4 k1 4 all4; Weather, Scattered Showers VOL. LIV No. 15-S ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN SUNDAY, JULY 23, 1944 PRICE FIVE CENTS ommulmomommoo Americans Gain Key Position on Guam Progress Is HitlerAppeals for Loyalty of Army Many Military Leaders Withhold Pledge of Full Allegiance to Regime By The Associated Press LONDON, July 22-Adolf Hitler issued an appeal today for loyalty from the revolt-ridden German army, many of whose top leaders remained ominously missing from those publicly professing allegiance to the Nazi dictator and his shaken regime. A tight official control was maintained over all information out of Germany, and virtually nothing was known beyond the Nazi version of events within the country, but in the Nazis' own picture evidence mounted that the army revolt was deep and perhaps far from being quelled. Many Rumors Spring Up Among many rumors springing up from all over Europe was a second- hand underground report saying that Junker generals out of Hitler's favor shad set up a rival regime and called PENDULUM SAYS "BOSSES FLOUT COMMON PEOPLE": Kelly, Hague, et al Charged With "Steering"! Democratic Convention To Oust Wallace Made Near Port Apra * * 4' * * * * 4' * Allies Gain in France Despite Muddy Terrain Nazi Counter-Thrusts Repulsed in Bitter Fight SHAEF, Sunday, July 23.-()- Despite mud which bogged down fighting along much of the Nor- mandy front yesterday, Allied forces, after repulsing several German counterattacks, struck out in two sectors, making substantial gains and capturing at least three more vil- lages. The Allied offensives were balked at the key points eight miles east of Caen and at St. Lo by six-inch deep mud-the result of two days of tor- rential rain-but Americans and Ca- nadians improved their positions at intermediate points. Re-occupy Maltot Four miles south of Caen the Canadianin morning and afternoon drives lopped off a four-sided Ger- man salient of several square miles along the Orne, taking the towns of Etavaux and Etervilie and re-occu- pying Maltot. Earlier in the day headquarters had acknowledged Mal- tot was back in German hands. Forty-five miles to the west, just north of Periers, American dough- boys drove several hundred yards across the Little Seves River near the town of Seves to form a new spear- head which threatened the Caren- tan-Periers road below the present Allied drive down the road from the northeast." The new spearhead drove to within a mile and a half of the highway. Bitter Fighting Rages The bitter fighting-in sharp con- trast to the quiet everywhere else on the 100-mile front-began late Fri- day and raged for ten hours as the German infantrymen tried repeat- edly to catch up with their tanks, Associated Press Correspondent Rog- er D. Greene reported. Hannegan Wins Reelection as Party Chairman CHICAGO, July 22-(AP)-Robert E. Hannegan, of St. Louis, was re- elected chairman of the Democratic National Committee today and im- mediately pledged his efforts to ac- complish a welding of all factions within the party to bring a Novem- ber victory to the Roosevelt-Truman ticket. With a cash balance of $116,000 on hand but a campaign fund of $3,000,- 000 to be raised, the party renamed all of its national committee officers and heard reports that Senator Har- ry S. Truman of Missouri, the Presi- dent's new running mate,sprobably would carry on an extensive cam- paign while the chief executive gives most of his time to the war. At a news conference, Truman tended all along to get in the war early enough to .get credit for the made public an exchange of con- gratulatory telegrams with the Pres- ident while, meantime, an official announcement of his second ballot nomination for vice president showed he received 1,031 of the convention's 1,176 votes, with Vice President Hen- ry A. Wallace getting 105. upon the German people for support, claiming the participation of "gener- als commanding various army groups and a number of garrisons in various towns of Germany." This report, broadcast by the Mos- cow radio and quoting the mysterious anti-Nazi radio Atlantic said the new regime was headed by Field Mar- shal General Wilhelm Keitel, chief of the High Command, Field Marshal General Walther Von Brauchitsch, former Commander-in-Chief of the German army, Gen. Franz Halder,] former Chief of the General Staff, and Field Marshal Fedor Von Bock, commander of the first army group. Most Reports Unconfirmed1 On the other hand, unconfirmed reports in neutral capitals have nam- ed some of these, notably Von Brau- chitsch and Halder, as among those already liquidated by the Nazi purge. Two full days after he first an- nounced the army revolt, Hitler ad- dressed an order of the day to the army telling of the attempt on his life and the abortive coup, de'etat, closing with this pointed sentence: "I know that as hitherto you will fight with exemplary obedience and loyalty until victory is ours in spite of all." Turks Expected To .Enter War On Allied Side WASHINGTON, July 22-(AP)- The bloody breakup of the Nazis and the Junkers is expected here to has- ten Turkey's entrance into the war on the Allied side and complete the deterioration of Germany's diplo-I matic position in Europe. These are the conclusions of Am- erican authorities seeking to measure the effect on the war of the violent split in German leadership. As a spectacular development favorable to the Allied cause this breach of unity is considered here to be offset by only one thing at the moment-the bad weather in Normandy. Among military men a most ser- ious view is taken of today's reports that mud has checked the British offensive at Caen just when it was beginning to roll with real power. So far there has been no evidence that the row between Hitler and the Junkers generals had had any ma- terial effect on the resistance of Nazi troops on the French front. Diplomatic officials, however, find it possible to make estimates more readily. In the case of Turkey, it is believed that the row may help Al- lied interests in this way: For reasons of prestige in Allied- dominated post-war world as well as because close ties with Britain and a long friendship with Russia, the Turks are understood to have in- tended all along to get in the war early enough to get credit for the action. By BERNARD ROSENBERG Special to The Daily CHICAGO STADIUM-July 22.- With the cards stacked heavily against him, Henry Wallace went down to defeat Friday in the Chicago Stadium. But he did it in such a way as to enhance his immense popu- larity with the common man whom he has always championed. Senator Harry S. Truman, new Democratic Vice-Presidential Candi- date, is a good man. That Henry Wallace is a better one is incidental to the forces behind each political figure. American democracy was tramp- led underfoot at this convention in a manner that can but redound ill to the names of those involved. On the side of Truman was "Boss- ism"; on side of Wallace were peo- ple. Last week-end 64% of the rank and file of Democratic voters had expressed preference for Wal- lace above any aspirant. Dr. Gal- lup had revealed that but a mea- ger 2% wanted Truman. How then did the Senator become the nomi- nee? For the answer, one needed but to look at the beaming features of "Big" Jim Farley, as he cast his half vote for Senator Barkley. Content- ment that could probably be seen in the last tier of the stadium emanated from Farley's face. He and his fel- low politicos had stopped Wallace cold. Take genial Jim's hand, entwine it with Boss Hague's and Ed Kelly's and Tom Pendergrast's, put Henry Wallace in the middle; Squeeze.. Then you have a pretty good picture of the way in which the people's will was flouted at this convention. Time and again Chairman Jack- son had to call for order in a gallery packed with Wallace boosters who kept chorusing their support for him throughout the crucifixion. Boss Kelly personally nominated Senator Lucas as a smoke-screen candidate behind whom he could hide until the second climatic ballot when Illinois, along with almost every state dele- gation, bolted to Truman. Kelly started to say, "We want-" and the gallery shouted "Wallace". Five times Kelly started that sen- tence and five times the people fin- II. i- 7 iA A $/A~ s~ 'A ished it for him in their own way. That was the most heart-warming scene of a generally disgraceful cha- rade. . (For an additional sidelight on Senator Truman's nomination, see THE WASHINGTON MERRY GO ROUND on page four today). The delegates themselves seemed none to enthusiastic about the man their superiors had engineered in- to nomination. If the delegates were unenthusiastic, the spectators were irate. They continued to cheer for Wallace, and more than one hoot was audible when Tru- man rose to accept the position tendered him by conventioneers who hopped on the . bandwagon with alacrity as soon as they saw who would win. There was something pathetic about the good little Senator as he stood in the shadow of Boss Hanne- gan, his fellow Missourian, and went through the theatricality required by photographers. The Klieg lights shown on the senator. He was alone. But some- how many of us discerned the visage of a Kansas City boss whose spirit hovered nearby. They ganged up on Henry Wallace today. They took the electoral pro- cess in their own oligarchic hands. When we speak of "them", we mean the usurpers of democracy who are as real and as powerful now as in the days when Lincoln Steffens wrote "The Shame of the Cities". Lister Hill and Champ Clark and Rep. Coffee, liberals all, spoke out for Truman. They, however, did not swing this nomination into the Anti- Wallace camp. A little clique of men, working in silent unison, laid low the man invested with progres- sivism's cause. Henry Wallace did not sulk. He (Continued on Page 2) Yanks Repulse Two ,Jap Counterattacks By the Associated Press PEARL HARBOR, JULY 22 - After repulsing two Japanese counter attacks, American forces on Guam have made satisfactory progress and secured key positions around Port Apra, main objective on the island, Adm. Chester W. Nimitz said in a communique this afternoon. On the southern front, Nimitz said, American forces captured 875 foot Mt. Alifan, overlooking Agat town. The town is little more than two miles south of the lower sweep of the harbor. In the north, the Americans se- cured control of a five-mile road stretch between Piti town and Agana. This is part of the highway leading behind the harbor. Secure Cabras Island Northern forces also gained control of Cabras Island, a two-mile sand spit at the harbor's northern stretch, occupying half of it. Troops of the Third Marine Divi- sion landed in the north and the first provisional Marine brigade stormed ashore at the southern end. Ele- ments of the Army's 77th Infantry Division landed later. Repulse Counterattack Air naval and artillery bombard- ments aided the troops in - hurling back pre-dawn Japanese counterat- tacks on both beachheads, which were established first on either side of Orote Peninsula, the land arm encircling the southern part of Port Apra. In the north the Japanese directed mortar fire against the Yanks the first night after their landing Thurs- day. The counterattack, beginning before dawn the next morning, was hurled back after sun-up. When the Japanese thrust on the southern beachhead early Friday morning was thrown back the enemy left behind five tanks and appoxi- mately 270 dead. Beachhead Extended The southern beachhead extends from Agat Town to Bangi Point. The provisional Marine brigade is composed partly of veterans from all raider battalions participating in the Solomons campaigns. It was these Marines who pitched back the Japanese so quickly on the southern flank that they left tanks and dead behind them. The invasion of the former western Pacific U. S. Naval base was ahead of schedule despiteestiffening Japan- use resistance inland, reinforcements were pouring ashore to join the army >f liberation and avenge the small American Guam garrison that fought so heroically but lost to vastly super-. ior Japanese forces early in the war. Bretton Woods Meeting Ends Russia Boosts Quota For Post-War Bank BRETTON WOODS, N. H., July 22.-( P)-The United Nations Mone- tary Conference reached a dramatic and tonight with an announcement by Secretary of the Treasury Mor- genthau that the Soviet Union had decided to fix its quota to the world bank for reconstruction at $1,200,- 000,000, instead of $900,000,000 pre- viously agreed on. This increase, which brings the bank capital to $9,100,000,000, against the $8,800,000,000 previously agreed on, was unexpectedly made known by Morgenthau at a dinner marking the end of the three-weeks of discussion which had marked the conference deliberations. Before the announcement by Mor- genthau, the impression had been widespread that the Soviet Union had been adamant in its stand that the at the $900,000,000 figure. But while the final dinner was in progress, word was received from Moscow that the Soviet Union was willing to assume a quota of $1,200,- 000,000, the amount originally Vs- signed to her. The Secretary's surprise announce- ment brought cheers from the as- sembled delegates and marked the Employment Outlook To Be Discussed Here Particular aspects of the post-war employment outlook will be discussed by four authorities in that field in the annual summer Guidance and Occupational Conference to be held at 7:30 p. m., Tuesday in the Rack- ham lecture hall. The question is one which may be expected to arouse wide interest, es- pecially among the servicemen on campus, said Dr. Luther Purdom, di- rector of the University Bureau of Appointments and Occupational In- formation. Sponsored by the Uni- versity appointments bureau, the Conference is open to the public, and all those interested are cordially in- vited to attend, he continued. "National Post-War Employment Needs" is the subject of the opening talk by Dr. Hugh B. Killough, acting chief of the Employment and Occu- pational Outlook Branch of the U. S. Department of Labor. "Plans of Business and Industry for Veterans and Civilians" will be discussed by Allen B. Crow, president (Continued on Page 2) RACE INTO LITHUANIA: Russians Take Panevezys, 85 Miles South of Latvian Capital LONDON, July 22.--(P)-Gen. Ivan C. Bagramian's First Baltic Army, racing into the heart of Lithuania in an effort to trap 30 German divisions anchored along the Baltic coast, to- day captured Panevezys, only 85 miles south of the Latvian capital of Riga on the Baltic Sea. Premier-Marshal Joseph Stalin in an order of the day termed Pane- vexys "an important stronghold in German defenses covering the main road from the Baltic to East Prussia." Its fall put Soviet columns within 10t miles of East Prussia, and within 40 miles of the rail junction of Siauliai, whose seizure would trap perhaps 300,000 German troops in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. Russian troops 300 miles to the Coeds To Hold Rally All undergraduate and graduate women are urged to attend the summer coed rally to be held at 7:30 p. m. tomorrow in the Rack- ham auditorium. For further de- tails, see p. 5. south toppled the rail junction town of Chelm, only 38 miles from the big city of Lublin and 200 miles from German Silesia, in another powerful drive into the heart of Poland, Stalin announced in another order of the day. The daily Russian communique al- so announced that Soviet troops at- tacking in Finland had reached the Finnish-Russian border recognized by Moscow after the 1939-40 winter war, and also said that Russian troops attacking in northwestern Russia had broken into Pskov, gate- way to southern Estonia and north- ern Latvia. Street fighting now is going on in Pskov, the bulletin said. Thus the Germans, torn by an in- ternal revolt in their army, also were being hammered back in broken fragments on a front of more than 800 miles. Capture of Panevezys represented a 45-mile westward advance from Skopiskis, taken Wednesday by Bagramian's forces which cut off the German supply railway Nimitz Warns Of Increasing Jap Resistance U. S. PACIFIC FLEET HEAD- QUARTIkRS, Pearl Harbor, July 22. -(P)-Despite resignation of the Tojo cabinet, loss of Saipan and im- pending loss of Guam, Japan can be depended on to resist with increasing fury as the United States moves toward Nippon, Adm. Chester W. Nimitz said today. "Judging by past experience, we must assume the Japanese will con- tinue to sacrifice garrisons on other islands such as the Philippines," the Commander of the Pacific fleet com- mented at a press conference. "We cannot relax and must be prepared for an all-out counterattack at any time. It is reasonable to ex- pect the Japanese Navy will utilize every opportunity to damage us while our fleet is tied to base cover- ing the Guam operation." He hinted that heavy bombing raids by planes based on Saipan may be expected. Union Needs New Tryouts All University men interested in trying out for the staff of the Mi- chigan Union should contact Dick Freeman, chairman of the Union Administration committee, be- tween 3 and 5 p. m. any afternoon this week through Wed- nesday, Tom Bliska, president, an- nounced yesterday. Any man who meets the Uni- versity eligibility rules for extra- curricular activities may leave his HETENYI LEADS EX-SOLDIER'S ORGANIZATION: Student Veterans Will Hold Meeting Friday In an attempt to form a service organization for their mutual benefit, ten honorably discharged World War II veterans, now enrolled in the Uni- versity, met in the Union yesterday and issued a call for all veterans on campus to attend a general meeting objectives: 1) To attempt to solve problems arising out of academic and social readjustment. 2) To establish a service organi- zation that will aid future veterans coming to school. 3) To devise a program that will enable the veteran living' on a small it has done a wonderful job in help- ing us get back into school," Hetenyi stated, "but we feel that some of our problems we can only solve by our- selves. That is why we must face them together, discuss them and find solutions in a democratic organiza- tion." "The rent issue is one of the major problems facing us," they said, and added, "this topic will be reviewed in our meeting next week." Spent More Than Year in Service The temporary committee which met yesterday is made up of men who have averaged more than a year in