DRINKING REGULATIONS
NEED RE-EVALUATION
See page 4
Sixty-Seven Years of Editorial Freedom
4:Ia4l
U
U
CLOUDY, WARMER
VOL. LXVIII, No. 64 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, THURSDAY, DECEMBER 5, 1957 FIVE CENTS
SIX PAGES
Scjentists DesIgn
Midget H-Bombs
Planners Seek 'Clean' Weapons
For Use in Battlefield Warfare
WASHINGTON (RP)-Nuclear weapon designers are working at
developments of midget H-bombs, relatively "clean" of radioactivity,
for use in battlefield warfare. The primary objective is not so much
to use the powerful kick of hydrogen explosives-ample power for
tactical use can be packaged in an ordinary atomic explosion-but to
! reduce the fallout of radioactivity.
The problem has been to provide a trigger for the fusion process
of therhionuclear explosion without using fission explosion to produce
the multimillion-degree heat needed. Fission produces huge amounts
of radioactive material; 'fusion
AFL-CIO.
. . X e
K My Epe
Two Unions
ATLANTIC OITY, N. J. ()-Th
AFL-CIO top command yesterda
marked two more unions - th
United Textile Workers and Dis
tillery Workers-for possible ex
pulsion on corruption charges.
These. two unions were added t
the Teamsters, Bakers and Laun
dry Workers unions as targets fo
44 expulsion action by the nearl
2,500 delegates to the federation'
convention .opening Thursday.
AFL-CIO President Georg
Meany told reporters after a meet
ting of the federation's powerfu
Executive Council that the UTV
and' Distillery Workers, afte
promising reforms, had not acte
in good faith to carry them out.
Meany said AFL-CIO auditor
t have uncovered evidence of "in
credible stealing" of UTW fund
as recently as last Saturday.
He charged that UTW official
who resigned after being accuse
of misuse of union funds by th
Senate Rackets Investigatin
Connittee, still were being car
Sried on the UTW payroll despit
their quitting office.
At the same time Meany sai
the giant Teamsters Union, claim
ing 1% million of the APL-CIO'
15 million members, could escap
expulsion action at the convention
only if James R. Hoffa quits a
Teamsters president - elect an
the union accepts AFL-CIO super
vision for a cleanup.
May Postpone
June Tax Cut,
Knowland Say,
WASHINGTON (om) - Sen. Wil
hiam F. Knowland (R-Calif.) re
ported last night it probably wi
be necessary to postpone a three
billion dollar-year reduction h
corporation and excise taxe
scheduled for next June 30.
"In view of the circumstances
and defense needs, I don't see an
likelihood of giving up the reve
nue from those taxes," the Sen
ate's GOP leader declared.
He expressed - his views at
news conference called after Re
publican congressional leader
conferred for eight hours wit
President Dwight D. Eisenhowe
and members of the Cabinet o
the 1958 legislative program.
Sen. Knowland said he is ver
hopeful that a tax increase can b
avoided, but that any reduction
next year are "highly unlikely.
In response to a question, th,
senator said he came away fror
the meeting with a strong impres
sion that the budget for the fisca
year starting July 1 can be bal
anced.
Union Extends
Merger Time
ATLANTIC CITY, N.J. UP)-Th
APL-CIO executive council vote
yesterday an indefinite extensio
of today's deadline for merger o
state and local AFL and CI(
much less. How such a trigger is
--designed to work is an official
secret. But there has been specula-
tion about possible methods.
Combined Explosions Needed
Produce the heat needed to set
off fusion reaction there could be
a combination of chemical explo-
sions and compression..
Using the "shaped charge" prin-
ciple in which the force of explo-
sion can be directed, such chemical
e charges might be aimed inward in
Y an H-bomb to produce the reverse
of an explosion, an implosion.
e This terrific compression, boost-
- ed by the heat of the chemical ex-
- plosior might be enough to trigger
the fusion charge of the bomb.
o Fusion Diluted
- Fusion explosion is not com-
r pletely clean of all radioactivity.
y Hydrogen, carbon and tridium ele-
s ments are radioactive, but so
diluted by the action of air and
e moisture before they can get into
- a humati body that they are harm-
less.
W eThis "clean" b4omb.effect applies
r when the explosion occurs high
d enough so dust and debris are not
drawn up by the bomb cloud. When
s this does happen, fusion as well as
- fission explosions result in radio-
s active fallout.
s, #
d
.g
t In Collision
d
- LONDON (M'-Two trains load,
s edl with home-bound commuters
e and early Christmas shoppers and
n an overpass bridge were wrecked
s by a freakish crash in thick Lon-
d don fog at the rush hour peak last
night.
At least 50 persons were report-
ed killed.
A third train about to cross the
bridge was derailed and stopped
just short of toppling into the
wreckage.
A railway official said 105 per-
sons were . removed with serious
injuries from the tangled wreck-
sage by late last night.J
Firemen, doctors, nurses, police
and hundreds of civilian workers
ripped desperately at the wreckage
with one fear uppermost in their
ll minds: more steel from the bridge
might fall on them.
n The main part of the viaduct
s was supported at only one end by
girders on a steel pillar. It was
s, carrying the weight of the de-
y railed third train.
Dead and injured were pulled
from the wrecked can and laid
out in rows alongside the track
before medical teams removed
. them to hospitals and mortuaries.
- Doctors were thrust through
s gaping holes in compartments to
h drug injured persons moaning
r piteously in a tangle of arms and
n legs.
FOREIGN AID:
Stevenson
To Seek
Support
WASHINGTON (P) - Adlai E.
Stevenson is reported ready to tes-
tify before Congress and make
public appeals for a "cash" Pro-
gram of open-handed foreign aid
and Allied cooperation against the
Soviet threat.
Informed sources disclosed this
yesterday in the wake of the Dem-
ocratic leader's decision not to
stay on as a consultant to Presi-
dent Dwight D. Eisenhower's ad-
ministration.
These sources emphasized that
Stevenson would press his views on
international affairs only as a
Democrat and a private citizen.
Opposes Identification
They said he is opposed to being
identified in any way with the
administration once he has com-
pleted his current consultation.
They gave this insight into the
thinking of the Democrats' 1952
and 1956 presidential nominee:
1) Stevenson sees no sign the
administration will fight for the
programit is drafting to increase
Allied cooperation and responsi-
bility-sharing with the North At-
lantic Treaty Organization.
Appears Alarmed
2) He is alarmed at what he
and other Democrats percieve as a
lack of sense of urgency in the
Eisenhower administration. He is
quoted as agreeing with Sen. John
W. Fulbright (D-Ark.), who is said
to have predicted failure in Con-
gress of President Eisenhower's
program as it was outlined Tues-
day at a White House conference
of Democratic and Republican
congressional leaders.
3) Stevenson, studying this
program as Democratic consultant,
has no quarrel with it as far as it
goes. But he thinks it does not go
far enough.
4) He particularly wants sub-
stantially more money spent to
help underdeveloped countries -
perhaps a billion dollars more-lest
the Soviet Union capture the alle-
giance of such nations with the
lure of unlimited economic aid. He
wants stepped-up American eco-
nomic aid channeled through an
international agency similar to the
Organization for European Eco-
nomic Cooperation.
5) Stevenson will keep quiet
until after the NATO meeting.
Religious Issue
Brings Trial
Whether or not the government
has the right to define religion is
the basic issue in a forthcoming
Federal Court trial, says Peter
Horst, '58, on trial Tuesday for
alleged violation of the Selective
Service Act.
Horst, 24 years old, says he first
refused military induction for
religious reasons in January 1955.
When the board discovered that
he did not belong to a church, it
refused to grant a Conscientious
Objector classification, but decided
to reconsider the case, Horst said.
On March 26, 1957, Horst was
again ordered to report for induc-
tion and he also refused on re-
ligious grounds.
"Whether we win the case or
not, one of the things that we
want to establish is the power of
the government to define reli-
gion," Horst said.
MVechanical
Cause
Delay in
.8
Satellite -Carryi
CONVOY DISPUTE:
Settlement Gained -
ammarskjol
JERUSALEM (P--United Nations Secretary General Dag Ham-
marskjold settled the Israeli-Jordan dispute over convoys to Mt. Scopus
yesterday. -:« .
Israel will resume the dispatch of supplies to the isolated ridge
today. >
An Israeli government spokesman said the next convoy includes
nine drums of gasoline, the ingredient which had threatened to blow
up the peace and brought Hammarskjold to Jerusalem on his trouble-
shooting mission.
In Amman, the Jordan capital, a government spokesman said the
Launching
ing Rocket
sGC (Cancellation
Supports Comes After
'Bugs,
Winds
i . .... F .
1U E~
next convoy would pass through Mandelbaum Gate into Jordan terri-
I tory today and would be searched
by Jordan military authorities.
.N o Serious " The convoy will carry supplies
approved by the Jordan authorities
only," he said. He would not say
CSwhether such supplies would in-
C r silee ude gasoline.!
+ A joint UN-Israeli communique
n M aannounced the settlement after
Iid-E ast Hammarskjold had spent four
days shuttling between Jerusalem
By THOMAS HAYDEN and Amman.
'"Arrangements have be ae
The current turmoil- in the Near "rngm tshv been mvade
Ethisdaet ro buthprobalyfor a resumption of convoys to Mt.
East is dangerous but probably Scopus," it said.
will not erupt into a major con- Israeli Prime Minister David
flict, R. P. Mitchell, an instructor Ben-Gurion, who first told news-
in the' Near Eastern studies de- men of the settlement appeared
partmerit predicted yesterday. menset
pleased.
However, he declared that the Still unclear was whether United
"outlook is somewhat depressing, States Marine Col. Byron Leary,
"The situation will erupt again, acting chief of UN truce observers
and again, and again," he claimed. in Palestine, would keep his job.
"No resolution seems possible with- inrPaetneadwoudkephisob.a
out consideration of certain basic .Jordan had accused him of bis
disputes," including the place of in the two-week crisis over Mt.
the Aab world ing the cold ar,ce Scopus convoys and in other mat-
the refugee problem, various eco- , and had asked his removal.
nomic troubles, and the whole
question of Israeli peace. ?
Describes Nasser
Mitchell spent three school years
(September, 1951, through June,
1955) studying in Cairo, Egypt. It
was during these years that Gamel
Abdel Nasser,' present Egyptian
leader, rose to power.
"Nasser is an impressive person-
ailty and probably the most pow-
erful man in the area," according
to Mitchell. "He demonstrated this
to his people and gained their
favor by proving by his strongly
nationalistic action that he was
not a puppet of the Western pow-
ers," Mitchell said.
Called Careful
Nasser has been described as
impulsive, especially in national-
izing the Suez Canal. "I can't quite
agree," said Mitchell, "he seems to
plan very carefully. He planned to
take the canal for two years."
It is important to realize, Mit-
chell said, that "aid from the
Soviet Union does not necessarily
create a satellite nation. This is
too often the American idea.
Utty "EfLCU>HS
,To Host Public
City Hall will play host to the
public at an open house explain-
ing city functions tomorrow and
Saturday.
Exhibits demonstrating the ac-
tivities of the departments of city
government will be on display in
the City Hall offices and the City
Council room.,
Conducted tours of the build-
ing will be held continuously, and
bus trips to the sewage treatments
and water softening plants will be
made at 10 a.m., 1 p.m. and 3 p.m.
tomorrow, and 10 a.m. Saturday.
The Open House will begin at
8 a.m. tomorrow and continue un-
til 6 p.m. A reception is scheduled
from 3 to 6 p.m. in the council
room. The mayor, councilmen,
and city officials will be present
to meet citizens.
Saturday, City Hall will be open
from 8 a.m. to noon.
REGENT PAUL ADAMS
... . new Attorney-General
Adams Gets
State Off ice,
Resigns Post
Paul L. Adams said yesterday
he will resign as University Re-
gent when he becomes Michigan's
attorney general Jan. 1.
His appointment to succeed
present Attorney General Thomas
M. Kavanagh was made yester-
day by Gov. G. Mennen Williams.
Kavanagh will move into the state
Supreme Court to which he was
elected last spring.
Gov. Williams will fill the va-
cant Regent post by appointment,
University Assistant Vice-Presi-
dent Herbert G. Watkins told The
Daily yesterday.
Precedents ecurred
Watkins said there are numer-
ous precedents for such action.
There has been no indication
of how soon the vacancy will be
filled or who is being considered
for the pbst.
University Attorney Edmund A.
Cummiskey said a previous court
case, requiring a state senator who
was also elected to the Regents to
resign one post, 'would necessitate
Adams' leaving the Regency.
Faces Re-election
Adams' Regent post continues
until the end of 1963. Regents are
elected by state wide vote for eight
year terms. As attorney general
he will face re-election next fall.
He said "I am very happy and
very sad about the appointment.
Happy because of the opportunity
it provides and sad because I must
leave the Regents. It was a very
difficult decision and I was most
reluctant to make it."
Adams, a resident of Sault Ste.
Marie, graduated from the Uni-
versity with a BA in 1930. He is
a 1P36 graduate of the law school.
Resides in Soo
I
-rvrectse AMany Hours
GradinM Pla nIouemn
Of New Time Today
Student Government Council
last night urged the Administra- CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. (')-
tive Board of the Literary College Mechanical "bugs" and cold, gusty
adopt a "more precise" marking winds spoiled the United States
system. effort to shoot the satellite packing
The Council also decided to Vanguard rocked into space last
study the possibilities of such a night.
system in the other colleges and Hours of waiting for the blast
schools of the University after off came to a disappointing end at
conferring withl officials of these 10:40 p.m. when word came that
colleges. the firing had been "scrubbed."
Action in this area is only a Zero hour for the shot originally
recommendation. The controlling was set for 4 p.m. Then came one,
groups in each school and college postponement after another and
would make all decisions on such finally the decision to put off until
a plan. . another time the attempt to put
Uses Per Cents an American "mnoon" into the skies
Under a more precise marking with the Russian Sputnik.
system .3 would be added to the Adjustments Delay
standard numerical equivalent of John P. Hagen, director of the
a grade for a plus and .3 would satellite project, said at Washing-
be subtracted for a minus. For ex- ton it will be known today when
ample, a B plus would be a 3.3 the test firing may be held. Hagen
and a B minus would be a 2.7. said a series of minor technical
Jerry Blackstone, '60, education adjustments had forced postpone-
and social welfare chairman, em-. ee
phasized such a system would be He said it was necessary to un-
fairer for the students. Such a load the liquid oxygen fuel and to
movewoul alo enblegradateunload and load would require sev-
move would also enable graduate eral hours. This, he. said, -would
schools to more precisely measure tax the crews to the danger point
a student's ability, he said, and because of weariness.
also would decrease the conse-
quences of "just missing" a high- The crew preparing the Van-
er grade. guardr for its journey into the
world's thin outer atmosphere was
Blackstone told of a -course plagued by mechanical difficulties
where a B was given to any stu-pand by2meh ou ins
dent who acquired between 750 Iand by 25-mile-an-hours winds
dnt whoaired etweena pos750lelashing the Florida beaches.
and 900 points out of a possibleTroubles Appear
thousand. It wa's learned unofficially that
He said he failed to see the dif- replacement of one defective part
ference of one honor point be- in the rocket's intricate mechan-
tween the student who compiled ism had taken up two hours of
898 points and the student who time. Then, less than an hour be-
acquired 901. fore zero, other troubles popped
Opposition centered about the up.
)
CALLS BUDGET HIKE 'INADEQUATE':
Finletter Criticizes Gov
By, DAVID TARR
Former Air Force secretary Thomas K. Finletter strongly con-
demned the Eisenhower administration for failing to tell the public
where- the United States stands in the military-scientific race with
Russia.,
He said the "information crisis" threatens to greatly aid the
Russians in overtaking and surpassing the United States in air power.
"We can never have any complex or important defense policy decisions
unless the people are fully informed of the United States' position-
good and bad-and aware of sacrifices they may have to make to
achieve supremacy."
Finletter, who was Air Force secretary from 1950 until 1953, also
criticized the two billion dollar hike in the defense budget for next
year proposed by the Eisenhower administration.
Not Enough for Challenge
Saying it would be inadequate to meet the challenge of Soviet
Russia's scientific achievements, he added that a figure of 10 billion
dollars, suggested by one study, "would be about right."
Finletter, who spoke before 400 Democrats at a fund raising din-
__ ___ ___ v -I s ~ L _ __ . _ .. .. - - ., , ,,1 , ..« _
argument that testing was not an
acurate measurement of a stu-
dent's ability, and that while
pluses and minuses might look
more precise on paper, they really
would not be.
Defend SBX
Dan Belin, '59, pointed out that
teachers often have difficulty de-
termining who should get an A
and who should get a B. He sug-
gested that it would be more dif-
ficult to determine grades to any
closer degree.
SGC also defeated a motion to
re-establish the Student Book Ex-
change. The Union had dropped
the program this semester after
it had lost more than $200. The
new motion called for paid stu-
dent personnel to serve as clerks
in the exchange.
There still is 'a possibility that a
new motion to re-establish the
SBX will be considered next week.
SOC Decides
To Terminate
J-Hop Election.
Student Government Council
decided last night to terminate
all-campus elections for the J-Hop
Central Committee.
No alternative method of chos-
ing the group has been decided
upon.
.ction came after an elections
committee recommendation that
~J-Hop elections be dropped be-
cause they added to the confusion
and difficulties in conducting of
the spring all-campus elections
conducted by SGC.I
Don Young, '58, Union president,
told the Council that J-Hop elec-
tions were just a popularity poll,
n" f1% t 0 1A. - +O - - - -. tt a .n ..
The wind also was a distressing
factor, because any blow over 10;
miles an hour could have an effect
on the Vanguard in its upward
journey through the dense lower
atmosphere.
The :countdown toward zero
started at 5 a.m. Scheduled for 11
hours, the count would have ended
in a blastoff at 4 p.m., if all had
gone well in preparing the 22,000-
pound rocket for its flight.
Interceptor
Missile Sites
Contracts Let
WASHINGTON (P) -- The Air
Force is preparing to build the
first four of an ultimate chain of
launching sites for its long-range
robot interceptor missile, the Bo-
marc.
It announced last night it has
signed a total of 46 million dollars
in contracts for building sites at
existing air bases in four north-
eastern states.
The Bomarc missile i can fly
faster than sound to strike enemy
bombers with atomic explosives at
ranges up to 300 miles and as high
as 60,000 feet.
The announcement said the four
sites will be at Dow Air Force Base,
Maine, costing $10,500,000; Mc-
Guire Air Force Base, N. J., $12,-
500,000; Otis Air Force Base, Mass.,
$10,500,000. and Suffolk County
Air Force Base, Long Island, N. Y.,
$12.500,000.
The Bomarc missiles and bites,
said the Air Force, "are to be
integrated into the air defense
system of the United States."
This system now includes inter-
ceptor planes of the Air Force and
Navv and the Nike missile system
A tN 1 11
er nmen Defense Secrecy' He has a successful law business
/ G G T in Sault Ste. Marie where he
~ served as mayor from 1938 to 1942.
{ to knock-out the retaliatory blow we would thrpw at them in case of . A director of the Michigan Wel-
attack. I doubt if they have reached this point yet. fare League, Adams is a former
Won't. Get Through Someday member of the State Social Wel-
"Butsoetime ntGe roug edyfare Commission and has been
"But sometime in the future our manned bombers will not be able a Democratic candidate for the
to get through their defenses. This is especially true of our sub-sonic Supreme Court and for Congress.
bombers. And it must be noted that we have not prepared or planned He is married and has four
for producing a super-sonic bomber. daughters.
"However, if the Russians get to the point where they can stop
our retaliatory blow before we develop the Inter-Continental Ballistics
Missile (ICBM) we will probably be at their mercy." Death Claim s
He noted that development of ballistic missiles takes the United
States into the third phase of post-war policy. This will include use Us
of both manned bombers and missiles, he said. , Professor
"The significance of the Soviet satellites," he said. "is they
indicate the Reds' have developed the power and guidance systems Professor emeritus Edward Lax-
necessary for ICBMs. The only problem left is that of getting missiles rabee Adams of the romance lan-
out and back into the atmosphere without burning up from friction guages department died Tuesday
with air." at University Hospital, following
Hopeful Element in Picture a long illness.
> T.7., -iA 1-s -nL--".- n . r..n' i 4- .,'.'. l.'. .. s 1bAii' Prof Adams. 79 years old, had
he
d
n
of
D
' bodies.w
This was manounced by AFL-
CIO President George Meany, who
said further efforts will be made
to br., fg the unmerged groups to-'