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VU~La. I.L~ii, No. 22-S
ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, WEDNESDAY. JULY 22. 1953
wnyTi2 vAnwoi
ANN ARBOR. MICHIGAN. WFDNE~DAV JTTTN 22 1Q~1
S S
r~~T W 'JK MAULS~i
5
GILMORE REPORTS:
Did Germans
P*ullPunches?
(Editor's Note-Here is a glimpse back to the days of Stalin's war against
Hitler-and some of the questions about it that are still unanswered. Eddy
Gilmore, who has Just come out of Russia after serving 11 years there as
an AP correspondent, wrote this uncensored article while en route home
to the United States.)
t
Sea Jet
SAN DIEGO, Calif- - (R) --
The Navy unwrapped the
world's first jet fighter seaplane
in a public demonstration here
yesterday.
Instead of lifting out of the
water on floats or boat hull, the
new fighter skimmed off San
Diego bay on skis and climbed
into the air at great speed.
Armistice
Seems
Near;
Red
Koreans
Optimistic
41
fi By EDDIE GILMORE
PARIS-(P)-At the end of the Russian-German war I was in
Moscow with one mighty conclusion and two huge question marks.
f The conclusion-The Russian people love their country, no mat-
ter who's in charge. And they'll fight for it and fight well.
The questions:
1. Where were all the dead I never did see on numerous visits
to the front from 1942 to 1945?
2. Why didn't the Germans ever seriously bomb Moscow?
* * , *
TIMEAND AGAIN we would read of a tremendous victory a
how 25,000 or 75,000 or 150,000 Germans had been killed. Then we'd
get to the scene of the battle. Sometimes just a couple of days after
it took place. But there were never many bodies lying about, German
or Russian.
A big fight had been reported for Mozhaisk in the early days
of 1942. The mercury was 50 degrees below zero when we were
taken by automobiles from Moscow to Mozhaisk.
For miles we saw German tanks, silent and abandoned. There
were long rows of them. Groups of three or four. Singles. All along the
old Mozhaisk Road, for the snow was deep on either side of the road
and this was a war up and down roads. We'd get out and look. No
dead inside. No bomb craters around. No signs of antitank fire.' No
holes in the tanks. Just frozen solidly.
** * *
THE BODIES of soldiers along the road, and there were never
many of them, were frozen and as far as I could tell, unwounded. But,
I'll admit it would be difficult to detect a bullet hole, etc., in that
kind of cold.
We got to Mozhaisk and listened to a Red army officer describe
the battle. It-was gigantic. When he finished we asked to see the
bodies of all the German dead he'd been talking about.
He said they'd been buried.
"Already?" asked one of the party.
"Yes," he replied.
t "Then let us see the graves."
"It has snowed," he said without hesitation, "and the snow has
covered the graves. The place would look just like an ordinary snow-
covered field."
* * * * -
ONCE WE READ of a bitter fight for a bank building in Kharkov.
A group of Germans, a hundred or more strong, were finally driven
to the roof and there the battle finally ended. We read this in Moscow.
Three days later I stood in front of this bank.
A few windows were broken, but most were intact. One hole
looked as if it had been made by artillery fire.
"Why isn't it more damaged?" I asked after being taken through1
the building, which looked in fair order for the scene of a battle. J
"Our fighters," said my guide, "picked them off the roof, one by
one, like you shoot crows sitting on a'telegraph wire."
I WANT TO WRITE nothing here that will in any way belittle
the Russian war effort, for that would be nonsense as well as unfair.
But I just don't understand about the lack of bodies and those stories.
I've related this to many a soldier and they haven't given me the
answer either.t
But I've approached the conclusion that more Germans, R-
manians and Italians were taken prisoner on the Eastern Frontf
than were killed.-
I was at Stalingrad and I saw that line of prisoners. A never-to-
be-forgotten sight. Hundreds and hundreds of them filing past all dayq
long and into the night. Going east over the frozen Volga to prisont
camp.F
* . * *
AND I'VE SEEN German, Romanian and Italian prisoners att
other places around Russia. And Japanese prisoners. They must havei
been captured by the thousands, especially in the last days of the war.F
I was in Moscow for most of the air raids. Bombs fell and did somea
damage. But I had seen London and Plymouth and Coventry, and all 1
the bombed cities of England. And I'd sat through raids in London
and Plymouth.a
What happened to Moscow was nothing in comparison. Yetb
Moscow was the hub of Soviet communications. The seat of gov-b
ernment. War traffic had to \pass to and fro. Yet no real raid.
Moscow had and still has a great many wood houses and build-
ings. A setup for a fire raid. Yet no fire raids..
Was this a case of the Germans not wanting to devastate or burn A
down the city they felt sure they were eventually going to occupy?
Even after Zhukov threw them back from the gates? Did they feel A
sure they'd come on again and take it? It was a bitter winter and w
maybe they wanted a city, not a shell. i
* * *w
I VISITED some of Moscow's prize antiaircraft stations. They c
were adequate. One showed an award. It was for shooting down two f
planes.,s
I never had any near misses in Moscow, but we almost got killedt
at an American air base in Poltava one night. In the days of the bestT
cooperation that the Americans and Russians achieved, we had threei
shuttle bomb bases in the Ukraine, e
Russia Asks,
U.S. Tlo_ stop
High E. German
Chiefs Arrested
-Daily-Lon Qui
FAITHFUL WIFE, PLAYED BY DOROTHY GUTEKUNST,
COMFORTS HUSBAND JERRY McDONOUGH
* * * *
'Country Girl' To Opent
In MendelssohnToday
Clifford Odets' "Country Girl" has been described as "a pla
about people who play in plays."
Coming to the Lydia Mendelssohn stage tonight, the third pres
entation of the speech department's summer playbill will feature Jerr
McDonough, Grad., in the role of Frank Elgin, the down and out ac
tor who has taken to drink.
Dorothy Gutekunst, Grad., will play his wife, Georgie, Whos
long, unpleasant life in the back.
stage background has almost oblit
K orean Airerated her own personality.
Korea Air,* * *
* s * *
Land Fighting
Eased by Rain
SEOUL-(W)-Rain fell across
the relatively inactive Korean
battle line Monday night and
fighting has eased, both on the
ground andin the air.
The U. S. 8th Army communi-
que reported the only major ac-
tion during yesterday was in the
Kumsong sector of the East-Cen-
tral Front. South Korean troops
there hurled back an early morn-
ing assault by about 750 Chinese
Reds south of Lookout Mountain
and gained five of six hill objec-
tives in small attacks.
The 5th Air Force in a special
announcement reported that two
U. S. Sabre jets were shot down
by Russian-built MICs on Mon-
day. They were the first Sabres
destroyed in combat by Red jets
since May 17. Sabres downed 131
MIGs during the same period, the
Air Force said.
From May 16 through July 17
Air Force records showed 10 Sabres
were lost to other causes, includ-
ng engine failure, and 13 more
were shot down by Red antiair-
raft fire. The 13 hit by ground
ire were on fighter-bomber mis-
ions and not hunting for MIGs.
The announcement of Monday's
wo combat losses was unusual.
The Air Force normally reports
ts lossesonly in a weekly summary
ach Saturday.
HAILED by critics as Odets' bes
play in years, "Country Girl" "rep
resents a genuine comeback for
man who knows the theater, live
it and loves it."
Analogies have been drawn be-
tween Odets' career and that of
Frank Elgin. The author him-
self experienced success early in
his career, and like the hero of
his drama, he fell into a slump
in the mtiddle of his career.
His come-back with "Countr
Girl" has been termed similar t
that attempted by Elgin in th
play. The dramatic character, upon
offered a big part in a new pla;
faces the problem of, pulling him
self together.
UNDER the constant watchful-
ness and encouragement of Geor-
gie and the director whose entiri
reputation depends on Elgin's per
formance, the actor works to make
his come-back.
Directed by Prof. Monroe Lipp-
man, here for three weeks on leave
from Tulane University where h
is Chairman of the Department of
Theatre and Speech, the play wl
run through Saturday.
FEATURED in the cast are Don
Shanower, Grad., James Briley
Grad., William Taylor, Grad; Joe:
Sebastian, '54, and Beverly Blan-
cett, '54.
All performances will begin at
8 p.m.
Tickets for the play are on sale
daily at the Lydia Mendelssohn
boxoffice. Prices are $1.20, $.90 and
$.60.
BERLIN-()-Russia demand- ,
ed yesterday that the United States
stop supplying free'food to hungry
East Germans.
And at the same time six im-
portant officials of the East Ger-
man Justice Ministry now ruled
by hardboiled "Red Hilde" Ben-
jamin, were reportedly arrested on
her direct orders. The announce-
ment came from the Norwest Ger-
man radio.
* * *
THOSE ARRESTED in the Jus-
tice Ministry included two depart- THE T
ment chiefs, Dr. H. Reinartz and by reti
Fritz Boehme. In addition, the medita
Communist prosecutor at Halle, aid sta
Wetner Kampsrad, was reported munist
dismissed in disgrace for having
shown leniency to the strikers
Halle was the scene of some of the
heaviest anti-Communist fighting G
June 17.
On the food battle line, the
Russians charged the American
y charity was aimed at stirring up
an anti-Communist revolt.
- Soviet High Commissioner Vla- Wid
'y dimir Semyenov dispatched a 'aWcd
- bristling note demanding that U. draft ca
S. authorities take "immediate Hershey
e measures to stop these illegal and Wils
- inadmissable actions." draft cal
- s* * *
THE COMMUNISTS both In BUT
Moscow and satellite East Berlin not have
t spurned President Eisenhower's in draft
- offer of 11 days ago to send 15 mil- range vi
a lion dollars worth of American the natio
s food to ease conditions in hungry
East Germany. He de
Eisenhower renewed his offer Wilson's
July 20 just a few hours before Wilson
the Communist East German necessary
government announced that and 18,0
Russia had agreed to supply an the natio
extra 57/2 million dollars worth 3 to 3%
of food, but that East Germany
y would have to pay for it with
0 manufactured goods. AS FO
e Meanwhile, the United States truce, the
n and West German officials con- it looks r
y tinued to make every effort to get as good a
food to hungry East Germans de- past two
spite the Red ban on direct ship- Draft
ments. about 23
1,450,000
e OXnam, House up since
sumedi
after the
Korea
Group Clash' Kra
- Wilson
e over Charges about 90
ed before
f substant
I WASHINGTON - (A) - Bishop
G. Bromley Oxnam and theHouse T
Un-American Activities Commit- JAZZ C
1 tee clashed yesterday in an hour's-
, long session in which committee
I members sought to identify him/
with Communist causes and he re-
torted by accusing the commit-
tee of "bearing false witness"
against him.
Time and again, an overflow
crowd of 500 applauded the Meth- "The
odist bishop and jeered at the of the Bl
committee. Seven
* * *
BISHOP OXNAM acknowledged teak bad
that he had belonged to some or- tl ae
ganizations the committee said
had been cited as subversive. Bu, COM
he said they hadn't been cited Handy wi
when he was connected with them thrown a
and that if any of them were sub- the songs
versive, he had no knowledge of their mel
it when he joined. time and
And, the bishop said, a lot of Borna
things about him in the com- 17, 1873,
mittee files just aren't true. lie the Ema
had plenty of sharp words for Handy w
the committee, asserting that it dist mini
had been playing "into Commu- to perfor
nist hands ... by bearing false except thl
witness against fellow Ameri- But Ha
cans." together $
* * * tary-valve
THE BISHOP made this remark play with
in a highly unusual 15-minute edge.
THINKER-A wounded Chinese Red Soldier, left behind
reating buddies on Korea's east central front, seems to be
ting his fate as he sits in a UN jeep which took him to an
tion behind the lines for treatment. Meanwhile the Com-
s agreed to begin preparations for signing a truce.
rshey, Wilson Differ
er Post-Truce Draft
By The Associated Press
eAy differing estimates on the effect of a Korean truce on
lls came from national selective service director Lewis B.
and Secretary of Defense Charles Wilson yesterday.
on said that a Korean truce may make it possible to cut
is by 5,000 to 8,000 men a month.
* * * *
GEN. HERSHEY said in Cheyenne, Wyo., that a truce would
much effect on draft calls. He added that while a "breather"
requirements would be nice" it was necessary to take a long-
ewpoint in maintaining
n's military manpower.
lined direct comment on
statement.
said it would still be
to call up between 15,000
00 in Qrder to maintain
n's armed forces at from
million.
DR the prospects of a
Secretary said, "I think
reasonably good, perhaps
as it has any time in the
years."
calls are now running
,000 a month. More than
men have been called
selective service was re-
i September 1950 soon
outbreak of fighting in
estimated it would be
days after a truce is sign-
draft calls could be cut
ally.
Denounce West
Balloon Action.
MUNICH, Germany - (A) -
Communist Czechoslovakia yes-
terday denounced a recent free-
dom balloon barrage from the West
as a "provocative action designed
to increase the cold war."
American sponsors of the bal-
loon barrage were delighted at the
reaction.'
"This shows that the 'Winds of
Freedom' operation was very effec-
tive," said a spokesman for Ra-
dio Free Europe. "We always get
such a reaction when we hit the
target."
Thousands of leaflets urging
the Czechs to resist their Red lead-
ers were ballooned eastward into
Czechoslovakia from Bavarian soil
the night of July 13 by the Amer-*
ican-sponsored Crusade For Free-
dom committee.
Discontented
ROKs Want
Guarantees
Reds Say Peace
May BeUneasy
PANMUNJOM - () - The
task of ironing out last details for
a Korean armistice was narrowed
yesterday to one meeting of staff
officers, underscoring prospects
that the actual signing could take
place within a week.
Red North Korea's radio exuded
optimism, saying only four points
remained to be threshed out be-
for "a very early armistice sign-
ing."
IN SOUTH KOREA there were
rumblings of discontent.
Red China cocked an ear for
each rumbling and amplified it
over the Peiping radio by way
of warning that even a signed
armistice might prove an uneasy
one.
Even so, liaison officers were ex-
pected to meet shortly and.ar-
range for the session of the full
truce delegations at which the
signing date would be picked.
Allied an Communist staff offi-
eers mappingout a cease-fire line
met again last night. It was the
only session scheduled.
SOUTH KOREAN government
leaders close to President Syng-
man Rhee said South Korea "may
change its attitude" about not ob-
structing a truce unless some
awaited assurances are forthcom-
ing from Washington.,
After 16 days of conferences,
President Eisenhower's special
truce envoy, Walter S. Robert-
son, got Rhee's written promise
not to obstruct a truce. But
South Korean government lead-
ers said Robertson took back to
Washington two questions which
could only be answered on a
higher level.
One, the officials said, related to
what the United States would do
in event a post-armistice political
conference failed to unify Korea.
The other related to what guar-
antees the United States. would
make to stop possible new Red
aggression.
IN WASHINGTON, Secretary of
State Dulles told a news confer-
ence he was unaware of any 'quali-
fications in Rhee's promise not to
obstruct a truce.
Red North Korea's Pyong-
yang radio said last night that
the truce line was one of four
unsettled points. It listed them
as:
"1. Straightening out the Ko-
rean, Chinese and English transla-
tions of the armistice document.
"2. Recharting the military
boundary and buffer zone as a re-
sult of Communist forces' recent
ground gains.
"3. Security assurances for In-
dian troops to supervise the pris-
oner exchange.
"4. Minute details relative to
armistice signing."
The Pyongyang radio said,
"There are perceptible signs
pointing to the likelihood of a very
early armistice signing."
Peiping again emphasized that
one thing which must be settled
before any armistice signing was
the safeguarding of Indian troop:
* * *
UN on Alert
For Armistice
UNITED NATIONS, N.Y. - M
- UN delegates are making ready
for a full meeting of the 60-na-
tion General Assembly on Korea;
beginning Aug. 12 if a truce is
signed at Panmunjom this week.
The diplomats also were shap-
ing up plans yesterday for the Ko-
rean political conference to be
nnlon riOfl A , I.. +. -,fa a .rn
I
I'
i
Soviet Meeting
Postponement
Called by Reds
MOSCOW - (R) - The Soviet
press announced yesterday that
the Supreme Soviet meeting sched-
uled for July 27 has been post-
poned until Aug. 5.
The announcement gave no rea-
son for the postponement. r-
THE CALL for it to meet was
dispatched by the Kremlin July
15. It was expected then that a
chief pnrnn nf the metino wourl
'REDS FEAR NATO':
Gross Calls Containment Wise Idea
COMPOSER:
r. C. Handy To Discuss
irth of Blueps' Today
St. Louis Blues" man, W. C. Handy will discuss the "Birth
ues" at 8 p.m. today in Rackham Lecture Hall.
nth lecturer in the summer symposium on Popular Arts in
Handy will provide his own musical illustrations for the
on the spirit and folk roots of jazz.
POSER OF "Beale Street Blues" and "Memphis Blues,"
ll trace jazz back to its African origin. He will explain how,
mong workmen of the South, he caught the significance of
of railroad men, field hands, miners and stevedores, weaving
xdies into "blues," rag-' * * *
even spirituals.+
at Florence, Ala., Nov.
only eight years after
ncipation Proclamation,
as the son of a Metho-
ster who forbad his son
m on any instrument
e church organ.'
ndy managed to scrape:
$1.75 to purchase a ro-,
cornet he learned to
out his parents' knowil-
<"
"Let's not be overenthusiastic,
but the patient philosophy of con-
tainment seems to have been wise,"
Prof,. Feliks Gross, of the sociol-
ogy dept. of Brooklyn College,
said in a lecture yesterday.
Pointing out "wars, conquests,
and aggression have always: been
planned years ahead," Prof.
Gross warned that "we can no
longer afford not to plan peace.
Peacemaking is a continuous pro-
cess."
European democracies in a con-
sultant body."
In looking to the future, Prof.
Gross said, "We must plan for the
integration of the liberated satel-
lite nations of Europe into a func-
tional unit of cooperation."
National committees which rep-
resent the satellite nations of Cen-
tral and Eastern Europe are giv-
ing serious consideration to the
future of their enslaved home-
lands within the European com-
EUROPE'S Coal and Iron Au-
thority, which does away with tar-
iffs and taxes, creating a coal and
iron community, is an important
step in the movement of European
Cooperation, he said pointing out
that it is almost impossible to im-
prove the living conditions in Eu-
rope without a change in the eco-
nomic system.
This type of cooperation is an
example of a functional region-
al unit working in the best in-