m WHAT'S IN A POEM? See Page 2 Y rr Latest Deadline in the. State 4Ra iii CLOUDY, COOLER " - rr~llrriiii lr ;'' )L. LXV. NO. 28S ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, THURSDAY, JULY 28, 1955 YOUR PAUrY sraeli Plane falls Inside led Bulgaria Four Americans Listed on Board Sec. Talbott Iie Sees Possibilit To Dissolve Ie .S Partnership £e Was Mistaken'JOlECisit In His Behavior_ ATHENS, Greece (P) - An Is- raeli air liner crashed in Red Bulgaria yesterday after radioing: "We are going down in flames. Trying forced landing." At least four Americans and five Soviet citizens were among the 51 passengers aboard the four- engine Constellation. It also car- ried a crew of seven. Greel authorities said Bulgarian anti-aircraft gunners shot down the plane. But a Greek soldier who witnessed the incident from across the nearby Greek-Bulgarian frontier was quoted as saying he was not 100 per cent certain that the explosion did not come from inside the plane. Two Figures The soldier, whose account was released by the Greek Third Army Corps headquarters, said he saw two figures jump from the airliner and one parachute opened. Para- chutes are not normally carried in -big commercial air liners. The soldier said he heard an ex- plosion before the crash and throught it was the booming of Bulgarian antiaircraft guns firing at the plane but was not sure. This eyewitness account appear- ed to throw some doubt on the -.earlier Greek gvernment state- ment, which it said was based on observations made by soldiers of the 10th Greek army division in Masedonia. A communique issued jointly last night in Tel Aviv by the Israeli Communications Ministry and 'El Al Airline also stated categorically that the plane had been "fired on by Bulgarian soldiers at a place near the Greek-Yugoslav sic bor- der." It attributed the claim to an Athens report. No News The communique said there was 'no fresh news" regarding the fate of the passengers and crew. It added that an Israeli plane was flying to Sofia last night with a six-man inquiry commission. The Greek 10th army division said the airliner fell in the Mace- doni n border area near Petritsi and that all but perhaps one of those aboard must be considered dead. This report was amended later to say Greek soldiers watch- ing across the frontier minefield had seen Bulgarian army ambul- ances around the debris. The Constellation, on a 2,300- mile flight from London to Lydda, Israel was on the angular Vienna- Istanbul lg when the end came. The normalroute lies across Aus- tria, Yugoslavia and Greece. A shift of only a few miles eastward, however, would put a plane over the heavily militarized area of southwest Bulgaria. Ike Pledges DIXon-Yates Stor in Full WASHINGTON (A') - President Dwight D. Eisenhower pledged anew yesterday that Congress will get the "entire story" of the Dix- on-Yates contract, but the chair- man of the Security & Exchange Commission refused to answer cer- tain questions about it at a Sen- ate inquiry. J. Sinclair Armstrong, the SEC chairman, told the Senate investi- gators he could not testify about a July 13 conversation he had with Sherman A d a m s, Eisenhower's chief aide, concerning the contro- versial private power contract. Armstrong said he was' acting on instructions from Atty. Gen. Brownell, and that his refusal to testify was based on the ground that discussions within the execu- tive branch of the government ar not subject to congressional in- quiry. - Almost at the same time, the President was telling his news conference that he had issued fresh orders to his subordinates to lay the cards on the table in con- nection with the Dixon-Yates in- vestigation. He said he was sure that Arm- strong had given the entire story to a Senate subcommittee headed by Sen. Kefauver (DrEennJ. Cer- tainly if Armstrong had omitted arty details, the President said, he MOROCCAN POLICE PROBLEM-A French policeman and his turbaned Moroccan colleague at center restrain nationalist demonstrators during disorders in Meknes in which at least 15 nationalist rioters were killed. French Resident General Gillsert Granoval's visit to Meknes touched off the Moroccan wave of violence. Grandval was forced to cancel his tour after the demonstration. 'IMMATURE'- StateArchitectureC icied You can tell more about the qualities of a man by seeing what he makes of his home than by reading volumes about him, Mid- land Architect Alden B. Dow said yesterday. Speaking on "Michigan Archi- tecture" at a special summer ses- sion program devoted to "Michi- gan," Dow , commentedthat the state's interest in man-made structures seldom goes beyond their utility. "We have the inexhaustiblej energy of a child but intellectually and spiritually we are miserably immature." Dow added, however,! that he finds Michi 'an's lack of Illustrating this point with a is the stylized approach. It is slide, Dow commented on Detroit's therefore not completely honest. Woodward Avenue. "I would feel However, in other ways it is more happier on this street driving a honest than many of our present- bulldozer. It is quite obvious that day buildings. If you haven't many of our teenagers fe'el as I walked around andthrough this do. I building, you should do so, for "They are unconsciously de- here is a piece of architecture that manding the recognition of human values so sadly lacking in this scene. Dow explained that he judges the architectural quality of a structure by the application of three tests. First, is it honest: next does it have humility; and last does it have enthusiasm. offers a stimulating experience." Radical Party 'Speaks Aga in In Argentina WASHINGTON (P) - Secretary of the Air Force Harold E. Tal- bott acknowledged yesterday he was "mistaken" in promoting his private business from the Penta- gon and announced he was giving up the profitable partnership. President Dwight D. Eisenhower declared he himself would decide whether Talbott has violated "a proper standard of ethics" and should leave the government. There were reports that Talbott has already resigned, but the White House denied it. These were the fast-breaking developments as the Senate In- vestigations subcommittee wound up its public hearing on Talbott's dual role of secretary of air and partner in a private company. Up to President The next step is up to the Pres- ident. He told a news conference shortly before the hearings ended that he wouldn't make his decision until all the facts were in. Talbott swore to the investigat- ing senators that, "I never used my position as secretary to pres- sure a living soul to give the com- pany business." He said he was convinced he had done nothing illegal or unethical in connection with his partnership in the Paul B. Mulligan Co., a New York management consultant out-d fit from which he drew $132,032 in his rst two years as air secretary. Admits Mistake The 63-year-old official said. however, "I now see that I was mistaken in permitting myself tcf make phone calls or write letters" about Mulligan company affairs. But he said he had no idea that any sizeable defense contracts were involved in the Mulligan af- fairs. He said he left details to his partner, Paul B. Mulligan. As a matter of fact, Talbott said, he became "quite angry" last Jan- uary when officialsof the Radiol Corp. of America challenged thel propriety of signing a contractl with Mulligan. Successor Rumoredr . Reports that Gov. George N.;i Craig of Indiana is being consid- ered for appointment as secretary of the Air Force to succeed Harold E. Talbott drew denials from Craig,z his administrative assistant and Presidental Press Secretary James C. Hagerty.3 Craig was in Washington on aj two-day visit which . included a scheduled luncheon today with Sherman Adams, assistant to the President. His top aide here, Administrative Assistant Doxie Moore, said he had heard nothing to indicate Craig was interested in such an appointment or had been contacted regarding it. In Washington Craig told news-1 men "There is not a word of truth" in reports he was called there as a possible successor toZ Talbott.3 -.-. A CARBINE CHECK - Prof. Merwin H. Waterman of the finance department, one of the educators who visited the Fort Campbell ROTC Summer Camp this week, listens to an explanation of the workings of an Army carbine by cadets George W. Hill, '56 BAd, and Richard A. Bonnette. Educators from 20 colleges made a two- day tour of the camp. They were shown a demonstration by the Army Aviation section and witnessed a parachute drop by the 11th Airborne Division. Tells Press Conference Of Geneva' President Discusses Domestic Affairs WASHINGTON WP) - The pos- sibility opened up yesterday that President Dwight D. Eisen- hower may visit Russia and Soviet leaders may come to this country as part of the new free-exchange- of-visitors policy explored at the Geneva conference. The President told a news con-, ference that exchange visits "throughout the whole echelons of government" were discussed in in- formal talks between Western and Soviet leaders, though he said no definite invitations were issued. Shortly afterward, British Prime Minister Anthony Eden announced in London that Soviet Premier Nikolai Bulganin and Communist party chief Nikita Khrushchev will visit Britain next spring. This could be the first of a series of top-level visits across the Iron Curtain. By Red, U.S. Heads 3 J 1 M maturity a challenge "because it' ±ne Law Quadrangle was called means that our greatest growth is "one of the few buildings in Ann BUENOS AIRES, Argentina (P)- ahead of us." . Arbor pleasantly related to its sur- President Juan D. Peron's govern- "Judged from the standpoint of roundings. It has a great deal of ment let a radical party spokes- this quality of stimulation, it is enthusiasm. There are no two man go on the air last night in surprising how many expensive parts of it identical." ,the first broadcast granted the structures are eliminated from the "Humility" Lauded opposition since Peron took power list of real architecture. It is Dow praised the Law Quad for in 1945. because they simply do not con- its humility, since its doorways The spokesman was Artuio tribute to our individual health and arches are built to accomodate Frondizi, president of the Radi- and happiness," he elaborated. a normal size man. "It's weakness cal's National Committee. He seized the opportunity af- forded by a 14-station network to blast the Peron administration, de- mand "a rebirth of democracy" and outline a 10-point program which he called essential for politi-j By1,* McCarthy UW1n Cases 'cal peace. OY A few hours before the broadcast the Peronistapatnmeanw WASHINGTON (PA)-Contempt charges against Corliss Lamont chiefrAlejandro Leoir. He is a and two other men were thrown out of court yesterday. 49-year-old congressman, lawyer, The trio had defied Sen. Joseph R. McCarthy (R-Wis.) during his reserve army officer and member 1953 probe of Communists in defense posts. of a wealthy cattle ranching fam- Federal District Judge Edward Weinfeld said that to sustain i1y. such an indcitment, it must show that McCarthy had proper congres- Leloir replaces Rear Adm. Al- sional authority to conduct such an inquriy. president, who resigned the party Weinfeld did not himself rule on the question of McCarthy's au- presidency in obedience to Peron's thority. He merely said the indictment had failed to raise any such ar~ orders in the wake of the June 16 gument. Said the judge in his decision: revolt that government officials "Thus the indictment is barren of any allegation or fact from give up political activity. Congress Compromises, On New Foreign Aid Bill WASHINGTON (Ap-Senate-House conferees reached agreement late yesterday on a foreign aid bill carrying about $2,900,000,000 of new funds-some half a billion dollars less than President Eisenhower requested. House conferees succeeded in knocking out 420 million dollars of increases voted by the Senate for military assistance and 50 million dollars the Senate had added to President Dwight D. Eisen- hower's fund for Asian development. Sen. Allen J. Ellender (D-La.), Who waged a futile floor battle in the Senate to prevent increases of 566 million dollars said the compromise "makes me feel good." He said other Senate conferees agreed to the major reductions s -,"because we found nearly 363 mil- Road Buildinog WASHINGTON (')-The House yesterday defeated both Demo- cratic and Republican plans for multi-billion-dollar road building programs. Democratic and Republican spikesmen agreed this means high- way legislation is dead for the year. which the authority of the per-T manent subcommittee to conduct GRO UND S the inquiry can be ascertained." Lamont, in his defense, had claimed the McCarthy committee never had any legal authorization from the Senate for its investiga-S tions, - In a statement after the court's decision was announced, Lamont said: "Since I was indicted for con- tempt of Congress'for refusing to . answer Sen. McCarthy's improper questions, this decision is another significant setback to congression- al committees operating in an un- lawful manner."~ Lamont, 53-year-old-son of a, former J. P. Morgan partner, was indicted last Oct. 14 with Abra- ham Unger and Albert Shadowitz. Two months earlier the Senate had voted contempt citations against all three and a grand jury' had indicted them on the basis of this recommendation. Taking the First Amendment as it relates to freedom of speech, '". ... : Lamont refused to answer 23 ques- tions put to him by McCarthy's Permanent Investigations subcom- F: ... mittee in 1953.k 7ERS' coRPS: otters Watch from Union Roof By MARGE PIERCY On top of the Union tower, erected on the tarred roof, is a wooden and glass shack from which men watch planes. This is the local post of the Grouid Observer's Corps. The plane spotters are civilians working on a purely volunteer basis. "We have students, businessmen, laborers, housewives, elderly wom- en," Ralph E. Morrill, supervisor of the Ann Arbor corps, remarked. "One of our observers is partially blind. Since we work in groups of two whenever possible, he can assist by virtue of his keen hear- ing." As soon as a spotter sights a four engine plane, he records it in a log and calls the filter center in Grand Rapids from the phone in- stalled on the roof. At the filter center are flight plans of every air- line in the area, showing them where every plane should be located every moment of the day. Stray Planes Any stray plane is reported to radar centers. The plane is "scram- bled" and if necessary, interceptor jets can be sent out from bases like Wayne County Airport. There are about 55 observers at present in the Ann Arbor corps. They each work at least a two hour shift once a week. During the reg- ular school year, Air Force ROTC cadets man the station from mid- night until 8:00 a.m. The only requirement for observers is that they must be 18 years old and "be able to tell an airplane from a butterfly and dial a tele- phone," Morrill stressed. Observer's need to know nothing about types of planes-, although charts and diagrams in the spotting shack will give them any information they want. "Interested in Livinga lion dollars of oJd funds they didn't even know they had." Chairman Carl Hayden (D-' Ariz.) of the Senate Appropriations Committee said clerks now are working out exact totals on the big money bill, one of the must measures before Congress ad- journs. Ellender said the conference de- cided it could eliminate the 420- million increase for military aid voted by the Senate because 401 millions of funds previously voted by Congress, but not earmarked, could be used. He said this included "302 mil- lions that the Air Force received in 1950-52' for use. in Indochina which had been forgotten, another 33 million-plus approved by the House but eliminated by the Sen- ate, and 66 millions that they tele- phoned us from Europe now is available." President Eisenhower had asked 200 millions for the Asian economic development fund and the House allowed only 100 millions. The Senate upped this to 150 millions but the conference cut it back to 100 milions with a provision that the funds could be used until 1958. Red Leaders Return Home MOSCOW (P)-With big smiles, Premier Nikolai Bulganin and Ni- kita Khrushchev returned to Mos- cow yesterday from the Geneva conference. Shortly after they got back, it was disclosed that they plan to go abroad again - to Britain - in the spring. Prime Minister Eden told the British House of Commons this had been arranged in private Talks Possible Eisenhower also said yesterday a foreign minister level conference' -one such as Sen. Walter F. George (D-Ga.) has proposed -- between the United States and Communist China could result from the talks between ambassa- dors of the two countries starting next Monday in Geneva. And he said he was inclined to favor letting Russian arms inspec- tors fly over any part of the United States, even atomic Installations, if his Geneva proposal for- an ex- change of military blueprints be- tween this country and the Soviet Union should be accepted. The President's meeting with newsmen was highlighted by 1) the heat, which drove many re- porters to shed their jackets - for the first time in the history of White House news conferences, and 2) the Senate investigation of Secretary of the Air Force Harold 'K Talbott, a long-time personal friend of the chief executive. Talbott Decision In a manner obviously reflecting deep concern, Eisenhower said he will decide persopally whether Tal- bott has acted improperly and should be fired for his private business activities while a member of the Little Cabinet. In general, said the President, a government official must be completely ethical -and keep himself above suspi- cion. Eisenhower opened the news conference by saying the Geneva conference marked a beginning of objective, no-name-calling dealings between East and West, and: "If we are wise enough to do our part, it is possible that something to the great benefit of man may eventu- ate." He went on to say, in answer to questions, that he got along "ex- cellently" with his old friend Mar- shall Georgi Zhukov at Geneva-. that in private talks the Soviet defense minister "wanted to tell me things about Russia in general, or about the Soviet Union, about what is happening there." He said, too, Zhukov stressed tb- him "the deep desire of the Soviets for peace" and "their new concept of collective leadership." Minimum Wage Effective Date Set WASHINGTON (P) - A confer- ence committee adjusting the $1- an-hour minimum wage bills pass- ed by House and Senate agreed yesterday to make the effective date of the legislation next March 1. , The present minimum, for work- ers in interstate commerce, is 75 cents. PresidentDniht D_ n Heresy Trial MILWAUKEE (A') - The heresy trial of a young pastor - first in the 60-year history of the United .: ..,