4 - The Michigan Daily - Tuesday, November 7, 1995
ahIc Eiw n &tgi rIg
JEAN TWENGE
THE ERASABLE PEN
420 Maynard
Ann Arbor, MI
Street
48109
1 .1
Edited and managed by
students at the
University of Michigan
MICHAEL ROSENBERG
Editor in chief
JULIE BECKER
JAMES M. NASH
Editorial Page Editors
A heros dilemma: Fezding the
balance between fami', career
Unless otherwise noted, unsigned editorials reflect the opinion ofa majority of the Dail Vs editorial board. All
other articles, letters and cartoons do not necessarily reflect the opinion of The Michigan Daily.
One stre fow1ard
Latest Code draft has its strong, weak points
T he fourth draft of the Code of Student
Conduct submitted by Vice President
for Student Affairs Maureen A. Hartford is
bittersweet at best. Many glaring problems
from the previous drafts remain. At the same
time, substantial improvements in some ar-
eas of language and treatment of violations
signify movement in the right direction.
The first set of improvements comes in
the section on violations. Violation K, which
previously penalized students if they refused
to identify themselves to a University offi-
cial, has been altered to remove the identifi-
cation clause due to its glaring contradiction
with constitutional rights. There are times
when it is not in students' best interest to
identify themselves to authority figures, such
as during a protest or a gathering.
Violation I, a policy on the disruption or
obstructing of classes, has been modified to
protect "behavior protected by the
University's policy on Freedom of Speech
and Artistic Freedom." While the language
of what constitutes a violation is still inher-
ently vague, the protections narrow the of-
fense and remove the possibility of students
being punished for displaying their views in
the classroom.
Further, Violation C has been altered so
that the term "threatening" is no longer
grounds to press charges under the Code.
Previously, the term had been grouped with
"hazing, stalking, or harassing" - effec-
tively punishing words on an equal plane
with actions. Violation N, which in earlier
drafts extended the code to violations of all
other University policies, now applies spe-
cifically to computing behavior - an impor-
tant narrowing of scope.
The legal procedures of the Code are still
far from just, and they do not guarantee legal
protections of students. However, there are
significant moves on the part of administra-
tors that hint at a more just process. For the
first time, both sides in a hearing may obtain
records of proceedings prior to arbitration,
along with facts and records of the case
compiled by the resolution coordinator. At
the same time, information may be withheld
if the University deems it "private informa-
tion" dealing with individuals not directly
related to the process. Unfortunately, this
can inhibit a student's ability to properly
cross-examine witnesses. While the opening
of pre-hearing records to both parties is a
good beginning, the University's power to
withhold information lends question as to
whether this change is merely cosmetic.
The problem of lacking legal representa-
tion has been alleviated somewhat in the new
draft, which permits students to have an
adviser present with them in all proceedings.
This does not mean a student may be repre-
sented by an attorney, however, and it is not
clear how extensive a role the legal adviser
can play. While this change still leaves an
inequitable power balance with the Univer-
sity, previous codes had not allowed the
presence ofan attorney or adviser prior to the
actual hearing, forcing students to stand alone
while being grilled by the process.
The Code in its current form remains
unacceptable, as it still oversteps the man-
date established by federal and state laws for
a policy on student conduct. The changes
point to at least a grudging willingness on
Hartford's part to correct some of the Code's
oversights. Because so many problems re-
main, Hartford must - before the Code goes
to the regents next week - implement fur-
ther changes that continue what is in some
ways a positive trend in rewriting the Code.
The session was held at 2 o'clock on a
Sunday afternoon in a cubbyhole of a
hotel ballroom at the American Psychologi-
cal Association (APA) conference. It was
called "Eminent Women in Psychology." I
went there in search of heroes.
Hearing the four women speak, I knew I
had found them. I also knew I was more
confused than ever about the question that
haunts many young women: How can we
balance professional success with a fulfill-
ing family life?
The women who spoke on the panel -
Sandra Bem, Brenna Bry, Dorothy Cantor
and Alberta Gilinsky - had all managed
this balance amazingly well. Each was enor-
mously successful in her field, and each had
two or more children. Yet their route to
success was very different from the path
taken by most of today's young women:
Instead of putting offchildbearing until after
they had established their careers, all four of
these women married before turning 25 and
had their children before turning 30.
Dorothy Cantor is the president-elect of
the American Psychological Association,
one of the highest professional honors a
psychologist can achieve. However, she be-
gan her professional life as an elementary
schoolteacher during the late 1950s. (As she
put it, "Secretary, teacher and nurse were the
only professions open to women; if you
went to college, you didn't become a secre-
tary, and if you were Jewish you didn't
become a nurse.") She married at 20 and quit
teaching two years later when she gave birth
to her first child. She had another child three
years later. Nineteen years after she gradu-
ated from college, she earned her doctorate
in psychology. By the time she was spending
long hours at the office, she said, her chil-
dren were already in high school.
Cantor is a firm believer in women's
worth and freedom, yet also favors the pat-
tern of "sequencing" that characterized her
own life. "Women can do it all," she said.
"but not at the same time."
Alberta Gilinsky, an established author-
ity in visual perception and cognitive psy-
chology, came from another generation of
women who had their own ways of doing
things. In 1934 at the age of 16, Gilinsky left
home to begin college at Smith. She fell in
love with a farmer and married him a few
months later. At the time, married girls were
not allowed to attend Smith; the faculty met
and decided Alberta could continue her edu-
cation as long as she 1) lived with a house-
mother, and 2) didn't talk to the other girls
about sex. (!)
This was fine with Alberta, who found
living with a housemother "very conducive
to studying." She soon divorced the farmer
and married again in 1943. Her husband was
in the military, so she turned down a teach-
ing position at Columbia so she could move
to be with him. In return she received an
angry letter from the head of the psychology
department, threatening to kick her out of
APA for turning down a position for per-
sonal reasons. Later, Gilinsky and several
other women brought a successful class-
action lawsuit against Columbia.
The stories of the women on the panel
were encouraging and enlightening for many
reasons: Their unflagging determination,
their conviction to succeed in a climate hos-
tile to women and their choices to combine
career and family are all heartening mes-
sages. Yet I wonder if I could lead the lives
they did, marrying young, having children
young and only then going on to pursue a
career.
It's a possible solution to the problems
and choices young women Mace today. Yet it
has many problems which don't make it
viable. The average age of marriage will
probably continue to rise for both men and
women: I find it doubtful that we will ever
return to the 1950s norm of women marry-
ing at 20 or 21. "Sequencing" also requires
that someone (presumably the husband)work
full-time to support the family; this is not
only economically unfeasible for the major-
ity of American families, but it leaves us
back where we began in this long, hard fight:
at home while the men go to work and miss
their children's growth.
The 1 990s solution is to put off
childbearing until you're in your mid-30s.
This doesn't work very well either, because
at the very time you should be building your
career, you find yourself with primary re-
sponsibility for a child.
This is where both models fall apart:
They leave the father out of the picture. Ifwe
are ever going to find a viable solution for
balancing our lives, men must fully partici-
pate as they never have before-taking time
off, arranging their schedules around the
children as women have done for decades.
Having both partners equally responsible
for children and for making money is the
only solution.
The women on the APA panel are my
heroes both for the professional battles they
fought and for the choices they made to
achieve all of the joys in life. People who
manage this delicate balance - both men
and women - are the true heroes.
- Jean lTen ge can /e reached over e-
mail atljeant 'ajum ch.edu.
MATT WIMSATT
MOOKMi'S DILEMMA
N
NOTABLE QUOTABLE
'All is not fair in
love and war.'
- Univerlsiy Law School
Prof/ Cutharine
MacKinnon, speaking
Saturday on Serb sol-
diers rape of Croatian
and Muslim women
This gasp's for you
High court should limit tobacco advertising
/72ZIV C Sm -/LI
Lr;- - [ @ 0 Y
11995
T he U.S. Supreme Court agreed recently
to review Rhode Island's ban on liquor-
price advertising. The court's decision in this
case, expected next July, could set a prece-
dent for later rulings on tobacco marketing.
Overturning the ban would set back Presi-
dent Clinton and the Food and Drug
Administration's proposal to increase gov-
ernment authority over tobacco product ad-
vertising.
Clinton's plan is designed to ban tobacco
advertising that specifically targets youth.
The proposal would prohibit cigarette adver-
tisements within 1,000 feet of schools and
playgrounds. It also would limit the use of
pictures and colors in advertisements and
ban tobacco billboards at sporting events.
The proposal stands up to influential, pow-
erful tobacco companies like R.J. Reynolds,
which often give substantial financial sup-
port to candidates for federal office. By tar-
geting ads that are designed to impress young
people - such .as the friendly cartoon ani-
mals that have become the icon of some
cigarette brands - the government is at-
tempting to stop the tobacco industry from
seducing another generation of smokers.
The tobacco industry bases its opposition
to the proposal primarily on the First Amend-
ment, claiming the plan will infringe on com-
panies' right to free speech. The court will
draw heavily on a 1980 ruling that sets some
precedent for issues of free speech in adver-
tising. That decision states that commercial
speech that is truthful, not misleading and
concerns a legal activity may be limited only
if government has a "substantial interest."
Furthermore, the limitation must advance
that interest and be no more extensive than
necessary. The court's decision in the current
case will clarify the line between harmful
advertising and First Amendment rights.
The government certainly has a substan-
tial interest in the health and welfare of
America's youth. Officials must counter the
profiteering motives of the tobacco industry,
which seeks to hook young smokers before
they reach an age where they can make an
educated and responsible decision.
Clinton's proposed limitations, in the lan-
guage of the 1980 ruling, only would restrict
advertisers in a way that advances the sub-
stantial interests ofthe government. Banning
cigarette billboards within 1,000 feet of
schools would help to protect young people
from the friendly cartoon symbols masking a
deadly, addictive drug.
These proposals are a progression of the
precedent set in the past decade banning
cigarette advertisements on television. Like
the television ban, this plan seeks to protect
children from a deadly product. The tobacco
industry is using the First Amendment as a
smokescreen to further its essential goal -
profit. Any interpretation of the Rhode Is-
land law must transcend this smokescreen,
upholding the initiatives of Clinton and the
FDA.
LETTERS
To remember Rabin is to fulfill his vision
To the Dally:
Yom Kippur. the fast of re-
pentance on the 10th day of the
Jewish year, is well known among
Jews and non-Jews alike. Most,
however, are unaware that this
solemn day marks the second fast
of the Jewish calendar. The first
fast is known as Tzom Gedalia
and it falls on the first day after
Rosh Hashanah, the Jewish New
Year. Tzom Gedalia commemo-
rates the assassination of the last
major Jewish leader in the land of
Israel following the destruction
of the Second Temple. His death
was one of the final steps in the
beginning of the Jewish people's
exile from their homeland. Un-
fortunately, it came at the hands
of a fellow Jew.
Throughout the history of the
Jewish people our proudest mo-
ments have come when we were
united, as we were under Moses,
Joshua, David and Solomon. Our
most tragic memories are rooted
in the times when we have al-
lowed our disagreements to di-
vide us. This is not to say that we
had no disagreements during the
times that we were united; the
story of two Jews and three opin-
ions has always held true. In our
times of triumph, however, we
never permitted those differences
to drive a wedge between us. Trag-
edy has befallen us when our dis-
agreements have caused us to for-
get our unity as a people and a
family.
Yitzhak Rabin's assassin
claimed that he was driven to
action by the word of G-cl. In
truth, he could not have found a
more base way to defilethat word.
In Psalm 34,King David instructs
us to "turn away from bad and do
good, seek peace and chase after
it." By this he is telling us that we
must not simply search out good-
ness by acting blindly on what we
feel is right, but must take every
action necessary to ensure that
our method of searching is moral
and good. When differences arise
among us we must always make
every attempt to resolve them
peacefully. Should we, G-d for-
bid, fail in this endeavor, we risk
destroying the very fabric of the
people whom we are ostensibly
trying to help.
We stand today shocked and
bewildered not only because this
was an act which went against the
democratic principles of a demo-
cratic people, but especially be-
cause it was an act that threatens
the very foundation of the Jewish
people. The murderer may feel
that he acted in defense of G-d's
law. In fact, the ultimate victim of
his attack was that very same law
and all those who truly seek peace
through it regardless of what side
of the argument they may be on.
Now, we are faced with two
choices. We can start pointing
fingers and allow the hate of this
one man to spread among us. Or,
we can resolve to begin the rec-
onciliation that could stop this
from ever happening again. Even
if all that we resolve is to agree to
disagree. we shall at least he do-
ing it as friends. We can, thus,
make Yitzhak Rabin not only a
martyr for peace, but also a mar-
tyr for unity.
Aryeh M. Caroline
RC senior
American Movement for
Israel
To the Daily:
A harsh blow was struck
against the Jewish community of
the world on Saturday when Is-
raeli Prime Minister Yitzhak
Rabin was assassinated. We must
not ever condone the killing of
any individual by another, espe-
cially the killing of a man who
has done so much to further the
course toward peace between Is-
rael and the Palestinians.
The death is all the more up-
setting when you look at the
events that have transpired in the
past months, years and even those
minutesjust before the assassina-
tion. Since 1993 when we all
watched with great anticipation
as Rabin and Yasser Arafat shook
hands on the White House lawn,
until minutes before Rabin's as-
sassination Jews and Arabs wro'te
a new chapter in their history. A
chapter filled with hope, and the
promise for new beginnings.
The death of the great leader
who took us into this new chapter
is a very sad moment in our his-
tory, yet it is important to look
back to see the factors that led to
the assassination, and look to-
ward the future and the peace we
cannot abandon. It would be un-
fair to directly blame the murder
of Prime Minister Rabin on the
right-wing political establish-
ment. However, the ideological
message of the right wing fed the
mentality that led to this murder.
When leaders of a political party
attend rallies that depict Rabin as
a Nazi officer and call him a trai-
tor without stating this is an inap-
propriate message to be making,
they are implicitly feeding the
growing animosity of belligerent
Jews toward terrorist activity.
Rabin had to sacrifice a great
deal to bring Israel where it is: on
the verge of a true peace. Indeed,
Rabin refused to allow terrorist
activities to derail the peace pro-
cess. Rather than allowing this
recent tragedy to stall the peace
process, we must redouble our
efforts toward supporting the
peace initiative. We must not al-
low the quest for peace to die
with Rabin.
Members of the Progres-
sive Jewish Collective
How TO CONTACT THEM
University President James J. Duderstadt
Office of the President
The ShapLi?
Tn ha f aitI
densome: The ShapLi (pro-
nounced "shapely"). Certainly
the new lonk of the lihrnrv de-
attention. The code only affects
those in MSA who can use it to
af-t nr-arodm, neAlivit rnd heln
this may be a eery serious in-
fringement on our individual
ri ?hts. it is not someihin' that I or