m
WHAT'S IN A POEM?
See Page 2
Y
rr
Latest Deadline in the. State
4Ra iii
CLOUDY, COOLER
" - rr~llrriiii lr
;''
)L. LXV. NO. 28S
ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, THURSDAY, JULY 28, 1955
YOUR PAUrY
sraeli Plane
falls Inside
led Bulgaria
Four Americans
Listed on Board
Sec. Talbott Iie Sees Possibilit
To Dissolve Ie .S
Partnership £e
Was Mistaken'JOlECisit
In His Behavior_
ATHENS, Greece (P) - An Is-
raeli air liner crashed in Red
Bulgaria yesterday after radioing:
"We are going down in flames.
Trying forced landing."
At least four Americans and
five Soviet citizens were among
the 51 passengers aboard the four-
engine Constellation. It also car-
ried a crew of seven.
Greel authorities said Bulgarian
anti-aircraft gunners shot down
the plane. But a Greek soldier
who witnessed the incident from
across the nearby Greek-Bulgarian
frontier was quoted as saying he
was not 100 per cent certain that
the explosion did not come from
inside the plane.
Two Figures
The soldier, whose account was
released by the Greek Third Army
Corps headquarters, said he saw
two figures jump from the airliner
and one parachute opened. Para-
chutes are not normally carried in
-big commercial air liners.
The soldier said he heard an ex-
plosion before the crash and
throught it was the booming of
Bulgarian antiaircraft guns firing
at the plane but was not sure.
This eyewitness account appear-
ed to throw some doubt on the
-.earlier Greek gvernment state-
ment, which it said was based on
observations made by soldiers of
the 10th Greek army division in
Masedonia.
A communique issued jointly last
night in Tel Aviv by the Israeli
Communications Ministry and 'El
Al Airline also stated categorically
that the plane had been "fired on
by Bulgarian soldiers at a place
near the Greek-Yugoslav sic bor-
der." It attributed the claim to an
Athens report.
No News
The communique said there was
'no fresh news" regarding the
fate of the passengers and crew.
It added that an Israeli plane was
flying to Sofia last night with a
six-man inquiry commission.
The Greek 10th army division
said the airliner fell in the Mace-
doni n border area near Petritsi
and that all but perhaps one of
those aboard must be considered
dead. This report was amended
later to say Greek soldiers watch-
ing across the frontier minefield
had seen Bulgarian army ambul-
ances around the debris.
The Constellation, on a 2,300-
mile flight from London to Lydda,
Israel was on the angular Vienna-
Istanbul lg when the end came.
The normalroute lies across Aus-
tria, Yugoslavia and Greece. A
shift of only a few miles eastward,
however, would put a plane over
the heavily militarized area of
southwest Bulgaria.
Ike Pledges
DIXon-Yates
Stor in Full
WASHINGTON (A') - President
Dwight D. Eisenhower pledged
anew yesterday that Congress will
get the "entire story" of the Dix-
on-Yates contract, but the chair-
man of the Security & Exchange
Commission refused to answer cer-
tain questions about it at a Sen-
ate inquiry.
J. Sinclair Armstrong, the SEC
chairman, told the Senate investi-
gators he could not testify about
a July 13 conversation he had with
Sherman A d a m s, Eisenhower's
chief aide, concerning the contro-
versial private power contract.
Armstrong said he was' acting
on instructions from Atty. Gen.
Brownell, and that his refusal to
testify was based on the ground
that discussions within the execu-
tive branch of the government ar
not subject to congressional in-
quiry.
- Almost at the same time, the
President was telling his news
conference that he had issued
fresh orders to his subordinates to
lay the cards on the table in con-
nection with the Dixon-Yates in-
vestigation.
He said he was sure that Arm-
strong had given the entire story
to a Senate subcommittee headed
by Sen. Kefauver (DrEennJ. Cer-
tainly if Armstrong had omitted
arty details, the President said, he
MOROCCAN POLICE PROBLEM-A French policeman and his turbaned Moroccan colleague at
center restrain nationalist demonstrators during disorders in Meknes in which at least 15 nationalist
rioters were killed. French Resident General Gillsert Granoval's visit to Meknes touched off the
Moroccan wave of violence. Grandval was forced to cancel his tour after the demonstration.
'IMMATURE'-
StateArchitectureC icied
You can tell more about the
qualities of a man by seeing what
he makes of his home than by
reading volumes about him, Mid-
land Architect Alden B. Dow said
yesterday.
Speaking on "Michigan Archi-
tecture" at a special summer ses-
sion program devoted to "Michi-
gan," Dow , commentedthat the
state's interest in man-made
structures seldom goes beyond
their utility.
"We have the inexhaustiblej
energy of a child but intellectually
and spiritually we are miserably
immature." Dow added, however,!
that he finds Michi 'an's lack of
Illustrating this point with a is the stylized approach. It is
slide, Dow commented on Detroit's therefore not completely honest.
Woodward Avenue. "I would feel However, in other ways it is more
happier on this street driving a honest than many of our present-
bulldozer. It is quite obvious that day buildings. If you haven't
many of our teenagers fe'el as I walked around andthrough this
do. I building, you should do so, for
"They are unconsciously de- here is a piece of architecture that
manding the recognition of human
values so sadly lacking in this
scene.
Dow explained that he judges
the architectural quality of a
structure by the application of
three tests. First, is it honest:
next does it have humility; and
last does it have enthusiasm.
offers a stimulating experience."
Radical Party
'Speaks Aga in
In Argentina
WASHINGTON (P) - Secretary
of the Air Force Harold E. Tal-
bott acknowledged yesterday he
was "mistaken" in promoting his
private business from the Penta-
gon and announced he was giving
up the profitable partnership.
President Dwight D. Eisenhower
declared he himself would decide
whether Talbott has violated "a
proper standard of ethics" and
should leave the government.
There were reports that Talbott
has already resigned, but the
White House denied it.
These were the fast-breaking
developments as the Senate In-
vestigations subcommittee wound
up its public hearing on Talbott's
dual role of secretary of air and
partner in a private company.
Up to President
The next step is up to the Pres-
ident. He told a news conference
shortly before the hearings ended
that he wouldn't make his decision
until all the facts were in.
Talbott swore to the investigat-
ing senators that, "I never used
my position as secretary to pres-
sure a living soul to give the com-
pany business."
He said he was convinced he had
done nothing illegal or unethical
in connection with his partnership
in the Paul B. Mulligan Co., a New
York management consultant out-d
fit from which he drew $132,032 in
his rst two years as air secretary.
Admits Mistake
The 63-year-old official said.
however, "I now see that I was
mistaken in permitting myself tcf
make phone calls or write letters"
about Mulligan company affairs.
But he said he had no idea that
any sizeable defense contracts
were involved in the Mulligan af-
fairs. He said he left details to
his partner, Paul B. Mulligan.
As a matter of fact, Talbott said,
he became "quite angry" last Jan-
uary when officialsof the Radiol
Corp. of America challenged thel
propriety of signing a contractl
with Mulligan.
Successor Rumoredr .
Reports that Gov. George N.;i
Craig of Indiana is being consid-
ered for appointment as secretary
of the Air Force to succeed Harold
E. Talbott drew denials from Craig,z
his administrative assistant and
Presidental Press Secretary James
C. Hagerty.3
Craig was in Washington on aj
two-day visit which . included a
scheduled luncheon today with
Sherman Adams, assistant to the
President. His top aide here,
Administrative Assistant Doxie
Moore, said he had heard nothing
to indicate Craig was interested in
such an appointment or had been
contacted regarding it.
In Washington Craig told news-1
men "There is not a word of
truth" in reports he was called
there as a possible successor toZ
Talbott.3
-.-.
A
CARBINE CHECK - Prof. Merwin H. Waterman of the finance
department, one of the educators who visited the Fort Campbell
ROTC Summer Camp this week, listens to an explanation of the
workings of an Army carbine by cadets George W. Hill, '56 BAd,
and Richard A. Bonnette. Educators from 20 colleges made a two-
day tour of the camp. They were shown a demonstration by the
Army Aviation section and witnessed a parachute drop by the 11th
Airborne Division.
Tells Press
Conference
Of Geneva'
President Discusses
Domestic Affairs
WASHINGTON WP) - The pos-
sibility opened up yesterday
that President Dwight D. Eisen-
hower may visit Russia and Soviet
leaders may come to this country
as part of the new free-exchange-
of-visitors policy explored at the
Geneva conference.
The President told a news con-,
ference that exchange visits
"throughout the whole echelons of
government" were discussed in in-
formal talks between Western and
Soviet leaders, though he said no
definite invitations were issued.
Shortly afterward, British Prime
Minister Anthony Eden announced
in London that Soviet Premier
Nikolai Bulganin and Communist
party chief Nikita Khrushchev will
visit Britain next spring. This
could be the first of a series of
top-level visits across the Iron
Curtain.
By Red, U.S. Heads
3
J
1
M
maturity a challenge "because it' ±ne Law Quadrangle was called
means that our greatest growth is "one of the few buildings in Ann BUENOS AIRES, Argentina (P)-
ahead of us." . Arbor pleasantly related to its sur- President Juan D. Peron's govern-
"Judged from the standpoint of roundings. It has a great deal of ment let a radical party spokes-
this quality of stimulation, it is enthusiasm. There are no two man go on the air last night in
surprising how many expensive parts of it identical." ,the first broadcast granted the
structures are eliminated from the "Humility" Lauded opposition since Peron took power
list of real architecture. It is Dow praised the Law Quad for in 1945.
because they simply do not con- its humility, since its doorways The spokesman was Artuio
tribute to our individual health and arches are built to accomodate Frondizi, president of the Radi-
and happiness," he elaborated. a normal size man. "It's weakness cal's National Committee.
He seized the opportunity af-
forded by a 14-station network to
blast the Peron administration, de-
mand "a rebirth of democracy"
and outline a 10-point program
which he called essential for politi-j
By1,* McCarthy UW1n Cases 'cal peace.
OY A few hours before the broadcast
the Peronistapatnmeanw
WASHINGTON (PA)-Contempt charges against Corliss Lamont chiefrAlejandro Leoir. He is a
and two other men were thrown out of court yesterday. 49-year-old congressman, lawyer,
The trio had defied Sen. Joseph R. McCarthy (R-Wis.) during his reserve army officer and member
1953 probe of Communists in defense posts. of a wealthy cattle ranching fam-
Federal District Judge Edward Weinfeld said that to sustain i1y.
such an indcitment, it must show that McCarthy had proper congres- Leloir replaces Rear Adm. Al-
sional authority to conduct such an inquriy. president, who resigned the party
Weinfeld did not himself rule on the question of McCarthy's au- presidency in obedience to Peron's
thority. He merely said the indictment had failed to raise any such ar~ orders in the wake of the June 16
gument. Said the judge in his decision: revolt that government officials
"Thus the indictment is barren of any allegation or fact from give up political activity.
Congress Compromises,
On New Foreign Aid Bill
WASHINGTON (Ap-Senate-House conferees reached agreement
late yesterday on a foreign aid bill carrying about $2,900,000,000 of new
funds-some half a billion dollars less than President Eisenhower
requested.
House conferees succeeded in knocking out 420 million dollars
of increases voted by the Senate for military assistance and 50
million dollars the Senate had added to President Dwight D. Eisen-
hower's fund for Asian development.
Sen. Allen J. Ellender (D-La.), Who waged a futile floor battle
in the Senate to prevent increases of 566 million dollars said the
compromise "makes me feel good."
He said other Senate conferees agreed to the major reductions
s -,"because we found nearly 363 mil-
Road Buildinog
WASHINGTON (')-The House
yesterday defeated both Demo-
cratic and Republican plans for
multi-billion-dollar road building
programs.
Democratic and Republican
spikesmen agreed this means high-
way legislation is dead for the
year.
which the authority of the per-T
manent subcommittee to conduct GRO UND S
the inquiry can be ascertained."
Lamont, in his defense, had
claimed the McCarthy committee
never had any legal authorization
from the Senate for its investiga-S
tions, -
In a statement after the court's
decision was announced, Lamont
said:
"Since I was indicted for con-
tempt of Congress'for refusing to .
answer Sen. McCarthy's improper
questions, this decision is another
significant setback to congression-
al committees operating in an un-
lawful manner."~
Lamont, 53-year-old-son of a,
former J. P. Morgan partner, was
indicted last Oct. 14 with Abra-
ham Unger and Albert Shadowitz.
Two months earlier the Senate
had voted contempt citations
against all three and a grand jury'
had indicted them on the basis of
this recommendation.
Taking the First Amendment as
it relates to freedom of speech, '". ... :
Lamont refused to answer 23 ques-
tions put to him by McCarthy's
Permanent Investigations subcom- F: ...
mittee in 1953.k
7ERS' coRPS:
otters Watch from Union Roof
By MARGE PIERCY
On top of the Union tower, erected on the tarred roof, is a wooden
and glass shack from which men watch planes.
This is the local post of the Grouid Observer's Corps. The plane
spotters are civilians working on a purely volunteer basis.
"We have students, businessmen, laborers, housewives, elderly wom-
en," Ralph E. Morrill, supervisor of the Ann Arbor corps, remarked.
"One of our observers is partially blind. Since we work in groups
of two whenever possible, he can assist by virtue of his keen hear-
ing."
As soon as a spotter sights a four engine plane, he records it in a
log and calls the filter center in Grand Rapids from the phone in-
stalled on the roof. At the filter center are flight plans of every air-
line in the area, showing them where every plane should be located
every moment of the day.
Stray Planes
Any stray plane is reported to radar centers. The plane is "scram-
bled" and if necessary, interceptor jets can be sent out from bases
like Wayne County Airport.
There are about 55 observers at present in the Ann Arbor corps.
They each work at least a two hour shift once a week. During the reg-
ular school year, Air Force ROTC cadets man the station from mid-
night until 8:00 a.m.
The only requirement for observers is that they must be 18 years
old and "be able to tell an airplane from a butterfly and dial a tele-
phone," Morrill stressed. Observer's need to know nothing about
types of planes-, although charts and diagrams in the spotting shack
will give them any information they want.
"Interested in Livinga
lion dollars of oJd funds they didn't
even know they had."
Chairman Carl Hayden (D-'
Ariz.) of the Senate Appropriations
Committee said clerks now are
working out exact totals on the
big money bill, one of the must
measures before Congress ad-
journs.
Ellender said the conference de-
cided it could eliminate the 420-
million increase for military aid
voted by the Senate because 401
millions of funds previously voted
by Congress, but not earmarked,
could be used.
He said this included "302 mil-
lions that the Air Force received
in 1950-52' for use. in Indochina
which had been forgotten, another
33 million-plus approved by the
House but eliminated by the Sen-
ate, and 66 millions that they tele-
phoned us from Europe now is
available."
President Eisenhower had asked
200 millions for the Asian economic
development fund and the House
allowed only 100 millions. The
Senate upped this to 150 millions
but the conference cut it back to
100 milions with a provision that
the funds could be used until 1958.
Red Leaders
Return Home
MOSCOW (P)-With big smiles,
Premier Nikolai Bulganin and Ni-
kita Khrushchev returned to Mos-
cow yesterday from the Geneva
conference.
Shortly after they got back, it
was disclosed that they plan to go
abroad again - to Britain - in
the spring. Prime Minister Eden
told the British House of Commons
this had been arranged in private
Talks Possible
Eisenhower also said yesterday
a foreign minister level conference'
-one such as Sen. Walter F.
George (D-Ga.) has proposed --
between the United States and
Communist China could result
from the talks between ambassa-
dors of the two countries starting
next Monday in Geneva.
And he said he was inclined to
favor letting Russian arms inspec-
tors fly over any part of the United
States, even atomic Installations, if
his Geneva proposal for- an ex-
change of military blueprints be-
tween this country and the Soviet
Union should be accepted.
The President's meeting with
newsmen was highlighted by 1)
the heat, which drove many re-
porters to shed their jackets - for
the first time in the history of
White House news conferences,
and 2) the Senate investigation of
Secretary of the Air Force Harold
'K Talbott, a long-time personal
friend of the chief executive.
Talbott Decision
In a manner obviously reflecting
deep concern, Eisenhower said he
will decide persopally whether Tal-
bott has acted improperly and
should be fired for his private
business activities while a member
of the Little Cabinet. In general,
said the President, a government
official must be completely ethical
-and keep himself above suspi-
cion.
Eisenhower opened the news
conference by saying the Geneva
conference marked a beginning of
objective, no-name-calling dealings
between East and West, and: "If
we are wise enough to do our part,
it is possible that something to the
great benefit of man may eventu-
ate."
He went on to say, in answer to
questions, that he got along "ex-
cellently" with his old friend Mar-
shall Georgi Zhukov at Geneva-.
that in private talks the Soviet
defense minister "wanted to tell
me things about Russia in general,
or about the Soviet Union, about
what is happening there."
He said, too, Zhukov stressed tb-
him "the deep desire of the Soviets
for peace" and "their new concept
of collective leadership."
Minimum Wage
Effective Date Set
WASHINGTON (P) - A confer-
ence committee adjusting the $1-
an-hour minimum wage bills pass-
ed by House and Senate agreed
yesterday to make the effective
date of the legislation next
March 1. ,
The present minimum, for work-
ers in interstate commerce, is 75
cents. PresidentDniht D_ n
Heresy Trial
MILWAUKEE (A') - The heresy
trial of a young pastor - first in
the 60-year history of the United
.: ..,