One Year Ago
Shemlrhigau Bally
Sixty-Eighth Year
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CHAMBER MUSIC
Brahms Highlights
Quartet Concert
LAST NIGHT in Rackham lecture hall the Stanley Quartet, vying
for an audience with Senators Bricker and Gore, presented their
first local concert with a new second violinist, Gustave Rosseels.
The concert opened with Haydn's quartet in F major, op. 77, no. 2.
The quartet presented a very spirited interpretation of this work, dis-
playing especially subtle dynamic contrasts between the minuet and
trio of the second movement. In the Haydn as well as in the rest of
the program, Rosseels presented a surprisingly dark violin quality
which contrasts pleasantly with the bright and sometimes edgy tones
of Gilbert Ross, the first violinist. His style of playing is quiet and very
Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers or
the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.
ESDAY, OCTOBER 23, 1957
NIGHT EDITOR: JAMES BOW
October 23: A Day
To Honor Hungary's Brave
THE HUMAN MIND has an infinite capacity
to forget. Today is an anniversary we should
all remember and honor, for one year ago the
Hungarian people shook the fetters of Soviet
imperialism and a Communist police state to
breath freedom for short days.
For those who have forgotten the anniversary
as well as the story, the events are worth recall-
ing. Before October 23, the country's influential
writers had been critical of Soviet imperialism
in Hungary and sympathetic with the protesting
Poles. This sentiment vented itself in the streets
of Budapest on the night of the twenty-third,
after Gero had threatened the crowds. In Bem
and Petofi squares, at the Csepel Island factories
and at the Radio Building the revolutionaries--
children, university students and workers--
gathered, protested, were fired upon, fired back,
killed and were killed. Victory belonged to the
freedom-fighters for nearly two weeks. In the
impetuosity of their freedom, they formed a
new government, declared themselves neutral,
denounced the Warsaw Pact and called upon
the West. They must have realized their ex-
tremism would be too much for the Kremlin to
tolerate and it was. On November 4, Soviet
tanks turned some of the most significant
battlefields in history-Kilian barracks, Ulloi Ut
and the Csepel plants-to rubble. In the horror
of dust, gunsmoke, children's blood and gaso-
line, Budapest had lost a battle.
Today, Budapest buildings still manifest the
scars of tyranny. Those many thousands who
lost relatives and friends cannot forget. What
Hungarian can? What human can? All know
that when the Soviet divisions leave, Kadar
will be tumbled. They wait for "the day" and
while they wait their wounds fester. The ques-
tion since October is not "if" but "when." There
is respect for the might of Russia's 200 mil-
lions, but ever since children destroyed tanks
there is no longer fear among the 10 million.
T HE EFFECT of the revolution has been in-
delible. Communism has been shamed irre-
parably. On the streets of Budapest in October
the world had a demonstration that a Com-
munist regime survives not long after its mili-
tary police ceasg to function. It took the blood
of Hungariai democrats to convince former
Communists like Milovan Djilas, Howard Fast
and many lesser men that the state should
exist to serve the will of the people, and not the
people to serve the state. Russia's callous non-
recognition of six United Nation's resolutions to
cease intervention in Budapest turned even the
undecided nations against her in the showdown
voting. Those nations recently loosed from
Western imperialism will long remember ob-
serving a more ruthless intervention than they
ever experienced. Behind the cloak of Utopian
Communist ideology was revealed the oppor-
tunistic bear of Russian nationalism seeking
only to maintain a friendly buffer state.
But most, freedom's flurry in Budapest was
a manifestation that, on the contrary, totali-
tarian communism is not the determined force
in history as Marx held, but that democracy-
society governed by the will and votes of free
men-is. This is a heartening thought in a day
when good minds in the West have come to
doubt the superiority of our own ideology.
Today, we thank, honor, wait upon, watch
over and pray for those Hungarians who cher-
ished freedom above life last October for the
refreshing vitality they gave to our beliefs.
This October will likely pass with overt quiet
through the streets of Budapest, but there will
other Octobers and other Budapests as well.
-JAMES ELSMAN
Editorial Director
One Sentence On Tyranny
By GYULA ILLYES
TODAY AND TOMORROW :
A Full Time Job
By WALTER LIPPMANN
TE QUEEN'S VISIT to Washington has, as working together the two bureaucracies, the two
everyone knows, been not only a popular military establishments, the politicians, the
success but it has provided the occasion for the scientists, the businessmen and the masses of
President to show his own interest in the alli- the people on the two sides of the Atlantic. It
ance. It was, of course, a mere coincidence took, to put it briefly, a Churchill and a Roose-
that the date of the visit, which was fixed long velt, in a close and continual contact, each
ago, happened to fall so soon after the launch- with an eye on every important undertaking,
ing of the Sputnik. But the coincidence must both working long hours every day of every
have had much to do with the prompt and week. They did this, too, in a time of desperate
apparently rather sudden agreement on an im- war when the sense of urgency was strong in
mediate visit to Washington by the Prime most men.
Minister. The crucial point, it seems to me, is that a
true cooperation of the kind the President was
All this was reflected in the President's toast talking about in his toast to the Queen, depends
to the Queen at the White House dinner in entirely on the heads of the governments. The
which he called for close cooperation within the decision to cooperate cannot be made by the
NATO alliance. This would not have been said, heads of the governments and the carrying out
at least not have been said so fervently, were it of the decision delegated to committees and
not for the dismay and embarrassment of the .
'tnik affai.joint boards. There have, of course, to be com-
Sput fair. mittees and joint boards. But unless those
There is a question which hangs over the involved feel, as did the members of the war-
talks that are to be held this week between time agencies, the brooding presence of impa-
Mr. Macmillan and Mr. Eisenhower. It is not tient men like Churchill and Roosevelt, they
whether "the free world's assets" are as great will draft into the doldrums or become snarled
as the President says they are. Undoubtedly the up with jealousies.
"assets," as well as the science, the technology And so, when the Prime Minister and the
and the productive capacity of the non-Com- President part after their meeting in Washing-j
munist world are very great indeed. Nor is it ton, the question will be how deeply is each of
the question whether it would be useful and them engaged personally to watch over and tol
desirable to cooperate in research and develop- drive forward the big projects they will no
ment. It is idiotic not to cooperate in research doubt decide upon. If the answer to this ques-
and development. The question is whether the tion is negative or doubtful, we shall have to
President and the Prime Minister are able and infer that the profound significance of the
willing to give the time and energy which it Soviet achievement has not been understood in
takes to bring about and to keep moving such the highest places, that the proposal to pool
cooperation among two or more countries. our resources and our talents is not a seriously
considered project but a device in public rela-
BOTH OF THEM have known at first hand tions to quiet popular dismay.
during the World War what it took to keep 1957 New York Herald Tribune Inc.
INTERPRETING THE NEWS:
Ike Doctrine Defunct
Editor's Note: The following poem
was brought to the United States and
translated by a graduate student at
the University who participated in
the Hungarian Revolution which be-
gan one year ago today. His name is
withheld for the protection of his
relatives still in Hungary.)
Where there's tyranny,
there's tyranny,
not only in the gun-barrel,
not only in the prison-cell,
not only in the torture-rooms,
not only in the nights,
in the voice of the shouting guard;
there's tyranny
not only in the speech of the
prosecutor, pouring like dark
smoke,
in the confessions,
in the wall-tapping of prisoners,
not only in the judge's passionless
sentence: "Guilty!"
there's tyranny
not only in the martially
curt "Attention!" and
"Fire!" and in the drum rolls,
and in the way the corpse
is thrust into a hole,
not only in the secretly
half-opened door,
in fearfully
whispered news,
in the finger, dropping
in front of the lips, cautioning
"Hush!"
there is tyranny
not only in the facial expression
firmly set like iron bars,
and in the still born
tormented cry of pain within
these bars,
in the shower
of silent tears
adding to this silence,
in a glazed eyeball,
there is tyranny
not only in the cheers
of men upstanding
who cry "Hurrah!" and sing,
where there's tyranny
there's tyranny
not only in the tirelessly
clapping palms,
in orchestras, in operas,
in the braggart statues of tyrants
just as mendaciously loud,
in colours, in picture galleries,
in each embracing frame,
even in the painter's brush,
not only in the sound of the car-
gliding softly in the night
and in the way
it stops at the doorway;
where there's tyranny, it's there
in actual presence
in everything,
in the way not even your god was
in olden times;
there's tyranny
in the nursery schools,
in paternal advice,
in the mother's smile,
in the way a child
replies to a stranger;
not only in the barbed wire,
not only in the bookseller's stands,
_ _ - ,1 - '
Gyula Illyes, often called "the
voice of the new Hungary," is
considered the leader of the poets
of his generation.
Born in 1902 to a peasant
family, Illyes went to Paris in
1919 and lived there till 1928.
He fought the Horthy regime
with hs pen, and later became
one of the chief organizers of
the Hungarian resistance against
Communism. According to un-
official reports, he i presently
being detained in a mental hos--
pita!.
This, his great poem, is a
single sentence in denunciation
of tyranny. The translation sac-
rifices rhyme and rhythm to pre-
s e r v e the ideas and imagery
which are most important in this
sonorous and brilliant picture of
a country vi der Communist
tyranny.
in the way suddenly
your lover's face becomes frozen,
because tyranny is there
in the amorous trysts,
not only in the questioning,
it is there in the declaration of
love,
in the sweet drunkenness of words,
like a fly in the wine,
for not even in your dreams
are you alone,
it is there in the bridal bed,
and before it, in the dawning
desire,
because you only believe beautiful
what
once has already belonged to the
tyrant;
you have slept with him
when you thought you were
making love to another;
in plate and in glass,
it is there, in your nose, your
mouth,
in coldness and dimness,
out of doors and in your room,
as if the windows were open
and the stink of corruption
flooded in,
as if in the house
there was a smell of leaking gas;
if you talk to yourself,
it is tyranny that questions you,
even in your imagination
you are not free of it,
above you the Milky Way's
different, too:
a frontier zone where the light
seeps,
a minefield; and the star
is a spy-hole;
Cornmittee
Conclusions
AMONG THE (UN Hungarian
fact-finding) committee's con-
clusions were these: the revolt was
"a spontaneous national uprising
due to long-standing grievances."
Nrn avi a n na .+nnnoar +i a ,n
the crowded heavenly tent
is a single forced-labour camp,
for tyranny speaks
out of fever, out of the sound of
bells,
out of the priest in the
confessional,
from the sermon,
church, parliament, torture-
chamber
are all only a stage;
you open and close your eyes,
only this looks at you;
like an illness,
it accompanies you like memory,
in the train's wheels you can hear
it,
you're prisoner, you're prisoner,
that's what it repeats;
on a mountain or beside the ocean,
this is what you breathe;
the lightning flashes, it is this
that's present in every unexpected
noise and light,
sn the missing heart-beat;
in tranquillity,
in the boredom of the shackles,
in the whisper of the rain,
in the bars that reach to the sky;
in the falling of the snow
white like the prison wall;
it looks at you
out of your dog's eyes,
and because it's there in every
ambition,
it is in your to-morrow,
in your thought,
in every one of your gestures;
like a river in its bed
you follow it and you create it;
you spy out of this circle
it looks at you from the mirror,
it watches you, you would run in
vain,
you're prisoner and warden at the
same time;
into the tang of your tobacco,
into the fabric of your clothes,
it seeps in, etches like acid
down to your marrow,
you would like to think yet no idea
but it comes into your mind
you would like to look but you
see only
what it creates like magic in
front of you,
and already there is a circle of
fire,
a forest-fire made out of match-
sticks,
because when you dropped one,
you didn't crush it;
and thus it guards you now,
in the factory, in the field, in the
house;
and you no longer feel the
meaning of life,
what is meat and bread,
what it is to love, to desire
with wide-open arms,
thus the slave himself
forges and bears his own shackles;
when you eat you nourish it,
you beget your child for it,
where there's tyranny
everyone is a link in the chain;
it stinks and pours out of you,
you are tyranny yourself;
like moles in the sunshine;,
refined, similar to that of his fel-
low countryman Robert Courte.
The five short pieces from the
Bartok Mikrokosmos, which are
transcriptions of his pieces for
children, were played with obvious
enjoyment, which feeling was mir-
rored in the audiences' reception
of the pieces. This music, while
not exactly programmatic, is quite
cleverly imitative.
,. * *
THE SECOND HALF of the pro-
gram opened with Beethoven's
Cavatina from the quartet in B-
flat major, op. 130 in memory of
the late Gordon Sutherland. It
was only fitting that one of Bee-
thoven's greatest, most moving
and most difficult works should
be played for this man who was
outstanding as a teacher, a musi-
cian and a scholar.
His presence here, however, is
most missed not in these capaci-
ties, but because he was a per-
sonality of a rare calibre that is
irreplaceable. The quartet lavish-
ed o this memorial a most per-
sonal intensity, which was further
deepened by a minute silence while
the performers remained motion-
less with heads bowed.
Brahms quartet in C minor, op.
,51, no. 1, was, musically, the high
point of the evening. In Brahms,
one hears the very height of ro-
mantic expression; in this in-
stance from the lower strings in
particular. The m e 11 ow, lush
sounds which are so often out of
place in earlier and later periods
of music are the very essence of
Brahms.
THE QUARTET displayed its
cellist, Oliver Edel, to the fullest
in the second and third move-
ments, while displaying in the
work as a whole some of its best
ensemble playing to date.
The program as a whole was in-
deed successful; as the evening
mellowed, so did the performance.
Unfortunately the same cannot
be said of the audience. Not only
did a large minority arrive late,
but the constant coming and going
is more in line with a track meet
than that of a chamber music con-
cert.
In a majority of cases, as in last
night's quartet concert, the pro-
gram is well worth staying for.
--Allegra Branson
DAILY
OFFICIAL
BULLETIN
The Daily Official Bulletin is an
official publication of the Univer-
sity of Michigan for which the
Michigan Daily assumes no edi-
torial responsibility. Notices should
be sent in TYPEWRITTEN form to
Room 3519 Administration Build-
ing, before 2 p.m. the day preceding
publication. Notices for Sunday
Daily due at 2:00 p.m. Friday.
WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 23, 1957
VOL. LXVIII, NO. 31
General Notices
Showing of secondary school mathe-
matics films Thurs., Oct. 24 at 4:00
p.m. in 451 Mason Hall.
International Center Tea, sponsored
by International Student Association
and International Center, Thurs., Oct.
24, from 4:30 to 6:00 p.m. at the Inter-
national Center.
Fulbright Applications and all sup-
porting material must be received in
the Graduate School, Room 1020, Rack-
ham Building, by 4:00 p.m. Mon., Oct.
28. This is the closing date for the
1958-59 competition and the deadline
will not be extended.
Board in Review, Student Govern-
ment Council: In action taken Oct. 20,
1957 the Board in Review withdrew its
stay-of-action with respect to faculty
solicitation as adopted by the Student
Governmentcouncil in its meeting of
Oct. 16, 1957.
In action taken Oct. 21, 1957 the
Board in Review withdrew its stay-
of-action with respect to the considera-
tion of the appeal of the designation of
campus area.
Lectures
University Lecture: "Three Periods of
'New Musics' - 1300 - 1600 - 1900" by
Prof. Eberhard Preussner, associate di-
rector, Mozarteum, Salzburg, Austria,
4:15 p.m., Oct. 23 in Aud. A, Angell
Hall. Open to the public.
Department of Physiology Lecture:
Dr. Hallowell Davis, Director of Re-
search, Central Institute for the Deaf,
St. Louis, and President-elect, Ameri-
can Physiological Society, will lecture
on "The Biophysics and Neurophysi-
ology of the Cochlea," Rackham Am-
phitheater, Wed., Oct. 23, 8:00 p.m.
American Society for Public Adminis-
tration Social Seminar: First social
seminar of the Michigan Chapter of
A.S.P.A. for the 1957-58 year Wed., Oct,
23 at 8:00 p.m. in the East Conference
Room of Rackham. Dr.Stanley E. Sea-
shore, assistant to director, Institute
for Social Research, will speak on, "New
Trends in Administration."
Research Seminar of the Mental
EXCERPTS:
Hungarian
Essays
(Editor's Note: The lines quoted
below are selected from essays pub-
lished during the Hungarian upris-
ing, written primarily by disillu-
sioned Communists.)
A Letter .
By TIBOR DERY
My friends,
IT IS A HARD decision for me to
speak. When the first rifieshot
was fired, the blood rushed to my
head: you, too, are responsible for
this! You have spoken, incited
people to action; how are you
going to account for the dead?
The corpses waiting for burial are
piling up in the street: go out and
restrain the hands of the murder-
ers!
I cannot accept it without ques-
tion that no revolution is possible
without a sacrifice of blood. After
every rifle-shot, I felt completely
dazed as though I had pressed the
trigger. I believe in the human
conscience and I place myself in
the dock.
My friends, I accept the respon-
sibility. I am happy and proud
that, together with my fellow-
writers, our profession made us the
first listeners and reporters of the
nation's voice. This, the greatest
revolution since the beginning of
recorded Hungarian annals, was
not incited and carried out by indi-
viduals, by political groups, by
ideas and opinions but by the will
of the people.
I realize in horror something
we have only suspected and felt
vaguely for long years, to which
we could only make fragmentary
allusions. Deeply shaken, I can
only now assess the deadly cruelty
of the pressure exerted upon the
people-so that they replied to it
with such universal accord, with
bare hands against the tanks.
In 1945 I believed that workers,
peasants, all of us who had been
excluded from the nation will find
a new country. But during ten
years the country has been stolen
inch by inch from under our feet.
We thought we would be able to
build Socialism; instead of which
they put us behind prison walls
built of blood and lies.
I feel myself responsible, too, be-
cause my eyes were opened late.
And when they were opened, I
could not strengthen my voice or
my silence to such an extent that
all should understand their mean-
ing.
But we Hungarian writers have
one excuse; even if rather late, we
opened the fight against tyranny.
w
_z,
t
7
A Lesson . . .
By LORINC SZABO
By WILLIAM N. OATIS
UNITED NATIONS, N.Y. (P) - The United
States isn't talking about the Eisenhower Doc-
trine here these days.
The doctrine took shape early this year aft-
er word came that Syria, like Egypt, was get-
ting Soviet-bloc arms.
A month ago Secretary of State Dulles men-
tioned the doctrine in a United Nations speech
citing Syria as a place where "political power
has increasingly been taken over by those who
depend upon Moscow."
DULLES said that "when the' Soviet threat
to the Middle East was recently resumed,"
Congress reacted with a joint resolution auth-
orizing the President to give economic and
military aid to help Middle East nations re-
main independent.
He recalled that this resolution, signed
March 9, said, "The United States is prepared
to use armed forces to assist any such nation
. . requesting assistance against armed ag-
gression from any country controlled by in-
a Washington Cabinet meeting last Friday
morning, told the UN that the charges against
the United States and Turkey were absurd.
Lodge reaffirmed a U.S. pledge. But it wasn't
the Eisenhower Doctrine.
It was a White House statement that the
United States "will observe its commitments
within constiutional means to oppose any ag-
gression in the area."
THIS STATEMENT was issued April 9, 1956-
11 months before the Eisenhower Doctrine
became law. What prompted it was not Soviet
activities but repeated incidents on the borders
between Israel and her Arab neighbors - par-
ticularly Egypt and Syria.
At that time, the United States got the
UN Security Council to send Secretary Gen-
eral Dag Hammarskjold to the Middle East to
calm things down. He obtained a cease-fire
agreement from Israel, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon
and Syria.
What happened between the time Dulles
nlaved up the Eisenhower Doctrine - and the
OT EVERY single aim which
the past unhappy twelve years
strove to achieve was evil. Not in
its seeds-thus we must not forget.
But we must remember a hundred,
nay, a thousand times more, all
the evil it had committed and
planned to commit. The stubborn
cruelty, the base trampling upon
right, truth and the spirit; the
whole hell which an inert doctri-
narism tried to incorporate like a
mortal disease into the pulsing
richness' of life.
As a lesson, let us not forget
pain and the increase of pain as
a means of government! We must
be liberated in such a way, too,
that we can save ourselves and our
future from the repetition and re-
currence of the crimes of the past
twelve years.
With Arms at Rest .. .
By George Paloezi-Horvath
IN THE FIRST WEEK of our
fight for freedom, no issue of
Irodalmi Ujsag appeared. The
newspaper which has hoisted the
banner of liberty while the terror
still endured could not call for
peace, order and tranquility in the
days when the nation struggled for
its liberation.
We do not want peace, order and
calmness at any price. We have
lived in such tranquility during an
insufferably long period. It was
in the midst of the greatest peace
and order that tens of thousands
of us were taken to the A.V.O.
prisons.
In the greatest "tranquility" in
the calmness of abject fear,
clenched teeth and outrage, a
arpn4' many, +'ki'nsr. fl'af an ',.a .rtrman
A,
i
,
'a