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August 19, 1943 - Image 1

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Michigan Daily, 1943-08-19

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VOL. LII, No. 38-S ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, THURSDAY, AUG. 19. 1943

PRICE FIVE CENTS

Allies

ait in

icl; Invasion

Imminent

RAF Bombs
Vital German
War Plants
Nazi Armament, Radio
Center at Pennemuende
Gets Crippling Blow
LONDON, Aug. 18.- (A- In a
rsmashing climax to nearly 3,000
American and British warplane sor-
ties in 24 hours, the RAF's big bomb-
ers switched with smooth and tre-
mendous power from the Italian to
the German theatre last night and
crushed one of the Nazis' vital war
plants so thoroughly that officials
estimated it could hardly be re-estab-
lished within a year.
The target for this precision at-
tack-the sort of attack that the
Americans threw in against Schwein-
furt and Regensburg in southeast
Germany- was Pennemuende, the
Nazi center for the development of
aircraft radio-location devices and
armament.
Paris Radio Goes off Air
(The Nazi-controlled Paris radio
went off the air tonight, the Federal
Communications Commission report-
ed, Indicating that Allied bombers
sight be over France again.)
Without disclosing complete fig-
utes a U.S. Army Air Force spokes-
ihan said that the raids in the Euro-
pean theatre during the last 36 hours
was a record for the Americans in
the number of sorties, the number of
targets attacked, and the geographi-
cal scope.
gh Pane Loss over Germany
United States Army Headquarters
announced that the 36 Flying Fort-
resses lost Tuesday over Germany
was the highest number of American
bombers yet downed in a single day
in the European theatre. The prev-
ious high was 26 on June 13.
The headquarters announced also
that ',more than 100 enemy fighters
were shot down by the Fortresses and
their escorting Thunderbolts Tues-
day in the raid on Schweinfurt. The
Thunderbolts destroyed 20 of them.
Toll of Axis Planes May Increase
This toll of Axis fighters probably
will be increased when the crews
that assaulted Regensburg make
their reports. They struck the latter
city and flew= on to Africa in one
major phase of what was termed
officially "the greatest operations in
American aerial history."
Meanwhile, USAAF Marauders at-
tacked enemy airfields at Woens-
drecht, Holland, and near Lille,
France, this morning and returned
without loss.
War Director
May Be Named
Condon Press Expects
Chief from Quebec
LONDON, Aug. 19, Thursday-(P)
--The London Daily Mail correspon-
dent of the Quebec parleys, Don
Iddon, said in a dispatch today that
the Roosevelt-Churchill conference
is studying plans for naming a com-
mander-in-chief, probably an Eng-
lishman, to head a "direct invasion
front in which huge armies now
massed in Britain will be hurled
against the continent at a number
of points."
General arrangements for a "re-
ceivership" of the Italian state and
selection of a commander-in-chief
in southern Asia also were being
studied, he said.
Iddon said his information was
that Lt.-Gen. Joseph W. Stilwell,
U.S. commander in China, Burma,

and India, would head the Far East-
ern command whose responsibility
would be to retake Burma and open
a drive against Japan while Gen.
Douglas MacArthur's forces push up
from the South Pacific.
Finland Recalls
Military Attache
WASHINGTON, Aug. 18.- (AP)-
Finland has withdrawn its naval and
military attache from the United
States, it was disclosed today.
State Department officials would
not comment. At the Finnish lega-
tion, it was pointed out -that the
United States military attache in

Dapper Eden Arrives

FDR Gives WLB Fiscal
Aid To Thwart Unions
Mine Workers Case May Wait Return of
Pits to Control of Private Operators, Owners
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, Aug. 18.- President Roosevelt handed the War Labor
Board a big financial club today with which to enforce its orders against
defiant unions.
But there was no indication that the board would swing the new weapon
immediately in the direction of John L. Lewis, whose United Mine Workers
have staged the most spectacular insurrection against the WLB. Rather it
was expected that any action on the case of the Mine Workers would await
return of the coal mines to private operation. The miners have been back in
the pits without a contract since Secretary of the Interior Ickes took over
the mines as government adminis- -

Anthony Eden, British Secretary
of Foreign Affairs, arrived yester-
day at the Roosevelt-Churchill con-
ference, reportedly bringing "good
news" from Britain.
*, * * *
FDR To Visit
Ottawa; Eden
Flies to Canada
Secretary Accompanied
By Cadogen, Bracken;
Hull Expected To Join
QUEBEC, Aug. 18.-(P)-The ar-
rival of British Foreign Secretary
Anthony Eden from London and an
announcement that President Roose-
velt would visit Ottawa, capital of
Canada, next week provided two pol-
itical undertones tonight at the Al-
lied war conference here.
His powder blue pin-stripe trousers
wet to the knees from an accidental]
encounter with the St. Lawrence
River at a landing float, Eden came
in by plane in midafternoon, ac-
companied by Sir Alexander Cado-
gan, permanent Undersecretary of
State for Foreign Affairs, and Bren-
den Bracken, Minister of Informa-
tion.
Hull May Join Group
Cordell Hull, American Secretary
of State, may join the deliberations
here shortly. Then the conference
would be set to consider whatever
facets of international politics may
be on its agenda.
President Roosevelt and Prime
Minister Churchill will study some
of those facets despite the obvious
emphasis on military matters in the
conference as a whole, it appeared.
The President and Prime Minister,
on the basis of past performances,
almost certainly will convey to Pre-
mier Joseph Stalin of Russia the re-
sults attained at Quebec, particu-
larly since they are likely to be of
such import as to equal and prob-
ably surpass those of any of their
previous meetings.
Eden Might Go To Moscow
Eden might be the courier to whom
they would entrust the task of in-
forming Stalin of the secret events
now shaping up in the Allied con-
ference. There have been reports,
never officially denied, that the For-
eign Secretary andperhaps Sumner
Welles, American Undersecretary of
State, would go to Moscow.
Even should a jaunt to the Rus-
sian capital be the real purpose un-
derlying Eden's flight to Quebec,
there still could remain room here
for some examination of political
issues which soon may confront the
Allies in Europe and those in the
more remote picture of the post-war
world.

trator after the strike shut-downs of
early summer.
WLB Can Punish Unions
The presidential order gives the
WLB power to punish a recalcitrant
union by withholding check-off dues
until it comes into line, or knock out
other major contract benefits.
Moving quickly under portions of
the new policy which affect employ-
ers rather than workers, the board
directed two companies on its non-
compliance list to appear at hearings
within the next ten days and to show
cause why they should not comply
with the board's orders.
Atlantic Iron Works To Appear
Officials of the Atlantic Basin Iron
Works, Inc., Brooklyn were directed
to appear on Aug. 25. The company
has objected to maintenance of mem-
bership and arbitration provisions of
the WLB order.
The McGeorge Contracting Com-
pany, Bauxite, Ark., was directed to
appear on Aug. 27. The order in the
case requires maintenance of union
membership.
Return of Mines Is Zero Hour
The return of the mines to private
[ownership appeared to be the "zero"
hour for possible WLB action on
union sanctions because the UMW
policy committee has said that its
agreement to work until Oct. 31,
would "automatically terminate" if
government custody of the mines is
withdrawn.
Such an eventuality, under the
new compliance program, would re-
quire Ickes to ask the board for an
order withholding "the benefits,
privileges or rights accruing" to the
union. Specifically, union dues col-
lected by deductions from payrolls
would be held in escrow until com-
pliance was obtained. The govern-
ment also could drop enforcement of
the union shop in the mines pending
compliance.
Board Voting
To Be 'Today
Two representatives will be
chosen from 9 a.m. to noon and
from 1 p.m. to 4 p.m. on campus
today to fill vacancies on the Board
in Control of Student Publication
and the Board in Control of Ath-
letics.
Ballot boxes will be located at
the Engineering Arch and in Uni-
versity Hall for the selection of
these officers. Candidates for the
Board in Control of Student Pub-
lications are Bud Burgess and J.
Fredrick Hoffman. Art Upton and
Clifford Myll are running for po-
sitions on the Board in Control of
Athletics.
Voters must show identification
cards or cashier's receipts. All Navy
V-12 men are eligible to vote.

Government
Corpromise
Is Apparent
Legislators May Have
Voice in Temporary
Post-War Agreements
WASHINGTON, Aug. 18,- (AP)-A
compromise between Congress and
the executive department to give the
legislators a voice in temporary post-
war agreements appears in the mak-
ing.
Some officials had favored hand-
ling them without reference to Con-
gress. But some legislators had con-
tended such agreements would be
treaties and must be approved by a
two-thirds vote of the Senate.
Under theproposed compromises,
such questions of international co-
operation as must be arranged in
advance of a final peace treaty would
be handled by an "agreement" sub-
ject to congressional approval by a
mere majority of both houses.
Sen. Green (Dem.-R.I.) reported
the first concrete move in that direc-
tion today in announcing that a
Senate^Foreign Relations Subcom-
mittee had decided on that procedure
for a proposed pact for cooperative
rehabilitation of war - devastated
countries.
He said the proposed pact had
been discussed by the subcommittee
with Secretary of State Hull and
"intimation" had been given to the
State Department that congressional
approval "would have to be obtained
if appropriations are to be made to
implement the agreement."
He added that the State Depart-
ment displayed an admirable spirit
of cooperation and the conferences
were very friendly.
Asked about the talks with the
senators, Hull told a press conference
they were part of efforts being made
to promote closer cooperation be-
tween the legislative and executive
branches of the government through
frequent informal conferences.
Coal Transport
Will Increase
Travel Was Delayed
By Lake Conditions
WASHINGTON, Aug. 18.- (P)-
Joseph S. Eastman, Defense Trans-
portation Director, said today he ex-
pects a 10 percent increase this sea-
son in coal shipments by boat to
Lake Superior ports, although sup-
plies there are now "slightly below"
last year's amount.
Eastman issued the statement af-
ter coal interests, testifying yester-
day in Minneapolis before the Mid-
west Congressional Conference, said
ore carriers were running back empty
and warned that the northwest
would face a serious coal shortage
this winter. Normally, they said, ore
carriers made the return trip to Du-
luth loaded with coal.
"Ore boats do not carry coal on
every return trip," Eastman said,
because it was necessary to send
some back emptyntospeed the ore
tonnage east. He explained that the
opening of the season on the Great
Lakes this spring was delayed several
weeks by ice conditions which made
it difficult to get down the necessary
iron ore.
Capt. Brandt Killed in
Crash on Routine Flight
Capt. Gordon L. Brandt of Ann
Arbor was killed yesterday when his

Allies Return
To Wewak in
Surprise Raid
Bombers Finish Off
Most of Landed Craft,
Destroy 28 Interceptors
By The Associated Press
ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN
THE SOUTHWEST PACIFIC, Aug.
19, Thursday-Japan's airforce trag-
edy at Wewak, New Guinea, was
made more complete Wednesday by
returning Allied fliers who shot down
28 out of 30 interceptors, then swept
low to finish off all but 10 of the
225 planes the enemy had in the
area.
Borneo Hit Again
Today's communique reported the
new devastation along with a new
naval victory in the Solomons and
a third pounding within a week of
oil refineries and ships on southeast-
ern Borneo.
On Tuesday, American and Aus-
tralian fliers trapped planes, massed
wing tip to wing tip, on four Wewak
area airdromes, destroyed 120, se-
verely damaged 50 others and shot
down three out of seven interceptors.
That left only 52 ships undamaged.
Bombers Go Back to Wewak
Wednesday, four-engined and two-
engined bombers went back to We-
wak, escorted by fighters, bagged 28
of those 52 ships in the air, then
for hours droned over the base,
churning up piles of ashes and torn
plane parts with their bombs.
Then they spread fire and ex-
plosion through the town and har-
bor area, setting three cargo ships
afire.
Japs Are Hard-Hit
This second raid wound up the
heaviest blow yet to fall on the Japa-
nese air force in the Pacific, war, one
which virtually wiped out a fleet
of ships the enemy had assembled,
probably in support of its beleaguered
garrison as Salamaua, -350 miles down
the coast from Wewak.
Today's communique also reported
a sea victory on the Vella Gulf below
American-occupied Vella Lavella Is-
land in the Solomons.
Ruthven Will
Visit England
President Alexander G. Ruthven
announced at his summer home in
Frankfort yesterday that he will
leave for England shortly to study
problems of education during and
after the war.
President Ruthven will spend
several weeks investigating war ed-
ucation at the invitation of the
British government. He will ob-
serve the adult education system
used by the British army and co-
ordinated by universities and plans
for education of returning service-
men.
The trip will help "coordinate
effort and develop an internation-
al understanding in educational
problems," he said.

Europe To Arm,
TroopsAreReady
Planes Hound Nazi Freeing of Subject
Retreating Troops Lands To Be Soon
By The Associated Press
By The Associated Press LONDON, Aug. 18. - The Allied-
ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN controlled United Nations radio at,
NORTH AFRICA, Aug. 18.- Two Algiers told the people of occupied
Ae-Europe tonight to perfect their prep-
superb armies in Sicily--the arations "for the day you will hear
can Seventh and British Eighth- the call of the Allied High Con-
are "ready to go at any minute" in mand" on the eve of the invasion of
bold new offensives, Gen. Dwight D. the continent.
Eisenhower declared today, report- The broadcast, recorded by the
ing that the Axis lost more than Associated Press, said that although
167,000 men killed, wounded and cap- "w~e are obviously not going to re-
tured on the island up to Aug. 10. veal where the next blow will fall,"
As the Allied commander-in-chief the people of "the occupied country
disclosed the magnitude of Axis cas- which is to be the first to welcome
ualties, artillery duels thundered over the armies of liberation will be noti-
Messina Strait and Allied warplanes fied at the last minute." It said that
hounded enemy remnants retreating time might be near at hand.
by sea and over broken roads up the Although the broadcast especial-
Italian mainland. ly mentioned metropolitan France,
Allies Lose 25,000 in effect all those awaiting free-
Allied casualties from beginning to dom from Greece to Norway were
end in Sicily were 25,000 men, Eis- told to make their preparations for
enhower said, while the Axis toll of "the new phase, the liberation of
over 167,000-of whom at least 32,000 occupied countries," which it said
were dead or injured-did not in- had already begun.
clude their losses in the final week The announcer concluded the
of battle. broadcast by saying the message was
The Axis also lost 260 tanks and from the Allied High Command.
502 guns up to Aug. 10, and 1,691 Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower broad-
planes from July 1 to Aug. 17-more cast the first warning to occupied
than a six-to-one ratio over Allied countries to prepare for the battle of
plane losses of 274. Europe on July 10, when the invasion
New Thrusts Are Imminent of Sicily began.
Eisenhower hinted at new thrusts Speaking over the Algiers radio,
to come soon. He declared the bat- he then told the French that
tIe-tried U.S. Seventh Army now is they would be informed "when the
"A worthy partner of the Eighth hour of action strikes," and warn-
Army" and would give Commander ed them to remain calm until that
Gen. Sir Harold Alexander a mighty hour.
one-two punch. Tonight, the Madrid radio quoted
"Both armies are ready to go at "informed circles" as saying that
any minute. We can count on them General Eisenhower had messaged
with complete confidence," he said. President Roosevelt and Prime Min-
With the battle of Sicily finished ister Churchill that Allied armies
"ahead of schedule" in 38 days by were ready for the immediate in-
occupation of Messina yesterday, Al- vasion of Italy.
lied ground troops today continued It quoted the same circles as be-
rounding up isolated enemy units in lieving the invasion may be only
the hills, and Allied artillery ham- several hours off.
mered shells onto the Italian main-
land to harry the German retreat. H
Planes Pursue Axis -L(WfiO H its
Fleets of airplanes took up the pur-
suit of the Axis rearguard with bomb Return of Sicily
and gunfire attacks on roads and
beaches and rail lines in southern
Italy yesterday, and sank eight boats BERN, Switzerland, Ang. 18-()-
and barges along the Italian coast Admitting Allies might have forced
carrying troops seeking safety in the Axis abandonment of Sicily, Italian
north by sea. Premier Marshal Pietro Badoglio to-
The weightiest attacks were made day implied future return of the war-
upon freight yards at Battipaglia torn isle to Italy and brought the
south of Naples, highways at Castro- nation's World War leader Vittorio
villare south of Naples, and a bridge Orlanda out of his anti-Fascist re-
at Angitola. tirement to cheer his fellow Sicilians.
The Germans, Eisenhower said in In a three-minute radio speech ad-
a summary of the campaign, lost dressed to all Italians, but specifically
at least 30,000 troops - including slanted toward Sicily, Badoglio said
6,000 to 7,000 killed and injured- "the sacred soil of Sicily has had to
of the 70,000 to 75,000 men they be adandoned" in the face of the
poured into the island's defense. enormous numerical 4nd material
Their casualties in the short ferry- superiority of the Allies.
haul across Messina Strait probably Speaking on the same problem was
never will be known, the General Sicilian-born Vittorio Emanuel Or-
said, adding that he personally re- lando, 83-year-old former Italian
gretted that any Nazis were able premier who was one of the big four
to make a getaway. at the Versailles peace conference.

3,200 TOTAL GERMANS KILLED:

Reds Capture ZmyeI&v below Kharkov

THIEVERY AT BREAK OF DAWN:
Fraternity .Open Door Policy'
Facilitates $232.50 Robbery

By The Associated Press
LONDON, Aug. 19, Thursday-
Russian troops striking across the
Donets River below Kharkov yester-
day captured Zmyev, 20 miles south
of the city, in "a decisive assault"
that killed 1,200 Germans and
threatened to cut one of the last rail-
ways feeding the beseiged Ukraine
base, Moscow disclosed early today.
Red Army smashes northwest and
west of Kharkov also resulted in
overall gains of seven miles, the kill-
ing of 2,000 more Germans;, and the
capture of more than 50 villages in
the steady semi-encirclement of the
big enemy bastion, the daily com-
munique announced. Soviet shock
troops have been fighting reinforced
German units in the northeastern
suburbs for a week.
Reds Take Installations
Scores of mortar batteries, ma-
chineguns and tanks were captured
or destroyed in the wheeling move-
ment below Kharkov that reached
Zmyev, said the communique, re-
corded by the Soviet monitor. Zmyev
is only 10 miles from the Kharkov-

* * *

plement'also announced the capture
of an "advantageous point" on the
Spa Demensk front farther north.
One thousand Germans were slain
there, is said.
Gains of four to six miles were re-
ported on the Bryansk front where
40 villages were seized, including the
rail stations of Beryezovka, 21 miles
northeast of Bryansk, and Malinka,
20 miles to the east. Front dispatches
had said earlier the Russians were
only 15 miles from Bryansk.
German Reserves Are Overcome
Hastily-massed German reserves
hurled into the attack had delayed
the Russian offensives, especially
around Kharkov, but the communi-
que said these had been overcome
once more in the effort to force the
Germans to fall back to the Dnieper
river.
The Soviet army newspaper Red
Star, however, bluntly called again
for an Allied second front in Europe,
one that would divert 50 or 60 Ger-
man divisions from Russia. Red Star
declared:

By MARGARET FRANK
Since their money has been stolen
the fraternity houses on campus will
undoubtedly begin locking their
doors; men or man identity unknown
took advantage of the "open door
policy" of the Zeta Psi, ATO and
Alpha Chi Sigma houses, entered,
and collected $232.50.
According to house manager of
the Zeta Psi house, now a University
operated house for freshmen, the
thieves could have entered through
either the front or back doors as they

Mournful fraternity brothers of
Alpha Sigma Chi pointed out that
this was getting to be almost an an-
nual affair; and that their house
had been ransacked four times pre-
viously in the last four years. The
last time the house was robbed was
last fall when the largest loser had
his finances reduced by $150.
In yesterday's robberies the losses
ranged from 50 cents to $65. The boy
who lost 50 cents had a $200 wrist
watch lying by the change which

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