeks after, he took a posi-
tion with the Educational Re-
search Council of Greater Cleve-
land. To the best of my knowledge,
he has not returned to Rochester
or the Oakland area since. He
has been in communication with
neither the chancellor nor any
other official of the university,
and in very sporadic communica-
tion with a very few students.
However, on May 5, The Daily
carried two statements credited
to Mr. Pope which he could not
have authored. The statements
were embedded in a story about
the firing of Oakland Observer
Editor, Wolf Metzger, by Chan-
cellor Varner. Mr. Pope was
quoted as having said: "Basically,
the reason for the action was that
Varner panicked." Any statement
of what "basically" occurred
could only be made by someone
who was at Oakland at the time
of the incident. Therefore, I sug-
gest that the author of the story
check his notes and discover what
Mr. Pope really said, since I am
convinced that he would never
have pretended himself an expert
on a situation from which he was
so distant.
IN AN INDIRECT quote later
in the same story, Mr. Pope is
credited with having asserted that
Oakland's enrollment is'declining.
The facts are that since 1959, our
enrollment has increased from 570
/to 1498, with a steady annual in-
crement of over 200 students. Why
should he tell The Daily that en-
rollment is declining, when he
knows better?
Again, I ask that the story's
author check his notes, for the
statements attributed to Mr. Pope,
which are, respectively, specious
and inaccurate, are a mark against
Mr. Pope.
--Daniel Polsby
Oakland University
Rochester, Mich.
Interviewed in Cleveland two
weeks ago, Pope acknowledged the
accuracy of The Daily's story and
of the remarks attributed to him.
The one mistake in the story-for,
which we apologize to him-was in
calling Pope a former education
writer for the New York Times. His
position with the Times was educa-
tion editor.
--K. Winter
Civil Rights
To the Editor:
ISSISSIPPI IS preparing for
a summer invasion of college-
age civil rights workers-and not
by stock piling "mint julep mak-
ins." This army will face well
trained and equipped local police
forces and a battery of recently
passed state laws designed to dis-
courage assembly for almost any-
thing except church picnics. This
invasion, we feel, is an unfortun-
ately necessary thing.
It has been firmly documented
that the deep South's conser-
vative white power structure is
moved only by direct action. Like-
wise, the great mass of white
"moderates" acts positively only
when faced with well organized
pressure. Hence, there is real need
for the temporary leadership and
aid that sensible college students
can give,
But although their work may
help secure some of the more basic
civil rights for Negroes, temporary
workers do little toward actually
solving the area's racial problems.
Consequently, we also hope that
following this summer of our
idealism, this army will be fol-
lowed by a force dedicated to the
long task of remolding a way of
life. This force must consist of
people who will live and work in
the state, and who will not slip
into the easy hypocrisy which
characterizes 99 per cent of the
newcomers.
There is no place in Mississippi
for missionaries. There is a place
for Americans who simply want
to help other Americans, not just
Negroes. The ability to be tolerant
of intolerance and yet retain one's
sense of purpose is perhaps the
key to effectiveness in this work.
THERE ARE PLENTY of inhs in
Mississippi for educated people; to settle an
the lack of personnel to fill them you Ann Ar
is one of the state's major prob- we extend#
lems.
Never has there been a better yourself un
opportunity for progressive forces Mions.
from outside to become effectively -Robert Fa
established. -Rima Nic
We invite this summer's forces Leland. M
'THOMASINA'
Disney Paints
As One Big Can,
d stay awhile. And to
bor armchair idealists
the invitation to test
der battlefield condi-
rmer, NR '53, '58, '61
kell Farmer, '57
ississippi
Life
dy Bar
At the Michigan Theatre
WALT DISNEY is a lie.
With "The Three Lives of Thomasina" he has again dipped into
that cauldron of common goo he uses to disguise his adventures in
the world of business as adventures in the world of child enlighten-
ment. ,
From the physical presence of Disneyland to the visual and
aural presence of "Fantasia," "Snow White" and the sundry other
eye-appealing cartoons, true-life adventures, fact-turned-to-legend
comedy-dramas, Disney and his cohorts have been palming off on
the parents of the world for a generation a false, pretetious candy
bar that drips in sucrose and tears.
* * *
HE LAYS OUT the facts of life before children as though they
are all part of a game-consisting of laughter interspersed with tears,
with the mental processes held down to the lowest common demon-
inator and the so-called spiritual ones pushed up into a heaven-sent
gold-spangled goodness that all people instinctively possess, except,
of course, the cold, black villain.
This is how the ages have always held the common man in
subjugation and Disney has dared not to be different.
In "Thomasina," Disney uses every ploy used in previous stories,
to the detriment of the sane and to the glee of unwary children and
ignorant parents. Children bound throughout the film with cute, clear
faces; cute, clear lines meant to be funny; cute, troubled parents
meant to be straightened out in the course of events and, naturally,
cute, constant pets.
DISNEY BOWS DOWN, once in a while, to the fact that death
must come, but happiness can't be far behind. Goodness counts all
badness eventually falls, and the "happily ever after" theme is quick
on the characters' heels.
Beyond this, "Thomasina" suffers from several technical faults.
The sound stage was left only briefly to make certain scenes not
otherwise possible indoors. An artificial flavor is thus endgendere6.
beyond what faults have been made by the scriptwriter, the director
and other "talents" involved in the production.
--Michael Juliar
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