Sixty-Ninth Year
EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
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'
Internationad
Students
en Opinions Are Free
Trutb Will Prevail"
NIIIIIIIAMIAQ fs"ll PiflopQ
?iorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.
)AY, NOVEMBER 23, 1958
NIGHT EDITOR: SUSAN HOLTZER
State's Financial Wounds
Force University To Limp
By SELMA SAWAYA
Daily Staff Writer
P ROBABLY the most import-
ant place on campus to nearly
1500 University students is the In-
ternational Center. located be-
tween West Quadrangle and the
Union.
The international students who
comprise this large part of the
University come from 80 differ-
ent "political entities:" the exact
.number of students is 1.456, wIth
136 visiting scholars and other ex-
change visitors. Last spring, the
total enrollment was very simi-
lar: 1.522, of whom 1,427 were
students, and the others exchange
visitors.
The number of students en-
rolled in the University from the
Far East and South-East Asia has
decreased from last year; this fall
the records show 592 students
from this area, while there were
625 on campus during the past
spring semester.>
HE FULL IMPACT of the state's financial
woes struck the local educational commu-
y Thursday with the news that the Univer-
y may have to go into debt to meet its De-
nber payroll.
The state, which has been paying off its bills
fund-starved agencies which cannot bor-
v, has been neglecting its monthly Install-
mnts not only to the University, but to Michi-
-n State and Wayne State as well.
MSU finally decided Thursday that it could
longer go on without more funds and au-
>rized borrowing of nearly one million dollars
meet its month-end payroll. Wayne State,
:ause it receives one-third of its operating
nds from the Detroit Board of Education, is
t in as serious a predicament.I
How much longer the University can hold on
nains to be seen. But if the state does not
ickly catch up on its back payments (it al-
idy owes five million dollars, going on seven
d one-half), indications are that the Uni-
'sity will be forced to borrow.
CERTAINLY the situation is a mess and Is a
poor footnote to the state's financial crisis.
It is unfortunate but probably necessary that
the state has chosen to slight the larger insti-
tutions temporarily, while trying to pay off Aits
other debts.
When and how will the situation be eased?
One hopeful sign is that money will come in the
form of student fees next semester. But this will
provide only temporary relief, since the fees
would soon be almost spent, as they have this
semester.
The ultimate and practical solution exists in
a revision of the state's garbled tax program,
which might be forthcoming in the next legis-
lative session. The lawmakers have a gigantic
problem. They must pay off some 65 million dol-
lars in debts and the best way of doing this
may lie in some sort of combined business and
personal income tax.
Until the state finds the revenue, the Uni-
versity may just have to limp along and like it.
-THOMAS HAYDEN
-Daily--William Kimba ll
INTEGRATION AND FINANCES:
Problems Face Foreign Students
Social ..
International Week Misses Aim
[P UNIVERSITY'S second annual Interna-
lional Week ended with a gala world's fair
he Union yesterday.
Iscussing the purpose of the project, jointly
nsored by several campus organizations, Bob
ove, ISA's first "native" vice-president, said
a means to understanding between foreign
American students.
e also called the week-long program an il-
ration of "the possibility of dynamic ex-
:ige of values on an international basis" and
result of "a growing interest in a growing
ign student program,"
IANTED, the program has created much
interest in the University's program for its
rnational students.
ue to an extensive publicity campaign and
name" performers as drawing cards, the
k's festivities have been made known to ev-
ne on campus who reads newspapers, looks
osters or listens to the radio.
ow that the activities of the week have
ed, a retrospective appraisal brings up an
resting question. Beneath all the gloss and
busiastic plans for the International Week,
what happened to its original purpose-promo-
tion of international understanding?
Commendable as the basic idea was, only a
few students, unfortunately, were able to take
advantage of the chance to meet foreign stu-
dents personally. Only these few people real-
ized the true significance of International
Week.
Tl;e idea of an all-campus International
Week to promote mutual understanding be-
tween University students representing some 81
countries of the world is good.
BUT THE PERSONAL aspect of the project
was lacking. Broad, general views of the
world situation were covered well by the speak-
ers; differing cultures will be displayed at the
fair and the Monte Carlo Ball provided an ex-
perience in international social integration.
Ostensibly the week has been a great success,
but actually it has failed to fulfill its original
purpose-mutual understanding between indi-
vidual students.
A lot has been said about, but not enough
heard from foreign students this week.
-JEAN HARTWIG
By JEAN HARTWIG
Daily Staff Writer
PROMOTING social integration
between foreign and American
students is one of the Internation-
al Students' Association's most
important and challenging duties.
Although many of the 1600 in-
ternational students at the Uni-
versity are in graduate school and
concerned with serious academic
study, most of them do want to
mix socially with Americans, ac-
cording to Puthigai Krishnamur-
thy, Grad., president of the In-
ternational Students Associataion.
To give foreign and American
students an opportunity to meet
and become acquainted, the ISA
has, besides its usual Thursday
afternoon teas, a special social
function once a month to which
all its members are invited.
The evenings, usually developed
around the culture of a certain
country, feature dancing, refresh-
ments and a floorshow depicting
native songs and dances.
"These affairs are 'stag or
drag'," Krishnamurthy said, "but
most of the people that come don't
bring dates and there are always
more boys than girls."
EXPLAINING why such a "big
chunk" of foreign students don't
date at the University, he said
that many of them aren't in an
"atmosphere" conducive to such
an activity.
Many students, especially those
from Oriental countries, are not
used to the American social cus-
toms and feel inferior and inse-
cure in situations requiring social
grace.
Language is also a barrier to
effective social integration when
the foreign student first arrives
in this country, but "usually
doesn't apply after his first se-
mester here," according to Krish-
namurthy.
"The majority of house moth-
ers and girls do look down on
girls who date foreign students,"
he commented when asked about
the instance two years ago of the
University housemother who cited
a woman dating a foreign stu-
dent as "hard up for a date."
BLIND DATING plans are a
help in alleviating the dating
problem, but sometimes are diffi-
cult to arrange because of the rep-
utations acquired by foreign stu-
dents who have the wrong ideas
about America's so-called "liber-
al" dating customs.
One petite, dark-haired student
from Cuba, where a chaperone is
present at every date, has devel-
oped a regular "line" which she
recites at the beginning of each
date. A.fter preliminary discus-
sions of the weather and other
trivia, she bluntly says that in
Cuba girls never kiss boys good
night and she has no intention of
breaking the custom while she
is in this country.
She finds this technique very
effective in developing a mutual
understanding.
Not all sight-unseen interna-
tional dating is successful, how-
ever, as was demonstrated by a
recent experience of a picnic ar-
ranged by the International Cen-
ter in conjunction with another
campus organization.
Plans called for the I8A to
round up 45 boys and the other
group a like number of girls for
an excursion to a campsite out-
side Ann Arbor,
"When we found out 45 girls
had signed up,we had to aoout
and get 45 boys, but we finally
managed to sign them up," Krish-
namurthy said. "When only three
girls showed up for the actual
event, it put a complete damper
on the boys' spirits."
Economc...
By KATHLEEN MOORE
Daily Staff Writer
rpHE INTERNATIONAL student
attending the University has a
relatively much larger financial
burden than the American stu-
dent on campus, as' both James M.
Davis, director of the International
Center, and P. Krishnamurthy,
president of the International
Students'Association, pointed out
recently.
Davis emphasized that the
United States has a higher cost
of living index than nearly any
other country in the world, with
the exception of Caracas, and the
Ann Arbor index is one of the
highest in the country.
The problem is further compli-
cated by the fact that the student
must pay for his University edu-
cation in dollars, with the ex-
change rate, although varying
from country to country, essen-
tially unfavorable to the average
citizen.
Currency exchange rates arg
strictly controlled by most coun-
tries. Some offer special rates to
the student, but even these fall
short of an equal exchange, in
terms of what money will buy, of
native currency for American dol-
lars, which seem to° be at a pre-
mium in every nation in the
world.
THE EXCHANGE rate also tends
to have a controlling effect on the
number of students coming from
each country. It is not stable, but
"varies with local conditions," Da-
vis explained, so that a "country
who finds its dollar supply run-
ning low will tighten up on its stu-
dents," enabling less to come to
the United States for university
work.
Despite the high cost of a Uni-
versity education for international
students, most are financed by
their parents, as are the majority
of American students.
But there are a number of ways
in which a student may pay for
his education. Approximately 200
of the 1600 international students,
from 24 or 25 different countries,
are sponsored by programs of their
own governments this year, Davis
said.
The United States government
grants, totalling a little over 100
this year, are given on a basis
of rigorous competition or "by vir-
tue of a position pin which the
student's training abroad would
'be helpful," Davis commented. One
of the outstanding examples of
the latter is the large number of
students on public health grants.
University grants, Davis con-
tinued, are relatively few, arid the
ones that amount to anything are
usually research grants.
Exchange programs are rare,
but a few exist.
SOME STUDENTS, although
"percentage-wise they do not count
up very fast" according to Davis,
supplement their financial re-
sources by obtaining part-time
jobs.-
Davis, while saying that he saw
no signs of discrimination by em-
ployers, narrowed job ,opportuni-
ties to two areas: waiters at the
Union and the League, and re-
search assistants in University de-
partments.
Krishnamurthy, on the other
hand, sees definite evidence of dis-
crimination, not in the University,,
but in the city. He described an in-
cident last fall in which an em-
ployer advertised for employees,
with'the connotation, "white only
need apply."
Although he did not venture to
Interpret the incident, he said in-
ternational students who find jobs
in Ann Arbor are probably hired
for two reasons: there may be a
shortage of labor or employers may
feel they can pay the students
lower salaries.
lU 4 1tilG>"! a s ".
FROM the region of Africa
designated as "other than North"
by the Center, 18 students have
enrolled in the University this
fall, as compared with 25 frot
this area last spring.
Another decrease is noted in
the number of students enrolled
from the European countries,
which Includes permanent resi-
dents from Eastern Europe -- i.e.,
communist-dominated countries.
The total enrollment from this
region is 198 this year, and it was
249 last spring, Similarly, in the
Australia-New Zealand group, the
enrollment has decreased this
year by one - from four last year
to three this fall.
TO COUNTERBALANCE these
decreases, however, the Latin
American and Caribbean area
countries have increased their en-
rollment by 20 - from 218 to 238.
The Near East and North Africa
have also upped the number of
student representatives from
those countries by 24. last year's
enrollment being 196.
Our northern neighbor, Canada,
has the largest single enrollment
of any country (188); India has
the second largest group (178),
while Tanganyika, Surinam, Tu-
nisia, Rhodesia, Singapore, New
Zealand, Dominican Republic,
Haiti, Iceland and the Bahamas
each claim only one student en-
rolled in the University this fall.
IN TUNISIA:
Students'
Form Union
(EDITOR'S NOTE: The following
look at student government in an-
other country was submitted by Ah-
med Beikhoda,. wi is attending the
University through the Foreign Stu-
dent Leadership Project, sponsore by
the National Students Association)
By AHMED BELKHODJA
ONE OF THE major movements
in Tunisia today is the Gener-
al Union of Tunisian Students
"UGET" It was created clandes-
tinely at Tunis in the midst of the
national struggle of the Tunisian
people, Its statutes were drawn up
at its first National Congress held
in Pais during July 1953. From
the outset, the UGET declared its
resolution to procure the best pos-
sible living and studying condi-
tions for Tunisian students par
tl~ul"rlyby' Isuring :their phyi.
cal, moral and intellectual we
fare, and by guaranteeing them
the right to education,
The UGET is directed by an Ad-
ministrative committee of 24
,nembers, which elects a Secretary
General and an Executive commit-
tee. The organization is based on
sections: every educational estab-
ishment has its section and sev-.
eral sections together form a Fed-
eration.
The UGET today includes 38
sections and. three Federations,
Federation of Tunis, Federation
of France and Federation of the
East.
The activities of the UGET are
many and varied. Internally, apart
from its occupations as a profes-
sional movement, it is intensely
active in the cultural field; it
plays the greatest part in youth
activities. Internationally speak-
ing, the UGET has, constantly had
friendly contacts and cooperations
with a large number of student
unions. itI sa nmember of the in-
ternational Conference of Stu-
dents (ICS-COSEC) and is af-
filiated with the rank of assocat-
ed member, with the International
Union of Students.
HAVING THUS established it-
self internally and externally, the
UGET started since 1956 to work"
toward the unity of the three stu-
dent movements in North Africa;
the Algerian Students Union and
the Moroccan. This preparation
toward a North African Federa-
tion is undoubtedly inspired by
the common struggles of fhe three
brother countries throughout the
French occupation. Students,
therefore, being in some sense the
leaders of the vast population
through their organizations can
plan ahead whatever they think
to bethe best solution of their
country's problems, Thus, even
before Tangiers' C o n f e re nece,
where the heads of the three poli-
tical movements met in 1957 to
plan a framework toward a North
African Conferedation on the po-
litical level; the students by their
influence and power achieved
their goal last August in a Con-
gress held in Tunis. The North
Afrcian Confederation of Students
is today a reality. It is formed by
10 executive members of each one
of the three national movements'
OFFEE... . BLACK
By Richard Taub
Independence
THOSE WHO haven't noticed it before,
e University is a pretty paternalistic place.
are all kinds of people scattered through-
e campus whose job is to look out for the
its welfare-in some instances whether
udent likes it or not.
re are professors who take attendance
g sure that students attend their classes
or four times a week, whether the classes
>rth attending or not. There are even pro-
s who give quizzes to make sure the stu-
keep up,
University also has a large and elaborate
eling system which it is continuously re-
ting. In one area, academic, freshmen,
mores, juniors and seniors all have to
their proposed academic schedules ap-
J by counsellors.
independent fraternity and sorority sys-
are supervised by representatives from
ean of Men's and Dean of Women's of-
and students in the dormitories have
.ate" supervision,
ENTS OF freshman girls even get letters
ling how well their daughters are doing.
men and women's residence halls keep
is on their residents, keeping track of
adjustment, personality, and general be-
submit that all of this should not be; that
its come here because they wish a col-
lucation (or perhaps a spouse), and that
hould be responsible for getting it; that
mly way students are going to grow or
v, is to learn how to go it alone; that
dents flunk out of school because they
> attend classes or read assignments it
r own fault; that if an upper classman is
>le to work out his own schedule satis-
ly he should not be here; that a student's
ality is nobody's business but the stu-
as long as it does not inconvenience the
people with whom he lives; that even if
:ormitory a girl insists on playing the
f Spring on her new high fidelity set
stereophonic sound top volume, this is
he business of her neighbors who ought
able to control it anyway.
; writer does not object to counselling
But this is a university, not a child care
The aspects of the problem are many,
is article will only deal with the academic
k future one will deal with living patterns.
that time is not far off when they will have
nobody around to tell them what to do. Be-
cause most counsellors are pretty non-directive
students get angry with them, but actually these
are the counsellors who are doing the students
the greatest service.
Students frequently want too much from
their counsellors.
Many counsellors find that their first job is
to make sure that the student has read the
Bulletin. In fact, because of past experience
some even make it a practice to hand the book
to an incoming student and make him go out
and read it usually for the first time,
(OUNSELLORS ARE frequently not in a posi-
tion to recommend courses or to know much
about their content-the bulletin here isn't
much of a help either. But there is little to
prevent students from going to ask different
teachers about their own courses.
However, there is one way in which the'
counselling offices are too restrictive-and that
is on their insistence that all election cards be
stamped by someone in their offices. Admittedly
this is a good idea for freshmen who have been
thrown into entirely new surroundings.
But we fail to understand the value of a
concept for upperclassmen which forcesthem
to be counseled whether they want to or not,
If a student is not sure about what he should
do, it's a good idea for him to see a counsellor.
But if a junior or senior knows what to do,
there is no reason for him to have to see a
counsellor. If he elects the wrong courses, it is
his own fault and he can attend summer school
or go to school an extra semester. This should
not be the University's concern.
And just walking into a counsellor's office
to get a rubber stamp, cannot serve to height-
en respect for counsellors or the University.
THE IDEA OF TAKING attendance in class
or giving quizzes to make sure that students
keep up is equally prepostorous. If a student
doesn't attend class or doesn't keep up, it is
his own responsibility and nobody else's. After
all he has come here for his education and if
he doesn't get it it is his tough luck. Frequently,
it might be added, it is to the student's ad-
vantage not to attend classes regularly. In-
dependent research, or the pursuit of some
special problem in another course may make
It educationally worth while to slack off in one
area to compensate for the other.
-Daily-Peter Anderson
AT THE FAIR-Students gathered to see the displays at yesterday's
World Fair. The displays were set up by the different nationality,
clubs, with the students decorating their booths with articles from
their own countries. The fair was the final event of International
Week.
CLOSER TO CURRENT
ISSUES:
Foreign Students Exhibit Deep Political Awareness
By CHARLES STEGMEIR
Daily Staff Writer
'WHEN POLITICS come up for discussion on the campus, it isn't
surprising to se a large number of interested foreign students tak-
ing part.
Some times the foreign students are the only ones who seem vitally
concerned with this important area of human responsibility. This was
pretty clearly shown on Oct. 31 at Hyde Park--U of M when politics-
national and international-were edged out by other topics such as bo-
hemianism and university regulations in talks given by American stu-
dents.
For foreign students, however, political topics were great topics
of interest, with Arab, Indian, and Israeli students all voicing their
opinions.
* * *
THIS WOULD SEEM to indicate that, although American students
here may be more politically aware than indicated in discussions and
attendance at political functions, their interest does not run as deep as
that displayed by most foreign students.
P. Krishnamurthy, Grad., president of the International Students,
Association, declared in a recent interview, that the intense political
interest of students from middle and far eastern Asia is due to the cur-
rent or recent struggles in most of the nations of this area to achieve
and maintain independence. He suggested that the great political aware-
ally foreign students take a hands off attitude toward politics because
of disgust with politicians in their native land, or because of terrible ex-
periences that have resulted from political activity.
A Hungarian student on campus expressed this feeling when he
explained that politicians had ruined his country and that their actions
had meant nothing but unhappiness for him.
However, since the great majority of foreign students do feel so
deeply about the importance of political awareness, the campus benefits
from the political knowledge they spread through class contributions
and conversations.
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