DEr
ERIORATION'
Y
A61F A6
tii
FAIR,
WARMER
See Page 4
VOL. LVI, No. 9S
ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SUNDAY, JULY 14, 1946
PRICE FIVE Cl
Congress Gives Approval to British I
-oa
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Board Plans College Integration
Legislators
Ask Advice
Dr.ve Opens
Of Educators
'U' Delegate Will
Assist in Study
Study of methods to unify the
state's system of higher education
has been turned over to educators
from Michigan universities and col-
leges, Lewis G. Christman, second
district representative in the state
legislature, said yesterday.
The five-man jont House-Senate
committee of which Christman is a
member voted to establish a seven-
man board, authorizing the latter
group to submit proposals for a more
closely-knit higher education system.
Elliott Heads Board.
Dr. Eugene Elliott, State Superin-
tendent of Public Instruction, will act
as mediator and chairman of the
educator's board, with one delegate
to be appointed from each of the
following groups: the Board of Re-
gents of the University; the Board
in Control of Michigan State College;
the Board of Education of the City
of Detroit (representing Wayne Uni-
versity); the Michigan Colleges Asso-
ciation (representing Michigan's
smaller colleges; the Junior Colleges
Association; and the ,"oard in Con-
trol of the Michigan College of Mines
at Houghton.
All delegates will be educators,
Christman said.
Educator Get Study
Christman explained that the leg-
islators had decided to turn the study
over to educators because "expert
~towle gewill b.ecessary... it. this.
important phase of education de-.
velopment" is to be properly handled.
He pointed out that the new board
will be empowered to make recom-
mendations to the legislative com-
mittee, which retains its authority
of approval.
It is expected that the recommend-
ations of the new board will be sub-
mitted to representatives from all
colleges and junior colleges in the
state before final action is taken by
the legislature, Christman said.
University plans to open a network
of junior colleges throughout the
state will be given full consideration
in the investigation, Christman said.
'U' Favors Integration
Integration of the state's colleges
is strongly favored by numerous Uni-
versity administrators. Over-lapping
of function between the various
sphools can be eliminated and subse-
quent savings of tax funds made
through a single policy-making or,
administrative board, these support-
ers claim.
However, such a change in the
See INTEGRATION, Page 2
Council Seeks
Truman's Aid
In Education
WASHINGTON, July 13-()-The
American Council on Education ask-
ed President Truman today to de-
clare a national emergency in edu-
cation and to appoint a commission
to help solve problems that threaten
the success of the veteran program.
A council committee on emergency
problems, representing colleges and
universities throughout the United
States, stressed these "bottlenecks:"
1. The shortage of competent fac-
ulty members "which threatens fail-
ure in the attempt of this nation to
provide the promised educational op-
portunities' for veterans."
2. The housing and materials short-
ages.
During the three day meeting
speakers estimated a shortage of as
many as 10,000 faculty members may
exist within a year.
The conference . adopted a resolu-
tion appraving pending congression-
al legislation to provide $100,000,000
for temporary educational facilities
and $~250f.000f.000 lforprmanent,
REFUSES TO TESTIFY .... Ben-
jamin Franklin Fields, Washing-
ton press agent under accusation of
attempting to bribe a senator, sits
mum in the witness chair at a
hearing, in Washington, D.C., be-
fore the Mead War Investigating
Committee as he refuses to testify
at the munitions inquiry.
* * *
May'fnable To
Explain' --Senate
Group Decides
Sharply Worded Notes
Exchanged in Probe
WASHINGTON, July.13-()-In a
.gloves-off exchange, the Senate War
Investigating Committee concluded
today that Rep. May (Dem.-Ky.) is
"unable to explain or contradict"
evidence linking him with munitions
makers and the House military chair-
man in reply challenged the general
"conduct of your hearings."
Dropping the polite formalities of
congressional exchanges, the com-
mittee wrote May directly that it
could find no alternative to the con-
clusion that "you admit the facts"
gathered in its inquiry "to be true."
May snapped back a formal reply
that such a conclusion is "unwar-
ranted" and added that "it paral-
lels other characteristics of the con-
duct of your hearings to which I ob-
ject."
The committee turned thumbs
down on the conditions with which
May hedged an agreement to "con-
sider" a personal appearance to tell
of his acknowledged help to an in-
dustrial combine headed by Dr. Henry
Garsson. It contended that the- im-
port of those demands constituted a
refusal to appear in its inquiry into
the group's profits on $78,000,000 in
war contracts and its Washington in-
fluence.
"I have not so declined," May de-
clared in his reply. "Before accept-
ing, I am simply seeking a basis upon
which such acceptance can be made
without being denied the rights and
privileges specified.".
OPA Control
Expect Showdown
On Issue Tuesday
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON; July 13 -With
strong Republican backing, a drive
got under way today in the House
to send a revised price control bill to
president Truman exactly as the
Senate passed it early this morning.
However, an informal but bind-
ing "gentlemen's agreement" to de-
fer the showdown until Tuesday
gave Administration leaders a long
weekend to organize a fight for
removal of Senate-voted decon-
trols on major food items.
The agreement, made by Demo-
cratic and Republican leaders to pro-
tect many members who will be ab-
sent Monday, nullified the House
Rules Committee's speedy action in
recommending that the controver-
sial bill be sent immediately to a
Senate-House conference for adjust-
ment of differences.
That situation left the country
without national price or rent con-
trols for another weekend. They
went off July 1 when OPA legal-
ly lapsed.
After President Truman had vetoed
on June 29 a previous OPA extension
bill on the grounds it was "unwork-
able" the House had voted a 20-
day, full authority extension of OPA.
But the Senate, after a week of
debate, finally passed at 1:56 a.m.
(E.S.T.) today a bill which exempted
major food items, among other
things, from any further federal
price control.
Senator Taft (Rep.-Ohio) said
today the Senate's 62 to 15 vote for
the modified price control bill was
a notice to President Truman and
Congress does not like the "out-
rageous methods of 'he OPA."
Veto of Rent
Control Asked
"Veto the Rent Control Bill passed
by the Michigan Legislature," asked
the State of Michigan Veterans As-
sociation in a telegram and letter to
Governor Kelly yesterday.
"This state bill has no real force
or power and will be a fast sure step
toward inflation," the veterans de-
clared.
"Furthermore," they said, "the pas-
sage of such a bill at the present
time will exempt the State of Michi-
gan from the controls in the Federal
Bill now before Congress."
"We are strongly in favor of a bill
which will more effectively control
rents and make adjustments as ne-
cessary," the statement concluded,
"and in the best interests of the
state, the Veterans Association asks
for the veto of this state Rent Con-
trol Bill."
SENATOR'S DAUGHTER IN PICKET LINE... "Father and I no
longer agree on labor matters," Mrs. Francis Sayler (second from right),
daughter of Sen. Burton K. Wheeler of Montana, was quoted as saying
as she joined pickets in the strike at Whyte Electric Co., plant at Mt.
Clemens, Mich. She is the wife of a United Auto Workers union or- ^
ganizer. Other pickets are unidentified.
BACK TO BIKINI AGAIN:
Atomic Scientists Forecast
Results of Second T'est Bomb
v:
House Vote Send
Bill to Presiden
Russia Looms Large in Bitter Debate
Before Representatives Pass Measure
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, July 13-Congress gave final approval today to
$3,750,000,000 loan to Great Britain, sending the legislation to Pres
dent Truman by a House vote of 219 to 155.
The Senate already had authorized the huge fund intended to reha
tate England's war-disorganized international trade.
1 In closing debate, proponents shouted that the decision on aid for
wartime ally would determine whether the world will turn to Washin
or Moscow for leadership.
Russia loomed large in the long and bitter House arguments, w
ended with Speaker Rayburn (Dem., Tex.) appealing for approval of
credit, lest England and Western Europe "be pushed into an ideolo
despise."
Final Congressional approval occurred after the House had beaten
219 to 154 an effort to require Britain to put up "merchantable" collat
beyond that government's pledge toy * * *
Aboard U.S.S. Mount McKinley,
July 13-(P)-Scientists expect strong
magic to be conjured by Bikini's
second atomic bomb, such as rolling
back the waters of the lagoon like a
biblical Red Sea.
They expect the lagoon's bottom
to be left dry for several seconds, be-
fore the waters rush back.
Here are other magic tricks ex-
pected of the atomic bomb when it
is touched off beneath the waters of
Bikini Lagoon July 25 (July. 24, U.S.
time.) :
To Form Water Spout
Throwing five to 15 million tons
of water in solid or spray form as
high as 25,000 feet; creating an enor-
mous bubble g. owing at a fantastic
rate which, upon bursting, will form
a tremendous waterspout and leave
momentarily- a great cavity in the
water.
Crunching the hulls of some ships,
overwhelming others with waves tow-
ering more than 100 feet which will
race out from the base of the water-
spout.
Scientists Forecast
A group of task force scientists,
whose forecasts on phenomena in the
first tests proved highly accurate,
made these predictions today for the
underwater blast at the urging of re-
porters, but explained that nothing
was sure in this business.
They included Dr. Ralph Sawyer,
Technical Director of the Task Force;
Dr. M. P. O'Brien, Oceanographer
and Dean of Engineering at the Uni-
versity of California; Dr. N. E. Brad-
bury of the Los Alamos, N. M., Lab-
oratory; Dr. G. K. Hartman, civilian
Students Plan
Homecoming
Plans for Homecoming Weekend
and pep rallies for next fall will be
discussed at the first meeting of the
Varsity Committee of Student Legis-
lature at 7:30 p.m. tomorrow in Rm.
306 of the Union.
All students who plan to be on
campus during the fall term and who
are interested in becoming perman-
scientist of the Navy Bureau of Ord-f
nance.
The news conference brought new
details of the elaborate safety pre-
cautions for firing the nuclear fission
depth charge.
pay.
Likewise, the House rejected all
amendments seeking possession, in
return for the loan, of British island
bases now held by the United States
,on 99-year lease.
Rep. Dirksen (Rep., Ill.), author
of the collateral amendment sug-
gested that in consideration for the
credit, Britain might put its middle
east oil resources, its wool, gold
mines, insurance companies and
"other security of a merchantable
nature."
Passage of any amendment would
have wrecked the financial agree-
ment, which was ratified by the Bri-
tish Parliament last December.
In brief, the loan agreement pro-
vides:
The loan would be made on a 50
year basis, repayable by the year
2001. There would be no interest
during the next five .years, but
interest at 2 per cent would be-
gin in 1951. In return, the British
agree:
1. To* wipe out, within one year,
the entire dollar pool established in
wartime to give British absolute con-
trol over dollars flowing into the
Middle East, India, and other em-
pire regions whose currency as based
on the. pound sterling.
2. Britain will begin negotiations
with Empire countries, particularly
India and the Middle East, for a
reduction in the $14,000,000,000 debt
which Britain owes there.
3. Further, she agrees to support
American proposals for removal or
reduction of barriers to international
trade.
Just before the House started vot-
ing, Rep. Taber of New York, senior
Republican on.the House appropria-
tions commiittee, took the floor brief-
ly and declared:
"The United States must stand
by the only ally standing by her in
the negotiations for peace."
Rep. Wolcott of Michigan, leading
Republican proponent of the legis-
lation declared the credit would help
"prevent the spread of those forces
throughout the world which are des-
tructive to the American way of life."
Willow Run to 'Put
Heat on Congress'
Individual pledges to buy only es-
sential goods and petitions, to be
sent to Michigan representatives, de-
manding effective price control, will
be signed Tuesday night at the giant
"Save OPA" rally at Willow Village.
Great Britain
Hails 3-Billion
Loan By U.S.
LONDON, July 13-(A'P)-Great B
tain's labor government tonight of
cially welcomed the $3,750,000,C
United States loan "as a sign
American friends want to work w:
us just as we want to work w
them."
In a statement reflecting natk
wide relief at the House of Repri
entatives' approval of the lor
awaited grant, Chancellor of the E
chequer Hugh Dalton said on bel
of his government:
"The American Congress has a
proved the loan. This does not me
that we can now relax our efforts
will hasten the time when we c
once more play full part in a vig
ous and expanding system of inti
zonal trade.
"I take the approval of the It
as a sign that our American frier
want to work with us just as we wz
to work with themt
"We have a common interest
reviving trade throughout the wc
and providing good standards of :
ing for men and women everywher
Early press and public reaction
the granting of the loan inclui
some resentment of criticisms
Great Britain voiced in the Uni
States during the last six moni
Some British feared also that ris
American prices would cut the vs
of the loan.,
U.S. Proposes
A-Bomb Veto
Be Eliminated
NEW YORK, July 13--P)t--The
United States proposed tonight that
the veto on atomic questions be
eliminated by international treaty
rather than by amendment to the
United Nations Charter.
In a new memorandum, submitted
to the U.N. Atomic Energy Commis-
sion, U.S. Representative Bernard M.
Baruch proposed that the veto issue
be disposed of in the proposed treaty
setting up an atomic control system.
This would make it unnecessary to
amend the charter, which some of
the atomic commission delegates
have admitted would be difficult, if
not impossible, in view of Russia's
avowed opposition.
There was no indication, however,
that Russia would be any more will-
ing to surrender her veto rights by
treaty than by amendment.
INDIVIDUAL INSTRUCTION:
Liberal Arts Honors Program
To B e Resumed in Fall Term
Campus, AVC
Plans To Fight
Risn Prices
The campus branch of the Ameri
can Veterans Committee announce
plans yesterday for a long-rang
campaign to fight rent and price rise
which will include a rally Wednes
day on the steps of the Rackhan
Auditorium to save OPA.
The first big step in the campaig
will be taken tomorrow when a spec
ial committee of Ann Arbor civi
groups under AVC leadership wi
petition the city Common Council fa
a temporary price stabilization la
to hold city prices at OPA leve
pending final Congressional action
Newcomb To Speak
Speakers at Wednesday's OPA rall
at 4 p.m. will be Prof. Theodore New
comb of the sociology- departmen
Assistant Dean of Women Mar
Bromage, and Jack Weiss, chairma
of the University Chapter of th
AVC. Rally chairman is Victor Baur
AVC vice-chairman, who said th
is the first time in many years tha
a rally of this type has been held c
the campus proper.
The police department will rerou
traffic in case the expected crowd a
the rally overflows into the stree
AVC has been told.
Parade Planned
Planned for Friday afternoon
a march downtown "to demand e
fective over-all price control" wil
other veteran organizations and in
terested civic and campus groups.
Baum summarized the AVC star
on the continuance of OPA by warn
ing that "many student veterans, ne
stretching to make ends meet, w
be driven from universities by
THE LONE DISSENTER:
Christman Contends Bonus
Bill Was 'Rammed Through'
The Honors Program in Liberal
Arts, cut short during the war, will
resume with the Fall semester, As-
sociate Dean Erich A. Walter of
the literary college ahnounced yes-
terday.
Applications for the program are
now being received at Dean Walter's
office or by Prof. John Arthos of the
English department.
'B' Average Necessary
Applicants must be entering the
first semester of their junior year
in the Fall, must have completed
their group requirements, and must
have obtained at least a "B" average
in their previous work.
When the program is resumed this
Fall. it is nManned to ofe initially
for specially qualified juniors and
seniors.
In place of a program of study
within a department, students in the
Program undertake a two-year course
of study in a central subject involv-
ing reading in various fields of know-
ledge.
In these programs groups of from
six to ten students worked with a
tutor during their two-year program,
meeting each week as a group and
also individually with the tutor.
Five Hours Credit
The Honors Group as such ac-
counts for five hours' credit a semes-
ter, and according to the individual
student's needs and interests, the
tutor recommends other courses in
By WILL HARDY
Lewis G. Christman, local repre-
sentative in the state legislature, is
back in Ann Arbor today fully con-
vinced that his lone dissenting vote
in the House against the proposed
$270,000,000 state veterans bonus was
"right."
The towering university law school
graduate, who also serves ,as secre-
tary to the Chamber of Commerce,
minced no words as he earnestly ex-
plained to The Daily his vote in a
booming, sometimes indignant, voice.
Says Bonus Not Necessary
"I'm convinced that the veterans
do not want the bonus, that it is not
say in November that they turned
the matter 'over to the people'," he
said.
Vets Will Be Taxed
The result will be that if the bonus
is approved, veterans, who will com-
pose 30 percent of the wage-earning
population in another five years, will
have to pay off the bonds through
taxation, Christman said. "And when
pay-off time comes, the cost will be
close to $400,000,000," he added.
He supported his reasons for op-
posing the bill with these explana-
tions:
1. Influential veteran leaders (in-