EDITOR'S NOTE
See Page 4
L
Latest Deadline in the State
#a440r
-- K
CLOUDY, WARMER
VOL. LXI, No. 177
ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, WEDNESDAY, JULY 2, 1952
SIX PAGES
HARVARD CRIMSON:
Cite 53 Academic
RightsViolations
By 'LEONARD GREENBAUM
Daily Managing Editor
Twenty-five colleges throughout the United States and territories
were the scene of 53 violations of academic freedom during the last
year, according to the fourth annual survey of the Harvard Crimson.
The survey, which was reported in a special issue of the college
newspaper, emphasized the cases of Fairmount State Teachers College
in West Virginia and of Prof. Dirk Struik of the Massachusetts Insti-
tute of Technology.
PROF. STRUIK, an avowed Marxist, is presently under suspen-
sion with pay pending the outcome of his trial for "advocating .. .
> the overthrow by force and violence of the Commonwealth of Massa-
chusetts."
Fairmount College has been the center of a dispute over
the security risk of a fine arts teacher that has resulted in three
dismissals, nine resignations and a slander suit.
Also prominently featured in the Academic Freedom survey were
the speaker bans at the University, and the investigation into the
now famous MPhaul dinner at the Union. The dismissal of Mrs.
Lorraine Meisner from Wayne University for refusing to testify before
the House Un-American Activities Committee in Detroit was also
included.
THE MAJORITY of academic freedom violations involved either
the bannings of speakers accused of affiliation with Communist or
' Communist-front organizations (those on the Attorney General's list)
or the attempts to enforce loyalty oaths.
Book bannings, the listing of teachers as "reducators," un-
proven accusations by American Legion posts, unexplained faculty
dismissals, suspension of students and student organizations and
the installation of a university "commie hunter" made up the
remainder of the violations.
Among the speakers banned were Paul Robeson at City College
of New York; Cecil E. Hinshaw, a Quaker Pacifist, at Ohio State
University; Max Schactman, chairman of the Independent Socialist
League, at the University of California's Berkley campus; and Arthur
McPhaul, Abner Greene, William Hood and Mrs. Ann Shore at the
University of Michigan.
SEVERAL SCHOOLS, however, were cited for refusing to bow to
public demands for speaker bans. These were the University of
Minnesota which gave speaking permission to Carey McWilliams, edi-
torial director of The Nation, and Yale University and Columbia
University for granting permission to Howard Fast.
State employee loyalty oaths were put into effect this year in
Alaska, Pennsylvania and Oklahoma. In both Pennsylvania and
Oklahoma, the laws have been taken to the courts with the
Supreme Court due to rule on the Oklahoma oath.
An anti-subversive bill was passed in Massachusetts, and a similar
bill in Illinois was vetoed by Governor Adlai Stevenson. In Hawaii,
a special loyalty oath was required of all teachers, while in New York,
the Fineberg Law, directing the State Board of Education to draw up
a list of "subversive" organizations and dismiss teachers who belong
to them, was approved by the United States Supreme Court.
IN CALIFORNIA, where teacher loyalty oaths met with their
strongest opposition, the University of California Regents have cir-
cumvented a decision of the California District Court of Appeals that
threw out the oath.
By declaring all teachers to be civil defense workers, the
Regents have made them subject to a loyalty oath for state em-
ployees. This oath is currently being considered as an amend
ment to the state constitution rather than face a court test.
Among the book-bannings last year were four by Mark Van Doren
banned by the Jersey City Board of Education, and Harvard Prof.
See HARVARD, Page 6
* * * *
Superintendent Sees Danger
Of Teacher Self-Censorship
Senate OK's
Agreements.
On Germany
Other Nations
Still Must Act
WASHINGTON-(P)-The Sen-
ate yesterday overwhelmihgly rat-
ified peace agreements bringing
West Germany as an armed ally
into the free world's mutual de-
fense organization.
The United States thus became
the first nation to approve the
documents, hailed by sponsors as
ushering in a new era of Euro-
pean cooperation.
THE AGREEMENTS do not be-
come effective until ratified by
parliaments of the other nations
involved, including West Germany
-a process sure to spark stormy
debate and one that could con-
sume many more months.
One agreement between the
U. S., Britain, France and West
Germany ends the Allied occu-
pation of West Germany and re-
turns the' Federal Republic of
Germany to the family of na-
tions as an almost equal mem-
ber.
The Senate approved this pact,
77 to 5.
A second document in the net-
work of pacts signed in Europe
last month would create a Euro-
pean Defense Community (EDC)
with a single army of units from
France, Italy, West Germany, Bel-
gium, the Netherlands and Luxem-
bourg.
The Senate was not called upon
to ratify the EDC contract, but it
approved an agreement tieing ED
-and thus West Germany-to the
North Atlantic Treaty Organiza-
tion (NATO). The effect is for
the United States and 13 other
NATO members to extend their
mutual defense guarantee to West
Germany. The Germans in turn
agree to help defend NATO mem-
bers from attack.
The vote on this move was 72
to S.
]McPhaul Cited
For Contempt
Arthur McPhaul, who was ban-
ned from speaking on campus last
semester, and Saul Grossman, a
former University student, were
unanimously cited for contempt
by the House of Representatives
Monday.
The House action came as a re-
sult of the Un-American Activi-
ties Committee hearings in De-
troit last March when both men
refused to produce books and rec-
ords as requested.
McPhaul, who is executive sec-
retary of the Michigan chapter of
the Civil Rights Congress, was the
cause of a two month long investi-
gation by the University when he
"illegaly" spoke at an "unspon-
sored" dinner at the Union.
Grossman, who attended the
University from 1945 to 1947, was
executive secretary of the Mich-
igan Committee for the Protection
of the Foreign Born. He accom-
panied Abner Greene to campus
when Greene vwas. also banned
from speaking here by the Lecture
Committee.
Taft
Of
Nails
Down
MVost
FlorVida's
Delegation
103 Faculty
Members
Promoted
Promotions for 103 members of
the University faculty were an-
nounced yesterday by President
Harlan H. Hatcher,
All of the promotions become ef-
fective with the start of the fall
semester. Twenty-two of the pro-
motioons were to the rank of pro-
fessor, 36 to the rank of associate
professor or its equivalent and 45
to the rank of assistant professor.
In addition to the promotions,
the president also announced two
appointments and a major change
in duties for an Extension Service
staff member.
Dr. Walter J. Nungester, who
has been acting chairman of the
Department of Bacteriology in
the Medical School, has been
Made chairman. The other ap-
pointment involved naming
Kent W. Leach as assistant di-
rector of the Bureau of School
Services. Leach also received a
promotion from lecturer to as-
sistant professor in the School
of Education.
In the Extension Service, the
title of Michael P. Church has
been changed from supervisor of
the extension center in Saginaw
to supervisor of special projects.
The promotions, with the reci-
pient's field of specialization in-
dicated in parenthesis, are as fol-
lows:
TO THE RANK OF PROFESSOR
College of Literature, Science
and the Arts: Enrique Anderson-
Imbert (Spanish and Spanish Am-
erican Literature), Frank Egbert
Eggleton (Zoology), William Per-
due Halstead (Speech), Cecil
James Nesbitt (Mathematics), Ka-
therine Elizabeth Schultz (Library
Science), Ralph A. Wolfe (Phy-
sics).
College of Engineering: Floyd
Newton Calhoon (Mechanical En-
gineering), Walter Johnson Em-
mons (Highway Engineering),
Edwin Richard Martin (Electrical
Engineering), Charles Thomas
Olmsted (Engineering Mechan-
ics), Roy Stanley Swinton (Engi-
neering Mechanics).
Medical School: Burton Lowell
Baker (Anatomy), Reuben L.
Kahn (Serology of Syphilis), Dr.
William Dodd Robinson (Internal
Medicine), Dr. Konstantin Schar-
enberg (Neuropathology).
School of Dentistry: Dr. Donald
Archibald Kerr, Dr. Floyd Darl
Ostrander, Dr. Corwin Hobert
Wright.
School of Music: Hans Theodore
David.
College of Architecture and De-
sign: Catherine Bortic Heller (De-
sign), Alexander Mastra Valerio
(Painting and Drawing).
School of Social Work: Ralph
Carr Fletcher.'
TO THE RANK OF
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
College of Literature, Science
and the Arts: Irving Mariner Copi
(Philosophy), Pierre Dansereau
(Botany), Samuel J. Eldersveld
(Political Science), Francis Cope
Evans (Zoology), Norman Edou-
ard Hartweg (Zoology), Emmet
Thurman Hooper (Zoology), Vol-.
ney Hurt Jones (Anthropology),
Robert Lado (English Languish
Institute), Werner Siegmud Lan-
decker (Sociology), William Ray-
mond Leslie (History), Hazel Mar-
ie Losh (Astronomy), Dourossoff
Edmund Morley (Speech), Max-
well O. Reade (Mathematics), Ed-
win Charles Stumm (Geology.
Medical School: Basu Kumar
Bagchi (Psychiatry), Dr. Robert
Edward Lee Berry (Surgery), Dr.
William Henry Beierwaltes (In-
ternal Medicine), Dr. Reynold La-
velle Haas (Obstetrics and Gyne-
cology), Dr. John Woodworth
Henderson (Ophtalmology), Dr.
Richard Coy Schneider (Surgery).
School of Education: William
GOP Bars
TV, Radio
-Daily-Jack Bergstrom
AMBITIOUS GOLD DIGGERS FEVERISHLY SEARCH FOR "HURON HARRY'S" STRIKE
* * * * * * * d
Students St age Hur on River Gold Rush
By LARRY HYATT
Armed with buckets, pans, picks
and shovels, more than a dozen
adventurous students carefully
panned their way down the Huron
River yesterday looking for the
spot where "Huron Harry" is re-
puted to have made a gold strike
late Sunday afternoon.
Nyaradi Will
SpeakToday
Nicholas Nyaradi, former Hun-
garian finance minister, will speak
on "Man and State in Communist
Countries" at 4:15 p.m. today in
Rackham Lecture Hall.
It will be the fourth lecture in
the summer series "Modern Views
on Man and Society."
Nyaradi had a colorful career
during the postwar period as fi-
nance minister. He was called up-
on to negotiate with Moscow over
Russian claims against his coun-
try.
Despite strong Russian pressure,
he urged Hungary, unsuccessfully,
to participate in the Marshall
Plan. He went into voluntary ex-
ile int1948 and arrived here short-
ly after.
"My Ringside Seat in Moscow"
is his latest publication.
Strike Threatens
Political Coverage
NEW YORK-Early this morn-
ing a radio writers' union order-
ed a strike against three major
networks threatening coverage of
the forthcoming political conven-
tions.
Responding to stories in The
Daily and a Detroit newspaper,
and to rumors which have been
floating around campus since the
reported gold find Sunday, the
eager "fifty-twoers" examined the
winding river bank for traces of an
excavation.
* * * *
THEIR ardurous efforts were+
of no avail, however, and they
wearily trudged back to campus
yesterday evening without finding
so much as a trace of the glit-
tering metal.
Leaders of the unsuccessful
expedition theorized that either
"Huron Harry" covered up his
diggings so cleverly they could
SL Discusses
New Activities
The members of Student Legis-
lature who are on campus at ube
present time held a brief meet-
ing last night at which plans for
SL activities during the summer
session were discussed.
Tentatively scheduled were three
SL discussion meetings to which
interested faculty members and
student leaders are to be invited.
SL members, are also going to'
attempt to begin a codification of
all motions ever passed by the stu-
dent governing body.
SL will also organize an Inter-
national Correspondence Program
for persons interested in writing
to foreign students who will be
on campus next semester. The
campus correspondents must be on
campus next fall, also.
Information may be obtained by
calling Janet Alarie, at 3-1553 or
2-1718.
not be discovered, or else he
found gold in some remote lo-
cale not yet searched by the
group.
Undaunted by their first futile
efforts, the troupe of sourdoughs
plan an early return to the quest.
Tentative plans call for exten-
sive search during the long Fourth
of July weekend.
* * *
RELIABLE sources had hinted
that the fabulous prospector, who
inspired yesterday's activity on the
Huron, was panning near the golf
course when he made his discovery.
A detailed inspection of that area
was stopped yesterday when golf-
ers began lopingballs onto the
river bank where the student pros-
pectors were working.
Little is actually known of the
lucky prospector. Close-lipped
friends maintain that he lives
a dual life: by day a diligent
gold digger, by night a hard
working student.
Meanwhile, The Daily received
a letter from a woman who
thought she recognized her long
lost son when she saw Harry's
picture in The Daily last Satur-
day. "This poor boy strongly re-
sembles our own dear son who left
home these many years ago and
for whom we have searched-all
in vain," she related.
"Please try to contact this poor
boy and inform us if he is in-
deed our son," the woman pleaded.
Clarification
During the summer The
Michigan Daily is published five
days a week. The Daily comes
out Wednesday, Thursday, Fri-
day Saturday and Sunday
mornings.
At Hearings
Lodge Calls Ban
Major Blunder
CHICAGO--(P)-Sen. Robert A
Taft of Ohio nailed down most
of the 18-vote Florida delegation
yesterday and the first victory in
the crucial free for all over dis-
puted delegates to next week's
Republican Convention.
And the Republican National
Committee - apparently under
control of Taft forces-banged the
door on television, radio and pic-
tures of any kind at its all im-
portant hearings on delegate con-
tests.
* * *
BACKERS OF Gen. Dwight D.
Eisenhower, battling it but witl4
Taft for 72 disputed delegates and
the GOP presidential nomination,
showed no immediate inclination
to carry the Florida case any fur-
them. They could appeal to the
convention Credentials Committee
and then the convention itself.
But some of them were taking
the position the General wasn't
much concerned about the Flor-
ida dispute, on grounds that it
involved primarily two rival del-
egations and both were largely
for Taft to start with.
Sen. Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. of
Massachusetts, campaign manager
for General Eisenhower, issued a
statement calling the move to bar
cameras, TV and radio 'a major
political blunder."
"FROM THE outset," Lodge
said, "Taft supporters have fought
the attempt which we have made
to have an open and unrigged con-
vention. Their vote yesterday in
committee is a flagrant disregard
of public opinion.
"They have shown a public
be damned' attitude which will
be resented where ever free in-
stitutions are prized. If this is
Taft's idea of victory they are
welcome to it."
Sen. Taft expressed satisfaction
over the seating of the "regular"
Florida Republican delegation yes-
terday. But he had no comment on
the National Committee's decision
to black out television from r*he
remaining delegate contest hear-
ings.
Analyst Sees
western Law
In Arab States
"Western law has been in the
Near East for many thousands of
years and has played a decisive
role in the culture and religion of
the Arab states," Herbert J. Lie-
besny, a State Department re-
search analyst said yesterday aft-
ernoon.
Liebesny, speaking on "Islamic
Religious Law and Westernization"
said that the Arab states-the
"modern Near East"-are now re-
ceiving the influences of Western
law on a basis of general needs,
rather than according those in-
fluences the "wholesale reception"
that characterized former adop-
tion.
WESTERN LAW he explained,
caught on in areas least close to
religion, such as administration,
criminal law, and commerical re-
lations.
In speaking of the backround
of Islamic religious law, Liebes-
ny stressed that there is hope
today by Arab jurists that "the
door of interpretation will be
re-opened."
He said that this "door" was
closed in the ninth century aad
America's future is endangered
by teacher self-censorship, Mar-
tin W. Essex, Lakewood (0.) school
superintendent, said yesterday in
Detroit.
Essex, chairman of a National
Education Association committee
on Teacher Tenure and Academic
Freedom, made this statement in
a newspaper interview prior to his
report to the association.
* * *
MORE THAN 5,000 educators
representing the majority of the
nation's public school teachers are
in Detroit attending the 90th an-
nual meeting of the NEA this
week.
"Teachers fear to instruct
about the current scene," Essex
said, "and they impose a self-
censorship on themselves for job
security reasons.
"This is the greatest danger fac-
ing this country because it results
in our children being instructed
in a hothouse atmosphere. They
will never learn to form their own
opinions."
Reviewing encroachments of
academic freedom during the
past year, Essex related how ad-
verse criticism in some quarters
is affecting the inclination of
schools to teach about UNESCO
SYP'S Discuss
Ploan for Fall
because these critics consider
suchinstruction subversive.
Similarily, he said, when Gen.
Douglas MacArthur was removed
by President Truman, teachers
feared to touch upon the subject
because of the strength of feeling
on both sides.
Considering the whole field of
scademic freedom, he commented
that "this school year finds fres-
dom to learn and freedom to teach
at a low tide for our century."
World News Roundup
By The Associated Press
MUNSAN, Korea, Wednesday, July 2-Communist truce nego-
tiators today asked for a surprise one-day postponement of the Kor-
ean armistice talks. The United Nations command agreed.
In Seoul, two Allied raiding parties punched into Communist
positions on the Western Korean front yesterday but the soggy bat-
tleline was generally quiet.
* * * *
LONDON-Prime Minister Winston Churchill's conservative
government yesterday beat down a Labor Party attempt to drive it
out of office for not knowing in'advance that American planes
planned to bomb Communist power plants on the Yalu River.
The Conservative victory came after Churchill warned the
House against antagonizing American public opinion in a Presidential
year.
UNITED NATIONS, N. Y.--The Security Council rejected 10-1
yesterday Russia's demand to invite Communist China and North
Korea into debate here on an American resolution for an.impartial
ISRAEL'S PROBLEM:
Foa Calls for ImmTgrant Orientation
Looking at the Near East crisis
from a sociologist's point of view,
Uriel G. Foa said Monday that
Israel's big problem today is to
orient Eastern immigrants to
Western civilization.
Foa, executive director of the
Israel Institute of Applied Social
Research, explained that a social
crisis has arisen because the prob-
lem of "training immigrants in
* * *
set-up of the state. Where there
had been a surplus of profes-
sional people, an abundance of
laborers flooded the country. Il-
literacy was profuse among the
new settlers.
Besides increased immigration,
Foa listed three other factors
which have contributed to Near
East tension: the introduction of
"R z