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.± Ycsan Vl~il~3t1AN, VJ2EiJNL6JJA, AUGUST 12i, L1J53 FOUR PAGEC
Solons Find
Ammunition
Stoeks Short
End of Shortage
May Come Soon
WASHINGTON - () - Inves-
tigating seifators reported yester-
day that except in Korea, this
country's worldwide stocks of am-
munition are "inadequate for an
all-out war."
But they quickly added that the
Korean truce and a rapid expan-
sion. of ammunition production in
recent months should soon end the
shortages.
* , *
"WITHIN A YEAR we should
have achieved a readiness posture
never heretofore attained," the
senators predicted.
A
Wayne 'U' Faculty
To AideProbe
Staff Bans Use of Fifth Amendment
To Balk Committee Investigations
DETROIT-(P)-In a move believed unprecedented, members of
the Wayne University faculty pledged yesterday that none of their
number would be permitted to invokle the Fifth Amendment to avoid
answering questions of Congressional Committees probing Com-
munism.
The statement was drawn up by a council picked from among
1,000 faculty members after 18 months' study and consideration. It
was presented to the Detroit Board of Education yesterday.
PRESIDENT CLARENCE B. Hilberry said the statement amounts
to a promise from faculty members that there is no subversion among
them. It is believed to be the first
** -j- -g of its kind in any American col-
lege or university.
Women Prisoners Returned
POW Exchange
Proceeds; Fifty
i
GIs Repatriated
Russian Trucks Convey American
Captives To Safety of Panmunjom
PANMUNJOM-(A')-Truckloads of smiling but subdued American
war prisoners reached the freedom gates today at Panmunjom, open-
ing the eighth day of "operation Big Switch."
Fifty Americans hopped from the convoy of the white canvas-
topped Russian built trucks used by the Reds. They were the first
of 400 Allied captives to be released at the start of the second week
of the exchange.
I
the report, after weeksc
secret staff studies, came froe
a special Senate Armed Service
Subcommittee headed by Sen
ator Smith (R-Me.).
It contrasted with a highly cri
cal report from the same gro
in May which said "there was
needless loss of American lives"
Korea because of ammuniti
shortages.
of
m
es
n-
ti-
up
a
in
on
THAT scorching criticism said
practically every responsible mili-
tary and civilian official was at
fault for shortages resulting from
"inefficiency, waste and unbeliev-
able red tape."r
Yesterday's "progress report"
listed "measured improvement"
in Korea prior to the truce. It
said "United States forces were
able to conduct some of the
heaviest fighting in Korea dur-
ing June and July without fear
of a shortage-of ammunition."
The report stressed that for the
most part the Korean fighting had
been carried on for two years from
ammunition stockpiles remaining
from World War II.
Ulbricht Axes
Red Leaders
In Four Cities
BERLIN-M-Communist Boss
Walter Ulbricht struck down Red
party leaders in four big industrial
cities yesterday.
The Lenin-bearded deputy pre-
mier, mouthing charges of treason,
swung the ax against top Com-
munist officials in Dresden, Mag-
deburg, Halle and Chemnitz.
S s
HE RIPPED into the Commun-
ist provincial leadership after dis-
gracing or jailing 6 of the 16 mem-
bers and alternates in the Polit-
buro, the party's supreme execu-
.tive, since the June 27 revolt. In
the background was fresh East
German labor trouble.
Fourteen thousand employes
in the Matyas -Rakosi coking
plant at Lauchhammer, Saxony
-East Germany's largest-are
fighting the Communist blockade
of free American food in Berlin
with repeated work stoppages,J
it was disclosed last night.-
Workers who evaded Red police
barriers to reach Berlin said cok-
ing operations were stopped last
Friday and Saturday, and have
been crippled this week.
EIGHTY THOUSAND East Ger-
mans, half from the provinces and
the rest from the Soviet sector of
Berlin, received American-financed
food here yesterday despite Com-
munist efforts to wreck the pro-
gram.
About 2,190,000 parcels have
been distributed in 16 days. The
give-away will halt Saturday for
"technical reorganization" and re-
sume Aug. 27.
Grey To Talk
On T-poscope
A new electronic apparatus for
the investigation of the function
of the brain will be demonstrated
by Dr. W. Grey Walter of Bristol,
England, during his lecture at
4:00 p.m. tomorrow at the Univer-
sity Hospital.
This apparatus, called toposcope,
designed and made by Doctor Wal-
ter, is quite different from the or-
dinary brain wave machine (elec-
r
l
To Give Last
Arits Lecture
Last talk of the summer's sym-
posium on "Popular Arts in Amer-
ica," will feature well-known au-
thor, critic, director and producer
Gilbert Seldes at 4:15 p.m. today
in Auditorium A, Angell Hall.
Seldes will discuss "Popular Arts
in America."
At present a critic for the Sat-
urday Review, he was director of
television for the Columbia Broad-
casting System from 1937 to 1945.
* * *
Dean Arthur Neef of the
Wayne law school said that any
faculty member questioned by a
congressional group would be
called before a special commit-
tee of teachers and administra-
tors if he tried to hide behind
the Fifth Amendment.
That would involve answering
any question with the words: "1
refuse to answer on the ground
that it might incriminate me."
* * *
NEEF said the Fiftl Amend-
ment provides protection only for
those whose answers really would
incriminate them. "Other persons
have no right under the law to re-
fuse to answer any and all ques-
tions asked by a Congressional in-
vestigating committee," he said.
"If he persists in invoking
the Fifth Amendment he truly
is in contempt of the Congres-
sional group and probably would
be disimissed from the university
staff for lack of mature judge-
ment," Neff said.
President Hilberry said he felt
the statement was of "tremendous
importance" since it came from
the faculty's own council.
* *
HILBERRY EXPLAINED that
across the country there is great
fear and unrest among teachers
regarding their freedom to teach
and study all subjects and said
that Wayne University's policy
statement will:
1-Allay fears of teachers about
their position.
2-Make sure that nothing sub-
versive occurs on the campus.
"We are proud that our faculty
has come forward with this state.
went,". Hilberry said, "and we
are sure that we have nothing
to fear from investigating com-
mittees."
The faculty also planned to set
up two committees. One would
question any faculty members who
invoke the fifth amendment and
give them a chance to clear them-
selves.
The other committee would
make a continuing study of the
entire problem of academic free-
dom and academic responsibility."
THE FIRST AMERICANS, garbed in faded
forms which indicated long months of captivity,
PARIS - (A) - France's labor
unions; furious over Premier Jo-
seph Lanliel's economy decrees,
last night ordered hundreds of
thousands of workers to join the
more than a million who have
ham-strung the country with the
second general strike in less than
a week.
* * *
"EVERYONE'S clamoring to get
out of the country," said an official
of the American Express. "We
can't keep up with demands for air
passage."
Cook's travel agency was try-
ing desperately to care for 506
invalid Irish pilgrims, returning
from Lourdes, who were blocked
in Paris. An Irish air line was
expected to send a Flying Box-
car for 16 stretcher cases.
In Southern France, 140 touring
workers of the General Electric
Company from Fort Wayne, Ind.,
were stuck in Nice, and American
Express sent two Constellations to
bring them to Paris.
Rumors Say
Porter's U'
Visit Dubious
The noted American short story
author, Katherine Anne Porter,
who was appointed as a visitingI
lecturer in the English departmentI
for the 1953-54 year, may not ac-
cept the position it was learned
yesterday.
According to one professor, ne-
gotiations are now under way with
Miss Porter concerning the ap-
pointment. He claimed that the
situation is a little "touchy" at
present. No further comment w s
added.
Miss Porter is tentatively sched-
uled to teach a course in creative
writing and a course in contem-
porary poetry or literary criticism.
BOTH THE United States Lines their fears about proposed govern-
and the French Transatlantic Ship ment reform decrees are'unfound-
, Company scurried about trying to
line up enough buses to transport
the more than 1,000 passengers
due to land in channel ports in the
next few days. The liner United
States is to arrive at Le Havre
tomorrow.
About 400,000 French railroad,
workers, 200,000 postal, tele-
phone and telegraph employees{
and several hundred thousand
coal miners were out.
The Socialist Workers' Force late
today formally ordered its mem-
bers in the public utilities-gas
and electricity-to go on strike.
Most workers at the big Paris gas
plants and those in the resort city
of Nice had quit anyway, without
a formal order.
UNIONS of the Paris subway
and bus systems voted to stage a
24-hour strike beginning this
morning. That means several hun-
dred thousand Parisians will have
to walk to work or take taxis.
All signs pointed to a worsen-
ing of the situation and a repeti-
tion of last week's vast walkout
of two million workers, which af-
fected practically all sectors of
government service.
Government sources said offi-
cials were busy throughout the day
explaining to labor leaders that
GILBERT SELDES
... Saturday critic
TEARS OF JOY?-A group of North Korean women prisoners, a mixture of Communist nurses, wives,
helpers and camp followers captured with Communist soldiers, sob and cry at Panmunjom in the
fifth exchange of POW's. The 437 women comprising the first group of women prisoners staged such
a violent demonstration that tear gas had to be used.
France's Strikes Cause Tourist Pantic
ed.
The strike wave began last week
in protest against government
plans to raise the retirement age
of many state employes and elim-
inate many part-time jobs. The
walkouts were launched by the
non-Communist unions.
Spending Cut
Order Given
By Eisenhower
DENVER-President Eisenhower
yesterday ordered new cuts in Fed-
eral spending to reduce the pres-
sure on the Federal debt limit and
lessen the need for calling a spec-
ial session of Congress this fall.
According to the United Press,
he sent an urgent letter to de-
partment and agency heads ask-
ing that "every possible" slash be
made in current spending and
that the brakes be slapped on bud-
get estimates for the 1955 fiscal
year beginning next June 30.
* * *
THE PRESIDENT also conferred
yesterday for 90 minutes with
Adm. Arthur W. Radford, new
chairman of the Joint Chiefs of
Staff who briefed the chief execu-
tive on the latest world informa-
tion gathered by the Defense De-
partment.
Radford later told reporters
that while he did not discuss the
subject with the President, he
thought recent Russian claims
of having their own hydrogen
bomb represented something
more than a "figment of Soviet
imagination."
The White House said the Bud-
get Bureau notified all department
heads to have their fiscal 1955
budget estimates in the hands of
Budget Director Joseph M. Dodge
by Sept. 15.
blue Chinese uni-
appeared healthy.
The 50 men smiled as they
hopped down from the trucks as
each man's name was called out
by the United Nations exchange
officers at the Allied reception
center.
But there were no outbursts of
joy, such as on previous days. The
men today remained subdued.
A SHORT time later, lines of
Russian-built ambulances pulled
up loaded with sick and wounded
South Korean soldiers.
Behind these came more can-
vas-topped trucks with 24 able
bodied South Koreans. *These
men were calm and quiet as they
waited turn to climb down from
the trucks.
Once again the disabled South
Koreans formed a pain-racked,
pitiful sight as they were tenderly
lifted from the ambulances onto
litters.
HELICOPTERS whirled noisly
by, quickly picking up the sick
and wounded to rush them to hos-
pitals.
U. S. ambulances and trucks
at the same time drove north-
ward with their consignments of
returning Communist prisoners.
The North Korean captives sang,
but this morning they seemed more
subdued than usual. Some waved
North Korean flags with a lacka-
daisical air.
* * *
NONE OF the Reds had started
their usual daily demonstrations of
clothes tearing as they wheeled
past the exchange point enroute
to the Communist reception cen-
ter about half a mile up the road.
The Americans were loaded in-
to waiting ambulances for the
drive - to Freedom Village at
Munsan, where they will take the
first step in the processing lines
for their trip home.
Quiet efficiency set the atmos-
phere in the exchange operation
this morning as the exchange
workers performed their jobs swift-
ly and smoothly.
. * *
THE COMMUNISTS suddenly
announced during today's ex-
change that 25 Americans and 25
British in the last group to be
released would be delayed 21/2
hours.
Two hours later the Commun-
ists would give no cause for the
delay except "administrative rea-
sons."
s 0ss
Seldes also has been a radio pro-
ducer for CBS, and wrote "Ameri-
cans All-Immigrants All," prize
winning series on immigration and
national backgrounds of Ameri-
cans.
He co-produced, edited and
wrote the narration for an or-'
iginal seven-reel news picture,
"This Is America." Currently Sel-
des is working on a new book
based on the popular arts since
1925.
Americans
Bitter About
Informers
By the Associated Press
Most of the 100 American ps-
oners who were returned from
Communist stockades Monday
were bitter at fellow Americans
who turned informer in prison
camps and worked with their Red
captors.
The Army promised a swift in-
vestigation of those accused of
turning informer. Some of the
accused were among those return
ed yesterday.
* *
THE LIST of prisoners on the
first day of the second week of
"operation Big Switch" included
100 Americans, 25 British, 25
Turks and 250 South Koreans, half
of whom are listed as sick or
wounded.
In exchange, the Allies will
return 2,758 North Korean and
Chinese Communists.
Exchange officers again eagerly
scanned, the lists without finding
the name of Maj. Gen. William F.
Dean, former commander of the
24th Division, who was captured
three years ago while leading a
defense of the city of Taejon in
South Korea.
MORE THAN half the South,
Korean war prisoners exchanged
in the first seven days had to be
hospitalized. Many are near death,
covered with sores and verging on
starvation.
Among the first 1,500 South
Koreans returned, the Commun-
ists listed 639 as sick or wound-
ed. Actually 920 needed medical
care.
The South Korean Army had
expected 20 per cent of the re-
patriates would be sick or wound-
ed.
SIX, MORE Michigan soldiers
were handed over by the Com-
munists at Panmunjom last night
in the latest exchange of prisoners
of war in Korea.
Michigan soldiers freed by the
Communists last night included:
Cpl. Richard G. Flattley, Mar-
quette; Cpl. Steven E. Magiera
Flint; Cpl. Dallas W. Mossman,
Flint; Pfc. Laurence A. Rix, Dow-
agiac; Cpl. Gilbert J. Broughton,
Wyandotte; Sgt. William M. Aleen,
Lincoln Park.
Stasheff To Serve
On TVWorkshop
Prof. Edward Stasheff, of the
speech department will serve as
one of two leaders for a national
Workshop in Television Produc-
tion, to be held August 28-Sep-
tember 18 at the University of
Illinois.
Organized under a Ford Founda-
tion grant from the Fund for Adult
Education, the workshop will be
limited to 30 staff members of edu-
cational television stations about
to go on the air. The program will
aim at instruction in TV directing
and producing techniques and util-
ization of studio and film equip-
ment.
Prof. Stasheff, who teaches tele-
vision courses, will serve as assist-
ant workshop conductor. He was
selected because of his experience
in both educational and commer-
cial television.
India's Freedom
I
Linguistics Talk
2"La
Prof. Alf Sommerfelt of the Uni- With t
versity of Oslo will discuss "Lan- ends pubI
guages and Categories of Thought" mer.
at the Linguistics Luncheon Meet- The firs
ing at 12:10 p.m. today in the din- mester wil
September
ing room of the League.
tst Issue
his issue, The Daily
lication for the sum-
t issue of the fall se-
ll appear on Tuesday,
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Mackinac Straits Oil Line Progresses
SI. ~ -ST. IGNACE, Mich. - (A') --Pipe
moved steadily into the Straits of
Mackinac yesterday ii the big $8,-
500,000 oil line project which will
make history.
A full 5,000 feet of pipe had
been laid beneath the waters and
completion of the four-mile strats
"crossing" was believed no more
than 48 hours away.
This is the "big pull" which is
going to finish with the world's
deepest underwater oil pipeline
"ing Alberta oil on a 1,765-
x:. mile line to southern Michigan
and eastern Canada.
Probe Planned
On Documents
By McCarthy
WASHINGTON - R) - Sen
ator McCarthy (R-Wis.) said yes
terday the Senate Investigation
subcommittee will start publi
hearings Monday to find ou
whether any Communists are get
ting their hands on secret docu
ments printed by the Government
McCarthy, chairman of the sub
committee, announced the hear
ings after four witnesses were
called for questioning behind
closed doors.
HE SAID the evidence still i
being developed. So far, he said
it involves only one present em
ploye of the Government, but h
told newsmen that "more than
one" will be involved as the ful
picture is brought out. A number
of closed hearings will be held dur-
ing the rest of the week he stated
McCarthy pointed out that
all the witnesses closeted with
the subcommittee during the
morning were called at the re-
quest of the attorney "of the
individual who has been charged
with Communist activities.
Who this individual is and where
he works has not been disclosed of-
ficially, but he is reported to be
employed by the Government
Printing Office.
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World News Roundup
By The Associated Press
ATHENS, Greece - A series of earthquakes have killed at least
e 150 persons on the Greek Island of Cephalonia and the governor's
office described the situation there yesterday as "hopeless."
The governor sent an urgent appeal to Athens for helicopters to
r fly doctors, nurses and medical supplies to the stricken areas. The
- message said the injured and dying-the number was not specified-
were "in a dramatic condition because there are no doctors, nurses
or basic medical supplies."
* * * *
DETROIT - Operations of the American Telephone and
Telegraph Co. were reported back to normal last night after
long-distance telephone and teletype switchboard operators and
maintenance workers returned to their jobs.
About 650 of them had attended a mass meeting in a down-
town hotel during the afternoon. They are members of the CIO
Communications Workers of America.
* * * *
3 CAIRO, Egypt - ) A British soldier was killed, another
l wounded and two Egyptians were wounded in a shooting affray at
Port Said in the Suez Canal Zone last night, the Ministry of Na-
tional Guidance announced.
A communique said the clash occurred near the Port Said cus-
toms area when the British placed guards there "despite warnings
of the Egyptian authorities that such measures were not advisable."
Since 12:25 a.m. yesterday the
big winch on Point McGulpin
pulled the 20-inch pipe without
mishap. Pipe moved at the rate
of 20 feet a minute. It was a 24-
your a day job.j
Workers battling to bridge the
Straits of Mackinac with an oil
pipeline hit the deep water last
night as they put in place they
McCARTHY said after a closed
subcommittee session Monday that
if evidence received proves true
"a member of the Communist Par-
ty has access to secret material of
the military, Atomic Energy Com-
mission and Central Intelligence
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