,CTOBER IN, 1957
THE MICHIGAN DAILY
P:AGE
GTOBER ~5, 1957 THE MICHIGAN DAILY PAGE
POST-GRADUATE RESEARCH:
Scientific Organizations Provide Grants
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SIZE NOT SOLE FACTOR:
Two n a t io0 n a 1 organizations
have announced opportunities for
postgraduate research grants.
The National Academy of Sci-
ences-National Research Council
and the National Science Founda-
tion recently released materials
' describing their gra&ate and
postdoctoral fellowships and post-
doctoral resident research asso-
ciateships. f
More than nine hundred fel-
lowships will be awarded by the
National S c i e n c e Foundation.
These fellowships, awarded solely
on the basis of ability, are avail-
able in the fields of mathematics,
physics, medicine and biology.
Engineering, anthropology, psy-
chology and geography fellow-
ships are also available.
Gront Fellowships
Graduate fellowships are given
in these fields to persons in any
year of graduate study. Graduat-
ing seniors are also eligible to ap-
ply.
Postdoctoral fellowships are
+ available to persons having a
Ph.D. in any of the above fields.
Holders of the M.D., D.D.S., or
D. V.M. degree, who wish to ob-
tain further training for a career
in research, can apply for a post-
doctoral f e 11l o w s h i p. However,
these persons must present an ac-
ceptable plan of study and re-
search.
Award Sums
Sums varying from $1600 forY
the first year, to $3800, for post-
doctoral fellows, will be awarded.
In addition, dependency allow-
ances for married Fellows, tui-
tion, laboratory fees and a limited<
travel allowance will be provided.
Work sponsored by the fellow-1
ship may be carried on at any1
non-profit institution in the
institution in the United States
or similar institution. abroad ap-
proved by the National Science
Foundation,
All applicants for graduate
awards will be required to take at
test administered by the Educa-
tional Testing Service on Jan. 18,
1958. The test is designed to mea-
sure s c i e n t i f i c aptitude and
achievement. Each candidates'
application will be evaluated by
the Academy-Research Council
and the National Science Founda-
tion will announce the awards on
March 15,1958.
Announce Deadline
The deadline for receipt of ap-
plications for regular post-doc-
toral fellowships is Dec. 23, 1957
and for the graduate fellowships,
Jan. 3, 1958.
Postdoctoral Resident Research
'Technic' Issue
To Go on Sale
Copies of the Michigan Technic
will be available next Monday andI
Tuesday, according to Gary Muel-
ler, public relations director.
The October issue of the engi-
neering magazine will include re-.
cent developments in industry,
Technic Teasers and Michigan's
plagiarisms. The concluding part
of "The Technic Story" will also
appear.,
Read and Use
Daily Classifieds
Associateships are offered under
the auspices of the National
Academy of Sciences-National
Research Council.
This program has been estab-
lished to provide young scientists
of unusual ability and promise the
opportunity for advanced train-'
ing in basic research in many
fields.
Modern research facilities are
available in the general areas of
the biological, physical and
mathematical sciences. In addi-
tion, research in visual psycho-
physics and engineering psychol-
ogy is also available.
Research Facilities
Research sponsored by these as-
sociateships may be carried on at
the Argonne National Laboratory,
the National Bureau of Stand-
ards, the Naval Research Labor-
atory and the Oak Ridge Nation-
al Laboratory.
Remuneration for these asso-
ciattships is $7035 per year.
Applicants to this program
'must be citizens of the United
States and must produce evidence
of training in one of the above
fields equivalent to that repre-
sented by the Ph.D. or Cc.D. de-
gree. It is also important that the
candidate have demonstrated su-
perior ability for creative re-
search
File Applications
Applications must be filed at
the Fellowship Office of the Na-
tional Academy of Sciences-Na-
tional Research Council on or be-
fore Jan. 13, 1958. The awards
will be announced by the parti-
cipating laboratories about April
1, 1958.
Information and application,
material for all fellowships and
associateships can be secured by
writing to the Fellowship Office,
National Academy of Sciences-
National. Research Council, 2101
Constitution Avenue, N.W., Wash-
ington 25, D.C.'
CONDUCTS SURVEY:
Research Center Studies
Middle Class Parents
A survey of the functions of the
mother and father in a middle
class family was' conducted by the
University's Research Center for
Group Dynamics.
. Conducted with the cooperation
of students and parents from
selected classes in Detroit schools,
the survey pointed out that while
the husband does not usually per-
form routine household tasks the
wife can count on occasional help
from him.
In most cases reported the father
was responsible for the mainte-
nance of the family property while
the mother's activities ranged from
waking the children to writing the
family correspondence.
SGC Accepts
Applications
For Seminar
Applications are now being ac-
cepted from students wanting to
participate in the International
Student Relations Seminar to be
held here Nov. 8-10, according to
Jo Hardee, '60, of the Internation-
al Affairs committee.
The seminar will be sponsored
by the Michigan Region of Na-
tional Students Association.
Purpose of the seminar will be
to discuss the role of the Ameri-
can and international student in
promoting world understanding.
Travel programs, campus plan-
ning for international students,
cultural exchange and national
and international student organi-
zations will be discussed.
Conducting the seminar will be
Peter Eckstein, '58, Anne Wood-
ard, '57 and Marian McReynolds,
'56.
Applications from interested
students will be due on Oct. 29.
They can be picked ip in the SGC
section of the Student Activities
Building.
The mother and father share
equally such tasks as putting out
the garbage, weeding, and planting
and paying the children their al-
lowances.
In interviews conducted among
some 450 families, the researchers
found that nearly four out of every
10 fathers got their own breakfast
and helped wash the dishes occa-
sionally. However, 15 per cent of
the fathers helped to clean the
house.
The children see their father as
playing a major part in getting
them to behave at the meal table.
The researchers think this is prob-
ably because his efforts to lay
down the law at dinner are usually
more memorable than mother's
efforts to maintain peace and quiet
at mealtime.
In about half of the families
studied, the father was primarily
responsible for paying bills. In the
other half, this responsibility is
either shared with the wife or she
controls family funds. In either
case the father has the most au-
thority concerning the buying of
big, new things f Nr the family or
house.
School Plans
M.A. Program
In Accounting
A master's degree program in
accounting will be added to the
School of Businev Administra-
tion's curriculum, according to
Prof. Russell A. Stevenson, dean
of the School of Business Admin-
istration. .
The program, Prof. Stevenson
said, has developed from the one
semester accounting course first
offered 60 years ago to the num-
ber of specialized courses offered
today.
"While emphasizing account-
ing, the -program also provides
breadth of training by including
a careful selection of courses in
all important fields relating to
business," he said.
"Students completing our pro-
gram in accounting will be well
equipped either to enter the pub-
lic accounting profession and
progress to certified public ac-
countants or to accept employ-
ment opportunities with corpora-
tions or governmental agencies,"
he continued.
Civic Spew
Size alone does notddetermine
how much a city spends on serv-
ices for its residents, Prof. Harvey
E. Brazer, of the economics de-
partment, announced at the Na-
tional Tax Association Conference
yesterday.
"There is little or no statistical
support for the commonly held
idea that per capita expenditures
by cities. tend to increase with
population size, he emphasized.
"Instead, the place and role of
the city within the metropolitan
complex is a leading factor in ex-
plaining differences in levels of
per capita expenditure.
Conducts Study
His remarks were based on a
study he conducted in 1951, cover-
ing expenditures of some 462 cities
which nearly all had populations
of 25,000 br more.
Expenditures for such common
city functions as fire and police
protection, streets and highways,
recreation, general control and
sanitation ranged from a low of
$11 to a high of $81 annually, he
said.
"A high or low level of expendi-
ture on any one of these functions
is not necessarily accompanied by
a correspondingly high or low level
for other categories," Brazer re-
ported. "Instead, budget patterns
among cities appear to be ex-
tremely diverse, except that cities
which spend much or little on
police protection spend roughly
similar amounts on fire control."
Expenditures Vary
In general, he continued, per
capita expenditure of cities varied
more between states than within
them. He commented that this
may be attributed to greater ho-
mogeneity of family income, popu-
lation density and inter-govern-
mental expenditures within states.
Cities in the New England and
Pacific regions, he added, gen-
erally spend far more per capita
than those in the West North
Central and West South Central
areas.
This can be partly attributed to
differences in attitudes toward
public services arising for differ-
ences in the ethnic backgrounds of
dominant population groups and
political leanings and traditions.
Differences in the taxing powers
and fiscal responsibilities allotted
in the various states also must be
taken into account.
Reveals Trend
By grouping cities in seven gen-
eral categories, Brazer revealed a
high degree of regularity in the
rank order of these groups for
total general operating expendi-
tures per capita.
"Major resort cities spent much
more than each of the others, fol-
lowed by core cities of major met-
ropolitan areas, industrial suburbs,
high-income suburbs, low-income
suburbs, core cities of minor met-
ropolitan areas and, lowest, in-
dependent cities," he said.
"With respect to highways, rec-
reation, general control and sani-
Police To Auction
Bikes on Saturday
Seventy-four bicycles will be
auctioned by the police department
at 10 a.m. Sattirday at police head-
quarters, Huron St. and Fifth Ave.,
according to Casper M. Enke-
mann, police chief.
EUROPE
Summer 1958 - 70 days
We'll see the usual, plus North
Africa, Yogoslovia, East Ger-
many, Czechoslovakia, Berlin,
Denmark and Ireland. A differ-
ent kind of trip for the young
in spirit who, don't want to be,
herded around. All expenses
$1335. Write to:
EUROPE SUMMER TOURS
255 Sequoia (Box S)
Pasadena, Calif.
tation this pattern disappears," he
continued. "Major resort cities
continue to lead all others, but
the other groups demonstrate no
discernable regularity in t h e i r
rankings."
Relate Association
"Any association between popu-
lation growth and city expendi-
tures is negative in direction,"
Brazer said. On the other hand,
he went on, density of population
intergovernmental revenue and
Blood Donors
May Register
ee
At TU' Hospital
University Hospital is seeking
professional blood donors.
Those people who can donate a
pint of blood every two months
may register at the Blood Bank
from 9-11 a.m., Monday through
Friday.
.Professional donors must be 21
years of age. A parent's written
consent is required if a donor is
between the ages of 18 and 21.
A file including the names of
donors of all blood types is main-
tained in the Blood Bank in order
that unusual demand or emer-
gencies may be met.
ding Varies Among Cities
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median family income were re-
lated to per capita expenditures.
"Intergovernmental revenue is
highly consistent in its positive
association with per capita city
expenditures," he said.
Among the 40 large-city areas,
Brazer found that the smaller the
proportion of the metropolitan
area population that lives in the
city, the higher its per capita ex-
penditures tend to be.
Reflect Differences
"With the exception of high-
ways and sanitation, all categories
of expenditure reflect differences
in the size of this ratio," he de-
clared.
"For such categories as police
and fire protection, the combined
common functions and total gen-
eral operating expenditures, this
variable may be said to account
for approximately 15 to 25 per cent
of the variation in per capita oper-
ating outlays of the 40 cities
studied and their overlying units
of local government," he added.
Nationwide Test
Affects Broadcast
The Federal Communications
Commission has announced a na-
tion-wide test of Conelrad Emer-
gency Broadcasting facilities from
3:30 to 4:00 a.m. on Nov. 4.
There will be no simulation of
attack warnings.
(Use of this column for announce-
ments of meetings is available to of-
ficially recognizedand registered stu-
dent organizations only.)
Newman Club, talent show and danc-
ing, Oct. 25, 8-12 p.m., Newman.
* * *
Congregational D 1 s c i p 1 e s Student
Guild, fireside discussion about the re-
treat and functions of Guild, Oct. 25,
8:00 p.m., Guild House.
Gamma Delta, Lutheran Students
Group, card party, Oct. 25, 8:00 p.m.,
University Lutheran Chapel, 1511
Washtenaw.
Baha'i Student Group, public meet-
Organization Notices
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BUY.
FOLLETY'iS
State Street at North University
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Read Daily Classifieds
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ing, Oct. 25, 8:00 p.m., 725 S. Division.
Speaker: Jack Fally, "Progressive Reve-
lation."
Soil Conservation Society of America,
student chapter, panel discussion, Oct.
25, 8:00 p.m. Rackham Amphitheater.
Panel members: moderator, Russel G.
Hill, Pres, of Soil Conservation Society
of America; Sanford Farness, head,
Washtenaw County Planning Commis-
sion, 'County Planning";' Clifford
Humphreys, Dept. of Resource Devel-
opment. MSU, "The Watershed Ap-
proach;" William A. Kluender, director
Agricultural and Resource Develop-
ment, Chicago and Northwester Rail-
way System, "Industrial Resource Plan-
ning."
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Graduate and undergraduate students majoring in
AERONAUTICAL, ELECTRICAL, MECHANICAL, NUCLEAR, CIVIL,
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING plus MATHEMATICS, PHYSICS, METALLURGY
We invite you to investigate the
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career advantages at
COVI
the young man's Company
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At Convair the accent is on Youth. We seek men
with vigorous young minds....young men trained
to think in the new dimension of exploration into
Outer Space. Here is opportunity. Because Convair
is engaged in the widest diversity of aircraft and
missile projects in the U.S. today. Talk with the
men from Convair (see dates). Let them tell you
about the exciting new opportunities at Convair.
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" Ask Your Placement Officer for Appointment
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INTERVIEWS
* *
October 29, 30
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MUSIC SHOPS
-CAMPUS--
211 S. State
NO 8-9013
--DOWNTOWN-
205 E. Liberty
NO 2-0675
for the Finest in Recorded Music
CONVAIR-ASTRONAUTICS
During 1957, groups of outstanding scientists and engi-
neers, together with hand-picked young graduates, will
occupy the new $40,000,000 Convair-Astronautics facility.
Here, in a unique environment, they will develop and
design ATLAS-an Air Force top-priority Intercontinental
Ballistic Missile (ICBM) - the forerunner of travel into
space. You may qualify for a position with Convair-
Astronautics' ICBM project - one of the most important
of its kind in the United States.
SAN DIEGO,.CALIFORNIA
CONVAIR SAN 0IIEGO
Plan your career with America's top airframe builder. Here
you'll find a wide range of opportunities for the graduate
engineer. You'll work with a congenial group in the
Company famous for such-advanced aircraft as the 880 -
world's fastest commercial jet-airliner; F-102A-first super-
sonic interceptor; Sea-Dart- first water-based jet fighter;
and long-range research on nuclear aircraft. There is no
ceiling on your chances to advance and makea name for
yourself at Convair San Diego.
SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA
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CONVAIR FORT WORTH
Latest project to emerge into the stages of flight test and
production at Convair Fort Worth is the B-58 - a long
range supersonic bomber, first aircraft to be built under ,
the "weapons system" concept. Nearly half-a-hundred
other Air Force contracts are in various stages of design
and development. In addition to working in this atmos-
phere of advanced thinking, you'll find better'living at
lower cost, and enjoy a wealth of recreational and cultural
facilities in Fort Worth.
FORT WORTH, TEXAS
CONVAIR POMONA
Located in Southerng California, Convair Pomona is the
first fully-integrated missile- plant in the U.S. Here the
Navy's TERRIER supersonic missile is designed and built.
You, as a graduate engineer or science major, can build an
outstanding career in electronics and missiles systems at
Convair Pomona. You will work with the most modern
electronic equipment known. Better yet, you will work
with the kind of friendly, informed engineer-scientist
groups that are pacing the advance into outer space.
POMONA, CALIFORNIA
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