THE
MICHIGAN
air4tpan &iIl
Fifty-Sixth Year
I'D RATHER BE RIGHT:
Bikini: Test of Humanity
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Vim~«m rral a
Edited and managed by students of the University of
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Editorial Staff
Managing Editors .. Paul Harsha, Milton Freudenheim
ASSOCIATE EDITORS
City News ............................... Clyde Recht
University ............................ Natalie Bagrow
Sports .................................... Jack Martin
Women's ...................................Lynne Ford
Business Staff
Business Manager ........................ Janet Cork
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NIGHT EDITOR: WILL HARDY
Editorials published in The Michigan Daily
are written by members of The Daily staff
and represent the views of the writers only.
Aid for Scientists
LEGISLATION to establish afNational Science
Foundation was passed Friday by an over-
whelming Senate vote and sent to the House.
The measure provides for seven departmental
administrators under one national director, who
would be empowered to make grants for univer-
sities, colleges, and other research institutions
for the establishment of scholarships to high
school and college graduates who show out-
standing scientific abilities. Included in the
program would be the institution of research
fellowships covering seven all-encompassing
fields of science and technology: Mathematical
and physical sciences; biological sciences; medi-
cal sciences; national defense; engineering and
technology; scientific personnel and education;
and publications and information. It is esti-
mated that the financial investment involved
will require from 40 million to 300 million dol-
lars.
If the bilJ is passed by the House and signed
by the President, it will render a tremendous
impetus to scientific study and research in every
qualified education institution in the United
States. The bill would assure that no scientific
or technological student and no potentially
valuable research project would be thwarted or
stalemated owing to lack of funds. The measure
closely parallels the recommendations contained
in the recent report of Dr. Vannevar Bush, di-
rector of the Office of Scientific Research and
Development.
That the Government will supply the neces-
sary funds without in any wy dominating, con-
trolling, or directing the research, except
through the medium of the Foundation, is an
especially admirable feature of the prospective
law. Presumably, the proposed Foundation
would be directed and administered by sci-
entists, appointed by the President, rather than
by bureaucrats or other politicians. In this man-
ner, the Foundation would provide the country
with a long-range, politically independent pro-
gram for the advancement of science and tech-
nology. It would thus perform a genuine ser-
vice completely unfettered much as does the
National Bureau of. Standards at present.
It is to be hoped that the House will grant
approval and speed the bill to the President so
that the program may begin without unneces-
sary delay.
This bill will permit American science to keep
pace with the technological development of the
rest of the world; it will, in the final analysis,
raise the standard of American living to a level
heretofore, never imagined; it will assure an
adequate national defense without the necessity
for huge outmoded standing armies; and it will
ameliorate the financial stalemate of many re-
'search projects now in uncertain progress. If
administered by scientists,, it will prove itself to
be one of the most farsighted and significent
bills ever to emanate from the Congress of the
United States.
Richard W. Fink
Pre-A tomic Dangers
They had no atomic bombs, but other modern
...,.. ..,, ....----------- ,+- O f '-"M a
By SAMUEL GRAFTON
LOSANGELES-The atomic bomb seems to
stir up peculiar reactions in almost every-
body, and the test at Bikini Atoll has not failed
to produce this characteristic effect. Secretary of
the Navy Forrestal has appraised the damage
as "relatively unimportant," though five ships
were sunk and nine were badly damaged. One
seems to remember that in the late war the
Navy used to cheer as tremendous victories en-
gagements in which it caused the enemy much
less damage than this. Fourteen ships, sunk or
badly damaged, have become relatively unimpor-
tant only since the atomic bomb has become im-
portant; and Mr. Forrestal's relief that only this
much damage was done is perhaps the greatest.
piece of inverse testimony to the power of the
bomb on record.
Much of this comment follows this course of
attempting to deny the power of the bomb. One
observer said that the flash of light which came
with the explosion was not nearly so bright as
that of the sun. And the goats lived; and Navy
men have reported with delight that minnows are
still swimming in the waters near the test area.
A senator called the bomb a "mere fire-cracker."
In far-away Berlin the German press chortled
that the test was a bit of a flop.
The whole affords a rather fascinating study
in how men and institutions are moved by their
own interests. The atomic scientists rose in
quick defense against the bomb-knockers; Dr.
Compton said it seemed to him that a number
of the ships which had not even been hit had
been pushed around a good bit; and several
MAN TO MAN
R Ole of thePress4
By HAROLD L. ICKES
THE COMMITTEE on Un-American Activities
has asked the Congress to revise the income-
tax structure in order to eliminate tax deduc-
tions for advertisements publicizing "subversive
propaganda" and "idealogical theories" which
"bear no relation whatever to the sale and dis-
tribution of the products made or sold by the
advertiser."
This looks fair on its face, but, as a matter of
fact, such a ban is so broad that it could be
either meaningless or dangerous. The definition
of "subversive propaganda" as used in the past
by the Wood-Rankin Committee has been so
elastic that a food processor who wants people to
eat more of his products than they have been
eating could be accused of an insidious plot to
change the American way of life and therefore
indulging in "subversive propaganda." But be-
cause the proposal might be meaningless does
not mean that it would remain so, if enacted
into law.
This latest and most infamous attack upon
the civil liberties of the country should not go
unchallenged. In effect, the Conunittee seeks to
legalize Congressional censorship of public
opinion, and endow itself with legislative power
to determine what constitutes "un-American
or subversive propaganda" and at the same
time decide who shall be permitted to buy
space for, and publish opinion advertising.
The array of institutional and public service
advertising provided by various business firms,
individuals and non-profit organizations which
serve to inform the people and promote public
welfare would be placed in jeopardy by any
such law. This type of advertising was a strong
wartime ally of the government, thanks pri-
marily to the planning and coordination of the
War Advertising Council. Large sums were ex-
pended by business for "save paper"'and "don't
waste fat" programs requiring the cooperation
of the public.
Neither the Wood-Rankin Committee on
Un-American Activities, nor any other agency
or instrument of the government is qualified
to determine what constitutes "subversive pro-
paganda" in advertising or "idealogical the-
ories." Such a power would constitute denial
to the American people of the fundamental
Constitutional liberty of freedom of expression.
Democracy cannot afford to run such a risk
as would be involved. John Rankin must not be
given legislative authority to ride herd on ideas
that he cannot understand and which are, there-
fore, abhorrent to him.
The failings of the American press are not due
to the opinion advertising engaged in by Amer-
ican business organizations, or by various poli-
tical and non-profit organizations. By reason
of the fact that these opinions appear as an ad-
vertisement in a newspaper they are immediately
understood to be those of the firm or group that
sponsors them. The same is unhappily not so
with respect to the suppressions or disguised
opinions that sometime color the news or edi-
torial columns.
Public service advertising has represented a
tangible good in the past, and will in the future.
It has served selfish interests in some instances,
but for the most part it has been in the public
interest. It is not the function of the Congress,
let alone of a Congressional Committee to deter-
mine whether some ox is being gored. Rather, is
it the duty of the conscientious editor, or the dis-
criminating reader.
(Copyright, 1946, N.Y. Post Syndicate)
nuclear physicists gave ominous warning to
the effect that though the test goats might still
be alive, just wait until they tried to walk, and
they would fall flat on their front porches.
Members of the Senate atomic energy com-
mittee (which becomes an /unimportant com-
mittee the moment atomic energy becomes un-
important) counselled the public not to be lulled
into a false sense of security by early reports
of the bomb's ineffectiveness. One military man,
at least, was sure that the bomb had struck a
mighty blow against the Navy's targets, and that
the test proved the bomb could knock any coun-
try out of a war. He was, of course, not a Navy
figure, but a member of the Army Ground Forces,
Major General McAuliffe.
Most foreign observers, representatives of na-
tions which do not have the bomb, came as close
to scorn as they dared; one or two even said they
were bored by the test; and in this, their atti-
tudes were oddly like those of some of our own
Navy men, who noted happily that Navies were
saved, even before the scientists had a chance
to unlimber a single Geiger counter, and be-
fore they knew whether the surviving ships
wouldn't fall apart if shoved.
And it seems to me we are in great danger
from the bomb precisely because it rouses our
conservative instincts rather than our sense of
wonder. On the conscious level, we are duti-
fidly aware that the bomb is tremendous;
but on the unconscious level we build defenses
against the idea, which is easier than build-
ing them against the weapon; and our reac-
tions to the bomb recapitulate, in little, the
whole story of human conservatism.
One wonders whether there is any such thing
as objective thinking, and suddenly one has the
feeling that what happened at Bikini Atoll was
not a test of the bomb, but a test of ourselves.
The bomb did all right. The people present may
have flunked, as, with the wonder of the ages in
their hands, they made it a question of whether
the goats had survived, and tried to prove hap-
pily that Navies still could live, and wars could
still be fought, in a defiance of a weapon which
says they cannot. The atomic explosion at Bi-
kini may have been somewhat srfialler than was
expected, but it was our human reactions to the
event which really sounded like the fizzling of
wet caps in a toy gun.
(Copyright, 1946, N.Y. Post Syndicate)
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ONCE.AGAIN the undergraduate
is abroad in the land, storming
the bastions of opportunity. It is a
fearful world he has been ushered
into-a fearful and a wonderful one.
For the years in which his manhood
will lie will determine the fate of
humanity; either the nations will use
the new weapons which science has
put into their hands for raising man-
kind to a plentitude of living such as
it has never known before, or they
will go down to destruction.
There is one notable difference
between the attitude of youth on
this morrow of war and that of its
predecessors of a quarter of a century
ago. The world, they thought, had
been made safe for democracy, and
the future stretched ahead bright
with promise of increasing welfare
and happiness for society.
The courage demanded by the
youth of the present is by the very
measure of that first failure so much
the greater. For they must preserve
despite the knowledge that victory
may be lost even in the winning, and
they must build their new world un-
der the shadow of imminent destruc-
tion. It will require everything they
have to give of enthusiasm and eager-
ness and determination. But they
can give it in he knowledge that the
will to international peace counts as
never before in history.
-Saturday Review of Literature
-"a0
"Here domes another statistic,"
L
DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN
anted--Courage
f.
COURAGE, that popularly-propounded ideal of
the American classroom, is conspicuously
lacking in the convictions of the American pub-
lic today.
A democracy has indeed reached a sad state
of affairs when fear and the greed and selfish-
ness motivated by fear deny its citizens the abil-
ity to withstand and prevent the prejudice, the
blundering and the mismanagement which seem
to be ruling the main governing body of the-
United States. Thus has the American public
been plunged into a period of confusion, of
scandalous price raises, of shortages of all kinds,
which all might have been averted had there
been the courage on the part of the people to
recognize their responsibilities as citizens of a
democracy. For courage is definitely needed to
elect law-mgakers who realize that their electors
are not afraid to object if their wishes are not
carried out to the fullest extent.
Obviously, however, there is little use for cour-
age if the principles of government lack clear
definition.
Because the electors do not have the courage
to make sacrifices the dread spectre of inflation
makes good its threat.
This might all possibly be changed simply
through a greater awareness on the part of every
voter concerning his responsibility as a very real
part of the workings of a democracy. Perhaps
that can be achieved only through compulsory
voting. It is a sad admission to have to make,
that the citizens in a democracy should have
to be forced to make their will known, the crux
on which such a form of government must re-
solve, or perish.
Another answer to the problem might be the
lowering of the age requirement for voters. The
practicability of this suggestion is clearly borne
out in the evident enthusiasm and sincerity of
young Georgian voters in their current election
campaign.
America is a young country and its forward-
looking and liberal spirit cannot be retained if
the policymakers are for the majority "past
their prime" and leaning strongly toward con-
servatism and reaction.
Whatever solution is finally adopted, it is clear
that neither can be really effective without a
thorough going-over as well of the educational
system in America. Voters must be taught the
weaknesses and defects of the democratic sys-
tem, as well as the duties and responsibilities
of every single person who enjoys its rights and
privileges.
Or are we to ignore and forget the phrase in
one of America's most popular patriotic songs,
that has become almost a cliche, that America
is "the land of the free and the home of the
brave"?
-Natalie Bagrow
Publication in the Daily Official Bul,
letin is constructive notice to all mem-
bers of the University. Notices for the
Bulletin should be sent in typewritten
form to the office of the Summer Ses-
sion, Room 1213 Angell Hal by 3:30 p.m.
on the day preceding publication (11:00
a.m. Saturdays).
WEDNESDAY, JULY 10, 1946
VOL. LVI, No. 6S
Notices
Summer Session Chorus: Changed
to T.W.Th. at 7 p.m., Room 315 Hill
Auditorium-back entrance nearest
to the Tower. All students on cam-
pus are welcome to try out.
The Institute of Public Adinnistra-
tion of the University offers five re-
search assistantships in public ad-
ministration. The $500 stipend for
the academic year 1946-47 will be
given for work on selected projects
in the Institute's Bureau of Govern-
ment. This work will enable the stu-
dent.to satisfy the internship for the
M.P.A. degree. Interested graduate
students should make application to
the Graduate School not later than
August 1.
New York Civil Service Announce-
ment has been received in this office
for Dental Hygienists in New York
City. There are sixty vacancies. Sal-
ary is $1,320 base pay, $1,680 bonus
rate per annum. For further infor-
mation call at the Bureau of Ap-
pointments, 201 Mason Hall.
Job Registration material may be
obtained at the Bureau of Appoint-
ments, 201 Mason Hall, during office
hours (9:00 to 12:00 and 2:00 to
4:00) through Friday of this week.
This applies to August graduates as
well as to graduate students or staff
members who wish to register and
who will be available for positions
next year. The Bureau has two place-
ment divisions: Teacher Placement
and General Placemenit. The General
Division includes service to people
seeking positions in business, indus-
try, and professions other than edu-
cation.
It is important to register now be-
cause there will be only one registra-
tion during the summer sessions.
There is no fee for registration,
French Tea today at 4 p.m. in the
cafeteria of the Michigan League.
All students taking French 31, 32, 61,
83 and any course in French litera-
ture would profitly greatly by at-
tending regularly these French teas,
Any student on the campus interest-
ed in practicing French conversa-
tion is cordially invited to join the
group.
International Center: The Summer
Session Reception to .Foreign Stu-
dents will be held on Wednesday
evening, July 10, in the Rackham
Assembly Hall. The informal recep-
tion will start promptly at 7:30
-o'clock. Foreign students, faculty,
and other American friends are in-
vited.
Child Psychiatrist, from the Univer-
sity Hospital.r
Service Women interested in dis-
cussing plans for the formation of aj
social organization to serve their in-
terests are invited to attend a brief
meeting Monday evening, July 15,
at 8 p.m. in the Michigan League.1
Interested Service women, unable to
attend, may call Anne Dearn-
ley, phone 2-4561 if they desire to7
be informed of future meetings.
French Club: Bastille Day will be
celebrated Monday, July 15, at 8 p.m.
in Room 305, Michigan Union. Pro-
fessor Rene Talamon, of the Ro-
mance Language Department, will
offer a reading of known French
works. Group singing and a social
hour.A special invitation to join
the club is made to students in
French 31, 32, 61, 83, 153, 159 and
in all French courses of literature.
Foreign students are also cordially;
invited as well as any student inter-
ested in improving his oral French.
No charge.
Art Cinema League International
Film program, first presentation,
Heart of Paris, with Raimu, Michele
Morgan, four-star comedy. English
sub-titles. Rackham Auditorium, at
8:30 p.m., Wed., Thurs. Season tick-
ets available at all bookstores, Union
and League.
Women in Education luncheon at
the Russian Tea Room, Michigan
League today at 11:45 to 1:00 p.m.
Men's Education Club meeting in
the Michigan Union at 7:15 p.m. to-
day.
International Center: The first in
a series of weekly Thursday teas of
the Summer Session will be held
Thurs., July 11, at 4 p.m. in the In-
ternational Center. Language tables
will convene. Summer school faculty,
students, and others interested are
invited.
The Unversity of California has
half time teaching assistantships in
its nursery school. For details call
the Bureau of Appointments, Ext.
489.
The Coffee Hour for all students
in Greek and Latin classes will be
held in the East Lounge of the Rack-
ham Building on Friday, July 12, at
4:00 p.m.
Flying C}ub: There will be a meet-
ing for all iembers of the University
Flying Club in room 1042 East Engi-
neering Building, Wed., July 10, 1946.
Faculty members and students inter-
ested are also invited. The meeting
will start at 7:30 p.m.-!
"Papa Is All", comedy by Patterson
Greene, opens tonight at the Lydia
Mendelssohn Theatre as the first
play on the summer bill to be pre-
sented by the MichiganReperatory
Players of the department of speech.
A matinee Saturday at 2:30 .is sched-
uled and especially good seats are
available for this performance. Tick-
ets are on sale daily at the theatre
bo office, which is open from 10
a.m. to 8:30 p.m.
Spanish Club: The first meeting
of the summer session Spanish Club
will take place on Thursday, July
11, at 8 p.m., in Room 318 of the
Michigan Union. The program will
consist of elections of officers, Span-
ish songs, and a social hour. All
students are' cordially invited to at-
tend.
Spanish Teas: Every Tuesday and
Friday, language tables will convene
in the League cafeteria at 4 p.m. for
informal conversation practice. On
Thursdays, the group will meet at the
International Center at 4 p.m. All
students interestedl in practicing
Spanish conversation are invited to
attend.
Lectures
Lecture: There will be a lecture
by Charles W. Sanford, Professor of
Secondary Education, University of
Illinois in the University High School
Auditorium at 4:05 today. The topic
is "Desirable Changes in the -Per-
sonnel Administration of Secondary
Schools."
Professor Kenneth L. Pike will give
a demonstration of the first steps in
linguistic analysis when a bilingual
interpreter is not available. This is
a special lecture in the Amphitheatre
in the Rackham Building, today,
July 10, 7:30 to 9:30 p.m.
Professor Thomas A. Sebeek, of
Indiana University, will speak at 1:00
p.m., Thursday, July 11, in Room 302
Michigan Union, on the subject, "The
Hungarian Vocabulary."
On Thursday, July 11, at 4:10 p.m,
Dr. Arthur W. Bromage, Professor of
Political Science, will speak on the
topic "Total War and the Preser-
vation of Democracy."
This is the first lecture on the
special program of Social Implica-
tions of Modern Scienee and will be
given in the Rackham Amphitheatre.
At 8:10 p.m. Thursday evening,
Dr. H. R. Crane, Associate Professor
of Physics, will talk on "Recent Ad-
vances in the Physical Sciences".
This is the second lecture of the
series on Social Implications of Mod-
ern Science and will be given in the
Rackham Amphitheatre.
Lecture: Dr. Ralph B. Perry, Pro-
fessor of Philosophy of Harvard Uni-
versity, will speak on Friday, July 12
at 8 p.m. in the Rackham Lecture
Hall. His topic will be "What is the
Good of Science". The public is in-
vited.
Colton Storm, Curator of Manu-
scripts and Maps at the Clements
Library will give three lectures on
the Collecting of Rare Books, July 22,
23, 24. In the Rare Books Room,
Clements Library, 5:00 p.m.
Academic Notices
Graduate students: Courses may
be dropped with record from July
8 until July 27.
By a recent ruling of the Executive
Board of the Graduate School,
courses dropped after July 27 will
be recorded with a grade of E.
BARNABY
The J. J. O'Malley Housing Project has an
exceedingly modest goal, m'boy. Merely a
thousand homes for a thousand deserving
families. Naturally, construction begins
ni nra lmtn.. .nmy na,-enn .,r. a i ..m
But wait! We'll need the services of
a housing expediter. To relieve your
Fairy Godfather of burdensome details.
Someone familiar with every nook and