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Editorial
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VOL. LII No. 37-S ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN THURSDAY, AUGUST 6, 142
2:15 A.M. FINAL
WPB Advocates
Doubled' Output
Of C argo, Planes
Increased Production Requires Curtailing
Other Vital Supplies; Decision Left
To Military Staff Chiefs, Says Nelson
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, Aug. 5-The War Production Board's committee on
cargo planes has recommended the doubling, at least, of cargo plane pro-
duction, Chairman ponald M. Nelson announced today, but he left squarely
up to the military Chiefs of Staff the decision whether to cut down combat
plane production to make the increase possible.
Three major recommendations of the committee, Nelson said, called for:
1. An increase in cargo plane output to at least twice the present pro-
gram, through an increase in present procurement and through conversion
of certain bombers to cargo type.
, 2. Further impetus to development of longer-range land and sea
planes.
3. A "large increase" in facilities for the manufacture and transpor-
tation of aviation gasoline to meet the needs of a greatly expanded move-
ment of cargo by air.
"If we now undertake to build a substantially larger number of cargo
planes than is already provided for >
in our schedule, we must of course
cut down the number of some other
:airplanes in our program," Nelson
said in releasing a digest of the
special committee's report.
"That is a decision for the Chiefs
of Staffs to make, since it is essen-
tially a matter of high military stra-
tegy.
"Meanwhile the War Production
Board will continue to study the
situation to see whether it is going
to be possible to expand our pro-
duction of cargo planes through new
facilities or by using other industries
such as shipbuildefs."
'Mars' Is Successful
In the latter connection,, Nelson
said the committee's study indicated
the giant Martin Mars 70-ton sea-
plane would be "very successful."
This is the type which Henry J.
Kaiser, West Coast shipbuilding wiz-
ard, has proposed to build in ship-
yards.
Fifty percent of all military ton-
nage could be shipped overseas by
air, in the committee's opinion, if
sufficient sky freighters were avail-
able. Twenty per cent of all non-
military commodities which must be
exported from the United States in
the next year, including machine
tools, concentrated foods, chemicals,
surgical and medical supplies, could
be shipped by air if the planes were
on hand, it was asserted. \
However, even if the cargo aircraft
program were doubled, as recom-
mended, sufficient planes would be
available to deliver only a fraction
of this material.
Bombers Grounded
Senator Lee (D-Okla), Chairman
of a Senate Sub-Committee investi-
gating the possibility of building
more cargo planes, said some Ameri-
can bombers were grounded in Africa
and Australia for lack of spare parts.
This, he said, showed the need for
big cargo planes to speed materials
to the fighting fronts, actual and
potential.
Lieut. Gen. Henry H. Arnold, Chief
of the Army's Air Forces, told the
subcommittee that the Army was
doing everything to obtain sufficient
cargo planes in a rounded, all-out
program which called for three
cargo-carriers to every ten long-
range bombers by the end of 1943.'
.nly Available Supply
Only the available supply of tools,
facilities and critical materials is
limiting the production of transport
planes, the Air Chief told the -Mili-
tary Affairs Subcommittee,,
"We believe it is possible to get
more tools, facilities and materials,
but they are not in sight at present,"
he said.
Commenting on Arnold's report
that air freighter construction for
the last half of 1942 would be equiv-
alent to 21 per cent of the multiple-
engined bomber plane construction,
Chairman Lee (D-Okla) said this
was "very encouraging" but still short
of the need.
Nazis Mlake Ne
Long-Range Aerial
Attack On Iceland
REYKJAVIK, Iceland, Aug. 5.-(IP)
-The Germans have made their
second long-range aerial attack in 48
hours on isolated points in Iceland,
the United States Army announced
tndav in a eonmmniim dclaring a
Overtime Payi
PolicyOf CIO
To Be Revoked'
Huge Union Serves Notice
Of Accepting Increased
Wages For Extra Work
By The Associated Press
CHICAGO, Aug. 5.-The United
Automobile, Aircraft .and Agricul-
tural Implement Workers Union to-
day served notice it would revoke its
policy of shunning overtime pay for
war labor on Saturdays and Sundays
within the regular work week unless
rival groups made similar sacrifices.
The executive board of the big,
CIO union formulated the policy at
a war emergency conference last
April, when it decided that no over-
time should be paid for work on
Saturday and Sunday when those
days were part of a normal five-day
work week. The policy alo said
overtime should be paid for a sixth;
or seventh day of labor within a1
work week.
Some delegates complained that
competing American Federation of
Labor unions capitalized on the pol-
icy of the UAW-CIO by informing
prospective members they, could get
overtime pay in the AFL.
The convention then approved a(
resolution which set forth: '
"Unless the policy of relinquishing
premium pay for Saturdays, Sundays
and holidays is universally applied1
throughout industry within 30 days
from the adjournment of this con-
vention, the UAW-CIO shall deemi
itsplf released from its commitment
and will consider local unions to be1
legally and morally justified in re-
fusing to recognize as valid any con-
tractural provision by which such
premium pay was relinquished."
The declaration also urged Presi-
dent Roosevelt to order the renego-
tiation of war contracts "so that the.
nation and not the employers shall
receive the benefit of the savings de-
rived from the relinquishment of
double or premium time."
Union To Allow
Record-MaK
Use Recordings Only Once
Is Condition Of AFM
NEW YORK, Aug. 5.-(P)-George
S. McMillan, secretary of the Asso-
ciation of National Advertisers, said
today the American Federation of
Musicians (AFL) had assured him it
would permit its members to make
transcriptions for commercial broad-
casts provided the recordings were
played only once over a station and
then destroyed.
The union told him, McMillan
added, that each individual request
should come through recording com-
panies and the master disc must be
filed with the Chicago or New York
City headquarters of the union "or
assurances given that it will be de-
stroyed."
The union's ban on making musi-
cal recordings for public use went
Murray Urges
Complete Unity
To HaltStrikes
Asks Cooperation Of AFL
To Eliminate Stoppages
Of Work During War
By The Associated Press
CHICAGO, Aug. 5-CIO chief
Philip Murray today urged the Amer-
ican Federation of Labor tocooper-
ate with the Congress of Industrial
Organizations in a program designed
to halt jurisdictional strikes for the
duration of the war.
Murray stated he was "deeply con-
cerned" by work stoppages caused by
such' differences and recalled that, in
a letter to AFL President William
Green last Sunday, he had proposed
the creation of a joint CIO-AFL
committee, with an impartial arbi-
trator, to handle all jurisdictional
disputes between the two groups.
"I hope the federation will em-
power. its president to mediate, con-
ciliate and arbitrate," he said. "If the
executive council (AFL) agrees to
delegate that power to its president,
I am prepared to assure America
that there will not be another strike
caused by jurisdictional disputes in
the United States during the war. I
depend on the A. F. of L. I am ready
to do my part."
Murray defined his views in a
speech before the annual convention
of the United Automobile, Aircraft
and Agricultural Implement Work-
Urs Union (CIO).
Green, here attending a meeting of
the AFL executive council, made no:
comment.
Murray also touched briefly on the
agreement" of the AFL and CIO to
consider a reunion of their forces at
a peace parley. He said, "Many knot-
ty problems will arise in the coming
unity conference, and I appeal to the
patience of American workers while
the two committees strive to adjust
differences."
Revised Rules
For Fraternity
men ,Approve
Announcing that recommenda-
tions made by the Executive Com-
mittee of the Interfraternity Council
and the University of Michigan In-
terfraternity Alumni had been ap-
proved by the members of the Stu-
dent Affairs Committee late Tues-
day, Joseph A. Bursley, Dean of Stu-
dents, added that these new regula-
tions governing the activities of fra-
ternities have been adopted in view
of the emergency situation and for
the period of the emergency only.
The request for an extension of
time from midnight to 1 a. m. for
the Summer Prom, the loutstanding
social event of the Summer Term,
was also granted with a further rec-
ommendation that all dances be sim-
plified as much as possible. During
the emergency the Student Affairs
Committee declared that no approval
will be given for fraternity house
parties.,
Upon the suggestion of the Execu-
tive Committee of the Interfraternity
Council, the Committee on Student
Affairs decided that eligibility rules
in regard to depledging are to be sus-
pended for the summer term only
and that unaffiliated men residing in
fraternity houses are to sign con-
tracts agreeing to abide by all Uni-
versity approved chapter rules re-
garding conduct and other regula-
tions.
The University of Michigan Inter-
fraternity Council, representing the
present undergraduate fraternity
membership, and the University of
Michigan Interfraternity Alumni
Conference, representing the contin-
Turn To Page 3, Col. 5
Allies If England Gives Freedom;
Nazi Pincer Closes On Stalingrad,
Heavy Fighting Reported
On Caucasus Railway
As Germans Press On
Russians Inflict
'Terrible' Losses
By EDDIE GILMORE
Associated Press Correspondent
MOSCOW, Aug. 6 (Thursday)-A
new German push south and west
of Stalingrad by Nazi tank and in-
fantry columns seeking to complete a
pincer movement on the great steel
city has brought fighting on the
central front to Kotelnikovski, 95
miles from Stalingrad, the Soviet
High Command announced today.
"Stubborn battles" were fought
Wednesday on the Stalingrad-North;
Caucasus railway and the Germans
advanced slightly with heavy losses,
the midnight communique said.
The Russians reported continued
fighting in other sectors of the
Stalingrad front and in the North
Caucasus but without specific results.
South of Kushchevka, 50 miles
south of Rostov, the Germans suf-
fered particularly heavy losses, the
Russians said. One Soviet unit alone
accounted for six tanks and killed 600
Germans.
Attacks Repulsed
In the Kletskaya sector, on the
northern end of the German pincer
before Stalingrad, repeated German
attacks were repulsed and 1,200 Nazi
troops were killed ,the communique
said.
The Russians retreated again in
the Belaya Glina sector deep in the
Caucasus to escape envelopment by
German parachute troops and furious
assaults by.tank masses and swarms
of dive-bombers.
As Russia's peril increased, Maj.
Gen. Follett Bradley of the U. S. Air
Forces landed a bomber in Moscow
and declared:
"I am here to facilitate any pos-
sible way to make aid to Russia more
effective. We are sending all we can
and would like to send more. This
is the focal point of the war. There
is great readiness in America to con-
tribute everything possible here."
Lines Stiffened
.The lines in the Don Elbow 75
miles west of Stalingrad stiffened
and held after a withdrawal yester-
day, but a retreat in the 'simlyansk
sectol' 130 miles southwest of the
greatindustrial city on the Volga in-
creased the peril before that south-
ern finger of the German pincer. At
Tsimlyansk, the Germans have
crossed the Lower Don. '
Under cover of night, the fearless
Cossacks slipped through the Ger-
man lines at Kushchevka and
charged the Nazi infantry.
Rubber Conspiracy
Charged By Texan
WASHINGTON, Aug. 5. - (P)-
Sweeping charges that "certain in-
ternational cartels and patent pools"
had joined in a conspiracy to con-
trol production of synthetic rubber
were laid today before the Senate
Patents Committee by C. R. Starnes,
Texas independent oil operator.
He told the committee that his
opinion was based upon six months
experience in attempting to get a go-
ahead signal for production of rub-
ber; that he had been blocked and
"given the old run-around" by offi-
cials of major oil companies.
Pelle dCalled raitor' patriot'
As Federal Court Jury Retires
I
Ewing, Caughran, Dub 6
Jurors Warned To Be.
By The Associated Press
INDIANAPOLIS; Aug. 5-William
Dudley Pelley was pictured as both
"traitor" and "patriot" in opposing
arguments before a Federal Court
jury retired late today to, decide his
fate on charges of criminal sedition.
Oscar R. Ewing of New York, Spe-
cial Prosecutor, and B. Howard
Caughran, U. S. District Attorney for
southern Indiana, called the 52-year-
old founder of the Silver Shirts a
"traitor" and Defense Attorney Oscar
F. Smith said his client was a
"patriot."
Ewing labeled Pelley "a man who
serves poison against his govern-
ment-sugar-coated with the teach-
ings of Jesus of Nazareth."
Caughran, closing the govern-
ment's case, shook his finger at Pel-
ley and said :
"You are a traitor to your country.
You stabbed your country in the back
while it was engaged with a foreign
foe."
Quisling of America
"The record shows plainly," the
district attorney told the jury, "that
Pelley wanted to be the Quisling of
America. He was willing to see it the
victim of a foreign nation in order to
realize his dastardly ambitions..r
"The Silver Shirts bristle through
and through with militarism. . .It
was the purpose of Pelley to raise 4,
private army.. .As they say, it may
have been disbanded in 1939, but I
say it marches on today. I have seen
it in this courtroom."
Judge Robert C. Baltzell cautioned
the jurymen to disregard their own
political affiliations in arriving at
Silver Shirts 'Militarist
Impartial In Judgment
i c';
City To Test
System Soon.'
A gasoline "curfew" system which
would close Ann Arbor's 60 gas sta-
tions at 8 p.m. Tuesday for a three-
day trial period was virtually prom-
ised late last night by Rankin J.
Peck, secretary-director of the Mich-
igan Retail Gasoline Dealers Associ-
ation.
Peek said Detroit dealers who are
members of the association will open
their stations at 7 a.m. and closel
them at 8 p.m. Tuesday in a new
trial system which will cover five
counties in the state. This indicates
that all Ann Arbor dealers who are
also members of the association will
cooperate.
The move followed a meeting of
the Retail Gasoline Dealers Associa-
tion of Michigan Tuesday at which
200 members voted to have a five-
county "trial" curfew. It is in line
with the Office of Price Administra-
tion's move to introduce a system of
nationwide gas rationing.
"The principal object of the cur-
few," Peck explained, "is to release
skilled mechanics and semi-skilled
men for the war program. When the
public changes its gasoline-buying
habits as it has changed its habits
to conform to shorter grocery and
department store hours we can give
the same service with less than half
the manpower now being wasted."
* * *
Gas, Mileage Rationing
Subject of Debate
WASHINGTON, Aug. 5.--(P)-The
problem of keeping tires on the na-
tion's wheels resolved itself today in-!
to a choice between nation-wide
gasoline rationing, long supported by
the Office of Price Administration,
and a system of "mileage rationing"
and speedometer checkups, advo-
cated by the Office of Defense
Transportation.
A war production board spokes-
man. who declined to permit use of
their verdict. They received the case
at 4:45 p. in, (CWT). The trial began
July 28.-
Smith concluded his arguments fort
the defendants by telling the juryv
that "Pelley intended to help thec
American people and to uphold ther
Constitution of this glorious repub-y
Lic."
Called Storm Troopers
Ewing called Pelley's Silver Shirtsr
the "storm troopers who were ready.
to do his bidding when-in his own
words-'the time comes.'"
Opening for the defense, Smi h
said the government had introduced
"only excerpts" from Pelley's pub-
lished writings and asked:
"Why weren't the whole articles
read to you, the jury, so you could
decide for yourselves."
Attorney Floyd G. Christian, con-
cluding for the defense, said there
was a distinction between criticism
of the administration and criticism
of the government and asserted Pel-
ley's writings were solely of the ad
ministration.
Senate Aked
For Sales Tax
In War Perio
Business Official Termst
Temporary Measure(
'StrictlyDeflationary'
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, Aug. 5. - Urging
senators to vote a five per cent sales
tax for the duration and six months
afterwards, a spokesman for the Na-+
tional Retail Dry Goods Association
declared today that such a levy+
would be "distinctly deflationary"
and not inflationary as Treasury of-
ficials contend.,
"All economists agree on the defla-
tionary aspects of such a ta," lay+
Iglauer told the Senate Finance
Committee, which is considering the
tax bill recently approved by the
House.+
"You mean all economists except
those inthe Treasury, don't you?"
Senatior Vandenberg (Rep.-Mich.)
asked wryly. Later Vandenberg told
reporters he was "perfectly amazed"
by the Treasury's continued opposi-
tion to a sales levy.
"When the retailer himself has
agreed-is even urging-to accept
the load of collecting such a tax,
then the last man who had a right to
complain has disappeared," Vanden-
berg said.
Senator Taft (Rep.-O.) said he
thought Iglauer had made an excel-
lent case for the sales tax, but Sen-
ator Brown (Dem.-Mich.) told re-
porters he was not ready to support
a tax on all the necessities of life.
Brown added he was working on a
proposal to increase the excise rates
on certain luxury products.
RAF Strikes
At Ruhr Area
LONDON, Aug. 5.-(P)-The RAF's
new determination to raid Germany
regardless of weather conditions was
carried out with an attack on the
Ruhr, last night through thunder-
storms, solid overcast and even snow
at the higher altitudes, the Air Min-
istry announced today.
"It was like flying through a white
woolen blanket," said the gunner in
a Halifax. bomber.
There was no indication of the
size of the attacking force, but de-
spite the poor weather only one
bomber was lost. # .1
One fighter plane was lost on
sweeps against trains and other ob-
jectives in occupied territory, and
LONDON, "Thursday, Aug. 6.-
(I)-Sir l Stafford Cripps, whose
mission to settle the Indian prob-
lem failed last spring, declared in
a statement today that Britain in-
tended to "preserve law and order"
In India until the war ended.
After the war, he said, the In-
dian people will be gven~ an oppo'-
tunity to attain theself-govern-
ment which Indian nationalist
leaders are demanding be granted
them now and for which they are
preparing to launch a civil dis-
obedience campaign.
able India to become an ally of the
United Nations and fight aggres-
sors."
But, the resolution warned, the
Cogress Party was prepared to
launch a civil disobedience struggle if
necessary to gain independence.
The Working Committee also drew
up a resolution to be presented to
the full committee meeting here Fri.
day recommending that if Britain re-
jects a demand for Indian independ-
ence full powers to lead a civil dis-
obedience movement be given to
Gandhi.
The draft of the resolution, deal-
ing with India's role against aggres-
sor nations in the event of independ-
ence said the government "will
whole-heartedly and unreservedly
declare itself on the-side of the
United Nations, agreeing to meet the
Japanese or any other agressor with
armed resistance."
It was said the new'resolution was
drafted to comply with "reasonable
and constructive" criticisms made
after the British disclosed the orig-
inal draft of a resolution offered by
Gandhi.
Truman Hits
Naval Bureau
MHisconduct'
WASHINGTON. Aug. 5. -(IP)- A
charge that the Navy's Breau of
Ships was 'guilty of "negligence or
wilfull misconduct" in connection
with plans to build special tank-car-
rying vessels has been placed before
Secretary of the Navy Knox'by Sen-
ator Truman (Dem.-Mo.), chairman
of the Senate Defense Investigating
Committee.
A letter from. Truman to Knox,
which contained the charge, also as-
serted that the bureau had treated
Higgins Industries, Inc., of New Or-
leans in a "biased and prejudiced"
way in connection with the construe-
tion plans.
Truman explained, to reporters
that the Higgins firm ,,was granted
a contract for turning out tanker
lighters, to be used for tansporting
tanks from ship to shore.
However, Truman said, production
was held up , for seven or eight
months while the Navy checked on
other types of tank lighters for pos-
sible use instead of those produced
by Higgins.
Prof. Pollock Will Lead
Post-War Council Panel
A discussion of what a victorious
United Nations should do with Ger-
many and the Germans by Prof. J.
K. Pollock of the political science de-
partment will feature this week's
India Passes Resolution
To Join
Independence Showdown
Will Settle Controversy;
British Decision Near
Indian Committee
Makes Final Offer
By H. R. STIMSON
Associated Press Correspondent
BOMBAY, Indig, Aug. 5 - The
working committee of the All-India
Congress Party, nearing a showdown
with the British Empire on the issue
of independence, today adopted a
resolution serving notice that India
would become an ally of the Allied
Nations if granted freedom.
The Working Committee's 1,200-
word resolution demanded the "with-
drawal of British power so as to en-
City Council Studies Proposal
To Build, Operate Trailer Camp
A special city council committee is
studying a recommendation made by
Prof. A. D. Moore of the engineering
department Monday that Ann Arbor
should build and operate a tent and
trailer camp near the police depart-
ment's pistol range along W. Huron
Drive for purposes of housing the
increasing numbers of war workers
in this region.
Prdf. Moore submitted the recom-
mendation after a thorough personal
ing shelter but it is not impossible."
His main concern was for the
family, the report showed.
"Since new homes and apartments
cannot appear overnight," Prof.
Moore said, "it seems evident that
additional temporary quarters may
only be secured by resort to use of
tents and trailers.
"The least the city could do would
be to provide the site. The most it
might do would be to initiate, oper-
ate and supervise the whole thing."