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Editorial
Defene Economics:
An Analysis ..
1
Official Publication Of The Summer Session
VOL. L No. 9 Z-33 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, WEDNESDAY, JULY 3, 1940
PRICE FIVE CENTS
Henry Stimson
Gets Approval
Of U.S. Senate
Military Group
Naval Committee Quizzes
Col. Frank Knox; FDR
Bars Defense Exports
Maxwell Appointed
To'Head Program
WASHINTON, July 2.-(A')-The
Senate Military Committee approved
the nomination of Henry L. Stim-
son, Republican, as Secretary of War
today, after two hours of question-
ing which produced statements that
the nominee opposed sending troops
beyond American borders unless the
protection of this country should
make such action necessary.
At the same time, the Senate
Naval Committee fired question after
question at Col. Frank Knotx, Repub-
lican nominee for secretary of the
Navy; received a staunch denial that
hie ever 'had urged giving military
support to the Allies, and deferred
action on the nomination until to-
morrow.
Both Knox, the Republican Party's
1936 Vice-Presidential nominee, and
timson, Seretary of State in the
Hoover cabinet, told the comrittees
that no anti-third term. pledge by
resient Roosevelt 1was involved in
the negotiations leading to their ap-
pointments.,
Dsowned By GOP
The two were named to the cabinet
on June 18, in a move which pro-
duced breathless surprise both in
political Washington and in Phila-
delphia, where the Republican plat-
frm. drafters "were then meeting.
The Republican National Committee
promptly read the two out of the
party.
While partly readily praising the
abilities oL the two, ..and..generally
taking the position that their ap-
pointment strengthened the cabinet,
Republicans for the most part want-
ed to know more about what was in-
volved, and so today's hearings were
ordered.
The Stimson appointment was ap-
proved 14 to 3, and Administration
factions within the Naval Committee
are of the opinion that when the
Knox nomination comes to a vote
tomorrow not more than five votes
will be cast against confirmation.
Exports Limited
In addition to the committee hear-
ings, the day also produced action by
President Roosevelt to clamp rigid
restrictions upon the exportation of
a long list of industrial, manufactur-
ing and chemical products which are
considered of vital importance to the
national defense program. The items
included may be exported only with
special permission. The President
appointed Lieut.-Col. Russell L. Max-
well of the Army to administer the
program.
Other defense developments:
The Navy announced the negotia-
tion of contracts for Diesel engines
for 22 submarines, totalling $17,634,-
521.
President Roosevelt signed a bill
authorizing the Commissioner of
Patents to keep secret all patents
related to national defense.
The army announced that .tem
porary housing units would be con-
structed to shelter the thousands of
additional troops to be recruited.
It was learned that 16 labor lead-
ers, representing the AFL, the CIO,
and the Railway Brotherhoods had
been called to act as an advisory
committee on labor policy under the
national defense program.
Uion Pledges
Aid To ASU
Petitions To Be Circulated;
Rev. Knox To Talk
Promise of support by the Michi-
gan State, County, and Municipal
Workers of America, CIO, was given
the American Student Union in its
campaign to secure the reinstatement
of expelled students at its meeting
yesterday afternoon at the Union.
Lawrence Blythe, union official,
SydnorDiscusses South;
Dr. Malone Opens Series
Duke Professor Indicates
Several Contributions
Of Southern History
By HARRY M. KELSEY
The rise of a school of social and
cultural history that is unrelated
to political; boundaries, the back-
ground of present southern regional-
ism and a nationalistic movement
that was silenced by a single war are
three important contributions of
southern history to general knowl-
edge, Prof. Charles S. Sydnor of
Duke University concluded last night
in his lecture on "The Old South as
a Laboratory for Cultural Analysis,"
presented in conjunction with the
Graduate Study Program in Ameri-
can Culture and Institutions.
Professor Sydnor indicated the de-
velopment of a literature of Southern
history as an example of the first
contention, saying that many of the
problems that have been met by
those who study the South must be
faced by cultural historians gener-
ally. It is at least possible, he pro-
posed, that some of the solutions and
techniques that have been evolved in
this field may prove useful in the
study of other cultures. He pointed
out as examples, attempts made to
describe, analyze and discover what
is essential in the civilization of the
Old South and the attempts that
have been made to explain why such
a civilization came into existence.
The culture of the Old South, Profes-
sor Sydnor noted, was young, and its
entire history is well documented and
therefore susceptible to close study.
Of more than academic importance,
Professor Sydnor asserted, is the
background of present southern re-
gionalism, of which the history of
the Old South tells the story. Our
continued well-being as a nation, he
(Continued on Page 4),
Harvard Lecturer Speaks
On History Of American
Cultural Achievements
By KARL KESSLER
The geography of American
achievement: a study in the regional
location of birthplaces of famous
Americans and an evaluation of the
shifting centers of culture was dis-
cussed yesterday by Dr. Dumas Ma-
lone, director of the Harvard Uni-
versity Press, at the second general
lecture of the Graduate Study Course
in American Culture and Institutions.
Working chiefly with statistics
compiled from the Dictionary of
American Bibliographies, of which he
was editor, Dr. Malone attempted to
answer the question: "Where have
the great Americans come from?"
by means of a regional classification
of famous iten listed in the Diction-
ary.
Contrary to the common notion,
most notably, expressed by Henry
Cabot Lodge in 1890, that American
culture is almost exclusively cen-
tered in the New England states, Dr.
Malone pointed out, regional statis-
tics present a nearly uniform picture
of culturally productive environ-
ments. Though New England still
retains the top rank, the margin of
difference is but slight.
In an' evaluation of the various
sections of the country in terms of,
their contributions in men of excel-
lence, Prof. Stephen S. Visher of In-
diana University derived the follow-
ing order: New England first, fol-
lowed by the middle Atlantic, the
east north central, Pacific Coast,
west north central, mountain and
south Atlantic states, with the south
central states last.
Another generalization derived
from these regional statistics is the
(Continued on Page 3)
'Star Wagon'
To Open Run
Here Tonight
New York's Great Hit
Will Play Four Days
At Lydia__Mendelssohn
Sbowing to Start
At 8:30_.m. Sharp
Maxwell Anderson's 1937-38 Broad-
way success, "The Star Wagon," will
open its four-day run at 8:30 p.m.
today under the direction of Prof.
Valentine B. Windt of the speech
department.
The drama, which is the second
in the Michigan Repertory Players'
Summer Session season, deals with
the contrast between the leisurely
pace of small-town life in the 1900's
and the mad recklessness of the
world today.
Cohen, Wyckoff Assist
Assisting Professor Windt in the
production are Evelyn Cohen, cos-
tumier, and Alexander Wyckoff, art
director.
Among those starring in the drama
are Norman Oxhandler as ,Stephen
Minch, a young inventor; Truman
Smith as Hanus Wicks; Mary Pray
as Martha Minch, Stephen's wife;
and Richard Hadley as Charles Duf-
fy, 'Minch's chief rival.
George Shapiro will play Park;
Neil Smith will portray Ripple; Mar-
garet Schiller will act as Angela;
Roy Rector will handle the role of
Apfel.
Claribel Baird Cast
Others in the play include Peter
Antonelli and- Vincent Jukes as the
first and second thugs; Ray Peder-J
sen as Misty; Evelyn Smith as Hallie
Arlington; Jackson Lord as Mr. Ar-
lington; Claribel Baird as Mrs. Rut-
ledge; Angus Moore as Paul Reiger;
Adeline Gittlen as Christabel; Doro-
thy Hadley as Della; and Donald
Gage as Oglethorpe,
Commenting onthe ".Star -Wagon"
yesterday Professor Windt remarked
that the play should be "particularly
interesting to Ann Arbor theatre
goers as it represents onekof the,
best of Anderson's lyric works and
very cleverly works in comparison
between life now and thirty years
ago.",
I Lockett Addresses
Anti-Semitic Riots Sweep
Rumania As King Carol
Appeals
To Axis or Aid
1
Soviet -Created Balkan Crisis
Deemed Block To Axis Powers
By KIRKE L. SIMPSON
(Associated Press Staff Writer)
Soviet Russia has created an in-
tensifying crisis in the Balkans that
could profoundly influence the course
of the war between England and
German-Italian Axis Allies. It may
already have tended to delay the
Nazi "knockout" blow at Britain.
Whether for that reason or not,
another week-end-Germany's fa-
vored time for launching a "blitz-
krieg"-has gone by unmarked with
any war incident of importance.
A virtual stale-mate exists both
in the West and in the Mediter-
ranean theater where official war
bulletins reflect no major action by
Italy.
Unquestionably, Russia's "blitz-
krieg" in Rumania, fashioned on the
Nazi model, has precipitated a situa-
tion in the Balkans that could flame
into "a little world war" at any mo-
ment. Nor can it be doubted that
it has already diverted the attention
of Britain's .Axis foes, for the mo-
ment at least, and diminished their
hopes of bringing the war in the
West to a quick conclusion.
The best proof of that is to be,
JOSEPH STALIN
found in the strict official silence in
Berlin and Rome over the Balkan
muddle, despite the fact that Rus-
sia's move, if not inspired by Lon-'
don-Moscow back-stage di'ckering,
was welcomed by Britain,
Culture Study,
Group To Hear
Malone, Dale
Program Continues Friday
With Cultural Trends
Lecture By Dr. Dodge
Dr. Dumas Malone, Director of the
Harvard University Press, will speak
at 4:15 p.m. today in connection with
the Graduate Study Program in
American Culture and Institutions on
"Tides jn Sectional Achievement"
and Prof. Edward E. Dale of the
University of Oklahoma will talk at
8:15 p.m. today on "The Conflict and
Fusion of Cultural Groups in the
Interior Plains."
Both lectures will be held in the
Rackham School Auditorium and will
be open to the public.
Dr. Malone, editor of the monu-
mental "Dictionary of American Bi-
ography," spoke yesterday on' "The
Geography of American Achieve-
ment." He is the author of a num-
ber of volumes aAtd has taught at
Yale, Harvard and the University of
Virginia.
Professor Dale, who has spent all
but a few of his years in the Indian
Territory and is a noted authority
on the history and culture of that
section of the country, was educat-
ed at Central State Teachers Col-
lege at Edmond, Okla., the Univers-
ity of Oklahoma, where he took his
A.B. degree, and Harvard Universi-
ty, where he received his A.M. and
Ph.D. degrees.,
A cowboy and ranchman until 1901,
Professor Dale then began teaching
in country schools, and from 1906 to
1913 he was superintendent of schools
in various Oklahoma communities.
In 1914 he became instructor in his-
tory at the University of Oklahoma
and in 1924 was elevated to the rank
of professor and placed at toe head
of the . history department there,
which position he now holds.
In 1925, Professor Dale served as
collaborator in historical research for
the U.S. Department of Agriculture,
and from 1926 to 1927 he was a mem-
ber of the Indian Survey Commission
(Continued on Page 4)
Dr. Dilley Will Address
Education Group Today
Dr. M. Evelyn Dilley of the School
Imm irtion
Officials Given
Special Powers
In Cases Of Emergency
Zubrick Is Authorized
To Waive Restrictions
DETROIT, July 2.-(P)-Michi-
gan's border problems from the wes-
tern tip of the Upper Peninsula to
the southeastern corner of the Low-
er Peninsula piled up today for im-
migration officials but the tension
was relaxed with the issuance of em-
ency powers.
John L. Zurbrick, director of immi-
gration and naturalization for an
area that includes Michigan's and
part of Ohio's coastline that faces
Canada, was authorized to waive re-
strictions of new border regulations
in cases of emergency.
The authorization enables Zur-
brick to use his discretion to allow
Canadians to enter the United States
without passports and to assure Cana-
dians residing here that they may
return after emergency visits to Can-
ada.
Linguistics
Today At
Meet
Union
Because of the holiday Thursday
the regular luncheon conference of
the Linguistic Institute has been ad-
vanced to today, the director, Prof.
Charles C. Fries ,announced today.
It will be held at 12:10 p.m. at the
Michigan Union.
The discussion at today's luncheon
will be led byr Dr. Charles Hockett,
who will speak on the topic "A Lin-
guistic Approach to Style."
Luncheon arrangements are so
made, according to Professor Fries,
that persons unable to be present,
for the luncheon can attend the
subsequent discussion,
Ford's Factory
In River Rouge
Is Next Trip
Excursion Group To Leave
From Angell Hall Steps
At 12:45 P.M. Today
A trip to the Ford Plant in River
Rouge will comprise the third Uni-
versity excursion of the Summer Ses-
sion to be held from 12:45 to 5:30
p.m. today. The party will leave from
the Angell Hall steps.
Among the Points of interest to be
visited are the motor assembly plant,
the final assembly line, the open
hearth furnaces, and the rolling mill
all of which are characteristic of the
various machines at the factory.
Another excursion will be conduct-
ed to the Cranbrook Foundation at
Bloomfield Hills from 8:30 a.m. to
3:30 p.m. Saturday. Reservations
must be made before 5 p.m. Friday in
Room 1213 Angell Hall. Round trip
bus tickets are $1.25.
There the University party will
visit the Cranbrook School for Boys,
the Kingswood School for Girls, and'
the Brookside School for boys and
girls up to the seventh grade.
For those students who miss to-a
day's tour another excursion to the
Ford Plant will be conducted next
Wednesday. Reservations musty be
made before 5 p.m. Tuesday in Room
1213 Angell Hall.
The sixth excursion will be held
July 12, 13, 14, and 15 when a party
led by Prof. Irving D. Scott of the
geology department will visit Niagara
Falls and vicinity. Professor Scott
will offer explanations of the geolog-
ic features to be observed.
Romains' Hero
To Be Discussed
ByMile. Rosselet
Mlle. Jeanne Rosselet, social di-
rector of the Foyer Francais, will
address the Cercle Francais at its
second meeting of the summer sea-
son at 8 p.m. today on "A Hero of
Jules Romains."
Mlle. Rosselet, who is professor of
French at Goucher College, Balti-
more, has made a special study of
Jules Romains' famous novel "Les
Hommes de Bonne Volonte." In her
Lewis Names
Burton Wheeler
To Beat Willkie
Democrats Must Present
Progressive Platform,
Montana Senator States
ST. LOUIS, July 2.-(P)-Senator
Burton K. Wheeler (Dem-Mont)
made a dramatic appearance before
the Townsend National Convention
late today, shortly after John L.
Lewis had told the delegates Wheeler
was the only Democrat who could
defeat the Republican Presidential
nominee, Wendell Willkie.
With the bushy-browed CIO leader
sitting on the speaker's platform-he
had waited 40 minutes for Wheeler's
arrival-the Senator made a vigor-
ous plea for a "strong, liberal" peace
movement, outside the two major
parties if necessary. He declared he
would not support any candidate
who was not pledged to keep this
country out of war.
"The Republicans have not only
failed to go down the line against
war but they have nominated a can-
didate who has said our first line
of defense is in Europe," Wheeler
said.
"I tdo not subscribe to that. Our
first line of defense is preserving de-
mocracy, seeing that the aged are
protected, seeing that the 10,000,000
unemployed get work, and seeing
that civil librties are preserved."
Unless the Democratic Party
adopts a "progressive" platform and
nominates a Presidential candidate
pledged to peace, the Senator said
there would be "no difference" be-
tween it and the Republican Party.
"Then," he continued, "there will
be a tremendous demand for a strong,
liberal peace party which will give
the people a chance to vote on war
or peace."
Wheeler, in an interview this
morning had announced his name
would be presented to the Demo-
cratic National Convention, regard-
less of whether President Roosevelt
sought a third term. He did not
mention his. candidacy directly in
his brief speech.
Miss Wendt Talks
At German House
Miss Ruth Wendt, social director
of Deutscher Verein, gave an infor-
Full War Strength Rushed
From Seized Provinces
To Menaced Borders
Capital Blacked Out
As CrisisHeightens
BULLETIN
BELGRADE, Yugoslavia, July
3 (Wednesday)-(P)-King Car-
ol of Rumania was reported in
diplomatic circles here tonight
to have told members of his
cabinet he was planning to ab-
dicate because of the develop-
ments of the last few days, but
they were said to have persuaded
him to remain on the throne.
BUCHAREST, July 3 (Wednes-
day). -(AP)- Anti-Semitic ' rioting,
with Jews shot down and beaten,
swept into a bloody wave overnight
throughout Old Rumania-harassed
from within, short of two provinces,
and the threat of Balkan war jeo-
pardizing two more.
Street fighting broke out less than
24 hours after King Carol turned
about from British alliancesand ap
pealed to the Axis powers fer help
to save his kingdom.
The capital was blacked out for
the first time, Ambulances sped to
scenes of rioting. And from Soviet-
seized Bessarabia and Bucovina the
General Staff rushed Ruman a's full
war strength to the frontiers of
menaced Transylvania and Dobruja,
facing Hungary 'and Bulgaria.
Disorders At Galati
Some new disorders were reported
at Galati despite the vigilance of
heavy military patrols on duty since-
riots last Sunday.
Near the Prut River Jewish refu-
gee women and children were said to
have been dragged from trains and
beaten. There were reports that some
were hurled beneath the wheels of
moving trains or shot in their train
seats in the dariness as the trains
sped through tuninels.
In Bucharest, ambulances were
called to several riots. The worst
fighting was at Polytechnic High
School where several were injured
critically.
.The internal disturbances came at
a tense hour when Rumania's ar-
mies were massed on her borders,
where scattered fighting already has
been reported and a major conflict
is feared over the claims of her
neighbors to Rumanian territory.
Hungarian Demand
Hungary demands the vast, rich
lands ofTransylvania, and Bulgaria
wants, Southern Dobrua.
(Dispatches from ofia said two
Rumanian warplanes flew over the
Bulgarian Danube port of Ruse and
were fired on by ground batteries.)
Communists in Russian-occupied
Bessarabia held protest meetings be-
cause Soviet authorities appointed
three members of King Carol's new-
ly-formed Rumanian Party of the
nation to retain their posts in the
new Soviet terrtory. The men were
named Governor of Bessarabia, Pre-
fect of Chisinau and Mayor of Chis-
inau.
Carol set up the party, with him-
self as its head, June 21, and com-
manded the whole nation to fall in
step with the new totalitarian politi-
cal system based on the Nazi pat-
tern.
Fern To Speak
On Adjustment
Texas Professor To Talk
At 4:05 P.M. Today
"The School's Responsibility for
.Occupational Adjustment," the fifth
in the series of lectures sponsored
by the education school will be given
at 4:05 p.m. today by Dr. George
H. Fern in the University High
School Auditorium.
As assistant state superintendent
of public instruction and state di-
,,rp ,. r f vn.Afirn 1 rlir ~~in r.
,r
St. Johns Classical Program
Called Travesty By Beaumont
By ROSEBUD SCOTT
Curriculum of the 100 best books
or the Hutchins plan in operation
at St. Johns College was called a
travesty on classical culture based
on highly debatable, fallacious and
fantastic premises by Dr. Henry
Beaumont, professor of psychology,
at the University of Kentucky in
his lecture, "Shall Education Re-
turn to St. Thomas," yesterday.
Out of confused educational ob-
jectives, Dr. Beaumont pointed out
the Hutchins plan has evolved as an
escapist method of avoiding the
problems that confront modern ed-
ucation and a substitution of me-
dieval mysticism and scholasticism.
The reactionary trends of the plan
were condemned by Dr. Beaumont
because it rests on invalid assump-
tions.
The arbitrary division of students
into those who are book-minded and
those who are hand-minded was
condemned as over-simplification of
individual differencem since, Dr.
Beaumont described as dating back
to St. Thomas Aquinas, without the
practical application and utility of
abstract evaluation was the lecturer's
reason for outlawing the system rec-
ommended for curriculum adjust-
ment in public secondary schools.
The theory that learning may be
transferred from one field of study
to another no matter how dissimilar
they might be was also denounced
by the psychologist as untrue. The
glorification of one branch of learn-
ing, famous books in the Hutchins
experiment, Dr. Beaumont cited, was
opposed to scientific knowledge of
the learning process.
Education for a few chosen on
elusive, undefinable criteria does not
fulfill the purpose of education in
a democracy although such a type
of education has a right to exist for
sons of the rich who "can speculate
philosophically and financially" on
the thoughts of great men of the
past, Dr. Beaumont emphasized. This
system of education does not fit any-