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VOL. LXV, No. 21 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, TUESDAY, JULY 19, 1955
FOUR PAGES
Mo mic Energy At Work
WEST MILTON, N. Y. (P)-The Free World's first commercial
first atomic-electric power went "on the line" yesterday, and
one of its first uses was the grilling of a hamburger by a New York
State housewife.
Chairman Lewis L. Strauss of the Atomic Energy Commission
turned a switch that unleased "several thousand" kilowatts of
atomic-electric energy into the public utility system of the Niagara
Mohawk Power Corp., whichserves sections of upstate New York.
The electric power was generated by steam produced by a
counterpart of the atomic reactor that will power the world's
second atomic submarine, which will be launched Thursday at
Groton, Conn.
Plane Crash
DWIGHT EISENHOWER
... United States President
ANTHONY EDEN
.. .England's Prime Minister
EDGAR FAURE
. .. France's Premier
NIKOLAI BULGANIN
. . . Russia's Premier
Sa tlle ighlights
East, West Give
as, etPans for Peace,
German Uinification, Atom Pool
Discussed By Big Four Leaders
GENEVA (A) - The summit conference opened yesterday in a
friendly atmosphere.
All four leaders proposed to reunite Germany, but East and
West differed over the methods and opened up the way for further
discussions this week.
President Dwight D. Eisenhower led off with a proposal that the
German problem be solved promptly and justly, taking account of
Soviet Russia's "legitimate security interests." Premier Nikolai
Bulganin reiterated Russia's insistence that the North Atlantic
alliance must give way to a new all-European security collective.
He proposed an immediate freeze on all foreign troops in European
countries as the first step.
Will Pool Atoms
The Russian Premier also announced his government will turn
some of its atomic material over to the international atoms-for-
peace pool created under the leadership of the United States.
Speeches delivered by the Big Four government leaders disclosed
certain areas of harmony where they might explore for means to
ease world tension:
1. Each of the four proposed security pacts or accords, mainly
aimed at easing the dispute over reuniting Germany.
2. All but France proposed relating trade and communications
barriers between East and West blocs.
3. All spoke of reducing the arms load,
Nations Want To Be Friends
When President Eisenhower said "The American people want
to be friends with the Soviet people," and proposed lifting artificial
barriers, Bulganin responded:
"We are in complete agreement with that since the lifting of
barriers would meet both the national interests of the Soviet and
American peoples and the interests of universal peace.
The Westerners steered clear of talk about the Far East. Bulganin
mentioned it, saying:
"The settlement of the situation in Asia and the Far East,
including the Taiwan (Formosa) area on the basis of recognition of the
undisputed right of China to this island would be of signal importance
for the amelioration of the international situation as a whole.
"Note should be made of the important question of reestablishing
the lawful rights of the Peoples' Republic of China in the United
Nations," he said.
w
-Daily-Sam Ching
Charles Quinn, 23 years old of Dexter, died last night in
University Hospital of .injuries received in a plan crash a few
3 miles northwest of Ann Arbor yesterday.
Robert MacVicars, 50 years old, and Robert McLeod, 25 years
old, were reported in fair condition at the hospital. MacVicars
was the pilot of the Waco Cabin, 280-horsepower bi-plane that
crashed in a farm field.
The plane had been overhauled and painted yesterday, accord-
ing to the Washtenaw County Sheriff's department.
The three men had taken the plane up for a test run,
according to a statement last night by MacVicars. At an altitude
of 1,000 feet, the motor quit. MacVicars attempted to land in an
open farm field near the intersection of Zeeb and Daly Roads.
The plane ripped through a row of trees, tearing off a wing
and leaving a big hole in the trees. With part of the wing gone,
MacVicars was unable to land the plane, and it tore into the
ground.
MacVicars lives at 6540 Jackson Road, and McLeod is from
Ike's 'Speech--
By The Associated Press
GENEVA -- In his opening
speech at the Summit meeting,
President Dwight D. Eisenhower,
who was the day's presiding offi-
cer, invited the other three powers
to advance ideas that would end
the cold war and to "try to take
here and now at Geneva the first
steps on a new road to a just and
durable peace."
He outlined a way of life for
the big powers that sounded some-
what like "peaceful coexistence."
Irreconciable Beliefs
"No doubt there are among our
nations philosophical convictions
which are in many respects irre-
conciable. Nothing that we can
say or do here. will change that
fact.
"However, it is not always
necessary that people should think
alike and believe alike before they
can work together. The essential
thing is that none should attempt
by force or trickery to make his
beliefs prevail and thus to impose
his system on the unwilling.
i"There is the problem of inter-
national communism," he said.
Communist Activities
"For 38 years now, its activities
have disturbed relations between
other nations and the Soviet Un-
ion. Its activities are not confined
to efforts to persuade. It seeks
throughout theeworld to subvert
lawful governments and to subject
nations to an alien domination. We
cannot ignore the distrust created
by the support of such activities.
In by nation and elsewhere it
adds to distrust and therefore to
international tension."
He pointed to Eastern European
countries as those not having a
free choice of government and
pleaded for closer contacts between
people now separated by interna-
tional barriers.
"The American people want to
be friends with the Soviet peoples,"
he said . .."It is time that all
curtains, whether of guns or laws
or regulations, should begin to
come down."
, * *
Atmosphere . .
GENEVA -- The first day of the
Big Four summit meeting was all
smiles, despite the sweltering heat.
As the delegates gathered Gene-
va had it hottest day of the year--
92 degrees fahrenheit.
The general public was kept
completely away from the Palace
on Nations and saw the delegates
only as they flashed past in their
motorcycle-escorted auton'iobiles.
A crowd gathered in the morn-
ing but by the afternoon meeting
interest seemed to decline.
Only 80 photographers were per-
mitted to take pictures for nine
minutes at the beginning of the
first meeting.
Council Vetoes
Inspection Fee
The proposed ordinance to re-
quire a fee to be paid by owners
of multiple unit dwellings for
inspections was defeated, 9-3, by
the Ann Arbor City Council last
night.
Mayor William B. Brown, Jr.,
recommended its defeat on the
grounds that it was inadequate for
revenue purposes. Council Presi-
dent Prof. A. D. Moore of the
engineering college stepped down
from the chair to speak in favor
of charging a fee for inspection.
In other action, the Council au-
thorized the hiring of architects
to draw up preliminary plans for
proposed recreation center and
outdoor swimming pool on the
fairgrounds site.
Ike-Zhukov Meet * , .
GENEVA (IP)-President Dwight
D. Eisenhower and Georgi K. Zhu-
kov, wartime conquerors of the
Nazis, had a brief reunion at the
Big Four conference yesterday and
later dined together.
Nikita S. Khrushchev, Commun-
ist party boss, told President Eisen-
hower that Zhukov had missed his
daughter's Moscow wedding in or-
der to come to Geneva "and see
you."
President Entertains
The President entertained the
entire Russian delegation last
night at a stag dinner in his Lake
Geneva villa. Khrushchev and
Premier Bulganin rode up first.
In a second car came Zhukov-
resplendent in a blue dress uni-
form - with V. M. Molotov and
Adnrei Gromyko of the Soviet For-
eign Ministry.
They dined at a large mahogany
table, with President Eisenhower
at one end and Secretary of State
Dulles at the other.
After the meal the group ad-
journed to the library looking out
on Lake Geneva. There President
Eisenhower had a chance to trade
reminiscences with Zhukov, who
is now Soviet defense minister,
During War
They came to know each other
well in the months after the war.
Recently the President referred to
Zhukov as his old friend, and dis-
closed that they had been in con-
fidential correspondence this year.
The President expressed hope the
exchange might help improve rela-
tions between the United States
and the Soviet Union.
When they met at the Palace of
Nations yesterday morning Khru-
shchev came up and with a wide
motion of his arms took over the
conversation.
Khrushchev grabbed the presi-
dent by the right hand and said:
."Mr. President, I want to let
you in on a Zhukov family secret.
"Zhukov's daughter is getting
married in Russia this week and I
suppose he should have stayed for
the ceremony, but he didn't."
Ambassador Bohlen, who was do-
ing the interpreting, said Eisen-
hower smiled and started to say
something, but Khrushchev was
in the full flight of oratory.
"Yes," said Khrushchev, beam-
ing all the time, "he didn't stay
for the wedding because he wanted
to come to Geneva and see you."
At this he gave Eisenhower's
hand a pump.
Hagerty said the President and
Zhukov had "a very enthusiastic
meeting."
Vaccine
WASHINGTON (P) - The
Senate passed and sent to the
House yesterday a bill authoriz-
ing free polio vaccine for child-
ren and expectant mothers in
states and communities request-
ing it.
Sen. Wayne Morse (D-Ore.)
cast the only vote against the
measure. He objected that it
"only scratches the surface" of
a national problem which can't
be handled, he said, on a leave-
it-to-the-states basis.
Russian Farm
Inspect U.S.1T
SLATER, Iowa (P)-Twelve im,
terday in the living room here of R
Iowa farm couple, and listened attf
tions on how they run their farm.
The visiting Soviet farm expert
from corn fields to chicken coops. T
They obviously were impressed byv
"How many people do you have
of the Russians.
The Allemans explained they w
occasional assistance from Richa
exchange basis whereby Richard al
No Woma
Mrs. Alleman made clear to th
in the fields, that her responsibility
"What's your workday schedul
Alexandr Tulupnikov, an official of
whose wild-flying curly hair and
nc
Dexter. Both suffered bruises
checked for internal injuries.
and scratches and were to be
National
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON - Russia offer-
ed yesterday to join with the
United States in measures aimed
at preventing any new clashes be-
tween American and Soviet planes
in the Alaska area.
The offerwas made in a note
delivered to Acting Secretary of
State Herbert Hoover, Jr. by Rps-
sian Charge d'Affaires Striganov.
Russia's note was in answer to
one from the United States last
Thursday which accepted the So-
viet government's offer to pay half
of the damages resulting when So-
viet fighters shot down a Navy
Neptune patrol plane June 23,
forcing it to crash land on St.
Lawrence Island.
SPRINGFIELD, Ill.-The Broy-
les bill requirement that school
teachers and many other public
employes take loyalty oaths was
signed into law yesterday by Gov.
William Stratton.
Unless the public employe swears
or affirms he is free of affiliation
with any subversive organization,
the new law says, his salary may
nnt h. edrawn frnm nhlic funds.
American Farm Group,
Sees Soviet Agriculture
MOSCOW (P)-The American farm delegation got its first look
at Soviet agriculture yesterday and came back to town impressed--
especially with the friendliness and hospitality of the people.
The 12 Americans visited a model collective farm and a state
farm, both in the Moscow region. Last night they took off on a
30-day tour of the Ukraine, central Asia and the virgin lands of Si-
beria.
At Looch, a collective farm 20 miles west of Moscow, they saw
some cows that would look good in any country." They watched
force-feeding of chickens which they said would be uneconomical
Question of Germany
The three Western leaders based their proposals for security
pacts on settlement of the German question. Solution of this
question, they agreed, must come first. Russia disagreed. Bulganin
said disarmament and security agreements should come first.
He proposed a two-stage security agreement that would lead
to withdrawal of all American forces from Europe, destruction of
the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, and limitation of the German
army to a package size job of about 200,000 soldiers.
Bulganin also suggested that Russia and the United States cut
their armed forces down to 112 million men each, with Communist
, China allowed a like number. Bri-
tain and France would each be
permitted to have 650,000 men
E Xperts under arms, with other nations
Ex er slimited to between 150,000 to 200,-
Austrian Treaty
As a beginning, he asked that
the troops which formerly occupied
portant Russians sat quietly yes- Austria - British, French, Ameri-
Zichard and Verda Alleman, young can and Russian - be demobilized
entively to their answers to ques- when they are withdrawn under
the Austrian state treaty,
s had inspected the Alleman farm Bulganin's two-stage security
they were interested in everything. proposals, envisage this procedure:
what they saw. 1. The states joining the sys-
to work on the farm?" asked one tem, which he said should include
all European countries and the
worked the farm themselves-with United States, would maintain
trd's father and brother on an their present obligations such as
so helpsthem once in a while. NATO in the West and the War-
-oes tesaw pact on the East.
an-Power2, "During the second stage the
e Russians that she did not work states enewould assume i
Y was the house and the chickens. full the treaty comnitments re-
e from beginning to end?" asked lated to the setting up of a col-
the Soviet Ministry of Agriculture lective security system in Europe,
photogenic personality are. be- with the simultaneous and com-
coming one of the leading features plete termination of the North At-
of this journey, lantic Treaty, the Paris agreements
The Alleman farm was the first and the Warsaw treaty while the
theAussianvisi e thersgroupings of states created on the
the ussansvisted.Befre heybasis of these arrangements would
return to the Soviet Union they be abolished and replaced by an
will see dozens more, not only in all-European system of collective
Towa but also in South Dakota, security."
in the United States. '
Russian Women
They were startled by the
amount of work on farms doneby
Russian women and an expen di-,
ture of labor which would shock
farmers at home. They were a lit-
tle dismayed by the efficient farm
nursery for children of working
women because "it lacked the fam-
ily life feeling we are accustomed
to."
Charles J. Hearst of Cedar Falls,
Iowa, and John M. Steddon of
Granger, Iowa, remarked that the
collective farmers claimed to be
making plenty of money but won-
dered how much these Russians
N
'WEAK FACTOR IN ECONOMY':
Jolin Discusses Russian Agricultural Problems
:t
0
(.
BY KEN JOHNSON
"Agriculture is one of the weak-
er factors in Russia's economy, and
thus in her ability to wage war,"
Lazar Volin said yesterday in a
speech presented at the Special
Seminar in Russian Studies.
Volin, who is with the United
States Deuartment of Agriculture,
pointed out that not only does
the Russian farmer have to con-
tend with the restricting factors
l'
vantages of smaller farms," he
said.
Volin pointed up the competition
that the Russian peasant, farming
his own tiny plot after working all
day on the collective or state farm,
has given the larger farms. He
said these tiny plots are generally
intensively farmed and that they
yield much more per acre than is
normal for the large farms.
'Political Consideration
political considerations, but also to
the rigors of a climate which ap-
proaches that of the northernmost
states in the United States, Volin
said. There is a great deal of loss
in agricultural products during the
harvesting, due to old fashioned
methods and equipment. Much of
this loss is being reduced however
as newer ways of harvesting are
being introduced, he predicted.
Nebraska, Minnesota and Califor-
nia.
The Americans asked Soviet
State Farm Director Petr Bab-
mindra about the farm he runs.
He explained that it has about
115,000 acres and 900 workers. He
has 100 combines to brig in its
harvest.
Typical Farm
Bahmindra's farm is higger than
Western Stand
The West made it absolutely
plain before the conference that
it would not agree to dissolve its
close treaty links. The Soviet view,
as set forth yesterday, calls for
the prior creation of a Soviet-in-
spired system of collective security
for Europe.
It also claimed that West Ger-
many's integration into Western
Union and NATO was the chief
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