PAGE TWO
THE MICHIGAN DAILY
THURSDAY, JULY 26,
_.
Fifty-Fifth Year
WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND:
Showdown in Potsdam on India
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NIGHT EDITOR: RAY DIXON
Editorials published in The Michigan Daily
are written by members of The Daily staff
and represent the views of the writers only.
Near East Problem
FREQUENTLY BURSTING OUT with rhetoric
and quoting from English poets, an Ameri-
can short-story writer and Greek mythologist,
Prof. Clark Hopkins of the Greek and Latin De-
partment, Tuesday afternoon presented the Arab
viewpoint of the Near East problems before a
Rackham Amphitheatre audience.
Purportedly discussing the "Problems of the
Relations of the United States and the Arab
World," Prof. Hopkins spent more than an
hour lavishly distributing blame for unrest
in the Near East among the British, theFrench
and the Jews. While he admitted that there
was something to be said on the other side,
Irof. Hopkins took great pains to avoid say-
ing it. Not only did he deplore Jewish adher-
ence to "sterile nationalism" (his concept of
Zionism), but in the same breath he took great
pity on Jewish shortmindedness in failing to
use their resources to help Arabs in other parts
of the Near East.
Completely overlooking the fact that all land
settled by Jewish immigrants in Palestine was
paid for in cash by Jews, Prof. Hopkins looked
upon the return of Jews to the Holy Land as tan-
tamount to an invasion of Arab rights and Arab
land. -While he admitted that the European
Jews had suffered greatly at the hands of the
Nazis, he compared Zionism with the Nazi con-
cept of imposing a superior "kultur" upon an-
other people. "I was greatly dismayed," he said,
"to find street signs in Telaviv (a Jewish city)
and scientific works written in Hebrew, an ar-
chaic language." He did not explain how an ar-
chaic language spoken in an all-Jewish city is
evidence of imposition of a superior "kultur."
He deplored the alleged misconstruals of
the Balfo'ur Declaration, its support by both
the Republican and Democratic Parties in
1944, and denied that it promised a homeland
to *tle Jews or unrestricted immigration of
Jews into Palestine. He failed to say, that if
the Balfour Declaration promised neither of
these things, just what it did promise.
-Arthur J. Kraft
Veteran's Friend
EPRESENTATIVE RANKIN is at it again.
His latest trick has been to sneak a bill
through the House Veteran's Committee, sneak
because most of the members were not present,
that would make scabs out of returning veterans.
Waving a flag and shouting a job for veterans
has been Rankin's tool this time. The would-be
law that has emanated from him would exempt
veterans from joining a union where a closed
shop is established.
The American Veterans Committee, with
reference to similar legislation pending in Cal-
ifornia, has said that "what (the veterans)
probably would receive, in return for the priv-
ilege of not having to join a union, is a return
to the good old days of lowered wages, wor-
sened working conditions, wildcat strikes, viol-
ence on the picket lines, jurisdictional disputes
between competing unions, and cheap scab
labor driving them off their jobs."
Rankin's idea is quite obvious . . . let's use any
means we can to ruin organized labor. And if
we can attach something like the rights of our
returning servicemen to the picture, so much
the better. Of course Rankin's "rights" would
undoubtedly lead to the veterans' ruin.
Rankin, with typical obliviousness to factual
reports, drafted his new bill after a report had
By DREW PEARSON
WASHINGTON-Before he left for Potsdam,
President Truman expressed concern to in-
timate advisers regarding heavy American loss--
es on Okinawa and his desire to cut these losses
by getting our allies to share a greater burden
in the war against Japan.
He made it clear that this would be one of his
chief goals at the Big Three conference. Since
arriving at Potsdam, reports indicate that Tru-
man has followed this up by trying to bring Rus-
sia into the war and secure larger British par-
ticipation against Japan. If he accomplishes
this, he will have succeeded where President
Roosevelt failed.
Roosevelt tried among other things to tap
the vast reservoir of manpower in India, where
the British have an army of around 2,000,000
men chiefly engaged in preventing Indian re-
volt, But when the late President suggested
that political conditions in India be improved
in order to give the Indian army an incentive
to fight, Churchill banged on the table and
proclaimed that India was part of the British
Empire.
Indian Mercenary Army
ROOSEVELT HAD BEFORE HIM a confiden-
tial report from his personal ambassador,
William Phillips, that "the Indian army is purely
mercenary." "General Stilwell has expressed to
me his concern over the situation," Phillips said,
"and in particular in regard to the poor morale
of the Indian offiters. The attitude of the gen-
eral public toward the war is even worse."
Later the British denied that the Indian army
was mercenary and lacked the will to fight. But
U. S. military advisers point to the following
significant fact. It required the Japanese three
months to take Singapore, all Malaya and all
Burma. In contrast, it has now been two years
since Churchill announced at Quebec in July
1943 that Lord Louis Mountbatten would com-
mand the campaign to retake Burma. In those
two years, Burma has not yet been cleaned out
and Singapore is a long way from being back in
British hands.
Anti-American Propaganda
FOR MANY MONTHS, both during the Roose-
velt and Truman administrations, this sub-
ject has been pounded home by experts in the
State, War and Navy Departments. They have
pointed out that the United States, through
lend-lease, has helped equip the British Indian
army, that this lend-lease has been used not to
fight the war, but chiefly to prevent revolt.
They have argued that if Great Britain is
to give any real manpower assistance in the
war against Japan, India is the nearest, great-
est, quickest reservoir of men. But they have
also pointed out that the British government
instead of endeavoring to cooperate with the
United States, has actually pulled in the op-
posite direction.
These are strong statements. But they are
made by responsible people in the State Depart-
ment. For instance, last year Wallace Murray,
then political adviser to the Secretary of State,
now U. S. minister to Iran, addressed a memo
to Secretary Hull to the effect that the British
were spending money on an anti-American cam-
paign in India. Basing this on high-ranking
Indian official sources, Murray reported:
The British are spending 100,000 rupees this
year in India for anti-American propaganda
and are spending 200,000 rupees for anti-In-
dian propaganda in the United States.
"One manifestation of the anti-American
propaganda indulged in by the government of
India is the official atitude toward certain gues-
tions asked by British soldiers at lectures ...
"One question that often crops up is lend-
lease and how does it work. This was referred
to New Delhi and although nothing was writ-
ten down as the standard stock answer, the
word was sent around to everybody that the
stock answer was to be to the effect that lend-
lease is a means thought up by President
Roosevelt whereby, after this war, the Ameri-
cans would control all markets in countries
where lend-lease existed. A great deal of em-
phasis was to be placed on the effect of Amer-
ican control of trade in India."
U. S. Popular with Indians
ANOTHER SIGNIFICANT REPORT, written
earlier, came from John Davies, Jr., political
adviser to General Stillwell. In forwarding this
report from India to Washington, Ambassador
Phillips commented: "Mr. Davies' views and in-
terpretations of the Indian political problem are
entitled to great respect. The mission considers
that he has presented an excellent summary."
"We are going to invade Burma," Davies
wrote just as the Burma campaign was sup-
posed to get under way in 1943. "But what as,
pray? As silent partners to the British in the
reestablishment of colonial domination over
Burma?..
"Onefinal observation. Our troops are very
popular with the Indians. They are the best
ambassadors we have. It's their frank, direct.
inquisitive ways.
"I think the above letter is worth risking
my official neck - plenty of others are risk-
ing their physical ones-to be frank in these
times. We're in too tight a spot to pussy-
foot."
(Copyright, 1945. by the Bell Syndicate. Inc.)
ID RATHER BE RIGHT:
Keeping Order
By SAMUEL GRAFTON
A DISPATCH FROM THE HAGUE tells of a
Netherlands farmer, whose cow was seized
by the Germans during the occupation. He can
still see his cow, across the frontier, grazing on
German soil, but he seems unable to persuade
the Allies to get her back for him. It would be
extremely disorderly to let the farmer cross the
border, lay hands on his own cow, and bring
it home;.and so the Dutch farmer must be con-
tent with the thought that he has made his own
little contribution to order in Germany, .price,
one cow.
One begins to wonder how much it is going
to cost the world to maintain what we call
order in Germany, and the price seems to be
going up. Our troops are leaving Italy at a
great rate; there will be only 30,000 or so left
in the country by the end of the year. There
will be few in France, except those awaiting
passage. But a vast army of occupation, in
the neighborhood of half a million men, will
remain more or less permanently in our zones
of occupation in Germany; and where our
troops are stationed, there will be food for the
Germans, there will be coal, perhaps not much,
but enough to get by
For we proceed on the double principle that
we keep our troops stationed in certain areas to
maintain order among the people, and that we
must feed and fuel the people to maintain order
in the areas where our troops are stationed.
AND NOW THERE IS an additional thematic
development; it is revealed from Frankfort
on the Main, that German industry in the Amer-
ican zone is to be kept busy to an extent much
greater than at first expected. German factories
will be called on to produce goods for no less
than four separate purposes. These, as listed by
Mr. Drew Middleton of the New York Times, are
to meet the needs of the occupying forces; to
supply the needs of the United Nations outside
Germany, including the war against Japan; to
meet the reparations program; and, finally, to
supply the needs of the German population.
At first blush, it looks as if we were laying a
heavy burden on the Germans, making their
industry meet all these demands; but it also
means that their industry will be kept going at
a high level, intact and alive and functioning
This is the kind of punishment that saves. Mr.
Middleton does not see how we can talk seriously
about "crippling" German industry, while push-
ing this large program; and indeed it does seem
strange to build up the industry of one enemy,
Germany, in order to provide ourselves with
supplies for destroying another enemy, Japan.
While the German industry to be kept alive
is described as "light" industry, it includes
farm machinery and fertilizers, which are
traditionally convertible to tanks and explo-
sives, and have often been so converted.
ONCE AGAIN, that obscure fate which makes
us feed and fuel our enemies, while we starve
and neglect our friends, seems to be dogging us.
We lay no heavy burdens on French or Italian
industry, but we don't fuel or help them either.
What seems to be happening is that the mere
details of our German program, the need for
keeping order, for getting supplies, etc., have
been allowed to grow and mushroom up until
they have swallowed the major objective of our
program, which is the industrial disarmament
of Germany. The official mind works in just
that way.
If we really need supplies from Europe, let
us move German machinery to France and
Italy, and produce them there, as has been
suggested often enough before Congressional
committees, and let us accomplish our major
objective along with the minor one. If that
creates unemployment in Germany, let the
Germans sit on their doorsteps and wonder
how it came about. That makes more sense
than having our French and other friends sit-
ting on their doorsteps, and wondering how
they ever fell into so strange a fix.
(Copyright, 1945, N. Y. Post Syndicate)
THE
RANGEFI N DER
By JOHN A. MEREWETHER
THE STUDENT ORGANIZATION
for International Cooperation
has been organized to promote inter-
national goodwall among the youth
of the world. One of the concrete
ways we at the University are going
to do this is through assisting for-
eign universities to get started again
after the destruction brought by the
Japs and Nazis, and their allies in
Manchukuo, Italy, Hungary, Rou-
mania and Finland.
Through the SOCwe are going
to select some foreign university
to which we will give aid. It seems
to me we will have a difficult time
deciding just which university in
which ccutry is most deserving of
cur aid. I would like to suggest
that we decide this question on the
basis of which country has helped
us the most in defeating Hitler and
German fascism, and which coun-
try has sustained the greatest
amount of damage in that fight.
That seems to me a fair. democrat-
ic method of selection, if you be-
lieve in this war.
WITH SUCH a basis of selection
surely the Soviet Union deserves
first mention. The Soviet Union con-
tributed much to VE-Day. The So-
viet Armies and her civilian popula-
tion have suffered more than any
other three countries in this war.
For example, we have sustained to
date about 1,049,104 combat casual-
ties in this war. The civilian casual-
ties would not raise this much. As I
understand from the newspapers the
Soviet Union has sustained over 15,-
000,000 casualties. British casualties
are high, yes, but not that high. Of
course France, Greece, and Yugo-
slavia have not come near this fig-
ure. And if you compare property
damage, an area as large on the
whole as eastern United States was
wrecked by the fanatical Nazis in the
Ukraine and Byelorussia mainly. The
areas destroyed in England, France
or Greece are infinitessimal in com-
parison.
China's case is complex. She has
made a poor showing militarily. The
unofficial guerilla andComunist arm-
ies are recognized by many reporters
and commentators as the best fight-
ers against the Japanese, but they
lack equipment. In area of devas-
tation China has suffered greatly, but
half of the devastation was caused by
the Koumintang Armies. Combat
casualties are high, but casualties
caused by the starvation policies of
the Koumintang landlords or the
anti-Communist wars by the Kou-
mintang have caused as much dam-
age practically. On such a basis, I
would reject China as claiming pri-
ority upon reconstruction aid from
us. She needs rather some home
grown political reconstruction first.
In the Soviet .Union, regardless
of what we feel about her govern-
ment and economic organization,
we do know that reconstruction aid
would be used by that country
which suffered most and contribut-
ed most in the anti-fascist war of
1941-45.
DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN
Publication in the Daily Official Bul-
letin is constructive notice to all mem-
bers of the University. Notices for the
Bulletin should be sent in typewritten
form to the Summer Session office,
Angeli Hall, by 2:30 p. m. of the day
preceding publication (10:30 a. m. Sat-
urdays).
CENTRAL WAR TIME USED IN
THE DAILY OFFICIAL
BULLETIN
THURSDAY. JULY 26, 1945
VOL. LV.. No. 17S
Notices
Beta Eta Chapter of Alpha Kappa
Alpha Sorority sponsors a summer
dance at Smith Catering Service Fri-
day evening. July 27, 1945. Music by
the Sophisticated Five. Tickets may
be purchased from members of the
chapter.
Russian students are urged to come
to the Russian table for conversa-1
tional practice at the weekly Inter-
national Center teas; Thursday, 4:00
to 5:30 (EWT).
Chamber Music Concert: The sec-
ond in a series of five chamber music
programs will be presented at 7:30
p. m. (CWT), Thursday, July 26, in
Pattengill Auditorium, Ann Arbor
High School. The program will con-
sist of compositions by Mozart and
Brahms and will be played by Gil-
berthRoss, violinist, LouiseyRood,
violinist, Robert Swenson, cellist, Jo-
seph Brinkman, pianist, and Myron
Russell, oboist.
Other programs in the series will
be heard Thursday evenings, Aug-
ust 2, 9, and 16. All are open to the
general public without charge.
French Club: Professor Julio Payro
from Buenos Aires and visiting pro-
fessor in the Department -of Fine
Arts, will give an illustrated lecture
in French on the French painter Paul
Gauguin on Thursday, July 26 at
8 p.m. (EWT), 7 p.m. (CWT), in
room D, Alumni Memorial Hall. After
the lecture the members of the club
will gather in the grill room of the
Michigan League for a social hour.
All those interested are cordially in-
vited to hear the lecture of Professor
Julio Payro.
State of Connecticut Personnel De-
partment announcement for Social
Worker, $1,560-$1,860, has been re-
ceived in our office. Information re-
garding application and experience
may be obtained at the Bureau of
Appointments, 201 Mason Hall.
Pi Lambda Theta will initiate new
members Thursday, July 26, in the
West Conference room of the Rack-
ham building. A talk by Dr. Mar-
guerite Hall on the national com-
mittee meeting in New York which
she attended will be given: All mem-
bers are welcome.
Men interested in applying for life
guard position at local beach, contact
Bureau of Appointments, 201 Mason
Hall, for further information.
Tea Dance at the International
Center on Friday, July 27, 3 to 5
p. m. (CWT). Foreign students and
their American friends cordially in-
vited.
Classical Coffee Hour. For students
and friends of the Departments of
Latin and Greek. Friday, July 27, at
4:15 (EWT) in the West Conference
Room of Rackham Building.
Academic Notices
Attention Engineering Faculty:
Five-week reports below C of all
Navy and Marine students who are
not in the Prescribed Curriculum;
also for those in Terms 5, 6, and 7
of the Prescribed Curriculum are to
be turned in to Dean Emmons' Of-
fice, Room 259, W. Eng. Bldg., not
later than August 4. Report cards
may be obtained from your depart-
mental office.
Candidates for the Teacher's Cer-
tificate for August and October A
list of candidates has been posted on
the bulletin board of the School of
Education, Room 1431 University
Elementary School. Any prospective
candidate whose name does not ap-
pear on this list should call at the
office of the Recorder of the School
of Education, 1437 U.E.S.
Students who intend to take the
Language Examination for Masters'
degrees in History should sign up in
advance in the History Office, 119
Haven Hall. The examination is to
be given on Thursday, August 2nd, at
4 p.m. EWT, in Room B, Haven Hall.
College of Literature, Science and
the Arts, Schools of Education, For-
estry, Music and Public Health. Stu-
dents who receive marks of I or X at
the close of their last semester or
summer session of attendance will
receive a grade of E in the course or
courses unless this work is made up
by August 2. Students wishing an
extension of time- beyond this date in
order to make up this work should
file a petition addressed to the ap-
propriate official in their school with
Room 4, U.H. where it will be trans-
mitted.
Attention Engineering Faculty:
Five-week reports on standings of
all civilian Engineering freshmen and
all Navy and Marine students in
Terms 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the Prescrib-
ed Curriculum are due August 4. Re-
port blanks will be furnished by cam-
pus mail and are to be returned to
Dean Crawford's Office, Room 255,
W. Eng. Bldg.
Candidates for the Teacher's Cer-
tificate for August and October:
Please call at the office of the School
of Education, 1437 University Ele-
mentary School, on Thursday after-
noon, July 26, between 1:30 and 4:0
to take the teacher's oath. This is
a requirement for the teacher's certi-
ficate.
Concerts
Faculty Recital: David Blair Mc-
Closky, baritone, will be heard in a
"Program of Song Cycles" Tuesday
evening, July 31, 7:30 p. m. (CWT),
in Pattengill Auditorium of the Ann
Arbor High School. Captain Mc-
Closky will present compositions by
Beethoven, Schumann and Mahler.
The public is cordially invited.
Exhibitions
Clements Library. Japan in Maps
from Columbus to Perry (1492-1854).
Architecture Building. Student
work.
Michigan Historical Collections,
160 Rackham Building. The Uni-
versity of Michigan in the war.
Museums Building, rotunda. Some
foods of the American Indian.
General Library, main corridor
cases. Early military science sele-
tion from the Stephen Spaulding, '27,
memorial collection, presented by Col.
T. M. Spaulding, '02.,
Events Today
Linguistic Institute Luncheon Con-
ference. Thursday, July 26. Lunch-
eon at 11 a. m. CWT (12 noon EWT),
League Ballroom. Conference at 12
noon CWT ( 1 p. m. EWT) A B C
Room, Michigan League. "Were the
Moods Tenses?" Prof. E. Adelaide
Hahn, head of the department of
Latin and Greek, Hunter College.
Audience discussion will follow .the
paper.
The Russian Circle invites all mem-
bers and friends who are interested
in conversing in Russian to tea at
the International Center, this after-
noon, 3:00 to 4:30 CWT.
Postwar Council meets today at
4:00 (EWT) in the Union. New Mem-
bers are invited to attend.
Linguistic Institute. Introduction
to Linguistic Science. "Analogical
Creation of New Linguistic Patterns."
Prof. Franklin Edgerton. 6 p. m.
CWT (7 p. m. EWT), East Lecture
Room, Rackham Building; Note
change of room.
LETTER TO THE EDITOR:
'Adoption of Munich School
Would Foster Democracy'
IN THE SPRING of 1943, a group
of students were arrested. by the
Gestapo for the distribution of leaf-
lets which called upon the youth of
their University to join with them
against the Nazi domination, and to
spread the word to other University
groups. Their manifesto was a call
to those who believed in liberty of
thought and spirit, and was- signed
by a disilusioned veteran of the Stal-
ingrad front, along with a number
of others. The students were caught
and executed. But as recently as
April, 1945, word has been received
that the work that group did was
carried on, and that in universities
all over Germany there are groups
of that nature. Reports of the Amer-
ican Association for a democratic
Germany tell us of the help given by
students in saving the Rhine bridge
~
BARNABY
By Crockett Johnson
for the Allies, and of other informa-
tion and help German students have,
rendered.
I propose that we extend the
hand of friendship to the original
birthplace of the movement among
the university students, the Uni-
versity of Munich. We have heard
much talk about the reeducation
of Germany, brt nothing concrete
has yet been done, and very little
is heard of the democratic spirit
that is prevalent among German
university students. "In the name
of honor and liberty" these stu-
dents of Munich called upon their
fellows to create a new Europe, "a
Europe of the spirit." In the name
of Democracy, we can help them to
create that Europe. Today their
opposition is only on the basis of
a negative attitude toward totali-
tarianism and the destruction of
free thought by the Nazis. We must
help them to gain an understand-
ing of democracy and its positive
goals.
The young people who make up
these "Eidlewiess groups" can be put
to work under primitive conditions
for the reconstruction of roads, fac-
tories, dwellings. If, at the same
time, they can be filled with the ideal
of a new, democratic world, this
work can become a thing of faith,
and this generation of German youth
can be transformed into the healthi-
est part of the German people. Or itI
can be made a punitive measure, put-
ting upon the shoulders of the youth
of Germany the blame for the sins
of their fathers and older brothers,
and they will lose even the slim hold
they have upon the ideals of which
democracy is made.
You went to the stafion to meet
Aunt Minerva? Alone? Barnaby-
Iwent wifh Mr.O'Malley.
Mr. O'Malley?
7- p 7 y T5Y s PM1i
"Mr. O'Malley" is the bane of our existence.
He's an imaginary little pink-winged Pixey-
F es How utterly
my Fairy delightful!
Godfather. d
& a
The wonderful fantas)
childhood! I want to h
about this ethereal Mr
He's very
interested
in you, too.
c,
y world of You will,
earn more Minerva.
r. O'Malley yM. er.
C s
CROcKGE T
JONN /
Oh, yes, I know how people love to meet
authors. And if you want to give a small
party in my honor, I won't mind at all....
I hate large affairs-What? Six or
eight people? Hmm. That IS a small
party, isn't it? Yes. Nice and small.
Hello, m'boy. Has your illustrious aunt 'I
arrived safely? Excellent.. . I rushed
over because I've got a few new ideas
I
I