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FAIR AND WARMER
VOL. LX, No. 13-S ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SATURDAY, JULY 15, 1950
FOUR PAGES
I
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* * * *
s
U
Senators Ask
$600 Million
Budget Cut
Bridges, Byrd
Propose Slash
WASHINGTON --(M)- A $600,-
000,000 reduction in the general
running expenses of the govern-
* ment was 'proposed today by 35
Democratic and Republican sena-
tors..
It immediately encountered some
heated protests.
* * *
SENATORS Bridges (Rep., N.H.)
and Byrd (Dem., Va.) introduced
the economy rider on behalf of
themselves and 33 other senators,
as an amendment to the $34,700,-
000,000 single-package appropria-
tion bill providing operating funds
for most of the government dur-
ing the fiscal year which began
July 1.
Funds for national diefense
and atomic energy projects
would be exempted from the cut.
So would the appropriation for
the Postoffice Department, al-
ready operating on a deficiency
basis.
Likewise the amendment would
not affect the payment of pensions
and benefits to veterans and other
personnel, or fixed commitments
covering trust funds and existing
contracts.
West Charges
U.S.S.R. Still
Has Prisoners
WASHINGTON-W)-The three
western powers charged in sub-
stance yesterday that Russia lied
in saying she had freed all Ger-
man war prisoners.
They challenged Moscow to per-
mit an on-the-scene investigation
of its treatment of World War II
captives.
The United States, Britain and
France renewed their prodding on
the issue in separate but similar
notes which had the effect of a
counter blow against Communist
propaganda in the Korean crisis.
THE UNITED STATES told
Russia bluntly that this govern-
ment is "unable to give credence"
to a Soviet announcement that all
the millions of Germans the Red
Army captured have now been
sent home except for 13,546 still
held as war criminals, or for in-
vestigation or medical treatment.
Moscow made the announce-
mnent May 5 and the United
States said the resultant "shock
and concern" in Germany was
shared in this country. The
Communist press has contended
that Russia never held as many
prisoners as the Western allies
claim and accused the West of
trying to make propaganda cap-
ital out of the dispute.
The Soviet figures, the American
note said, are "completely at var-
iance" with U.S. information. Of-
ficials said there is no way of
knowing accurately butnthe State
Department believes 300,000 or
more Germans remain to be ac-
counted for.
Haven Hall Razing
To BeginMonday
Mason, 'U' Halls Scheduled for
Same Fate Later This Summer
Razing of the fire-gutted remains of Haven Hall will begin on
Monday, with Mason Hall and probably University Hall being torn
down later this summer.
A new $4,000,000 Literary College building will be built on the site
of Mason and University Halls and landscape will replace the Haven
Hall ruins.
* * * *
OCCUPANTS OF 109-year-old Mason Hall will be moved to tem-
porary quarters within the next week or ten days, with wrecking
operations to begin as soon after that as possible. As yet no contract
-- has been made for the tearing
Mobilizing
Of National
Guard Seen
WASHINGTON-()}-Imminent
calls for partial mobilization of
National Guardsmen and Reserves
and for up to $6,000,000,000 in
new funds to meet the Korean war
crisis were forecast on Capitol Hill
yesterday.
Senator Lyndon Johnson (D-
Tex.) said he has been informed
by high administration officials
that the National Guard and Re-
servists will soon be ordered to
active duty.
* * *
THE TEXAN, a member of the
Senate Armed Services Committee,
said however, that only part of the
guard forces would be pressed into
federal service now, and the re-
serve will be called as needed-
not en masse.
The gravity of the battle sit-
uation continued to be a prime
topic of discussion in the Senate,
despite the army's statement
this forenoon that there is "no
Dunkerque" in sight.
Majority leader, Lucas (D-Ill.)
told the Senate that President
Truman at the proper time will
make a full report to Congress and
the nation on the Korean crisis.
Lucas hit hard at suggestions by
Senators Wherry (R-Neb.) and
Hickenlooper (R-Ia.) that Con-
gress should get a full accounting
of where all the $53,000,000,000 of
defense funds, voted since 1947,
has gone.
Hickenlooper said he raised the
question because all reports, both
press and from officials, indicated
the United States was unable to
place an adequate force in Korea
to stop what had been called "this
alleged bandit raid."
Injured, 'Human
Cannonball' Abed
Henry Ducharme, 31 years old,
the "human cannonball" who
missed his target at an Adrian
carnival Thursday night, is de-
scribed in a "very serious" con-
dition by University Hospital doc-
tors.
Ducharme was shot out of a
mechanical cannon, flew over a
ferris wheel, and landed on the
ground. Normally he would have
hit 'a 20-foot high landing net.
down of Mason Hall.vI
There are no definite plans for
the razing of "U" Hall. The Uni-
versity wants to bring it down
immediately following the Ma-
son Hall operation in order to
speed construction of the new
Literary College Building and to
afford greater economy in the
wrecking costs. But as yet the
University hasn't been able to
find new quarters for the staff of
the Institute of Social Research
who at present occupy the first
and second floors of "U" Hall.
Completion of the new Literary
College structure will also entail
the razing of South Wing, but at
present there are no definite plans
for its leveling.
* * *
THE NEW BUILDING will con-
sist of four units and will contain
classrooms, lecture halls, seminar
rooms, a library and Literary Col-
lege offices. Construction of two
of the units, a four story classroom
building and an eight story sem-
inar-office building, is due to be-
gin as soon as the razing opera-
t'ions allow.
These two units are expected to
be ready for use by the fall of
1951, but there is no contract as
yet as architects are still working
on minor details.
The State Legislature, after a
conference between members of
the Senate and House finance
committees and University offi-
cials, appropriated $1,500,000 as a
starter for the building project.
The University has also received
$467,210 as insurance money for
Haven Hall and insurance adjust-
ors are now working on a settle-
ment for the destroyed contents of
the building.
State Loyalty
Check Sought
By Williams
LANSING-(A)-Fearing a "ra-
dical turnover" in state employes
because of "present war condi-
tions," Governor Williams yester-
day asked the State Civil Service
Commission for a report on its
methods of guaranteeing the loy-
alty of state workers.
The governor, in a letter to each
commissioner, said he felt it "in-
cumbent on me to check with
you" on methods which have
been used and "whether you have
any plans for further checks on
existing employes and any plans
in view of the possiblity of a large
employe turnover."
* * *
"I WOULD like to see x x x,"
the governor wrote, "whether I can
be of any assistance in coordina-
ting your efforts with outside
agencies such as the State Police
or the FBI.
C. J. Hess, acting Civil Ser-
vice director, told reporters the
agency now asks all applicants
if they belong to any organiza-
tion advocating the overthrow
of the government.
Those employed, he added, are
required to sign an affidavit cer-
tifying that they are loyal to the
federal government and the state.
4 4 Ad T AT ,T V T- .-. ..
Bulgarians,
Slavs Clash
On Border.
Tito Says Troops
Crossed Frontier
BELGRADE, Yugoslavia - (A) -
Bulgarian and Yugoslav frontier
guards exchanged fire in a series
of incidents and a Bulgarian sol-
dier was killed, Yugoslavia an-
nounced yesterday.
Declaring military patrols had
been sent across the frontier in
an effort to capture Yugoslav
guards, Premier Marshal Tito's
government demanded that Bul-
garia "halt these practices."
THE DEMAND was made in a
note handed the Bulgarian Lega-
tion.
Bulgaria is an active member
of the Moscow-directed Comin-
form. Yugoslavia was cast out of
that international Communist or-
ganization two years ago on
grounds Tito wasn't loyal to the
party line.
The two nations share a 300-
mile frontier, largely rocky, bar-
ren and mountainous. Yugosla-
via's Serbian Republic fronts on
part of the frontier and the
Macedonian Republic on the
rest.
The sites of the Yugoslav-Bul-
garian clashes were not specified.
Competent observers in Istanbul,
however, have speculated Bulgaria
might attempt to unite Yugoslav,
Greek and Bulgarian Macedonia
while world attention is focused
on Korea.
The incidents appeared to be
part of the war of nerves between
Yugoslavia and the Cominform,
the subject of a rash of rumors in
recent weeks. The rumors have
been dominated by reports of troop
movements in all three of Yugo-
slavia's eastern neighbors in Rus-
sia's sphere - Bulgaria in the
south, Romania at the center and
Hungary in the north.
World News
Roundup
By The Associated Press
TEHRAN -- Premier Gen. Ali
Razmara said yesterday new U.S.
military aid is coming to Iran, on
Russia's South flank, which will
completely equip Iran's army for
defensive mountain fighting. He
said the equipment is due to be-
gin arriving in a month.
The Premier said in an inter-
view the equipment, including in-
fantry arms, light mountain ar-
tillary and other material, would
be worth an estimated $10,000,000
to $15,000,000.
WASHINGTON - A sharp,
war-spawned rise in the whole-
sale prices of many things peo-
ple eat, wear or use was con-
firmed by the government yes-
terday.
President Truman discussed
the question of possible home-
front mobilization with his cab-
inet at a morning meeting.
LEBANON - The toll of a B-
50 Air Force bomber crash near
Lebanon rose yesterday to 16 dead.
The public information office
of the air materiel command at
Dayton's Wright-Patterson Air
Force base reported the new total
- five higher than preliminary
figures yesterday.
WASHINGTON - Construction
work will start next month on the
first experimental atomic power
plant for U.S. submarines, Senator
McMahon announced yesterday.
Push To Encircle
Retreating Yanks
'Extensive' Bridgehead Reported
On South River Bank Near Taejon
By T1he Associated Press
TOKYO, Saturday - General MacArthur's communique said
North Korean troops today planted a bridgehead on the South
bank of the Kum River but that an earlier crossing was "thrown back
with heavy losses."
Headquarters said the successful bridgehead, set up about 20
miles northwest of Taejon, was "a setback but no cause for undue
alarm."
The first crossing attempt was made late Friday. The communi-
que said it was "several miles northeast" of the present bridgehead.
THE NORTHERNERS are trying to throw tanks across the
stream.
They were putting the pres- * * *
LAST DITCH-American GI's cling desperately to the Kum
River line, but are unable to hold the oncoming North Korean
troops, which crossed the river 20 miles northwest of Taejon and
forced an American withdrawal.
*
Lie Asks UN Members
To Aid Army in Korea
LAKE SUCCESS - (P) - The
United Nations appealed yesterday
to 52 member countries to rush
effective aid, particularly ground
fighting forces, to a UN army try-
ing to stop the North Korean Com-
munist invaders.
Secretary-General Trygve Lie
announced the step at a somber
news conference, his first since
the outbreak of the hostilities
which he again called a "well-
prepared, well-planned aggression"
against the Republic of South
Korea.
Lie said telegrams were sent to
every nation that supported the
Security Council action authoriz-
ing a collective army to throw the
North Korean invaders back of
the 38th parallel. The aid pro-
vided, he said, "should be effective
forces, not token forces."
* -
THE ACTION was decided, he
said, at an informal meeting he
called Monday, attended by rep-
resentatives of the United States
delegation, Security Council Pres-
ident Arne Sunde of Norway and
himself and his executive assis-
tant, Andrew Cordier.
The Soviet bloc and Yugosla-
via, which opposed armed re-
sistance to the North Korean
Communists, were not included
in the newest bid for help to the
retreating forces under the com-
mand of Gen. Douglas MacAr-
thur. The invitation did not go,
of course, to the United States,.
which has furnished the bulk of
the UN resistance.
A special request was made to
the Nationalist Chinese govern-
Women May
Get Draft Call
WASHINGTON-P)-Maj. Gen.
Lewis B. Hershey said last night
that the selective service system
has done "quite a little planning"
with the idea that draft boards
may have to register women even-
tually.
The selective service chief told
a radio audience that it might be-
come necessary to register women
if the country faced a situation
requiring "about all the people its
got." He added in response to
questions that women could not
be registered for the draft unless
Congress changed the present law.
ment in Formosa, whose previous
offer of land troops has been turn-
ed down by the unified U.S.-UN
command. It advised the Chinese
Nationalists that if they want to
offer troops again they may do so,
but that their offer would be con-
sidered only for bilateral discus-
sion-with MacArthur-on what
specific, detailed use might be
made of them.
* * *
REJECTION of the original Chi-
nese offer was on the basis of
keeping the Korean war localized.
The argument was that if the
Chinese Nationalists put ground
forces into Korea, Chinese Com-
munist forces would find it an ex-
cuse to flood into Korea to help
the North Korean Communists.
* * *
South Wanted
To Hit North
First -- Roberts
LOS ANGELES-VP)--The South
Korean government was not given
heavy military equipment before
the war broke out chiefly because
it had a strong desire to attack
North Korea, Brig. Gen. William
L. Roberts said yesterday.
The head of the U.S. Military
Mission in Korea for 26 months
told a news conference that the
South Koreans "believed the best
defense was to attack."
* * *
"THIS PLACED us in a 'skittish'
position," the 59-year-old officer
explained. "To prevent the South
Koreans from attacking, we gave
them no combat air force, no.
tanks, and no heavy artillery."
Just returned from the Far
East for reassignment to nearby
Fort MacArthur and retirement
in September, Gen. Roberts said
the South Korean soldier is "fine
and brave" and that the weak-
ness lies with the officer group.
The General said that when
American troops pulled out a year
ago, they left the Korean govern-
ment $53,000,000 worth of mili-
tary supplies, including 20 liaison
planes, 128 anti-tank guns, some
90 almost obsolete cannons, small
arms, ammunition and consider-
able captured Japanese equip-
Sment.
sure on the American lines at
a point about 20 miles northwest
of Taejon. There they planted
a beachhead after pushing the
Americans backward.
At the same time, they were
poundingstheSouth Korean line
to the east at a point where a
breakthrough might well cut in
behind the American front posi-
tion.
* * *
A FRONT DISPATCH did not
make clear whether the Reds had
crossed the Kum on the South
Korean front or whether the fight-
ing was on the North bank.
The dispatch said the pres-
sure on the American front was
slowed this morning. The Ameri-
cans were fighting a delaying
action against the Reds push-
ing through the hills toward
Taejon.
The bridgehead seemed to be
extensive. U.S. jet and Mustang
fighters blasted at the bridge-
head. Four Red tanks being fer-
ried across the shallows of the
Kum were reported knocked out.
AN EARLIER Communist force
apparently about 100 strong, cross-
ed last night. It infiltrated Ameri-
can positions. Some of the Reds
wore the green fatigue uniforms
of the U.S.I Army. Apparently the
uniforms had been taken from
captured troops.
The American defenders like-
wise were harassed by guerrillas
who were attacking in the rear
of this vital line within 20 miles
of Taejon, the provisional capi-
tal of South Korea.
No Peace Till
Communists
Leave mu. US.
WASHINGTON - (P) - The
United States served notice on
the world yesterday that its rock
bottom requirement for a settle-
went of the Korean crisis is the
witdrawal of the Communist in-
vasion army from South Korea.
A STATE Department statement
prompted by speculation over the
diplomatic activities of Prime
Minister Nehru of India, plus in-
formation from other sources,
disclosed a firm and unyielding
American policy covering thee
points:
1-There can be no compro-
mise with aggression in Korea
as far as this government is
concerned; in line with United
Nations decisions, an end to
the fighting and the return of
North Korean troops to their
own territory are the "minimum
and irreducible conditions for a
solution of the present Korean
crisis."
2-The United Nations is the
proper forum for negotiation on
the crisis and the United States
will not negotiate directly with
Russia. Nehru, who sent messags
to Moscow and Washington Thurs
day, reportedly has offered to ne-
gotiate a Korean settlement.
3-The United States does
not intend to enter into any
deal with Russia for admission
of Communist China to the
United Nations in return for
Russian intervention to call off
the North Koreans.
Some officials indicate the
Some officials indicate the
United States might even use its
veto now to block Chinese Com-
munist membership on the ground
that with the existence of the
UN at stake in Korea this is no
time for membership questions to
be settled.
U. S. Planes
Hit Koreans
AlongFront
TOKYO--(P)-The Far East air
force said yesterday Superforts,
Jets and Mustang fighters yester-
day braved bad weather and struck
ground targets all the way from
the front to Seoul, 90 miles north.
The Australians joined the
Americans in making 190 individ-
ual flights. It was the second
straight day that the dominant
allied air arm had been hampered
by the weather.
A COMMUNIQUE said two Rus-
sian-made Yak-9 fighters, an anti-
aircraft position, a medium tank
and four trucks were destroyed in
rocket and machinegun attacks
on the Seoul area. The enemy
planes were caught on Seoul's
The Chinese Communist radio
said guerrillas also were attack-
ing in the Sangju and Uisong
areas, 40 and 70 miles respective-
ly east of Taejon. This is the sec-
tor where the Northerners are
threatening U.S. supply lines from
the southeast port of Pusan.
THE FIRST ATTACK against
the American positions on the
South bank came late yesterday.
Field dispatches said an estimated
100 North Koreans crossed west
of Taejon despite a heavy bom-
bardment by U.S. artillery and
warplanes.
General MacArthur's com-
munique this forenoon, however,
said establishment of an enemy
"bridgehead" on the south bank
had not been confirmed.
IT SAID the Americans were
defending the river line against
superior forces. Communist pa-
trols, however, were acknowledged
to be probing the American posi-
tions "in a number of places along
the river."
The field headquarters spokes-
man estimated that two or three
North Korean divisions had been
massed on the north bank of the
river. These did not include their
crack first division, however.
HARD ON THE ARCHES:
Maas Calls Modern Art
Museum Old-Fashioned
M SRS AlC dM eR K.
"The modern museum is a sta-
tic monument to an international
safe deposit system," Carl Maas,
consultant in art and design to a
national oil company declared yes-
terday.
"The average one is a large,
cold, stone building with an enor-
mous entrance leading to a grand
flight of marble steps which axe
and political motives of the
time explained would make vi-
sual art a real experience for
the gallery-goer, Maas empha-
sized.
"This would avoid the women's
club approach, which is to visit
the gallery, view the painting and-
explain, 'I liked it' or 'I didn't
like it' when making a report to
CONSEQUENCE WORSE THAN THREAT:
Barker Warns of Aftermath of Atom in Korea
By PAULA STRAWHECKER
The men who undierstnd it and
fortunately the morals of the
world have changed," he lament-
"My present feeling is that I am
opposed in principle to use of the
physicist is resigned to the almost
inevitable Russian retaliation in