I
D FUTURE
1Mw 43UU
Sep page 2
Sixty-Six Years of Editorial Freedom
No. 32S
ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, THURSDAY, AUGUST 8, 1957
5. Jury In diCts
p Soviet Agent
onel Who Posed As an Artist
IRadio Contact with Moscow"
ORK (P)-A slight, quiet Russian colonel, who posed for
iondescript Brooklyn artist, was indicted yesterday as a
al grand jury said his specialty was military and atomic
udolf Ivanovich Abel, 55, the highest ranking Red agent.
i for espionage in this country.
Links with Kremlin
xently had links with the hierarchy of the Kremlin's spy
eal his own background, Abel borrowed the birth certifi-
ntity of an American child who died 55 years ago.
hods, the government said, involved microfilms hidden in
t objects and short wave radio contacts with Moscow.
e of the spy plot was said to have resulted from the
the West of Reino Hayhanen, named a co-conspirator
Diin the Abel indictment. Described,
Senate
Debate
Passes
Ended
News
tmdup
Asseiated Press
NAMA, Bahrein A minia-
army ' British troops and
deseir warriors prepared
rday td move' against forces
te rebellious Imam of Oman.,
ireatening in the background
t te"up war was a new gen-
r1in for British Middle East
,y.
B-itish jeep force, along with
nate soldiers and scouts from
flucial ,bnan, moved into the
g. of Isz without opposition.
to now, the army has not
tered the enemy. It has ad-
ed across 80 miles of desert
southeastern Arabia unop-
d.
ie rmy'a object is to take
:ebel stronghold at Nizwa, a
rt fortress, 12 miles north-
-of ,zz.
ie British hope for a quick
out blow to end the three-
kold rebellion of the Imam,
seeks to set up an indepen-
Ssultanate 'of Oman.
* , *
ib Testimony ....
ASH IN tTO N-A top official '
e Roto-Broil Corp., of Ameri-
Sew York, testifiad yesterday
It -held back: $23,000 of its
°oyes' union dues and used the
ey for company operations.
ere was testimony, in the
e hackets Investigatig Com-
t, . Rackets Investigating
mittee, that-the money sup-
dly was diverted through col-
in ybetween union and man-
nerit, but this was not nailed
:1.
ie big reason it was left in the
ras that Bernard Tolkow, bus-
I manager of the. union local
erned took the Fifth Amend-
t and refused to say whether
new about or had condoned.
arrangement.
ish A-Tests.. .
,ETAIDlE, Australia -Brit-
is expected to. begin a new
s of atomic device 'tests at
Maralinga Desert testing
nds in southern Australia in
it four weeks.
ero scheduled explosions -in It
believed to be of a type not
ried by the British.
* *. *
ii, Hf, .
negie Hall ...
W YORK' -Carnegie Hall,
Ltural landfnark in New York
since 1891, will be razed in
to make way for a 44-story
raper. ,
e $22 million structure will
je ted at '7th Ave. and 57th
urrounded by a sunken plaza
with cultural exhibits.
ruts . Glickman, chairman of
0lick Ina Corp., bought Car-
1~lls year for $five mil-
* *' *
aer Hardy Dies . . .
RTH HOLLYWOOD, Calif.
dliver Hardy, the frowning
n who lumbered like a tipsy
iant through more than 200
tick movies, died yesterday.
was 65. **
rdy, the heavier half of the
nan-thin man comedy team
aurel and Hardy, had been
ally incapacitated since last
when he suffered a stroke.
nie Improves .. .
a rr r Trncn..
as a trained Red espionage agent,
he spent six years in this country.
After his return to Europe, he
reportedly defected to the free
world.
Flown to U. S.
He was flown to this country
and went before the grand jury
in Brooklyn Tuesday to tell what
he knew.
Presumably, he' will be the key
government witness against Abel.
The indictment linked Abel to
principals in two of the major
Soviet spy organizations uncover-
ed in the Western Hemisphere
since World War II.
He .apparently' was connected,
with a Kremlin master spy who
was involved in the free world's'
first big post war espionage scan-
dal.
Russians Named
Named as co-conspirators with
Abel but not as defendants were
four Russians, including Vitali G.
Pavlov. The latter headed a Rus-
sian secret police network based
In the Soviet Embassy in Ottawa,
Canada. It was broken up in 1945
after the arrest of atomic-traitor
Dr. Alan Nunn May.
Ramificatidhs from this Cana-
dian spy case led to the arrests
later of Dr. Klaus Fuchs in Eng-
land and Julius and Ethel Rosen-
berg in the United States. From.
them, the Soviet Union got early,
'secret data on the atom bomb.
Another co-conspirator, A. M.
Korotkov, figured in the recent
espionage indictment in Manhat-
tan of George Zlatovski and his
wife, Jane, accused as members
of a' Soviet spy ring headed by
Jack Soble.
The government is trying to
get the Zlatovskis back from Paris,
where they are living.
'Mastermind'
The government called.Korotkov,
the mastermind behind Abel's op-
erations. He was described as the
head in Moscow of the American
section of the NKVD, the Russian
secret police.
Abel's rank--colonel of Russian
intelligence-made him the most,
obvious of potential spies.
But apparently he concealed it
well by posing as an obscure
photographic artist in the heart of
crowded Brooklyn.;
Then the indictment came just
in time.
Abel was in Texas awaiting de-
portation, a move that would have
given, him safe haven /outside this
country.
Abel's activities, as described by
the government, are in the classic-
pattern of the fictional spy -
microfilmed secrets transmitted to
his Kremlin masters in hollowed-
out coins, pencils, bolts, cuff links
and ear rings.
Frank Gambuzza, who runs an
electronics shop in the Brooklyn
area said Abel bought a short-
wave radio antenna and somej
tubes from him.
He regarded the Russian officer
as a man learned in electronics.
Eienhower
Reaffirms
Policy Basis
Answers Criticism;
Cites Logic as Base
WASHINGTON () - President
Dwight D. Eisenhower said yestre-
'day he would be, the first to ad-
mit that maybe "I have not done
as well as might have been done"
to push his civil rights and other
bills through Congress.
He told a news conference,
however, he is going to keep right
on dealing with Congress as he
has been: "Never employ threats
... and try to convince people by
the logic of my position."
The President looking cool in
the hot conference room in a tan
suit complete with buttoned-up
vest, fielded more than his usual
quota of questions about what he
personally has done or failed to
do.
A few questions concerned poli-
cy matters; such as' disarmament.
He said lie had "utmost hope"
in that field.
A good many questions were
aimed directly at Eisenhower the
individual.
As to self-criticism, Eisenhower
did have some:
"Now, I would be the first to
say that with the difficulty that
many, of the administration pro-
posals have run into, that some-
where along the line I have not
done as well as might have been
done
"I, as you know, never employ
threats. I never try to hold up
clubs of any kind. I just say, 'This
is what I believe to be best for
the United States,' and I try to~
convince . people by the logic of
my position.-
"If that is wrong politically,
why then I suupose you will just
have to say I am wrong. But that
is my method, and that is what I
try to do."
'House, OK's
Miltary
Allotments
WASHINGTON (P)-The House
yesterday passed and sent to the
Senate a $1Y2 billion money bill
for military construction and some
miscellaneous activities.
Included were funds to begin
work on an Air Force Academy
chapel of controversial design.
Inclusion of the chapel funds
marked a change of mind by the
House.
It voted tentatively Tuesday, to
bar the Air Force from using any
money in the bill to build the
chapel at its Colorado Springs,
Colo., school.,
Wednesday a standing vote of
147-83 rejected an amendment to
this effect which had been tenta-
tively approved 102-53 a day
earlier.
As sent to the Senate, the bill
carries $1,581,590,587 compared
with President Eisenhower's ori-
ginal request for $1,860,748,967.
'Tender Trap' Opening Set
'THE TENDER TRAP'-Presentation will open at,8't30 (tonight. It plays through Saturday at the
Little Theater in the new Ann Arbor High School. The comedy concerns a young bachelor sales-
man from a midwest drug firm and his eventual "trapping." The production stars George Webb,
Ted Heusel, Mary Anne Stevenson, Ruth Livingston, Marian Mercer, Eras Cochrane, Larry Guss-
man, and Alan Schreiber.
ke MobiZes Defenses To Prevent
Ik e
Asiatic. InfluenzaEiei nUS
WASHINGTON (J) - President funds for use against any large So far,
Dwight D. Eisenhower took steps both in foreign cou
yesterday to buttress the nation's epidemic of the disease. tries and in the United State
defenses against any large-scale Specifically, the a d d i t io n a 1 death rates have been low (twc
outbreak of Asiatic flu this fall $500,000 would be used for the tenths of one per cent) and ti
or winter, following purposes: duration of the ailment relative
1. To prepare educational ma- short.
Surgeon Gen. Leroy Burney of terial to encourage people to take But its onset is sudden, attar
the United States Public Health advantage of a new commercially rates in the Far East have bee
Service already has said "there is manufactured vaccine. (The gov- rather high - about 20 per cen
a very definite probability" of ernment doesn't plan to buy vac- fever of 102 to 104 degrees las
such a large occurrence of the cine, except for the armed forces, three to five days, followed I
disease which, as of Aug. 2, 'had 2. Developmentof materials weakness for several more day
struck 11,000 persons. in the used in detecting the disease and the patient suffers headach
United States and caused three which recently spread from Asia sore throat, cough and musc
deaths, presumably from compli- to the Western Hemisphere. aches.
cations. 3. Making 10 new specialists in
The disease is caused by a new epidemics available to work with
strain of flu virus, state authorities.
President Eisenhower asked The White House also an-
Congress for $500,000 to enable nounced that, in the event of an
the PHS to be perpared for any outbreak which constituted an.
epidemics of the malady. emergency, the secretary of the
The surgeon general has said Health and Welfare Department
that if epidemics should occur would be authorized to use about
"they could spread from 'San $2 million to call 100 PHS reserve Secretary
Francisco to Boston in a period officers to duty and to provide
as short as perhaps four weeks." supplies. WASHINGTON ( )-Neil I
The chief executive also re- The disease for which the na- McElroy, a super salesman of soa
quested authority to transfer tion is thus marshaling prepared- for the past 32 years, was name
about $2 million of public health nes forces, is relatively mild. - sy. a. p inf ab
BOMB EXPLODES:,
Pacifists WthBat
Pray forHatof Tests
ATOMIC TEST SITE, Nev., (R) -- A jolting atomic blast flared
spectacularly over the desert before dawn yesterday.
But a group of pacifists, praying at the edge of the test site, said
they ignored the awesome display.
Atomic bombs, said aspokesman for the demonstrators, are "evil
and obscene . . . contrary to American and Christian ways."
The bomb, suspended 1,500 feet above the desert floor from a
tethered balloon, sent forth a powerful shock wave that collapsed a
Navy blimp moored 100,000 yards away and hit observers on News
Nob, 10 miles distant, with the force of a blow.
The pacifists prayed during the 5:25 a.m. test at Camp Mercury,
which is on the edge of the test area 65 miles from the detonation
point. They said they paid the
CONSUMER RESEARCH:
Ox ford Economist Compares Data
By ERNEST ZAPLIT14Y
Britain is not "as strong eco-
nomically in relation to the United
States as in the 1930's, but in rela-
tion to pre-war conditions the
British people as a whole are
better off," Prof. Harold F. Lydall
of Oxford University said yester-
day.
The British economist presented
his findings of an extensive com-
parison of consumer economics in
the two countries.
He said comparative differences
in employment income were sig-
nificantly greater in the higher
'Kr rl .. 19fM ir a- - o a flan
there are sveen times' as many
farmers in the United States. The
income of 'the British farmer is
about twice the size of the average
industrial workers and roughly
equal to the small businessman's,
he said.
This compares to the $3,500
average for.American farmers, be-
low that of wage-earners. "The
difference may explain why many
Americans are leaving farms," he
observed.
Educational Differences
Concerning Negroes, he attri-
buted their economic position to
difference in eicatinna llevei.
financial, he said. Forty-seven
per cent of total assets are in the
form of securities and currency,
"liquid assets" here.
Disparity
Homes and durable goods, not
included in the "total assets"
cited above, show an even greater
disparity, Lydall said.
Against 66 per cent of families
in America, only a tenth own cars
in Britain. The same comparison
for refrigerators shows 70 per cent
heie to five per cent in Britain.
Almost half the homes in
America are occupier-owned com-
pared with 22 per cent there.