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July 23, 1944 - Image 1

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Michigan Daily, 1944-07-23

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Weather,
Scattered Showers

VOL. LIV No. 15-S

ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN SUNDAY, JULY 23, 1944

PRICE FIVE CENTS

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Americans

Gain

Key

Position

on

Guam
Progress Is

HitlerAppeals for
Loyalty of Army
Many Military Leaders Withhold
Pledge of Full Allegiance to Regime
By The Associated Press
LONDON, July 22-Adolf Hitler issued an appeal today for loyalty
from the revolt-ridden German army, many of whose top leaders remained
ominously missing from those publicly professing allegiance to the Nazi
dictator and his shaken regime.
A tight official control was maintained over all information out of
Germany, and virtually nothing was known beyond the Nazi version of
events within the country, but in the Nazis' own picture evidence mounted
that the army revolt was deep and perhaps far from being quelled.
Many Rumors Spring Up
Among many rumors springing up from all over Europe was a second-
hand underground report saying that Junker generals out of Hitler's favor
shad set up a rival regime and called

PENDULUM SAYS "BOSSES FLOUT COMMON PEOPLE":

Kelly, Hague, et al Charged With "Steering"!
Democratic Convention To Oust Wallace

Made Near
Port Apra

* * 4'

* * *

* 4' *

Allies Gain in
France Despite
Muddy Terrain
Nazi Counter-Thrusts
Repulsed in Bitter Fight
SHAEF, Sunday, July 23.-()-
Despite mud which bogged down
fighting along much of the Nor-
mandy front yesterday, Allied forces,
after repulsing several German
counterattacks, struck out in two
sectors, making substantial gains and
capturing at least three more vil-
lages.
The Allied offensives were balked
at the key points eight miles east of
Caen and at St. Lo by six-inch deep
mud-the result of two days of tor-
rential rain-but Americans and Ca-
nadians improved their positions at
intermediate points.
Re-occupy Maltot
Four miles south of Caen the
Canadianin morning and afternoon
drives lopped off a four-sided Ger-
man salient of several square miles
along the Orne, taking the towns of
Etavaux and Etervilie and re-occu-
pying Maltot. Earlier in the day
headquarters had acknowledged Mal-
tot was back in German hands.
Forty-five miles to the west, just
north of Periers, American dough-
boys drove several hundred yards
across the Little Seves River near the
town of Seves to form a new spear-
head which threatened the Caren-
tan-Periers road below the present
Allied drive down the road from the
northeast." The new spearhead
drove to within a mile and a half of
the highway.
Bitter Fighting Rages
The bitter fighting-in sharp con-
trast to the quiet everywhere else on
the 100-mile front-began late Fri-
day and raged for ten hours as the
German infantrymen tried repeat-
edly to catch up with their tanks,
Associated Press Correspondent Rog-
er D. Greene reported.
Hannegan Wins
Reelection as
Party Chairman
CHICAGO, July 22-(AP)-Robert
E. Hannegan, of St. Louis, was re-
elected chairman of the Democratic
National Committee today and im-
mediately pledged his efforts to ac-
complish a welding of all factions
within the party to bring a Novem-
ber victory to the Roosevelt-Truman
ticket.
With a cash balance of $116,000 on
hand but a campaign fund of $3,000,-
000 to be raised, the party renamed
all of its national committee officers
and heard reports that Senator Har-
ry S. Truman of Missouri, the Presi-
dent's new running mate,sprobably
would carry on an extensive cam-
paign while the chief executive gives
most of his time to the war.
At a news conference, Truman
tended all along to get in the war
early enough to .get credit for the
made public an exchange of con-
gratulatory telegrams with the Pres-
ident while, meantime, an official
announcement of his second ballot
nomination for vice president showed
he received 1,031 of the convention's
1,176 votes, with Vice President Hen-
ry A. Wallace getting 105.

upon the German people for support,
claiming the participation of "gener-
als commanding various army groups
and a number of garrisons in various
towns of Germany."
This report, broadcast by the Mos-
cow radio and quoting the mysterious
anti-Nazi radio Atlantic said the
new regime was headed by Field Mar-
shal General Wilhelm Keitel, chief
of the High Command, Field Marshal
General Walther Von Brauchitsch,
former Commander-in-Chief of the
German army, Gen. Franz Halder,]
former Chief of the General Staff,
and Field Marshal Fedor Von Bock,
commander of the first army group.
Most Reports Unconfirmed1
On the other hand, unconfirmed
reports in neutral capitals have nam-
ed some of these, notably Von Brau-
chitsch and Halder, as among those
already liquidated by the Nazi purge.
Two full days after he first an-
nounced the army revolt, Hitler ad-
dressed an order of the day to the
army telling of the attempt on his
life and the abortive coup, de'etat,
closing with this pointed sentence:
"I know that as hitherto you will
fight with exemplary obedience and
loyalty until victory is ours in spite
of all."
Turks Expected
To .Enter War
On Allied Side
WASHINGTON, July 22-(AP)-
The bloody breakup of the Nazis and
the Junkers is expected here to has-
ten Turkey's entrance into the war
on the Allied side and complete the
deterioration of Germany's diplo-I
matic position in Europe.
These are the conclusions of Am-
erican authorities seeking to measure
the effect on the war of the violent
split in German leadership. As a
spectacular development favorable to
the Allied cause this breach of unity
is considered here to be offset by
only one thing at the moment-the
bad weather in Normandy.
Among military men a most ser-
ious view is taken of today's reports
that mud has checked the British
offensive at Caen just when it was
beginning to roll with real power.
So far there has been no evidence
that the row between Hitler and the
Junkers generals had had any ma-
terial effect on the resistance of
Nazi troops on the French front.
Diplomatic officials, however, find
it possible to make estimates more
readily. In the case of Turkey, it is
believed that the row may help Al-
lied interests in this way:
For reasons of prestige in Allied-
dominated post-war world as well as
because close ties with Britain and
a long friendship with Russia, the
Turks are understood to have in-
tended all along to get in the war
early enough to get credit for the
action.

By BERNARD ROSENBERG
Special to The Daily
CHICAGO STADIUM-July 22.-
With the cards stacked heavily
against him, Henry Wallace went
down to defeat Friday in the Chicago
Stadium. But he did it in such a
way as to enhance his immense popu-
larity with the common man whom
he has always championed.
Senator Harry S. Truman, new
Democratic Vice-Presidential Candi-
date, is a good man. That Henry
Wallace is a better one is incidental
to the forces behind each political
figure.
American democracy was tramp-
led underfoot at this convention
in a manner that can but redound
ill to the names of those involved.
On the side of Truman was "Boss-
ism"; on side of Wallace were peo-
ple. Last week-end 64% of the
rank and file of Democratic voters
had expressed preference for Wal-
lace above any aspirant. Dr. Gal-
lup had revealed that but a mea-
ger 2% wanted Truman. How then
did the Senator become the nomi-
nee?
For the answer, one needed but to
look at the beaming features of
"Big" Jim Farley, as he cast his half
vote for Senator Barkley. Content-
ment that could probably be seen in
the last tier of the stadium emanated
from Farley's face. He and his fel-
low politicos had stopped Wallace
cold.
Take genial Jim's hand, entwine it
with Boss Hague's and Ed Kelly's
and Tom Pendergrast's, put Henry
Wallace in the middle; Squeeze..
Then you have a pretty good picture
of the way in which the people's will
was flouted at this convention.
Time and again Chairman Jack-
son had to call for order in a gallery
packed with Wallace boosters who
kept chorusing their support for him
throughout the crucifixion. Boss
Kelly personally nominated Senator
Lucas as a smoke-screen candidate
behind whom he could hide until the
second climatic ballot when Illinois,
along with almost every state dele-
gation, bolted to Truman.
Kelly started to say, "We want-"
and the gallery shouted "Wallace".
Five times Kelly started that sen-
tence and five times the people fin-

II. i- 7 iA A $/A~ s~ 'A

ished it for him in their own way.
That was the most heart-warming
scene of a generally disgraceful cha-
rade. .
(For an additional sidelight on
Senator Truman's nomination, see
THE WASHINGTON MERRY GO
ROUND on page four today).
The delegates themselves seemed
none to enthusiastic about the man
their superiors had engineered in-
to nomination. If the delegates
were unenthusiastic, the spectators
were irate. They continued to
cheer for Wallace, and more than
one hoot was audible when Tru-
man rose to accept the position

tendered him by conventioneers
who hopped on the . bandwagon
with alacrity as soon as they saw
who would win.
There was something pathetic
about the good little Senator as he
stood in the shadow of Boss Hanne-
gan, his fellow Missourian, and went
through the theatricality required by
photographers.
The Klieg lights shown on the
senator. He was alone. But some-
how many of us discerned the visage
of a Kansas City boss whose spirit
hovered nearby.
They ganged up on Henry Wallace

today. They took the electoral pro-
cess in their own oligarchic hands.
When we speak of "them", we mean
the usurpers of democracy who are
as real and as powerful now as in
the days when Lincoln Steffens wrote
"The Shame of the Cities".
Lister Hill and Champ Clark and
Rep. Coffee, liberals all, spoke out
for Truman. They, however, did not
swing this nomination into the Anti-
Wallace camp. A little clique of
men, working in silent unison, laid
low the man invested with progres-
sivism's cause.
Henry Wallace did not sulk. He
(Continued on Page 2)

Yanks Repulse Two
,Jap Counterattacks
By the Associated Press
PEARL HARBOR, JULY 22 -
After repulsing two Japanese counter
attacks, American forces on Guam
have made satisfactory progress and
secured key positions around Port
Apra, main objective on the island,
Adm. Chester W. Nimitz said in a
communique this afternoon.
On the southern front, Nimitz said,
American forces captured 875 foot
Mt. Alifan, overlooking Agat town.
The town is little more than two
miles south of the lower sweep of the
harbor.
In the north, the Americans se-
cured control of a five-mile road
stretch between Piti town and Agana.
This is part of the highway leading
behind the harbor.
Secure Cabras Island
Northern forces also gained control
of Cabras Island, a two-mile sand
spit at the harbor's northern stretch,
occupying half of it.
Troops of the Third Marine Divi-
sion landed in the north and the first
provisional Marine brigade stormed
ashore at the southern end. Ele-
ments of the Army's 77th Infantry
Division landed later.
Repulse Counterattack
Air naval and artillery bombard-
ments aided the troops in - hurling
back pre-dawn Japanese counterat-
tacks on both beachheads, which
were established first on either side
of Orote Peninsula, the land arm
encircling the southern part of Port
Apra.
In the north the Japanese directed
mortar fire against the Yanks the
first night after their landing Thurs-
day. The counterattack, beginning
before dawn the next morning, was
hurled back after sun-up.
When the Japanese thrust on the
southern beachhead early Friday
morning was thrown back the enemy
left behind five tanks and appoxi-
mately 270 dead.
Beachhead Extended
The southern beachhead extends
from Agat Town to Bangi Point.
The provisional Marine brigade is
composed partly of veterans from all
raider battalions participating in the
Solomons campaigns.
It was these Marines who pitched
back the Japanese so quickly on the
southern flank that they left tanks
and dead behind them.
The invasion of the former western
Pacific U. S. Naval base was ahead
of schedule despiteestiffening Japan-
use resistance inland, reinforcements
were pouring ashore to join the army
>f liberation and avenge the small
American Guam garrison that fought
so heroically but lost to vastly super-.
ior Japanese forces early in the war.
Bretton Woods
Meeting Ends
Russia Boosts Quota
For Post-War Bank
BRETTON WOODS, N. H., July
22.-( P)-The United Nations Mone-
tary Conference reached a dramatic
and tonight with an announcement
by Secretary of the Treasury Mor-
genthau that the Soviet Union had
decided to fix its quota to the world
bank for reconstruction at $1,200,-
000,000, instead of $900,000,000 pre-
viously agreed on.
This increase, which brings the bank
capital to $9,100,000,000, against the
$8,800,000,000 previously agreed on,
was unexpectedly made known by
Morgenthau at a dinner marking the
end of the three-weeks of discussion
which had marked the conference
deliberations.
Before the announcement by Mor-
genthau, the impression had been
widespread that the Soviet Union had
been adamant in its stand that the

at the $900,000,000 figure.
But while the final dinner was in
progress, word was received from
Moscow that the Soviet Union was
willing to assume a quota of $1,200,-
000,000, the amount originally Vs-
signed to her.
The Secretary's surprise announce-
ment brought cheers from the as-
sembled delegates and marked the

Employment
Outlook To Be
Discussed Here
Particular aspects of the post-war
employment outlook will be discussed
by four authorities in that field in
the annual summer Guidance and
Occupational Conference to be held
at 7:30 p. m., Tuesday in the Rack-
ham lecture hall.
The question is one which may be
expected to arouse wide interest, es-
pecially among the servicemen on
campus, said Dr. Luther Purdom, di-
rector of the University Bureau of
Appointments and Occupational In-
formation. Sponsored by the Uni-
versity appointments bureau, the
Conference is open to the public, and
all those interested are cordially in-
vited to attend, he continued.
"National Post-War Employment
Needs" is the subject of the opening
talk by Dr. Hugh B. Killough, acting
chief of the Employment and Occu-
pational Outlook Branch of the U. S.
Department of Labor.
"Plans of Business and Industry
for Veterans and Civilians" will be
discussed by Allen B. Crow, president
(Continued on Page 2)

RACE INTO LITHUANIA:
Russians Take Panevezys, 85
Miles South of Latvian Capital

LONDON, July 22.--(P)-Gen. Ivan
C. Bagramian's First Baltic Army,
racing into the heart of Lithuania in
an effort to trap 30 German divisions
anchored along the Baltic coast, to-
day captured Panevezys, only 85
miles south of the Latvian capital of
Riga on the Baltic Sea.
Premier-Marshal Joseph Stalin in
an order of the day termed Pane-
vexys "an important stronghold in
German defenses covering the main
road from the Baltic to East Prussia."
Its fall put Soviet columns within 10t
miles of East Prussia, and within 40
miles of the rail junction of Siauliai,
whose seizure would trap perhaps
300,000 German troops in Estonia,
Latvia and Lithuania.
Russian troops 300 miles to the
Coeds To Hold Rally
All undergraduate and graduate
women are urged to attend the
summer coed rally to be held at
7:30 p. m. tomorrow in the Rack-
ham auditorium. For further de-
tails, see p. 5.

south toppled the rail junction town
of Chelm, only 38 miles from the
big city of Lublin and 200 miles from
German Silesia, in another powerful
drive into the heart of Poland, Stalin
announced in another order of the
day.
The daily Russian communique al-
so announced that Soviet troops at-
tacking in Finland had reached the
Finnish-Russian border recognized
by Moscow after the 1939-40 winter
war, and also said that Russian
troops attacking in northwestern
Russia had broken into Pskov, gate-
way to southern Estonia and north-
ern Latvia.
Street fighting now is going on in
Pskov, the bulletin said.
Thus the Germans, torn by an in-
ternal revolt in their army, also were
being hammered back in broken
fragments on a front of more than
800 miles.
Capture of Panevezys represented
a 45-mile westward advance from
Skopiskis, taken Wednesday by
Bagramian's forces which cut off the
German supply railway

Nimitz Warns
Of Increasing
Jap Resistance
U. S. PACIFIC FLEET HEAD-
QUARTIkRS, Pearl Harbor, July 22.
-(P)-Despite resignation of the
Tojo cabinet, loss of Saipan and im-
pending loss of Guam, Japan can be
depended on to resist with increasing
fury as the United States moves
toward Nippon, Adm. Chester W.
Nimitz said today.
"Judging by past experience, we
must assume the Japanese will con-
tinue to sacrifice garrisons on other
islands such as the Philippines," the
Commander of the Pacific fleet com-
mented at a press conference.
"We cannot relax and must be
prepared for an all-out counterattack
at any time. It is reasonable to ex-
pect the Japanese Navy will utilize
every opportunity to damage us
while our fleet is tied to base cover-
ing the Guam operation."
He hinted that heavy bombing
raids by planes based on Saipan may
be expected.
Union Needs
New Tryouts
All University men interested in
trying out for the staff of the Mi-
chigan Union should contact Dick
Freeman, chairman of the Union
Administration committee, be-
tween 3 and 5 p. m. any
afternoon this week through Wed-
nesday, Tom Bliska, president, an-
nounced yesterday.
Any man who meets the Uni-
versity eligibility rules for extra-
curricular activities may leave his

HETENYI LEADS EX-SOLDIER'S ORGANIZATION:

Student Veterans Will Hold Meeting Friday

In an attempt to form a service
organization for their mutual benefit,
ten honorably discharged World War
II veterans, now enrolled in the Uni-
versity, met in the Union yesterday
and issued a call for all veterans on
campus to attend a general meeting

objectives: 1) To attempt to solve
problems arising out of academic
and social readjustment.
2) To establish a service organi-
zation that will aid future veterans
coming to school.
3) To devise a program that will
enable the veteran living' on a small

it has done a wonderful job in help-
ing us get back into school," Hetenyi
stated, "but we feel that some of our
problems we can only solve by our-
selves. That is why we must face
them together, discuss them and find
solutions in a democratic organiza-
tion."

"The rent issue is one of the major
problems facing us," they said, and
added, "this topic will be reviewed in
our meeting next week."
Spent More Than Year in Service
The temporary committee which
met yesterday is made up of men who
have averaged more than a year in

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