Sixty-Eighth Year
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[DAY, MAY 16, 1958 NIGHT EDITOR: THOMAS TURNER
Phi Sigma Sigma Evades Issue
f Mbi
OfMembership Restrictions
"You'll Make Better Time Without This Extra Wheel"
AT THE CAMPUS:
Smiles' Inscrutable
Evocative, Intense
"SMILES of a Summer Night," the film currently playing at the Cam-
pus theater, is one of a crop of carefully crafted, curiously moving
European movies that have lately swept into the country. Strange,
many-layered, full of ambivalent emphases, "Smiles of a Summer
Night" is less effective than the recent "Nights of Cabiria," but has a
similar -power to evoke potent and disturbing emotions.
The film takes place in Sweden at/the turn of the century. In a
lengthy beginning, characters are introduced to the audience and their
relationships defined: There is Fredrik Egermann, a middle - aged
lawyer, married to a nineteen-year-old girl, seeking love from her
but unable to find it. There are Anne and Henrik; the one Fredrik's
naive and increasingly disillusioned wife, the other his morose, idealis!
1t
FROM WHAT group does Phi Sigma Sigma
plan to draw its membership?
Ever since the group headed by Carol Sha-
iro has sought to gain recognition on the
:ampus, the underlying assumption has been
hat the sorority would be predominantly Jew-
sh. This has been the rationale behind bring-
ng the group to campus; three predominantly
rewish sororities on campus simply are not
nough to fill the needs of the number of
rewish girls who want to pledge.
However, Wednesday night Miss Shapiro
waded the question of membership. She told
he Council she had not asked the women in
he group what their religion is, and added
hat some of the founders of the sorority were
iot Jewish. She did admit that the alumnae of
he sorority were mostly Jewish.
PERHAPS this is a properly liberal attitude;
it certainly avoids any unpleasantness
rising from the 1949 regulation. Unfortunate-
y it doesn't fit in with the University situation,
vhere the vast majority of Jewish women who
>ledge, join one of the three sororities, which
ake extremely few Gentile women.
Also, there is at present no need for another
}redominantly non-Jewish sorority on campus,
f one may judge by the words of Panhel Presi-
lent Mary Tower. Miss Tower told the Council
ome houses had failed to make their quotas
luring the recent rush; in this case, another
iouse will simply make it that much harder
or all houses to make quotas. Miss Tower is
:ertainly aware of this fact; why then, did she
iot object to having another sorority?
The answer, of course, is that the group will
e predominantly Jewish, as everyone connect-
ed with its reactivation has assumed. There
may be a real need on this campus for another
predominantly Jewish sorority; last spring's
rush figures would seem to bear this out. But
if there is going to be one, let the group stand
up and say so.
Part of the reason for the evasiveness may be
the 1949 ruling, but part also must stem from
a curiously ambivalent attitude toward sorority
discrimination. On the one hand, there is the
effort to remove bias clauses, written and un-
written, as in the case of Sigma Kappa; on
the other, there is the move toward continued
segregation in the form of predominantly Jew-
ish, Negro and Gentile houses.
IT IS RIDICULOUS to seek integration in
residence halls while promoting segregation
in sororities, but this is what the Council is
doing. If integration is to be brought about in
sororities, it can best begin in those predomin-
antly Gentile houses which are unable to meet
their quotas from among Gentile women and
decide to take Jewish women in significant
numbers to do so. By doing this, these houses
would be contributing a great deal toward the
achievement of an ideal which most of the
campus professes to seek.
But integration will never come about by
admitting more predominantly Jewish houses
to the campus to take care of the overflow of
Jewish women. If integration is not as impor-
tant as getting more Jewish women into sorori-
ties, the reactivators of Phi Sigma Sigma
should admit this. There is room for argument
here.
But there is no room for shilly-shallying
about membership.
-JOHN WEICHER
dposs T l9Ti .)hS({l GTO cl PST Go:
WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND:
B Italian Reforms MarkAew Era
:: By DREW PEARSON
Cement, Cement, Cement,
ALTTEMPTS to achieve 'utter sterility in the
appearance of the University by local plan-
ners have reached a new high.
It was not so bad when the Undergraduate
Library was built - there was a real need for
the building.
It was worse but still not so bad when the
Romance Language Building, one of the few
buildings left on campus with any personality,
was torn down.
There was a reason for that too. The build-
ing was 'unsafe. And, further, there was one
redeeming feature. One would now be able
to lookthrough a broad vista of cool green liv-
ing grass to the interior of the campus, and
this would heighten the place's appearance
immeasurably.
But the designers have scored again. Instead
of the cool, green, flowing lawn, the Univer-
sity will have a hot,off-white, stagnant slab of
cement.
No doubt, the designers had some good rea-
son for the "patio." They say something about
the intersection of paths. It might even have
been more economical in the long run. Cer-
tainly, the thing will provide more space for
roller skaters.
But whatever the reasoning, it was the most
stupid mistake in a long series of artistic blun-
ders perpetrated by University planners. Any
doubters might do well to visit the law quad
or, perhaps, Michigan State University.
Unfortunately, there is little that can be
done. The thing is practically finishel1. But
students could still have the chance to voice
their opinion on the issue. All they'd have to
do is show up some morning with a few pneu-
matic hammers. There must be some force for
sanity on campus.
-RICHARD TAUB
(EDITOR'S NOTE: This is Drew
Pearson's third dispatch from Rome
in his coverage of upcoming Italian
elections.)
ROME-Two big things impress
you about Italy today. They
are:
1. The forthcoming election will
be completely free, with every
shade and segment of political
opinion not only able but required
to vote. It will be a purer demon-
stration of democracy than in
U.S. presidential elections because
only 60 per cent of Americans vote.
When you contrast this with com-
plete suppression of democracy
under Mussolini you get some idea
of Italy's tremendous political pro-
gress since the days when partisan
bandsbegan knifing Mussolini
after Salerno.
2. Italy has made more eco-
nomic progress than any other
European nation except West Ger-
many. Her gold deposits in New
York of $1,400,000,000 are now
behind only England's and Ger-
many's.
ON THE SURFACE Rome is a
bursting, bustling city, bulging
with traffic problems, even knock-
ing holes in the ancient Wall of
the Emperors to let more traffic
out on the Christopher Columbus
Highway and using the castle of
Emperor Caesar Augustus as traf-
fic police headquarters. If you
want to fix a ticket in modern
Rome you have to go the building
from which Caesar Augustus ruled
ancient Rome at the heyday of its
pomp and power.
From the depth of depression
and discouragement as I saw it
after the war, Italy has accom-
plished a modern economic mir-
acle. The American people can
take a little credit for an assist in
this recovery. But basically it goes
to the indefatigable energy and
determination of the Italian
people.
Today Italy receives no foreign
aid from the United States except
for a barter deal by which Secre-
tary Benson gets rid of some of his
surplus tobacco and cotton in ex-
change for local lire, some of
which are used for the expense of
the American Embassy in Rome.
Incidentally they also enabled
Adam Clayton Powell, Congress-
man from Harlem, to come abroad
last year and pick up enough
counterpart life at the American
embassy to rent a villa for himself
along the Adriatic at a time when
he was supposed to be voting in
Washington. The Embassy unfor-
tunately has now power to tell a
congressman how he's to spend
counterpart funds. He can spend-
them on wine, women, or lace
handkerchiefs sent to the voters
back home.
e* * *
OUTWARDLY there are ample
signs of Italian prosperity and
efficiency. Not only do the trains
live up to Mussolini's proud boast
and still run on time, but the air-
plaues also run on time and there
is a new glass and aluminum rail-
road station plus an airport that
would make Mussolini green with
envy.
Getting away from these show-
pieces of prosperity it has actually
been Italian land reform, tax re-
form, oil development and highway
improvement that have revamped
the nation'saeconomic structure.
The Christian Democrats who
have governed Italy since the war
deserve credit for these difficult
and sometimes unpopular reforms.
It was ex-Premier Antonio Segni,
himself one of the biggest land-
owners in Italy, who largely wrote
the land reform bill and wrote it
in such a way that *his own land
would suffer severely. Many of the
big estates in Italy are owned by
Christian Democrats or the Catho-
lic Church. However, the law was
passed and is being carried out-
though it will take time, partly be-
cause landless peasants, settling
on new land, require tools, houses,
seed.
* * *
LAST WEEK, driving through
southern Italy I visited some of
the new developments made pos-
sible by irrigation, reclamation and
a series of loans from the World
Bank.. Along the Mediterranean
where the Tifata Mountains drop
abruptly to the sea, the erosion
of the centuries has piled up silt
along the river beds, while the
pounding of the Mediterranean
has washed sand and silt against
the shore.
This created a mosquito-breed-
ing morass somewhat like our New
Jersey swamps which for years
was wasted. For years those who
have ruled Rome tried to drain
these swamps and put the land to
work. It began with the Spanish
Victory in 1613, continued with
the French Bourbons when they
ruled Italy, and was revived by
Mussolini.
However, it remained for the
Christian Democrats with help
from the World Bank to accom-
plish the overall reclamation of
these swamps, damming the riv-
ers, irrigating the land and putting
people back on the land.
(Copyright 1958 by Bell Syndicate, Inc.)
tic son. There are the Malcolms,
other, yet enslaved by their own
emotions. Above all, there is De-
siree, beautiful, scheming, elusive;
the former mistress of Fredrik, she
wants him again as her posses-
sion.
s s s
THE FIRST hour of the film
is impressive, however, only when
seen as an introduction to the re-
mainder of the film. All of the
characters are brought together
at a hellish weekend party, pre-
sided over by Desiree and an an-
cient courtesan who is her moth-
er. The mannered artificial world
of the manor in which the gather-
ing takes place is effectively con-
trasted with the naked, symbolic
actions of characters who are sud-
denly stripped of their masks and
illusions.
For the very few who have and
accept the gift of young love, the
night is salvation. For the others,
it is but thehectic fulfillment of
the patterns they have set for
themselves, and dawn brings not
happiness, but relieved acceptance
of the absurdities of their world.
* * *P
THE MOVIE fails to be as ef-
fective as it might for several rea-
sons. On the trivial, but irritating
level, is the fact that long pas-
sages of the Swedish dialogue
have been left untranslated which
contrilbutes to the feeling of dis-
continuity and vagueness which
the plot of the movie tends to
evoke on its own. More important,
the film seems to consciously
avoid taking itself seriously; ef-
fective comedy always prevents
the revelation of the horrors the
atmosphere postulates and im-
plies. Moments of avoided terror
increase the impression of frus-
tration and unfulfilled desire in
the film, but seem to detract from
its final coherence.
-Jean Willoughby
INTERPRETING:
Ticklish
Diplomacy
By J. M. ROBERTS
Associated Press News Analyst
THE UNITED STATES has been
engaged this week in one of the
oldest and most ticklish forms of
diplomacy-showing the flag, they
used to call it.
As developed by the British dur-
ing their heyday of empire, it
amounted to a silent anounce-
ment of political interest, a re-
minder of latent power, and a
threat.
Frequently it led to a fight, and
some British parliamentarians ar-
gued that it should never be used
unless a fight was accepted as the
possible denoument.
In more modern times, as when
Theodore Roosevelt sent the fleet
around the world with special ar-
rangements that it be seen by the
German Kaiser, showing the flag
has been more o a deterrent ef-
fort than a fighting threat.
That's what it was when Air
Force nuclear bombers flew non-
stop around the world. Indeed, it
has been a major factor in the
whole Western program of nuclear
development.
THIS WEEK. the military colors
of the United States have been
waved at four major points of
world disturbance.
Two of the displays have been
what they call routine-joint ma-
nieuvers with the British not far
from Algeria, and an even more
routine SEATO operation north of
Indonesia which was protested by
the Communists.
In the Eastern Mediterranean
naval units have moved to the
Lebanon area, and the fleet's allot-
ment of Marines enlarged. U.S.
planes have flown weapons to the
Lebanese government.
The most debatable show of
power was in the Caribbean. The
United States flew Army and Ma-
rine reinforcements to United
States bases. The avowed purpose
was to have them handy if the
Venezuelan government invited
help in protecting mob - besieged
Vice-President Nixon and his wife.
* * *
LATIN AMERICANS are partic-
ularly sensitive about any show of
United States power. They re-
member with rancor United States
Count and Countess, hating each
~ DAILY
OFFICIAL
BULLETIN
The Daily Official Bulletin is an
official publication of the Univer-
sity of Michigan for which the
Michigan Daily assumes no edito-
ial responsibility. Notices should be
before 2 p.m. the" day preceding
publication. Notices for' Sunday
sent in TYPEWRITTEN form to
Room 3519 Administration Building,
Daily due at 2:00 p.m. Friday.
FRIDAY, MAY 16;' 1958
VOL. LXVIII, NO. 163
General Notices
School of Business Administration,
Faculty meeting Fri., May 16, 3:00 p.m.
BA 164.
Oreon E. Scott Freshman Prize win-
ners who did not pick up their books
at the May 9 Convocation may obtain
them by reporting to the Dean of Men's
Office, 2011 S.A.B.
Notice: To Second Semester Fresh-
men who have applied for scholarships
in the College of Engineering for the
academic year 1958-59: Those freshmen
who have decided upon their depart-
ment of specialization, please advise
the scholarship Committee of that de-
cision by post card. The card should
be received no later than May 19, and
is to be addressed to:
Professor J. C. Drier, Chairman
Committee on Engrg. Scholarships
2028 East Engineering Building
Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Your notification will aid the Scholar-
ship Committee in selecting scholarship
holders for 1958-59.
Notice to All Students: Students who
will needtheir I.D. cardsreplaced -
either because of change of name,,
school, or address, or lost, should re-
port to the Office of the Dean of Men
on Tues., May 20 or May 27. I.D cards
will not be made after the above dates
until Sept. 15.
Summary of action taken by Stu-
dent Government Council, May 14, 1958
Approved minutes of previous meet-
ing.
Recommendation for appointment t.
Board of Directors, University Develop.
ment Council - Sue Rockne.
Approved the following appoint-
ments: Roy Lave, Board in Review;
Karol Buckner, Personnel Director;
Lynnel Marg, Office Manager; Harvey
Yates, Chairman Early Registration
Pass Committee; Allan Nachman, Merle
Becker, Lewis Spellman, Jerry smith;
Cinema Guild Chairman, Donna Wick-
ham, Sarah Rowley, Richard Atlas,
Michael Woolf, Claire Kobak; Counsel-
ing Study committee: Douglas Viel-
metti, Roger Seasonwein; Richard Erbe,
Elections Director; Robert Gunn, Stu-
dent Book Exchange Manager.
Accepted report of Reading and Dis-
cussion Committee; Rushing Evalua-
tion Committee.
Tabled further consideration of bud-
get for J-Hop until the J-Hop Commit-
tee has investigated suggestion pre-
sented, and has submitted requested
reports.
Approved reactivation of Eta Chapter
of Phi Sigma Sigma, national under-
graduate sorority.
Granted recognition: Xi Sigma Pi,
Upsilon Chapter, Forestry honor so-
ciety; Stamm Foundation; Venezuelan
Students Association.
Authorized letter to University Cal-
endaring Committee commending its
work and including comment on spe-
cific recommendations.
Recommended to the Executive Com-
mittee that "Student Government
Council, realizing the value of having
a Polish student on the University cam-
pus, endorses the provision of funds
to such student up to the amount
which SGC can afford." (Refers to
USNSA Polish Exchange program.)
Approved Activities Calendar for
1958-59.
Lectures
Prof. Kenneth Boulding, of the Econ-
omics Department, will speak on the
topic, "What is the Nature of the Re-
ligious Life?" at the coffee hour of the
Office of Religious Affairs - Fri., May
16, 4:15 p.m. Lane Hall Library.
Mathematics Lecture: Will be on Fri.,
May 16 at 3:00 p.m. in Rm. 3011 Angell
Hall. Prof. G, C. Hirsch of the Massa-
chusetts Institute of Technology will
speak on "Some Topics in Fiber Bundle
Theory."
Plays
Last Three performances "view From
the Bridge" tonight and tomorrow, 8:30
p.m. and tomorrow matinee at 2:30 p.m.
Luther Adler, noted stage star, plays
the leading role in this latest play by
Arthur Miller. Tickets for this play as
well as for the remaining plays of the
Drama Season are on sale daily at the
Mendelssohn Theatre box office. Other
plays to be presented include: "'The
Second Man," starring Vicki Cummings
and Hurd Hatfield; "Candida," starring
Nancy Kelly; "Separate Tables," star-
ring Basil Rathbone and Betty 'Field;
and "Holiday for Lovers" starring Don
Ameche.
Concerts
Student Recital: Philip Hahn will
present an organ recital in Hill Aud.
on Fri., May 16, 8:30 p.m. Mr. Hahn,
who is a student of Robert Noehren,
has included compositions by Buxte-
hude, Bach and Messiaen, on his pro-
gram. His recital is being presented in
partial fulfillment of the requirements
I'L
I"'
4
Y~
Education: Transportation Substitute
T HE UNITED STATES is caught in a curious
dilemma. All over the country radios chorus
slogans. "You auto buy now," they say "buy
something you need today." We're in a reces-
sion, we're told, because we're not spending
enough.
Conversely, the news broadcasts on the same
radios report that higher education lost ground
this year because there wasn't enough money
in state tills. The situation in Michigan is ob-
viously more crucial than in many states, but
it is probably safe to say that nowhere in the
country did higher education make tie gains
that were anticipated and needed this year.
A primary recession problem is that the pop-
ulation's demand for goods seem to be shift-
ing away from longer, flashier cars and newer
household gadgets. As a result, they're not buy-
ing the Detroit products.
Because of the complexity of economic mat-
ters, this must only be an assumption, but
in view of the increasing sales of economical
foreign cars, a slackening interest in Detroit
automobiles seems to be one of the key factors
in the current recession.
To the degree that this assumption is cor-
rect: 1),the American public is not buying be-
cause it doesn't know what to substitute for
that new car, or 2) the public can't buy what
it actually does want.
IF THE American: public doesn't know what
else to substitute, perhaps this is the time
to emphasize education, both at a personal and
'national level,
Undoubtedly, a great and growing number
of people realize. the importance of an educa-
tion. Sputniks and the increasing demand for
college graduates have combined to produce
this effect. But people are handicapped in the
educational market. They can't buy education
-the way they're accustomed to buying most
consumer goods.
How does the public pay for education now?
The typical father pays for his son's education
on a "pay-as-you-go plan" that forces him to
shell out $6,000 in four years. His monetary
troubles are often compounded by additional
or after the student is in college. Insurance
companies, who have done a good job in pro-
moting life insurance as a means of'providing
for the future might also effectively assist a
family in filling its educational needs. Second,
increased loan funds'f on any level, including
federal, would be a benefit.
There are several things that could be done
here. First is a re-education program working
toward the idea that college educations can be
financed through time with payment coming
either before college or after. Insurance com-
panies, who have done a good job with life in-
surance in making a future need seem real,
might be able to do the same job here. In-
creased use of loan funds on any level would
be a benefit.
BUT PERHAPS most beneficial' of all would
be education towards increasing public
awareness that it receives direct benefits when
it pays taxes. Taxes, in the popular mind, seem
to go for no good use at all, or at the most for
some nebulous concept of "good." But how
long, for example, does it take a student's par-
ents to pay $4,000 in taxes to the state of
Michigan? Much longer than four years, one
would guess, but that is how much the state
appropriates toward a student's four-year edu-
cation. It is true that education programs are
easier proposed than carried out, but the bene-
fits here would seem to outweigh the diffi-
culty of the task.
Governmental units, both national and local
have two distinct jobs to perform in the edu-
cational line.
The first job is along the line of helping
people to satisfy their demand for education.
This would involve establishing loan funds, for
example and would be accomplished at com-
paratively small cost to the government.
THE OTHER job of the government is to
step in where the public's perspective isn't
large enough. The teacher shortage serves as
a good example of this. The demand for teach-
ers is great, but there is an unwillingness to
back up the demand with money or other
benefits that would make teaching desirable to
""4
SGC IN REVIEW:
Point to Sorority Approval Obscured
;.
By THOMAS TURNER
Daily Staff Writer
STUbENT Government Council
failed to debate approval of
Phi Sigma Sigma on the oily
grounds on which it is an issue.
Need for a new sorority hinged
on approving of the idea of "sep-
arate but equal" facilities for Jews
and Gentiles, but no one said so.
Acting Daily Editor Richard Taub
pushed the point as far as asking
Mary Tower of Panhellenic about
unfilled quotas in the sorority sys-
tem as a whole but no further. If
he had asked which houses didn't
make their quotas it seems likely
she would have said she didn't
know. Instead, Taub asked rhetor-
ically what the need for a new
sorority was, with quotas unfilled.
Had he paused, the silence would
have been deafening.
* * *
BUT INSTEAD Taub turned to
President Pro Tem Carol Shapiro
of the sorority-to-be and asked
her if all the members were Jew-
ish. She replied that she had
never asked the girls their re-
ligion.
In approving Phi Sigma Sigma,
then, SGC relieved the strain of
one portion of the sorority sys-
tem and gave this group of girls a
place to spend their college ca-
reers together. But the cause of
integration wasn't advanced a bit.
* * *
CERTAINLY more encouraging
was the Council's action concern-
ing the National Student Asso-
ciation's exchange with Poland.
Applications of University stu-'
dents wishing to study in Poland
are being forwarded, the Univer-
sity is applying as a host insti-
tution, and the Council's execu-
tive committee is to consider in-
terim allocation of room, board,
books and travel expenses to a
Polish student if one is sent here.
* * *
DISCUSSION of the proposed
J-Hop budget, according to J-Hop
Chairman Murray Feiwell, con-
cerned points his committee had
already considered and rejected.,
Specifically, Feiwell said yester-
day, Scott Chrysler's idea on mov-
ing the dance to the League is im-
practical because the lowest of the
around a number of other ques-
tions as well: Would moving the
dance to the weekend reverse the'
' downward attendance trend?
Would making it a two-day affair
increase income beyond expendi-
ture? Would holding the dance
in the smaller League mean aban-
doning the tradition of a "big-
name band?" Would cutting the
budget make the dance more or
less likely to be successful? Would
fraternities and residence halls
be likely to want more booths
rather than less, after an unsuc-
cessful dance last February? And
on down a descending scale of in-
creasingly minute points.
What will happen next week or
the week after when Feiwell re-
ports back to the Council remains
anybody's guess, since Chrysler,
Taub and Union President Barry
Shapiro all expressed sharp dis-
agreement with the committee's
plans while only Treasurer Mort
Wise sided with them to any ex-
tent.
EXECUTIVE Vice - President
Dan Belin presented the Council