J .y O1 t i e it igmi- iaiW Weather Warmer VOL. LII, No. 38-S ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, THURSDAY, AUG. 19. 1943 PRICE FIVE CENTS Allies ait in icl; Invasion Imminent RAF Bombs Vital German War Plants Nazi Armament, Radio Center at Pennemuende Gets Crippling Blow LONDON, Aug. 18.- (A- In a rsmashing climax to nearly 3,000 American and British warplane sor- ties in 24 hours, the RAF's big bomb- ers switched with smooth and tre- mendous power from the Italian to the German theatre last night and crushed one of the Nazis' vital war plants so thoroughly that officials estimated it could hardly be re-estab- lished within a year. The target for this precision at- tack-the sort of attack that the Americans threw in against Schwein- furt and Regensburg in southeast Germany- was Pennemuende, the Nazi center for the development of aircraft radio-location devices and armament. Paris Radio Goes off Air (The Nazi-controlled Paris radio went off the air tonight, the Federal Communications Commission report- ed, Indicating that Allied bombers sight be over France again.) Without disclosing complete fig- utes a U.S. Army Air Force spokes- ihan said that the raids in the Euro- pean theatre during the last 36 hours was a record for the Americans in the number of sorties, the number of targets attacked, and the geographi- cal scope. gh Pane Loss over Germany United States Army Headquarters announced that the 36 Flying Fort- resses lost Tuesday over Germany was the highest number of American bombers yet downed in a single day in the European theatre. The prev- ious high was 26 on June 13. The headquarters announced also that ',more than 100 enemy fighters were shot down by the Fortresses and their escorting Thunderbolts Tues- day in the raid on Schweinfurt. The Thunderbolts destroyed 20 of them. Toll of Axis Planes May Increase This toll of Axis fighters probably will be increased when the crews that assaulted Regensburg make their reports. They struck the latter city and flew= on to Africa in one major phase of what was termed officially "the greatest operations in American aerial history." Meanwhile, USAAF Marauders at- tacked enemy airfields at Woens- drecht, Holland, and near Lille, France, this morning and returned without loss. War Director May Be Named Condon Press Expects Chief from Quebec LONDON, Aug. 19, Thursday-(P) --The London Daily Mail correspon- dent of the Quebec parleys, Don Iddon, said in a dispatch today that the Roosevelt-Churchill conference is studying plans for naming a com- mander-in-chief, probably an Eng- lishman, to head a "direct invasion front in which huge armies now massed in Britain will be hurled against the continent at a number of points." General arrangements for a "re- ceivership" of the Italian state and selection of a commander-in-chief in southern Asia also were being studied, he said. Iddon said his information was that Lt.-Gen. Joseph W. Stilwell, U.S. commander in China, Burma, and India, would head the Far East- ern command whose responsibility would be to retake Burma and open a drive against Japan while Gen. Douglas MacArthur's forces push up from the South Pacific. Finland Recalls Military Attache WASHINGTON, Aug. 18.- (AP)- Finland has withdrawn its naval and military attache from the United States, it was disclosed today. State Department officials would not comment. At the Finnish lega- tion, it was pointed out -that the United States military attache in Dapper Eden Arrives FDR Gives WLB Fiscal Aid To Thwart Unions Mine Workers Case May Wait Return of Pits to Control of Private Operators, Owners By The Associated Press WASHINGTON, Aug. 18.- President Roosevelt handed the War Labor Board a big financial club today with which to enforce its orders against defiant unions. But there was no indication that the board would swing the new weapon immediately in the direction of John L. Lewis, whose United Mine Workers have staged the most spectacular insurrection against the WLB. Rather it was expected that any action on the case of the Mine Workers would await return of the coal mines to private operation. The miners have been back in the pits without a contract since Secretary of the Interior Ickes took over the mines as government adminis- - Anthony Eden, British Secretary of Foreign Affairs, arrived yester- day at the Roosevelt-Churchill con- ference, reportedly bringing "good news" from Britain. *, * * * FDR To Visit Ottawa; Eden Flies to Canada Secretary Accompanied By Cadogen, Bracken; Hull Expected To Join QUEBEC, Aug. 18.-(P)-The ar- rival of British Foreign Secretary Anthony Eden from London and an announcement that President Roose- velt would visit Ottawa, capital of Canada, next week provided two pol- itical undertones tonight at the Al- lied war conference here. His powder blue pin-stripe trousers wet to the knees from an accidental] encounter with the St. Lawrence River at a landing float, Eden came in by plane in midafternoon, ac- companied by Sir Alexander Cado- gan, permanent Undersecretary of State for Foreign Affairs, and Bren- den Bracken, Minister of Informa- tion. Hull May Join Group Cordell Hull, American Secretary of State, may join the deliberations here shortly. Then the conference would be set to consider whatever facets of international politics may be on its agenda. President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill will study some of those facets despite the obvious emphasis on military matters in the conference as a whole, it appeared. The President and Prime Minister, on the basis of past performances, almost certainly will convey to Pre- mier Joseph Stalin of Russia the re- sults attained at Quebec, particu- larly since they are likely to be of such import as to equal and prob- ably surpass those of any of their previous meetings. Eden Might Go To Moscow Eden might be the courier to whom they would entrust the task of in- forming Stalin of the secret events now shaping up in the Allied con- ference. There have been reports, never officially denied, that the For- eign Secretary andperhaps Sumner Welles, American Undersecretary of State, would go to Moscow. Even should a jaunt to the Rus- sian capital be the real purpose un- derlying Eden's flight to Quebec, there still could remain room here for some examination of political issues which soon may confront the Allies in Europe and those in the more remote picture of the post-war world. trator after the strike shut-downs of early summer. WLB Can Punish Unions The presidential order gives the WLB power to punish a recalcitrant union by withholding check-off dues until it comes into line, or knock out other major contract benefits. Moving quickly under portions of the new policy which affect employ- ers rather than workers, the board directed two companies on its non- compliance list to appear at hearings within the next ten days and to show cause why they should not comply with the board's orders. Atlantic Iron Works To Appear Officials of the Atlantic Basin Iron Works, Inc., Brooklyn were directed to appear on Aug. 25. The company has objected to maintenance of mem- bership and arbitration provisions of the WLB order. The McGeorge Contracting Com- pany, Bauxite, Ark., was directed to appear on Aug. 27. The order in the case requires maintenance of union membership. Return of Mines Is Zero Hour The return of the mines to private [ownership appeared to be the "zero" hour for possible WLB action on union sanctions because the UMW policy committee has said that its agreement to work until Oct. 31, would "automatically terminate" if government custody of the mines is withdrawn. Such an eventuality, under the new compliance program, would re- quire Ickes to ask the board for an order withholding "the benefits, privileges or rights accruing" to the union. Specifically, union dues col- lected by deductions from payrolls would be held in escrow until com- pliance was obtained. The govern- ment also could drop enforcement of the union shop in the mines pending compliance. Board Voting To Be 'Today Two representatives will be chosen from 9 a.m. to noon and from 1 p.m. to 4 p.m. on campus today to fill vacancies on the Board in Control of Student Publication and the Board in Control of Ath- letics. Ballot boxes will be located at the Engineering Arch and in Uni- versity Hall for the selection of these officers. Candidates for the Board in Control of Student Pub- lications are Bud Burgess and J. Fredrick Hoffman. Art Upton and Clifford Myll are running for po- sitions on the Board in Control of Athletics. Voters must show identification cards or cashier's receipts. All Navy V-12 men are eligible to vote. Government Corpromise Is Apparent Legislators May Have Voice in Temporary Post-War Agreements WASHINGTON, Aug. 18,- (AP)-A compromise between Congress and the executive department to give the legislators a voice in temporary post- war agreements appears in the mak- ing. Some officials had favored hand- ling them without reference to Con- gress. But some legislators had con- tended such agreements would be treaties and must be approved by a two-thirds vote of the Senate. Under theproposed compromises, such questions of international co- operation as must be arranged in advance of a final peace treaty would be handled by an "agreement" sub- ject to congressional approval by a mere majority of both houses. Sen. Green (Dem.-R.I.) reported the first concrete move in that direc- tion today in announcing that a Senate^Foreign Relations Subcom- mittee had decided on that procedure for a proposed pact for cooperative rehabilitation of war - devastated countries. He said the proposed pact had been discussed by the subcommittee with Secretary of State Hull and "intimation" had been given to the State Department that congressional approval "would have to be obtained if appropriations are to be made to implement the agreement." He added that the State Depart- ment displayed an admirable spirit of cooperation and the conferences were very friendly. Asked about the talks with the senators, Hull told a press conference they were part of efforts being made to promote closer cooperation be- tween the legislative and executive branches of the government through frequent informal conferences. Coal Transport Will Increase Travel Was Delayed By Lake Conditions WASHINGTON, Aug. 18.- (P)- Joseph S. Eastman, Defense Trans- portation Director, said today he ex- pects a 10 percent increase this sea- son in coal shipments by boat to Lake Superior ports, although sup- plies there are now "slightly below" last year's amount. Eastman issued the statement af- ter coal interests, testifying yester- day in Minneapolis before the Mid- west Congressional Conference, said ore carriers were running back empty and warned that the northwest would face a serious coal shortage this winter. Normally, they said, ore carriers made the return trip to Du- luth loaded with coal. "Ore boats do not carry coal on every return trip," Eastman said, because it was necessary to send some back emptyntospeed the ore tonnage east. He explained that the opening of the season on the Great Lakes this spring was delayed several weeks by ice conditions which made it difficult to get down the necessary iron ore. Capt. Brandt Killed in Crash on Routine Flight Capt. Gordon L. Brandt of Ann Arbor was killed yesterday when his Allies Return To Wewak in Surprise Raid Bombers Finish Off Most of Landed Craft, Destroy 28 Interceptors By The Associated Press ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN THE SOUTHWEST PACIFIC, Aug. 19, Thursday-Japan's airforce trag- edy at Wewak, New Guinea, was made more complete Wednesday by returning Allied fliers who shot down 28 out of 30 interceptors, then swept low to finish off all but 10 of the 225 planes the enemy had in the area. Borneo Hit Again Today's communique reported the new devastation along with a new naval victory in the Solomons and a third pounding within a week of oil refineries and ships on southeast- ern Borneo. On Tuesday, American and Aus- tralian fliers trapped planes, massed wing tip to wing tip, on four Wewak area airdromes, destroyed 120, se- verely damaged 50 others and shot down three out of seven interceptors. That left only 52 ships undamaged. Bombers Go Back to Wewak Wednesday, four-engined and two- engined bombers went back to We- wak, escorted by fighters, bagged 28 of those 52 ships in the air, then for hours droned over the base, churning up piles of ashes and torn plane parts with their bombs. Then they spread fire and ex- plosion through the town and har- bor area, setting three cargo ships afire. Japs Are Hard-Hit This second raid wound up the heaviest blow yet to fall on the Japa- nese air force in the Pacific, war, one which virtually wiped out a fleet of ships the enemy had assembled, probably in support of its beleaguered garrison as Salamaua, -350 miles down the coast from Wewak. Today's communique also reported a sea victory on the Vella Gulf below American-occupied Vella Lavella Is- land in the Solomons. Ruthven Will Visit England President Alexander G. Ruthven announced at his summer home in Frankfort yesterday that he will leave for England shortly to study problems of education during and after the war. President Ruthven will spend several weeks investigating war ed- ucation at the invitation of the British government. He will ob- serve the adult education system used by the British army and co- ordinated by universities and plans for education of returning service- men. The trip will help "coordinate effort and develop an internation- al understanding in educational problems," he said. Europe To Arm, TroopsAreReady Planes Hound Nazi Freeing of Subject Retreating Troops Lands To Be Soon By The Associated Press By The Associated Press LONDON, Aug. 18. - The Allied- ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN controlled United Nations radio at, NORTH AFRICA, Aug. 18.- Two Algiers told the people of occupied Ae-Europe tonight to perfect their prep- superb armies in Sicily--the arations "for the day you will hear can Seventh and British Eighth- the call of the Allied High Con- are "ready to go at any minute" in mand" on the eve of the invasion of bold new offensives, Gen. Dwight D. the continent. Eisenhower declared today, report- The broadcast, recorded by the ing that the Axis lost more than Associated Press, said that although 167,000 men killed, wounded and cap- "w~e are obviously not going to re- tured on the island up to Aug. 10. veal where the next blow will fall," As the Allied commander-in-chief the people of "the occupied country disclosed the magnitude of Axis cas- which is to be the first to welcome ualties, artillery duels thundered over the armies of liberation will be noti- Messina Strait and Allied warplanes fied at the last minute." It said that hounded enemy remnants retreating time might be near at hand. by sea and over broken roads up the Although the broadcast especial- Italian mainland. ly mentioned metropolitan France, Allies Lose 25,000 in effect all those awaiting free- Allied casualties from beginning to dom from Greece to Norway were end in Sicily were 25,000 men, Eis- told to make their preparations for enhower said, while the Axis toll of "the new phase, the liberation of over 167,000-of whom at least 32,000 occupied countries," which it said were dead or injured-did not in- had already begun. clude their losses in the final week The announcer concluded the of battle. broadcast by saying the message was The Axis also lost 260 tanks and from the Allied High Command. 502 guns up to Aug. 10, and 1,691 Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower broad- planes from July 1 to Aug. 17-more cast the first warning to occupied than a six-to-one ratio over Allied countries to prepare for the battle of plane losses of 274. Europe on July 10, when the invasion New Thrusts Are Imminent of Sicily began. Eisenhower hinted at new thrusts Speaking over the Algiers radio, to come soon. He declared the bat- he then told the French that tIe-tried U.S. Seventh Army now is they would be informed "when the "A worthy partner of the Eighth hour of action strikes," and warn- Army" and would give Commander ed them to remain calm until that Gen. Sir Harold Alexander a mighty hour. one-two punch. Tonight, the Madrid radio quoted "Both armies are ready to go at "informed circles" as saying that any minute. We can count on them General Eisenhower had messaged with complete confidence," he said. President Roosevelt and Prime Min- With the battle of Sicily finished ister Churchill that Allied armies "ahead of schedule" in 38 days by were ready for the immediate in- occupation of Messina yesterday, Al- vasion of Italy. lied ground troops today continued It quoted the same circles as be- rounding up isolated enemy units in lieving the invasion may be only the hills, and Allied artillery ham- several hours off. mered shells onto the Italian main- land to harry the German retreat. H Planes Pursue Axis -L(WfiO H its Fleets of airplanes took up the pur- suit of the Axis rearguard with bomb Return of Sicily and gunfire attacks on roads and beaches and rail lines in southern Italy yesterday, and sank eight boats BERN, Switzerland, Ang. 18-()- and barges along the Italian coast Admitting Allies might have forced carrying troops seeking safety in the Axis abandonment of Sicily, Italian north by sea. Premier Marshal Pietro Badoglio to- The weightiest attacks were made day implied future return of the war- upon freight yards at Battipaglia torn isle to Italy and brought the south of Naples, highways at Castro- nation's World War leader Vittorio villare south of Naples, and a bridge Orlanda out of his anti-Fascist re- at Angitola. tirement to cheer his fellow Sicilians. The Germans, Eisenhower said in In a three-minute radio speech ad- a summary of the campaign, lost dressed to all Italians, but specifically at least 30,000 troops - including slanted toward Sicily, Badoglio said 6,000 to 7,000 killed and injured- "the sacred soil of Sicily has had to of the 70,000 to 75,000 men they be adandoned" in the face of the poured into the island's defense. enormous numerical 4nd material Their casualties in the short ferry- superiority of the Allies. haul across Messina Strait probably Speaking on the same problem was never will be known, the General Sicilian-born Vittorio Emanuel Or- said, adding that he personally re- lando, 83-year-old former Italian gretted that any Nazis were able premier who was one of the big four to make a getaway. at the Versailles peace conference. 3,200 TOTAL GERMANS KILLED: Reds Capture ZmyeI&v below Kharkov THIEVERY AT BREAK OF DAWN: Fraternity .Open Door Policy' Facilitates $232.50 Robbery By The Associated Press LONDON, Aug. 19, Thursday- Russian troops striking across the Donets River below Kharkov yester- day captured Zmyev, 20 miles south of the city, in "a decisive assault" that killed 1,200 Germans and threatened to cut one of the last rail- ways feeding the beseiged Ukraine base, Moscow disclosed early today. Red Army smashes northwest and west of Kharkov also resulted in overall gains of seven miles, the kill- ing of 2,000 more Germans;, and the capture of more than 50 villages in the steady semi-encirclement of the big enemy bastion, the daily com- munique announced. Soviet shock troops have been fighting reinforced German units in the northeastern suburbs for a week. Reds Take Installations Scores of mortar batteries, ma- chineguns and tanks were captured or destroyed in the wheeling move- ment below Kharkov that reached Zmyev, said the communique, re- corded by the Soviet monitor. Zmyev is only 10 miles from the Kharkov- * * * plement'also announced the capture of an "advantageous point" on the Spa Demensk front farther north. One thousand Germans were slain there, is said. Gains of four to six miles were re- ported on the Bryansk front where 40 villages were seized, including the rail stations of Beryezovka, 21 miles northeast of Bryansk, and Malinka, 20 miles to the east. Front dispatches had said earlier the Russians were only 15 miles from Bryansk. German Reserves Are Overcome Hastily-massed German reserves hurled into the attack had delayed the Russian offensives, especially around Kharkov, but the communi- que said these had been overcome once more in the effort to force the Germans to fall back to the Dnieper river. The Soviet army newspaper Red Star, however, bluntly called again for an Allied second front in Europe, one that would divert 50 or 60 Ger- man divisions from Russia. Red Star declared: By MARGARET FRANK Since their money has been stolen the fraternity houses on campus will undoubtedly begin locking their doors; men or man identity unknown took advantage of the "open door policy" of the Zeta Psi, ATO and Alpha Chi Sigma houses, entered, and collected $232.50. According to house manager of the Zeta Psi house, now a University operated house for freshmen, the thieves could have entered through either the front or back doors as they Mournful fraternity brothers of Alpha Sigma Chi pointed out that this was getting to be almost an an- nual affair; and that their house had been ransacked four times pre- viously in the last four years. The last time the house was robbed was last fall when the largest loser had his finances reduced by $150. In yesterday's robberies the losses ranged from 50 cents to $65. The boy who lost 50 cents had a $200 wrist watch lying by the change which -. .