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Sixty-Six Years of Editorial Freedom
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FAIR, WARM
VOL. LXVIL No. 22S ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, THURSDAY, JULY 25, 1957
FOUR PAGES
H ouse Votes'
School Bill
Amendment
Final Vote, Defeat
Predicted Today
WASHINGTON (P)--The House
adopted an amendment to the
school construction bill yesterday
saying it is the intent of Congress
there shall not be federal control
of schools.
Voting on the issue of segrega-
tion in the classroom was delayed
until today. Final voting on the
one-and-a-half-billion-dollar mea-
sure also is expected today with
cloakroom talk inclined to fore-
cast its defeat.
-The bill would authorize $300
million a year for .five years in
federal grants to help the states
build needed classrooms.
States Match
Distribution would be half on
- the basis of state needs, half on
the basis of school-age population.
The states would match the federal'
outlays.
Opponents of-the measure talked
of the program's cost and danger
of federal control again in yester-
day's second day, of debate.
The amendment adopted by
voice vote was offered by Rep. Jim
Wright (D-Tex), who said it was
needed so the intent of Congress
would -not be misconstrued.
Congress Recognizes
The amendment says Congress
recognizes that responsibility for
administration and direction of
public school policies lies wholly
with the states and local commu-
nities and adds:
"It is expressly not the purpose
of this act, to provide or to per-
mit control, direction, supervision
or interference by federal author-
wchool personnel, curricula, text-
books and instructional materials,
or local school administration poli-
* ies."
The House killed a school aid bill
last year after adopting an amend-
ment by Rep. Adam Clay Powell
(D-NY) to bar aid to districts
practicing segregation.
Wedemeyer
Says 'Lindy'
K Flew in War
WESTBURY, N. Y. (A)-Lt. Gen.
Albert C. Wedemeyer (Ret.) said
yesterday a "plush curtain of
bureaucracy" hid the fact that
Charles A. Lindbergh flew 50 com-
bat missions and shot down at
least one Japanese fighter plane
in the Pacific in World War II.
Wedemeyer, foi'mer commander
of United States Army forces in
China spoke at the dedication of
a plaque marking the take-off
point of Lindbergh's solo flight to
Paris in 1927.
Public Should Know
"I think the public is entitled at
least to some of the unpublicized
contributions in the Lindbergh
oddyssey," Wedemeyer said.
"When the Japanese hit Pearl
Harbor, Col. Lindbergh found it
impossible because of the political
climate to participate in the war
as a member of the armed forces.
"So he went to war as a techni-
cal representative of the aircraft
industry. He went on many mis-
sions with Corsairs; he took part in
strafing raids; he flew cover for
bombers and did some special1
bombing to prove what the Cor-
sair could do... .
Facts Recorded
"All the pertinent facts are on
the record, but that closely guard-
ed government record is unavail-
able to the public. Let me push
aside the plush curtafns of bu-
reaucracy for a, moment and talk
Sabout the man and the facts."
Wedemeyer s a i d Lindbergh
spent six months in the Pacific,
made 50 combat missions, had 178
combat hours, shot down at least
one Japanese fighter plane, and
took up probably the heaviest
bomb load ever carried.
Wedemeyer said Lindbergh went
to the Pacific to study fighter
plane performances under conbat
conditions with a view toward im-
proving plane design.
Center Span Completed
Senate Strips Rights Bill;
Ui
Enforcement
Except, for V(
Power
Cut
M~ing Rights
MACKINAC STRAITS BRIDGE - The final section of span of the five-mile bridge was lifted into
place early this week, presenting the structure as it' will appear upon completion in November.
Clinton Case
New Motions
Deadline Set,
KNOXVILLE, -Tenn. (R) - De-
fense attorneys yesterday were
given until Aug. 14 to file motions
for a new trial for seven persons
convicted of interfering with ra-
cial integration of Clinton High
School.
United States District Judge
Robert L. Taylor set the date for
filing the briefs following a con-
ference with defense lawyers.
The attorneys served notice aft-
er conviction Tuesday of North-
ern, segregationist John Kasper
and six Clinton area residents that
they would seek a new trial.
Kasper and the "Clinton six"
were convicted of criminal con-
tempt of court for violating a fed-
eral injunction prohibiting inter-
ference with orderly integration of
the previously all-white high
school.
Those convicted could be sen-
tenced up to six months in jail
and fined up to $1,000, or both.
Taylor indicated he will not pro-
nounce judgment on the defend-
ants until after argument on the
new trial motions.
He plans a vacation in August,
so it is unlikely he will hear the
attorneys' pleas until September
or later.
The defendants are free tinder
bond.
AEC Sets Off
Atomic Blast,
Ninth in Series
ATOMIC TEST SITE, Nev. ()-
A "mighty mite" atomic blast lit
up the sky yesterday for an in-
ternational audience.
, The ninth shot of the summer
test series was roughly one half
as strong as atomic bombs dropped
on Japan in World War II, but
observers said it was one of the
most jarring shots of the 1957
series.
The bomb went off before sun-
rise in a burst of bluish-purple.
Thirteen miles from ground zero
on News Nob, the shock wave
banged like thunder over a group
of civilian observers from nine
foreign countries.J
HITS NEW PEAK:
Cost of Living Rises;
Dollar Power Shrinks
WASHINGTON (P) - The cost of living jumped another one-half
of one per cent in June and probably has set still another record in
July.
The consumer price index, issued yesterday by the Bureau of
Labor Statistics, reached a new peak in June for the 10th month
in a row, at 120.2 per cent of the 1947-49 average.
This meant. the buying power of the consumer dollar had shrunk
3.4 per cent from a year earlier and almost a nickel - 4.8 cents -
in the 15 months since March 1956 when the big price bulge began.
The average factory worker could take comfort in the fact that
his "real earnings" - the spending power of his weekly paycheck -
New Bridge
Built Minus
Red Tat'pe
CIBOLA, Ariz. (-) - All of a
sudden there's a new bridge across
the Colorado River.
Federal officials are flabber-
gasted.
A group of Arizona, farmers built
the bridge without bothering
about red tape.
The law says that to build a
bridge they should have had the
approval of the Army Corps of
Engineers, the secretary of the
Air,,, the Bureau of Reclamation,
the California Division of Highway
Department.
No Permission
But they didn't get anybody's
permission. They built the 401-foot
span and started hauling their
crops across it and charging tolls
to other users.
The bridge is about 20 miles
south of Blythe Calif., and about
40 miles north of Yuma, A'iz. The
line men who built it at a cost of
$50,000 farm on the Arizona side
of the river.
W. Y. Murphey of the Desert
Ginning Co. originated the bridge
idea. He and other cottcn growers
wanted to haul their crops to a
gin and railhead on the Califor-
nia side of the river._
Murphy Wrote
Murphey wrote.the Army Engi-
neers in March -1956, asking 'how
to go about building a bridge. He
got back a bale of instructions.
"It would have cost us $250,000
and a year's time to build that
bridge with Army approval," he
says.
Gwent up in June for the first time
since last December.
His average spendable earnings,
rose about one per cent, or 65
cents a week. A longer work week
and higher hourly wage rates were
enough to offset higher prices for
the first time this year..
And an estimated 650,000 work-
ers in the electrical manufactur-
ing,. aircraft, trucking, building.
and some other industries gained
pay increases of two to four cents
hourly under their escalator wage
contracts geared to fluctuations in
living costs.
British Jets
Hit Positions
Of Rebels
MAMAMA, Bahrain (A')-British
jet warpla-nes attacked rebel
tribesmen of Oman yesterday with
rockets and machinegun fire.
An official announcement in this
Persian Gulf oil center said RAF
jets based at Sharja, in Oman,
knocked down the walls of Ft.
Izki in the Wadi Halfin area.
The RAP flew 12 sorties against
the rebels threatening the throne
of the pro-British Sultan of Mus-
cat and Oman.
Targets Named
Targets for today, informants
said, will include the rebel-held
fort at Nizwa, ancient capital of
Oman.
Unofficial reports earlier said
the official announcement of the
attack had been deferred by the
British until they could assess
photos showing the results of the
attacks.
Although London officials said
the use of ground troops was not
planned, two companies of the
Cameronian Rifles, veteran desert
campaign troops, arrived at the
RAF Sharja base from Kenya late
yesterday. They were fully equip-
ped for desert action.
Possessions Named
In Cairo; rebel spokesmen
claimed that their forces hold
most of the interior and that the
British-officered army of the Sul-
tan is losing men by desertion to
the rebels.
They said the Sultan now must
depend on British support alone
because his own army is melting
away.
About 1,500 rebels swooped out
of the desert mountains of the
Arabian coastal monarchy last
week under the leadership of
Imam Ghaleb ben Ali, former re-
ligious leader of Oman.
They are reported to have taken
control of about 2,000 square miles
of rugged foothills, and their re-
bellion threatened the rule of the
47-year-old Sultain, Sail bin Tai-
mur, a friend of Britain's in the
Persian Gulf area. Treaties have
linked Oman with Britain since
1839.
Sultan Appealed
The Sultan appealed to his Brit-
ish allies for help, and the RAF
dropped leaflets on rebel areas
threatening offensive action if the
tribesmen did not call off their
revolt within 48 hours. The dead-
line passed Tuesday night.
British Foreign Secretary Sel-
wyn Lloyd announced in London
that British action would be con-
fined to air strikes to discourage
the rebels and prevent them from
receiving arms from "outside"
sources.
He said the sending of troops to
the hot desert areas would be a
"military futility" although two
planeloads of troops were flown
out to Bahrain from East Africa
earlier this week.
Chancellor Konrad Adenauer's re-
election campaign. He did not ex-
plain how.
The Soviet Premier said that
unless the West, and particularly
Britain, show some reciprocity in
getting some disarmament steps
under way, the current United
Nations Disarmament sub-com-
mission talks in London hold little
hope.
Bulganin also told Macmillan
tartly that expressions of indigna-
tion in England about the- Soviet
role in Hungary could be matched
by Russian questions on British
acts in Egypt and Cyprus.
Macmillan Pressed
Bulganin pressed Macmillan to
reconsider an old disarmament
idea first aired by the then Prime
Minister Sir Anthony Eden at the
Geneva Big Four meeting in 1955.
The plan, which the Allies have
since disowned, would have set
ceilings on Allied and Communist
forces in West and East Germany,
demilitarized a zone along the Iron
Curtain, and opened it to a control
and inspection system as a first
step for confidence.
Then came his idea of the joint
pledge not to help any aggressor.
House Group
Kills One Bill
For Canyon
WASHINGTON (M)-The House
Interior Committee yesterday kill-
ed one of two Hells Canyon dam
bills.
Republican members said they
would bury the other today.
With two Southern Democrats
Joining a. solid Republican minor-
ity, the committee voted 16 to 14
to strike the enacting clause from
a bill by Rep. Gracie Frost (D-
Idaho) to authorize federal con-
struction of a high dam in the
canyon dividing Oregon and Idaho.
The federal dam would have been
built .in the same stretch of the
Snake River in which the Federal
Power Commission has authorized
Idaho Power Co. to build three
smaller dams.
Rep. J. P. Sayl r (R-Pa.) later
said Republicans plans today to
indefinitely shelve the other Sen-
ate passed Hells Canyon bill dur-
ing a meeting of the House Recla-
mation subcommittee.
This bill also calls for federal
construction of the dam.
LETTER FROM MOSCOW:
Bulganin Wants No A id
For Aggressor Nations
MOSCOW (A')-Premier Bulganin proposed in a new letter yester-
day that the United States and European powers pledge t6 withhold
aid from any aggressor in Europe.
He also called for the United States, Britain and the Soviet
Union as the world's nuclear powers to agree not to base nuclear
weapons on either East or West German 'soil.
Long Letter Sounded Moderate
His 6,000-word letter to Britain's Prime Minister Harold Mac-
millan was moderate in tone but it acoised the West of stalling
disarmament talks. He said the West's aim was to help West German
'U' Student
Takes Life
Inside Jail
Sentenced to 30 days in jail and
five years probation for grand
larceny, Clyde Brough, '60E, took
his own life early yesterday morn-
ing.
He had been convicted by Cir-
cuit Judge James R. Breakey, Jr.,
for theft of $3,000 in photographic
equipment from a, local camera
store.
Washtenaw County Assistant
Prosecuting Attorney William
Ager said Brough's parents are
seeking an immediate investiga-
tion.
The former University student
smuggled poison into his cell in
the heel of a shoe. He was report-
edly seen opening the shoe during
the early morning hours by anoth-
er inmate.
Other prisoners, hearing Brough
in pain, attracted Sheriff's Office
officials on duty and thq student
was rushed to University Hospital
at 3:20 a.m., where he died short-i
ly after.
Brough left several notes be-
hind, one to a naval science pro-
fessor, another to a friend, and
a third to a girl.
Brough's father also said he had
received a letter with a possible
suicide hint in it. After Sheriff's
officers were informed of this
Tuesday, they made a search but
failed to discover anything on
Brough's person.
The student went before Uni-
versity officials in May for his
part in the theft of $300 worth
of camera equipment from West
Quadrangle.
Brough had been a "B" student
with particular interests in Naval
ROTC, motorcycling and photog-
raphy.
Price To Play
Arrangements for a three-and-
a-half octave carillon will be in-
cluded in a concert by Prof. Per-
cival Price, University Carillon-
neur, at 7:15 p.m. today in Burton
Tower.
Long Debate
Ends in Vote
Of 52-38
Southern Senators
Achieve Victory
With Amendment
WASHINGTON (') - President
Dwight D. Eisenhower's civil
rights bill was stripped in the
Senate yesterday of all its enforce-
ment powers except those covering
voting rights.
The vote on the crucial issue,'
coming after five hours of debate,
was 52-38.
It was a solid victory for South-
ern senators, who have argued for
weeks that the bill as it came from
the House would permit the feder-
al government to force racial in-
tegration in the schools in their
states and impose other social
changes.
Parties Mix
Thirty-four Democrats and 18
Republicans joined to adopt an
amendment by Sen. Clinton An-
derson (D-N.M.) and George Aik-
en (R-Vt.) to eliminate almost all
of Section 3 from the measure.
Thirteen Northern Democrats and
25 Republicans voted against the
amendement.
Michigan's senators, Patrick
McNamara (D) and Charles Pot-
ter (R), both voted against the
Anderson-Aiken amendment.
Section 3 would have empowered
the attorney general, on his own
initiative, to seek federal court in-
junctions against all kinds of civil
rights violations or threats of vio-
lations.
Charges Ready
Persons flouting the injunctions
could be charged with contempt
of court and tried by federal
judges without a jury.
Northern supporters of the
amendment hailed the vote as di-
minishing the chances of a South-
ern filibuster against what's left
of the bill and increasing the
chances of passage.
"I think this vote makes the en-
actment of a workable civil rights
bill very likely," Sen. Aiken said.
Still in the bill is authority for
the attorney general to seek in-
junctions in voting rights cases. In
addition, persons who felt their
right to vote was being denied il-
legally could bypass state courts
and go directly into federal courts
with petitions for restraining or-
ders or demands for damages.
Provisions Included
Also in the bill are provisions
to set up a bipartisan commission
with broad subpoena powers to ln-
vestigate the civil rights problem,
and to create a civil rights dvi-
sion in the Justice Department.
But all the remaining provisions
are under attack in varying de-
grees, and further efforts probably
will be made to soften the legisla-
tion.
Immediately after adoption of
the Anderson-Aiken amendment,
Majority Leader Sen. Lyndon.
Johnson (D-Tex.) called up a jury
trial amendment proposed by,.Sen.
Joseph O'Mahoney (D-Wyo.),
This was a surprise, since sup-
porters of the bill had expected to
go to work next on amendments,
to the commission part of the bill,
Nixon Presiding
Vice-President Richard-M. Nix-
on, who was presiding, followed
Senate custom and recognized the'
majority leader first, although Mi-
nority Leader Sen. William Know-
land (R-Calif.) was seeking rec-
ognition at the same time,
Sen. Knowland heads the bi-
partisan coalition backing the bill,
The O'Mahoney amendment
would provide for jury trials in
injunction proceedings where per-
sons were charged with contempt
and threatened with criminal pen-
alties.
ROBERT B. ANDERSON
... to take over Monday
HOUSE BILL OPPOSED:
Administration Fights
Overseas Tra a
WASHINGTON (R) - The administration fought yesterday
against barring foreign trials for offenses committed on United States
servicemen while on duty.
A bill to forbid such trials encountered solid opposition from State
and Defense Department officials before the House Armed Services
Committee.
They said it would break with international law, compel the
United States to violate treaties, undermining mutual defense alli-
ances and American security, and result in more foreign and fewer
Treasury Post
Transfer Set
For Monday
WASHINGTON ()-The White
House announced yesterday Sec-
retary of the Treasury George
Humphrey's resignation will take
effect Monday.
Robert B. Anderson will be
sworn in to succeed Humphrey on
that date in a Cabinet-room cere-
mony.
Both Humphrey and Anderson
a t t e n d e d yesterday's Cabinet
meeting.
The White House announced
May 29 that Humphrey would
leave the Cabinet about the time
Congress was winding up its work.
At the same time, it was an-
nounced that Anderson, a former
deputy secretary of defense, would
succeed him.
Humphrey is expected to be-
come chsirmnan of the board of,
National Steel Co.
Vice-President
STUDENT PUBLICATIONS:
Library, Shop Changes Under Way
Alterations in the Student Pub-,
licatoins Building involving con-
struction of a library and changes
in the shop floor plan are under
way this summer.
Already completed As a new
office for Kenneth L. Chatters,
superintendent of printing. Other
changes in shop layout designed
to separate different operations
have been made.
The changes have been "pri-
marily to increase the efficiency
of the shop," Maurice Rinkel, busi-
ness secretary of the , Board in
Control of Student Publications,
explained,
Wt%+ " nn* a" ' n" " +V 0
I
Social Science
Lecture Topic
United States trials for GIs over-(
seas.
Hundreds more GIs might wind
up in foreign jails, they contended.
The target was a bill by Rep.
took a stand alongside the admin-
istration.
He said he is "completely con-
I vinced" of the "benefit to Ameri-
I
losilz