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Editorial
India's Stand
Tragically Unrealistic .
I
VOL. LII No. 39- ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN SATURDAY, AUGUST 8, 19424
2:15 A.M. FINAL
Kaiser Given
Nelson's Okay
Oan 100 Cargo
Planes NOW
Navy Reacts Unfavorably,
But WPB Head Declares
He'll Stick To Decision
To Build 70-Ton 'Mars'
Combat Planes Still
Retain' Priorities
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, Aug. 7.-Henry J.
Kaiser, West Coast builder of dams
and ships, got the go ahead today
from Production Chief Donald M.
Nelson to build a fleet of 500 70-ton
"Mars" flying boats, but there were
plain indications that the Navy had
balked at the plan.;
A WPB official, who declined to
be quoted by name, acknowledged
that the Navy had "been reacting all
afternoon" to Nelson's announce-
ment in the morning that Kaiser
would get a letter of intent to build
100 cargo planes of the Mars type
Ih shipyards, to be followed by 400
more if he makes good on the first
batch.,
A source in the middle of the situ-
ation said Nelson was determined to
sign the commitment himself if the
Navy would not. ,
inder his wartime powers, the
WPB chairman had authority to di-
rect that contracts be placed by
other government agencies.'
Nelson told reporters one impor-
tant strirg was attached to his com-
mitment to the shipbuilder. Kaiser
must demonstrate, before he starts
construction, that his program will
not interfere with combat plane pro-
duction by severely draining materi-
als, machinery or equipment.
A second letter of intent will be
issued to Kaiser, a WPB spokes-
man said, authorizing him to pre-
pare designs and engineering specifi-
cations f6r a 200-ton flying 15oat, in-
tended to be a cargo carrier vastly
greater than anything in the skies.
This commitment, however, will
not cover construction of the mam-
moth plane.
Conccessions
Not Granted,
SaysPetrillo
Denies Any 'Make 'En,
Play 'Em, Break 'Em'
Agreement Exists
By The Associated Press
CHICAGO, Aug. 7.-James C. Pe-
trillo, American Federation of Mu-
sicians' president, said today he had
given no "make 'em, play 'em, break
'em" concession to anyone in his cur-
rent fight against recorded music on
radio.
George S. McMillan, secretary of
the Association of National Adver-
tisers, announced in New York Wed-
nesday the union had assured him it
would permit its 138,000 members to
make transcriptions for commercial
broadcasts provided the recordings
were played only once over a station
and then destroyed.
'Mr. McMillan is misinformed,"
Petrillo said. "I gave no such per-
mission nor did any other officer of
the Federation. Any recording com-
pany wishing to make such an agree-
ment would have to apply to us in
writing and none has."
Petrillo ordered the membership to
cease making records for radio
broadcast July 31, contending use of
recordings and transcriptions was
costing musicians work and wages.
His action prompted an anti-trust
suit bythe federal government.
Interlochen Ban
Called Shortsighted
PORTLAND, Me., Aug. 7.-(R)-
James C. Petrillo's banning of radio
broadcasts by the National High
School Orchestra at Interlochen was
described as "short-sighted" today
by the president of the National Fed-
eration of Music Clubs.
The president, Mrs. Guy P. Gan-
net, said she sympathized with the
president of the American Federa-
tion of Musicians' "desire to secure
all possible employment for adult
musicians," but she added.
U.S. Only Ankle Deep In War:
Eleventh Hour Warning To Nation
i
German Armies
Drive Nearer Oil
Fields Of Maikop
* * *
* * *
* * *
* * *
, ' By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, Aug. 7.-The
Office of War Information, warn-
ing that "WE COULD LOSE THE
WAR," declared tonight that pro-
duction of fighting planes, tanks,
most types of artillery and naval
vessels fell behind schedule in
June and that increasing sacri-
fices must be made by civilians if
the war program is to be success-
ful.
Presenting a gloomy and critical
review of the military and pro-
duction situation at the present
time, OWI asserted that indi-
vidual Americans had made great
sacrifices but "as a nation we are
not yet more than ankle deep in
the war." .
Referring by indirection to de-
mands for the opening of a second
front in Europe, the OWI declared
that "popular pressure for action
on this front or that of the many
possible fronts can serve no useful
purpose."
American military forces are
being disposed "as and where the
military commanders believe they
get the maximum of results," and
"when we cannot be strong and
hit hard everywhere, we must be
able to hit hard where it counts
most even at the price of leaving
other areas inactive," OWI said.
"We always knew that, for us,
1042 would be largely. a year of
preparation, and that our allies
would have to do most of the.
fighting during most of the year.
Before we can do much of the
fighting we must move great
numbers of men and vast masses
of material over enormous dis-
tances.
"This job, so far, has been done
with entire success; but we are
going to have to keep on doing it,
in increasing volume, until the
war is won."~
The review declared that our
allies thus far have carried most
of the load "and we have not given
them as much help as we had led
them to expect." This was due
partly to enemy victories, the re-
view added, but "by and large,
we have not been producing war
material to the maximum of avail-
able capacity and have not been.
getting that material to the fight-
ing fronts in the time and in the
volume that will be needed to
win."
"We are deep in what may be
the decisive year of the war." the
review continued. "But 1942 will
be the decisive year only if our
enemies do not succeed in inflict-
ing crippling blows on our allies
before the year is out.
Asserting that the military
forces had done "pretty well but .,
not well enough," OWI said "we
held the central Pacific and rein-
forced Australia; but he (the en-
emy) still holds the Philippines,
and the Dutch islands and the
rubber that we need."
"Even if they fail in that they
will still take a lot of licking.
"But, if they should paralyze
the striking power of Russia or
wear down the endurance of Chi-
na, or break the British power in
the Middle East, the war will be
decided in some later year not
.now foreseen, and victory will be
far more costly."
The situation at home likewise
is a job done "pretty well but not
well enough." OWI asserted.
"Our production. measured by
our standards of a couple of years
ago, is amazing; measured against
what we need to win, it is not yet
enough. In June we fell slightly
below schedule in total military
planes, in total combat planes,
and in most of the individual
types; we made more planes than
any other country in the world,
but we did not make as many as
we said we were going to, make,
The same is true of tanks, of most
types of artillery and of naval
vessels-particularly the small
craft needed to fight submarines."
In July, the review said, the
curve of submarine sinkings
throughout the world started
downward and, while it was hoped
this trend would continue, "pro-
duction of small- vessels for the
anti-submarine campaign is still
lagging and in June was less than
half of schedule."
"Even if shipbuilding continued
to rise and sinkings to decrease,
we shall probably be well into 1943'
before we again have as much
merchant shipping as we had on
December 7, 1941," the review de-
clared.
OWI was critical of "faulty
control of inventories and of flow
of materials" which it said had
forced some temporary shutdowns
in war plants. The review added,
however, that the war production
drive was taking a new turn to
emphasize output of materials and
that "mistakes made this time
were perhaps unavoidable and
will not be made again."
"But, their consequences will be
with us for some time to come,"
the review added, "and the resolu-
tion not to repeat them must be
backed up by an intensified effort
of the entire nation."
"Too many people seem to feel
that we are fighting this war out
of a surplus-a surplus of re-
sources and productive capacity, a
surplus of time," OWI said, "That
is not true. We have plenty of
some resources; in others we are
a have-not nation.
"We should all lik- to believe
for instance that we are going to
have all the rubber we need for
pleasure driving as well as for
military and essential civilian
uses. But there is no present pros-,
pect of that; if people eagerly be-
lieve everybody who tells them
that there is going to be plenty of
rubber, they are only fooling
themselves and helping the en-
emy."
Allies Discuss
Plan To Save
Russia 'Now
Other Nazi Troops Smash
Closer To Stalingrad;
IDon Battles Continued
Russians Retreat
Toward Armavir
4 5
WMC Plans 1
Direct Grants
For Students
To Assure Proper Supply
Of Army, Navy Officer
Material andSpecialists
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, August 7.-Edu-
cation sources disclosed today a
special committee of the War Man-
power Commission was considering a
proposal for wartime "democratiza-
tion" of American colleges through
direct money grants to students, as
a means of assuring an adequate
supply of Army and Navy officer ma-
terial and other trained personnel
for the general war program.
An educator, who preferred not to
be quoted directly, predicted that
unless the Government subsidized
'higher education the number of stu-
dents in colleges and universities
might drop as much as 30 percent
dur;g the next school term.
Student subsidy is but one of sev-
eral proposals beings weighed by the
special manpower committee, he said!
and it was understood there was con-
siderable difference of" opinion
among educators as to the proper so-
lution of the college problem.
A subsidy program would require
congressional approval, with some
doubt/ in educational quarters that
any action could be had before open-
ing of the fall terms in September.
A subsidy program might embrace
women students as well as men, in
the scientific and professional fields.
Dr. Edward C. Elliott, president of
Purdue University, is chairman of
the manpower committee formulat-
ing the co-ordinated plan.
Congress man'
Says Russta,
Japs- At War
By The Associated Press
SEATTLE,] Aug. 7.-"Japan is al-
ready at war with Russia and it is
common knowledge in Washington,
D.C., that the Japs have already
sunk several Russian ships in the
Pacific," Rep. Warren G. Magnuson
(Dem.-Wash.), a member of the
Naval Affairs Committee. said today
in an interview.
"The last was sunk very recently,"
he said. "They are justifying their
action on the ground that the Rus-
sians were carrying American ma-
terials."
He said he knew only in a general
way of the sinking of Russian ships
by Japanese submarines. He said he
had heard the name of the vessel
most recently sunk in the North
Pacific but had forgotten it.
Army Judge-Advocate School
To. Be Brought To Uniersty
By HALE CHAMPION
The Army announced today that
fhe Judge-Advocate General's school
will be transferred to the University
Law School early next month.
Dean E. Blythe Stason of the law
school expressed his satisfaction with
the arrangements made by the Board
of Regents, declaring, "We are for-
tunate in being able to aid the war
effort in this way."
The action of tine Board of Regents
in arranging the occupation of the
Cook Law Quadrangle-completed in
1933' at a cost of $7,000,000-marked
the temporary end of .a full-sized
University law school. The services
have so far depleted registration that
instruction of the few remaining reg-
ular students will be carried on
alongside instruction in the Judge-
Advocate school.
Associated Press reports from
Washington quoted Gen. Myron C.
Kramer, Judge-Advocate General, as
State Will Get
'Air Spotters
Van Wagoner Announces
TuesdayMeeting
LANSING, Aug., 7.-(A)-Governor
Van Wagoner announced today that
a meeting to organize a complete air-
spotter system for Michigan will be
held Tuesday in the executive office.
Van Wagoner disclosed that Mich-
igan for several months has operated
an emergency air-raid watcher sys-
tem and that permission for the cre-
ation of a more permanent organi-
zation now has beert granted by the
commanding general of the Sixth
Service Command at Chicago.
The emergency spotting system, he
said, had included the Coast Guard,
State Police, Conservation Depart-
ment, Lighthouse Service, sheriff's
officers in many counties, and night
watchmen at private plants. Some
of those organizations may be kept
in the permanent system, Van Wag-
oner said.
saying that the chief reason for the
change-the school has been located
since last .February at National Uni-
versity Law School in Washington-
was the congested condition of the
capitol.I
Lecture halls and offices have been
set aside in Hutchins. Hall, and, offi-
cers will be quartered in the Law
Quadrangle. Ordnance students now
living in the Quadrangle will have
graduated before the Army detach-
ment arrives, but their successors in
the course will have to find other
quarters.
Roosevelt, Still
Studying Fate
Of Saboteur's
WASHINGTON. Aug. 7.-0)-
There was no indication tonight as
to when the fate of the eight alleged
Nazi saboteurs would be announced.
The White House merely let stand
a statement by the Chief Executive
that he had not yet completed his
study of testimony obtained by a
military commission which tried the
men on charges they came to Amer-
ica on Nazi submarines to destroy
key war installations.
Mr. Roosevelt said late last Tues-
day he would finish his review of the
case in "two or three days." But in
the three days that have elapsed he
has had relatively little time to de-
vote to the voluminous documents
laid before him by the military com-
mission, since Queen Wilhelmina of
the Netherlands has been a White
House guest.
In response to an inquiry about an
International News Service story
that the Chief Executive had ap-
proved death sentences for six of the
saboteurs, William D. Hassett, assis-I
tant Presidential Secretary, told re-
porters "the President has not yet
concluded his reading of testimony
in the saboteur case." The Chief Ex-
ecutive himself repeated that asser-
tion at a press conference.
Investigations
Of News Leak
To BeOpened
Chicago Tribune Involved
In Grand Jury Inquiry
Into Midway Stories
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, Aug. 7.-Attorney
General Francis Biddle announced
tonight that a grand jury investiga-
tion would be started immediately at
Chicago into the publication "by cer-
tain newspaper on Sunday, June 7,
1942, of confidential t information
concerning the battle of Midway.",
Biddle said he had directed the in-
vestigation as a result of a prelimin-
ary inquiry and upon the recommen-
dation of the Navy Department.
The official announcement did not
name the newspapers, but Robert W.
Horton, head of the news bureau of
the office of war information, said
the investigation "involved the Chi-
cago Tribune, the New York Daily
News and the Washington Times
Herald."
The grand jury will be directed to
investigate the possible violation of
any criminal statutes, Biddle said,
particularly the act of March 28,
1940, forbidding the unlawful com-1
munication of documents or infor-
mation relating to national defense.
Horton said that the three news-
papers he named published a story
stating that the strength of the Jap-
anese naval forces engaged in the
battle of Midway was known in ad-
vance in American naval circles. The
story cited as its authority "reliable
sources in the Naval Intelligence."
Murray Stries,
At AFLPoicyA
Blames Union For Evading
Joint Comnmittee Plan,
PITTSBURGH, Aug. 7.-(R)-CIO
president Philip Murray declared to-
night in a telegram to the War La-
bor Board that the American Feder-
ation of Labor has "tried to evade"
his suggestion that a joint"CIO-AFL
committee be set up to arbitrate jur-
isdictional disputes.
The telegram read in part:
"The CIO has repeatedly informed
the War Labor Board of its willing-
ness and readiness to submit all jur-
isdictional disputes involving the
AFL to arbitration, so as to avoid all
stoppages in the interest of winning
the war.
"This offer has likewise. been re-
peatedly made to the AFL. It
was included in my letter of August
2 to William Green. In replying,
'Urgent' Moscow Conclave
Attended By Diplomats,
MilitaryStrategists
By The Associated Press
LONDON, Aug. 7.-Urgent confer-j
ences on means to save Russia now1
as an essential to winning of the war
were reported in session at Moscow
today among strategists and diplo-
mats of the United Nations. This in-
NEW YORK, Aug. 7.-(P)-The
Tokyo Radio tonight "broadcastJ
Japanese editorial comment con-
taining the first hints from there
that Japan herself might 'open a
second front with an attack on1
Russia in Siberia.
The broadcast noted reports of
the arrival in Moscow of Allied
representatives and said the moves
in the Russian capital were "indic-
a'tive of 'further Anglo-American
machinations aimed to open up a
second front to save the Soviet
Union from collapse."
formation came from sources whose
identity could not be disclosed.
Known to be conferring with Rus-
sian militarists in the Kremlin were:
Admiral William H. Standley,
American Ambassador to Russia who
flew from the alternate capital at
Kuibyshev;
Maj.-Gen. Follett Bradley of the
United States Air Forces, who flew
tb Moscow from the United States
with a personal message from Presi-
dent Roosevelt to Premier Joseph
Stalin;
Sir Archibald Clark Kerr, British
Ambassador to Russia;
Roger Garreau, head of the Fight-
ing I(rench mission to Russia;
Maj.-Gen. William Steffens, Nor-
wegian military attache to Kuiby-
shev.
The established presence of these
conferees suggested that others rep-
resenting their own and other United
Nations were in Moscow to help de-
termine how to relieve the pressure
on the Red Armies defending the
Caucasus oil and the Volga lifeline of
supply..
Gandhi Opens
Drive T o Oust
British Power,
BOMBAY, Aug. 7.-(P)-In the bi-
zarre setting of a canvas pavilion fit-
ted with electric fans and aipublic-
address system, Mohandas K. Gan-
dhi called on his nationalist followers
today to rise with him in an unprece-
dented mass campaign of civil dis-
obedience aimed at driving the Brit-
ish out of power in allIndia.
"Our movements for freedom in
the past will become insignificant
compared with the forthcoming
movement," the frail little ascetic or-
ator declared as he sat motionless,
bare above the waist, his bare legs
crossed on a couch before which a
microphone had been adjusted.
"Now is the occasion when we will
have to rise."
Yet with this dramatic summons
to action he coupled warnings that
the campaign must be passive, that
he would not tolerate violence, an~d
that Japanese invasion would be "a
dangerous thing-you must remove
it from your minds."
Ten thousand spectators heard
him in a. hush so deep that the hum
of the electric fans was clearly. audi4
ble throughout his address.,
The occasion was the opening of
an All-India Congress party session
called to sanction a resolution which
will make Gandhi the non-violent
generalissimo of the independence
drive. Approval, perhaps tomorrow, is
regarded as a foregone conclusion.
Brown Appointed
Pethodv Libr arin
By The Associated Press
MOSCOW, Aug. 8 (Saturday)-
German armies plunging deeper into
the Caucasus have driven to the
Armavir area within 60 miles of the
Maikop oil fields while other Nazi
forces moved closer toward the
threatened Volga city of Stalingrad,
the Russians announced officially
today.
Indicating that the Nazi masses
had stormed across the vital Kuban
river in the western Caucasus, the
midnight communique reported that
fierce engagements were being fought
in the Armavir area and to the south
of Kushcehvka.
Armavir is 160 miles south of*Ros-
tov on the Rostov-Baku railroad. It
is almost on the Kuban river, sflghtly
to the west of that waterway.
New Reverse Described
The midnight report told of the
new reverse in the Caucasus in these
terse phrases:
"In the area south of Belaya Glina ,
our troops have been waging defen-
sive battles for several days against
advancing German Fascist troops.
After bloody battles against
superior enemy forces our troops re-
treated to a new defense line in the
direction of Armavir."
The violent- battles of the Don
Bend, where some of the biggest tank
engagements of the war were being
fought, continued without let-up.
The communique declared several
German attacks were repulsed in the
Kletskaya area, some 75 miles north-
west of Stalingrad. One guards unit
alone was said to have hurled back
17 enemy tank attacks and destroyed
more than 100 tanks.
Nazis Nearer Stalingrad
But, the Russians acknowledged,
the Germans had pushed a wedge
north of Kotelnikovski closer to
Stalingrad. Just how far this Ger-
man threat carried toward the city
of the Volga named for Joseph Stalin
was not disclosed. Kotelnikovski is
95 miles southwest of Stalingrad and
below the Don River.
The Soviet troops pressing the Ger-
mans in the Voronezh sector at the
northern end of the front were re-
ported to have forced a crossing of
the upper Don River and occupied
two large populated planes.
The Russians are attempting to
relieve the pressure on the south by
the action around Voronezh.
At sea, the Russians said, Red fleet
warships operating in the Baltic sank
an enemy transport of 10,000 tons.
No details on this feat were given.
But with all the Russian resistance,
bolstered now by reserves, the pene-
tration into the Caucasus in the
Armavir region was the deepest thus
far reported by the Soviets in that
important sector.
The fresh reserves apparently were
checking the superior Nazi forces in
all save the area below Belaya Glina,
through which the German tanks
have plunged toward Armavir and
the Maikop oil fields.
RAF Bombs
Ruhr District
Industrial Section Blasted
In ThirdNightRaid
LtONDON, Aug. 7.-(e-The RAF
sent a strong force of bombers
through thick weather to the Ruhr
valley for the third successive night
last night, blasting the big indus-
trial center and inland river port
>of Duisburg and other points.
The Air Ministry~ acknowledged
that six planes were missing after
these attacks and other raids on
Nazi airdromes in the low countries,
but did not disclose the number of
participating planes. However, a
British source said that in the days
before the 1,000-bomber raids last
night's force would have been re-
garded as "a whopper."
The German High Command ad-
mitted there had been material dam-
age to buildings and said the raids
'Air Raid Shelter' To Be Built
To. Boost Sale OfWar Stamps
Before the eyes of passersby today!
the campus's first 'public air raid
shelter' will be erected at the corner
of State Street and North University,
to boost the sale of U. S. War Bonds
and Stamps.
Realistically sandbagged the 'V'
shaped booth, cooperative project in
man, and ThomAs Donegan, painter
foreman, and the common labor un-
der Russell C. Trombley, grounds
foreman; all of the Buildings and
Grounds Department.
Several students have volunteered
to supply the common labor neces-
sary and have been busily at work