GE FOUR
THE MICHIGAN DAILY
FRIDAY, JULY 9, 1937
Shorten Terms
Of 11 Convicted
In Fraud Case
Sentence Of O'Hara And
Wilkowski Not Changed
By Gov._Murphy
LANSING, July 8.-(IP)--Governor
Murphy commuted the sentences to-
day of 11 of 19 persons convicted of
fraud in connection with the elec-
tion recount of 1935, and ordered
them released from prison.
State Senator A. J. Wilkowski, El-
mer B. O'Hara, former Chairman of
the Democratic State Central Com-
mittee, and others who had been sen-
tenced to serve more than 12 year
minimum terms were not among
those to whom the commutations and
paroles were granted.1
Clemency Extended
Those to whom clemency was ex-
tended are Lester Currier, James
Garrett, Joseph, Greishaber, Charles
Lark, William J. Wilson, and An-
thony J. Gallagher, serving terms of
1 to 5 years in the Detroit House of
Correction, and Vincent Murphy, T.
Emmett McKenzie, Joseph W. Neil,
Chester Pons, and Alfred J. Skiffing-
ton, serving 1%/2 to 5 years in the
State Prison of Southern Michigan.
Without gubernatorial interven-
tion, which reduced their terms to
eight months, those serving min-
nimum one year-terms would not
have been eligible for release before
September.
Still in prison are Wilkowski,
O'Hara, Franklyn K. Morgan, Her-
bert L. Sullivan, Bruno Nowicki,
James Walker and John Degutis. All
ave Degutis are serving 3 to 5 years
in the Southern Michigan Prison. De-
gutis, whose term is 1 to 5 years, was
refused clemency because of a pre-
ious criminal record, the Governor
Said.
Murphy indicated there was little
>rospect of immediate clemency for
Wilkowski and O'Hara. "Ie oubtit,"
hie said, when asked whether there
vas prospect that they could receive
their freedom soon. He declined to i
elaborate for publication.
Says Smal Fry Free
"The men released were the small
fly in the recount fraud case," the
Governor asserted. "I believe the ends
of justice have been met. After care-
ful study I am satisfied their release,
is in the public interests. All the pe-
titions I have received have been in
behalf of Wilkowskinand O'Hara."
Twenty-one persons were indicted
and convicted following an investiga-
tion of the conduct of a recount of
votes cast in the 1934 general elec-
tion. Two were placed on proba-
tion, and one was released earlier
this year after having completed his
sentence, shorter than the others.
The famous Detroit recount
brought about a legislative inquiry
as well as one by a grand jury. An
attempt was made by a minority of
the Legislature in a joint session to
declare Guy M. Wilson, of Flint, elect-
ed as secretary of state as a result of
Gires supplied by the recount. Later
the court held that there was fraud
in the recount and the indictments
were returned on fixed counts in-
cluding altering ballots, conspiracy to
conduct a recount in an unlawful
manner and conspiracy to permit re-
count employes to mark ballots.
In a report to the Governor Hil-1
mer Gellein, pardon and parole com-i
missioner said:
Does Not Condohe Acts
"There is no doubt in my mind that
the 11 'recounters' took part in the
recount with the expectation of re-
ceiving political appointments as a
regard for their services, it was up-
permost in their minds to place in
office those whom their superiors de-
sired to have elected and thus en-
able their superiors to have a greater
number of political jobs at their dis-
posal. I do not condone their con-
duct or acts nor can I take the view-
point that they should not be pun-
ished because others may have com-
mitteed like offenses and were not
apprehended. None of these men
have previous records of conviction.
All of them appear to be rather dif-
ferent from the type ordinarily re-
ceived in penal institutions.
"Modern penologists agree that
those who have been guilty of the
less serious types of crimes and who,
upon examination, do not reveal high-
ly defective, abnormal or dangerous
personalities should not be incar-
cerated but should be released on
probation."
League College
Hears Fraser
Talk In Union
(Continued from Page 1)
matter much where there are teach-
ers left whose personalities are not
starved," he said. "Measurably, as
there are competent, forceful, virile
teachers, there is assertion of free-
dom."
"Authorities rarely grant freedom,"
Professor Maurer stated, "for free-
dom, in a sense, is group conscious-
nss awakened to effective demands."
Italy And Germany Leave War Zone
Blume Lands
Denby's Work
In China Court'
Michigan Graduate Drew
Plans For Establishing
U.S. Judiciary In Orient l
(Continued from Page 1)
tion's case, with no interpretation
allowed, ordered Terranova execut-
ed by strangulation.
Still the sailor was not surrendered'
until the Chinese stopped trade, atl
which his surrender and execution
followed swiftly along with the re-
sumption of trade, according to Pro-
fessor Blume.
Thereafter, he continued, Ameri-
cans agreed to abide by Chinese law
and justice until 1843, when Con-
gress, under pressure from traders,
appropriated $40,000 for the Presi-
dent "to enable him to establish the
future commercial relations between
the United States and the Chinese
empire on terms of national equal
reciprocity."
Daniel Webster, at that time Secre-
tary of State, sent Caleb Cushing to
China as minister plenipotentiary to
negotiate a treaty, which was suc-
cessfully concluded in 1844 with the
provisions giving the consul "or oth-
er public functionary of the United
States" jurisdiction over United
States citizens in China.
The difficulty, Blume pointed out,
lay in the fact that "the American
consuls in China were not trained
lawyers." Not until 1906 was this
remedied, when Denby's bill, setting
up the new court, providing that
"the judge of the United States Court
for China and the district attorney
shall be lawyers of good standing
and experience," and taking all but
minor jurisdiction from the consuls.
Professor Blume commented fa-
vorably on the omission of a guaran-
tee of jury trial in the establishment
of the United States Court for China,
pointing out a case where a British
jury acquitted British officers of
what, to Professor Blume, appeared
to be a clear case of torturing a na-
tive to secure a confession.
HIIitler, I Duce Await Franco Victory
Biology Station
H a s Facilities
For Scientists
(Contnued from Paa. 1)
tee provides for lunches to be taken
by any going on the trip. Launches
and trucks are available for the class
trips.
Climatic conditions and the out-
door life are highly invigorating and
conducive to good health. However,
a physician is in charge of the Health
Service to take care of any sickness
should it arise.
The fee for students is $50. This
provides for tuition, living quarters,
Health Service and The Summer
Michigan Daily. Thus the total cost
for the session, exclusive of traveling
expenses and clothing need not ex-
ceed $150. A limited number of stu-
dents may earn a portion of their ex-
penses by performing certain duties
for the station or commissary.
In short the Biological Station is
an ideal place to spend a Summer
Session. It is not only possible to get
credit for courses and get some real,
practical knowledge, but also to be
in the cool, pleasant climate around
Cheboygan.
Classes Are Still Open
In Intermediate Dancing
Registration for the intermediate
dancing class which is held at 7:30
p.m. every Tuesday evening in the
Ballroom of the Michigan League,
may still be made according to Miss
I Ethel A. McCormick, director.
The beginners' classes, given at
7:30 p.m. each Monday and Wednes-
day evening have already been filled.
Registration for the intermediate
class may be made at the Michigan
.League.
-- Associated Press Photo
A closer understanding between Insurgent General Franco and Ger-
many and Italy was shown by the withdrawal of Italian and German
battleships from the neutral patrol of Spanish waters. An Italian gun
crew is pictured practicing in the Mediterranean.
Three-Fourths Of Blood Donors
On Hospital List Are Students
Hitler's and I1 Duce's support of General Franco was indicated by
Hitler's announcement that he would welcome Franco's victory and
by the Italian press report that Franco must win. Hitler and Il Duce
are shown looking over Italy's naval strength.
[se About 35 Transfusions
Each Week; Individuals
Classed In 4_Types
By BILL DAVIDSON
Perhaps it is not generaly known
that there are hundreds of profes-
sional blood donors on the University
campus. When one thinks of a pro-
fessional blood donor, he visions a
250-pound individual of bone and
muscle who practically lives in a hos-
pital, giving his blood right and left.
However, this is not the case.' Of
the thousand or so listed by the Uni-
versity of Michigan Hospital, over
three-fourths are students. Of these,
there are, of course, only a. relatively
small number who are subject to im-
mediate call, but as the Hospital needs
upwards of 35 or 40 transfusions a
week for its patients, the list of active
donors changes quite rapidly.
Donors Carefully Examined
Great precaution is taken for the
safety and good treatment of the;
donors. They must first be exam.'
ined by the Health Service, and t i
"typed" at the Hospital. There are
Modern Dance
Class Offered
During Session
The Modern Dance Class organized
by the department of Physical Educa-
tion for women and offered by the
Extension Division will meet for the
second time at 7:30 p.m. July 12
in Sarah Caswell Angell Hall in Bar-
bour Gymnasium.
The class was organized for per-
sons who are not enrolled in summer
school but who wish to take work in
modern dance. Miss Katherine Man-
ning will direct the class. Miss Man-
ning is an assistant to Doris Humph-
rey, and is a .member of the Hum-
phrey-Weidman Concert Group.
Enrollment in the class may be
made at the Extension Office in Room
107 Haven Hall. The registration fee
is five dollars. Persons interested in
taking this work are asked to reg-
ister before the meeting of the class
next Monday. The class will meet on
Monday and Wednesday for six weeks.
Faculty Is Honored
By Betsy Barbour
Students of the Summer Session
living at Betsy Barbour Dormitory
gave a dinner last night honoring
members of the University faculty.
As the guests arrived, they were re-
ceived in the living-room by Miss
Ann Varden, social director, Miss
Mabel Howard, and Miss Irene Free-
man, president. The tables in the
dining-room were attractively dec-
orated with vases of pink and white
rambler roses and blue larkspur.
four general "types" of blood, depend-
ing upon its cell arrangement and
composition. The donor and patient
must usually be of the same type, but
one kind, "No. 4," is "universal"-
that is, it successfully mixes with any
type. This kind is, of course, much
more in demand, especially for emer-
gencies.
Concerning the actual transfusion
of the blood, the University Hospital
no longer employs the old method of
direct transfer, with the donor and
recipient lying side by side. Now, the
blood is taken from the fore-arm of
the donor in an operating room, with
two internes and a nurse in charge
who take all possible sanitarynpre-
cautions. The blood, already having
been carefully tested for satisfactory
mixing qualities for the particular in-
dividuals concerned, is then imme-
diately administered to the patient in
another operating room.
Blood Is Tested
The actual amount used, of course,
varies a great deal, being sometimes
as much as 800 c.c.'s; but the aver-
age is about 500 or 550 c.c.'s, which is
about one-fourth of all the blood in
the body. (There are 473 c.c. 's in one
pint.)
Thiseis a safe amount for the donor
to lose, and it is soon replaced by
the blood-making mechanisms of the
body. However, a donor is not used
more than once a month, and rarely
that often.
Oh, yes! A donor receives an aver-
age of between $20 and $25 for each
transfusion.
Education Club
Holds Session
To Elect Heads
The Women's Education Club held
its first meeting Wednesday night in
the Garden of the League. More than
100 people attended the meeting
which was sponsored by Miss Ger-
trude Muxen and Dr. Mabel E. Rugen.
The officers elected for the Summer
Session are as follows: Nina A. Weeks
of Grand Rapids, chairman; Mary
Miller of Buffalo, vice-chairman;
Mary Elizabeth Shannon of Emetwin,
W. Va., program chairman; Karin
Ostman of Madison, publicity chair-
man; and Helen Taylor from the Uni-
versity of Illinois, treasurer.
The next meeting of the club will
be held at 7:30 p.m., July 12 at the
League. All members of the Edu-
cation School are invited to be pres-
ent.
CORRECTION
In the story printed in yesterday's
Daily on the speech delivered by Utah
Tsao in a symposium under the aus-
pices of the Institute for Eastern
Studies on the topic, "The Recent In-
dustrial Developments in China," the
statement that Shanghai had the
largest radio station in the world
should have been that Shanghai has
the largest number of radio stations.
Mlso it is the air service and radio
service developments which have been
greatly helped by the tJnited States
rather than the radio.
Cochrane Is Homne;
Recovering Rapidly
DETROIT, July 8.--(P)-Mickey
Cochrane, in hospitals for six weeks
because a pitched ball struck his
head, is home again and recovering
rapidly.
The Detroit Tigers' manager, who
no longer sufferswfromedizzy spells,
took his meals with members of his
family today.
He left the Henry Ford Hospital
here Tuesdayto continue his conval-
escence at home, it was learned.
Cochrane, who was placed on the
voluntary retired list two weeks ago,
has made no plans to rejoin the Tig-
ers this season.
BICYCLE MISSING
A new English Raleigh bicycle was
stolen Wednesday from Esther
Sweedler Dean, she reported to po-
lice yesterday. It was taken from
Barton's Pond about 3 p.m., she said.
Black, with two hand brakes and
gear shift, was her description of
the missing vehicle.
'1
$1 White Hat Special $1
Friday and Saturday
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