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May 08, 1958 - Image 4

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Michigan Daily, 1958-05-08

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Sixty-Eighth Year
___EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
"When Opinions Are Free UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS
Truth Will Prevail" STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. * ANN ARBOR, MICH. * Phone NO '2-3 241
Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This mus t be noted in all reprints.
THURSDAY, MAY 8, 1958 NIGHT EDITOR: BARTON HUTHWAITE

Fraternity Expansion
Deserves New Examination

THE RECENT decision by the Fraternity
Presidents Assembly not to encourage ex-
ternal exansion of the fraternity system until
it can expand further internally shows note-
worthy shortsightedness.
The group's further decision to hold off con-
sideration of further new colonies until next
fall is also lamentable.
First, a quick look at enrollment and pledg-
ing statistics shows some enlightening, if not
alarming figures. In the fall of 1952 there were
6,140 male undergraduates and during this
same academic year 842 men pledged fraterni-
ties. By last autumn the number of under-
graduate ment had risen to 8,500, yet the num-
ber of men pledged by fraternities had only
gone up to 874. Thus in the five-year period
male undergrad enrollment increased by 38%
while the number of men pledging had gone up
only 4%.
Meanwhile during these same five years, the
overall percentage of affiliated men among male
undergraduates had drQpped from 31% down
to 26%.
THE REASON for this drop, however, has not
been that not enough men were rushing
fraternities, for during most of these five years
an increase in the number of rushees occurred
over the previous year. Instead, the cause stems
from the fact that not as many men were being
pledged, and, more important, because of a rise
in the number of those depledging. The reasons
for this unfortunate state of affairs are varied,
yet one comes quickly into view.
A GLANCE at the Interfraternity Rushing
Manual shows that of the 42 social fraterni-
ties on campus, 37 of them have more members
than their present house will hold. This itself
is not too impressive, for in most fraternities
some members prefer to live outside of the
house during some time or other, and many of
Clean' Bombs Ji

the smaller houses need a few more members
than their house will hold in order to operate
on a firm financial basis. And, in many cases
the number who cannot live in the house is
relatively small.
But, in six houses there are twice as many
active members as the house will hold, while
there is no room in the house for at least 25
of the members, according to the IFC Rushing
Manual.
These figures are now unknown to the Inter-
fraternity Council. In fact, the IFC Executive
Council recommended to the FPA that the.
University's expansion make the admission of
several new colonies advisable.
The Fraternity Presidents Assembly wisely
heeded this advice several months ago when
they admitted Alpha Kappa Lambda for colon-
izing next year, but, when the executive council
recommended Tau Epsilon Phi also be allowed
to colonize, the FPA decided overwhelmingly
not to expand any further this year.
The main argument of those fraternities
opposed to any further colonization was that
many of the houses now on campus would like
a year or so more to expand internally, yet
many of the houses spearheading this action
were the very ones with chapters so large that
25 or more members could not live in their
fraternity house.
SUCH ACTION must necessarily be termed
harmful to the fraternity system in general,
as it is obviously inconsistent wiith the actual
conditions now existing. Expansion is necessary
for proper growth in the fraternity system, for
without it, all fraternities will be eventually
weakened.
With such being the case, the Fraternity
President's Assembly should reconsider their.
decision on expansion, and open the way for
more new colonies, not just in the distant fu-
ture, but very soon, if possible, this fall.
--JOHN AXE
istify Inspection

"A Cold Air Mass Seems To Have Moved In From
The East, Bringing Foge.. ."
y '"S
4~~L~4
c y
TODAY AND TOMORROW :
History Suggests Tax Action

nuclear armament of Western Germa
Britain's plans for reduction of her
military forces on the Continent,
and on economic uncertainties.
THE SOVIETS dragged a red
herring across the trail by accusing
the United States of threatening
peace with her Arctic defense
policies and found herself isolated
in the United Nations - Security
Council. She learned that differ-
ences in NATO did not prevent a
united front against Conynunist
gimmicks.
Then the United States proposed
international inspection of the
Arctic just to ease the Soviet's
professed fears. These professed
fears appeared to be insincere
when the Soviet delegate used the
veto.
The Soviets do not want a con-
ference at which they can be
maneuvered into another such
position.
From the beginning the Kremlin
has downgraded conference possi-
bilities in Western eyes by refusing
to have the German reunification'
question on the agenda.
The leaders know, however, that
any European peace based on a'
divided Germany will be a very
shaky thing.
What is boils down to is that the
Soviets want a conference if it
can be used for their advantage, or
if it can produce an unwarranted c
relaxation of tension in the West.
Otherwise not.-
Yet the odds remain that,
whether anyone really wants it or'
not, the conference idea has gone
so far that it will have to be held.

ny and NATO members in general,
DAILY.
OFFICIAL
BULLETIN
The Daily Official Bulletin is an
official publication of the Univer-
sity of Michigan for which the
Michigan Daily assumes no edi-
torial responsibility. Notices should
be sent in TYPEWRITTEN form to
Room 3519 Administration Build-
ing, before 2 p.m. the day preceding
publication. Notices for Sunday
Daily due at 2:00 p.m. Friday.
THURSDAY, MAY 8, 1958
VOL. LXVI, NO. 156
General Notices
Undergraduate Honors Convocation.
The annual Convocation recognizing
undergraduate honor students will be
held at 11 a.m. Fri., May 9 in Hill Aud.
Sir Leslie Knox Munro, Ambassador of
New Zealand to the United States and
President of the Twelfth Session of the
General Assembly of the United Na-
tions, will have for his subject "As the
United Nations Faces the Future."
Honor students will be excused from
attending their 10 o'clock classes. All
classes, with the exception of clinics
and graduate seminars, will be dis-
missed at 10:45 a.m. for the Convoca-
tion. However, seniors may be excused
from clinics and seminars.
Academic costume will be worn by
faculty members, who will robe back-
stage and proceed to their seats on
the stage. Honor students will not wear
caps and gowns. Main floor seats will
be reserved for them and for members
of their families, and will be held un-
il 10:45. Doors of the Auditorium will
be open at 10:30. The public is invited.
Late Permission: Women students
who attended the May Festival Con-
cert on Sun., May 4, had late permis-
sion until 11 :20 p.m.

INTERPRETING THE NEWS
Soviets Hesitate
AtSummit Base
By J. M. ROBERTS
Associated Press News Analyst
NATO foreign ministers are questioning whether the Kremlin really
wants a summit conference. The reason may well be that the
Kremlin doesn't know itself.
When she first suggested the meeting, the Soviet Union obviously
expected the West to agree because it could not afford to stand before
the world as passing up even the slightest opportunity.
Moscow also thought it could play on Western differences such
as how and when to suspend atomic tests, France's troubles in Algeria,

t

I

SEN. CLINTON Anderson's recent blast at the bomb can be valuable for peacetime "land-
military for "steadily stockpiling dirtier scaping," for example cutting down the moun-
bombs" adds another link to the already rusty tains around Los Angeles to aid wind flow and
chain of nuclear bomb controversy. The argu- reduce smog. The clean bomb also is far superior
ments over continuation of nuclear testing, and fqr testing purposes, since it largely ends the
"clean" versus "dirty" atomic weapons keep this danger of radioactivity contaminating the at-
issue in the news, arouse controversy and spec- mosphere. Recently, scientists have measured
ulation but fail to stimulate any action worthy the radioactivity which has fallen in the rains
of note, across the nation after the atomic tests and
Sen. Anderson said that he believes the De- found much larger, doses of radioactivity than
fense Department wants clean bombs, but the usual. A cl'ean bomb, if perfected, would enable
military doesn't. Chairman Lewis Strauss of the testing to continue with reduced danger.
Atomic Energy Commission denied flatly that
the military adds "something" to the stockpiled FROM A PRACTICAL point of view the
bombs to make ther dirtier and thus another United States should keep two kinds of
controversy was bo bombs on stock, dirty bombs for war, clean
bombs for peace. Yet the final solution to the
OTH CLEAN and dirty bombs have their moral problem of the dirty bomb is to end
Bmerits. Militarily, a dirty bomb, which con- nuclear testing and begin disarmament. Only
taminates an area with radioactivity would in this way can the moral-military dilemma be
be far superior to a clean bomb that would solved.
destroy like TNT and leaves little or no after If the United States develops the clean bomb
effects. A contaminated area is militarily a and declares positively its intention to exclu-
void, no one can occupy it for defense purposes sively use it in warfare and testing, and peace-
or rebuilding. The ethical question, should inno- time purposes, then the positive effect of the
cent thousands of civilians be sacrificed just clean bomb on world opinion justifies its use.
to win a war is brought up by the dirty bomb. This propaganda device can win allies, make
Unfortunately, the military answer to this us a moral world leader and perhaps create
question appears to be yes, for while it is moral force strong enough to keep world peace.
morally regrettable to massacre the innocent, it This is the one advantage, the decisive advan-
is military practical. Dead civilians cannot tage, of the clean over the dirty bomb, and is
aid in the war effort. great enough to hope that Strauss' answer to
The clean bomb can annihilate cities in war- the "dirt-stuffing" charges of Senator Anderson
time, also, but its area of destruction is limited are true-that bombs are taken from the stock-
because there is little or no fallout. piles only "for purposes of routine inspection,
But a clean bomb also has non-military uses. * or for modification or improvement."
The AEC has hinted that a clean hydrogen -ROBERT JUNKER
Educaion-hn'studes'

By WALTER LIPPMANN
WITH the recession more than
nine months old, the President
is still undecided about taking
stronger measures to overcome it.
EDIT-HISTORY-3-30bitS .. W
He is impressed with a few signs
that the decline has begun to slow
down, and he is, hoping that after
a while a recovery is somehow
destined to take place. That is
what seemed to happen in 1954,
and if it happened then, why not
know?
There is no proving that the
President may not be right in his
hopes. But it is quite possible that
he inay be wrong. For this reces-
sion is certainly more severe than
the recession of 1953-1954. And
moreover, the measures have not
been taken, namely a big tax cut,
which preceded the recovery of
1954. Noi are there many convinc-
ing signs that there exists the kind
of consumer demand for auto-
mobiles, houses,and other durable
goods which promoted the boom
after 1954.
If the President is wrong in
counting upon a recovery begin-
ning this summer, he is taking a
very great risk in not setting up
stronger measures before the pres-
ent session of Congress adjourns.
It will be a long time from the
midsummer of 1958 to the mid-
winter of 1959. Even supposing
that the decline is arrested this
summer, if unemployment contin-
ues at or near the present level, it
may well be profoundly depressing
to public confidence if strong
measures-that is to say, a tax cut
and the formation of a long range
spending program-have not been
taken.
The situation is one where it is
wiser to over-insure, rather than
to under-insure, the economy
against what .may be at best, as
"Business Week" puts it, "a slug-
gish, unenthusiastic recovery."
* * *
THE PRESIDENT might well
compare what he is doing today
with what was done in the reces-
sion of 1953-54. The contrast is

striking. For while the earlier re-
cession was much mi'der than is
the present . one, the remedial
measures taken were much
stronger.
It is enlightening at this point
to read a chapter, entitled "No
More 1929s" in Mr. Robert Dono-
van's authorized' book "Eisen-
hower: The Inside Story." We find
there that in the preceding reces-
sion, as in this second one, the
signs of a decline were clearly evi-
dent at the end of the summer. By
September 1953 the Cabinet had
been warned by the Administra-
tion's economic advisors that a
recession had begun. On Sept. 22,
Secretary Humphrey announced in
a speech to the American Bankers
Association that the Administra-
tion would make no effort to pre-
vent the tax reduction which, un-
der the Korean War tax legisla-
tion, were scheduled to take effect
three months later, on Dec. 31,
1953. On that date the excess
profts tax was to expire; so too
was the 10 per cent emergency in-
crease in personal income taxes,
anld there were to be some reduc-
tions in excise taxes.
All in all, at the first sign of a
recession, the taxpayers were as-
sured of a large relief to begin
within a few months. The tax re-
duction -as in +' - order of seven
and one-half billion dollars a year.
THERE are reasons for thinking
that Secretary Hoimnohrey's speech
in September was not primarily
meant to announce' a policy to
combat the recession. Then as now,
he was a firm believer in balancing
the budget at a lower rate of taxa-
tion and of expenditure. Without
relation to the recession he may
have been for the tax reduction of
1954, knowing that in the coming
Eisenhower budget there would be
a continuing cut in expenditures.
But the fact remains that Presi-
dent Eisenhower and Secretary
Humphrey did in 1953 what a
growing body of expert opinion
today would have the Administra-
tion do now. When the recession of

1953 was detected, a big tax re-
duction was announced, and this
tax relief too effect in the months
before the recession ended in June,
1954.
* * *
THE PRESIDENT might also
take a look at what happened in
the Truman recession of 1948-49.
Then, before the recession got
started, there was a tax cut. The
President should findr it entertain-
ing to recall that this tax cut was
enacted by the Republican Con-
gress and that it was passed over
the veto of Harry S. Truman. This
tax cut, plus, of course,. the big
public spending which began in
1949 under the Marshall Plan, are
almost certainly why the Truman
recession did not last very long.
Experience indicates, therefore,
that in the post-war era the re-
cessions have been short and mild
because there has been early tax
relief. Since the end of the second
World War the American economy
has faltered three times. In the
two earlier recessions, which,
proved to be mild and short, there
were tax cuts before recovery. In
the first there was also a big
spending program, the Marshall
Plan. In the second, there was a
great private spending boom, acti-
vated by the pent-up demand aftef
the austerity of the Korean War
and financed by an enormous ex-
tension of consumer credit and a
boom in capital investment.
* * *
THIS THIRD post-war recession
is plainly worse than its two prede-
cessors. But this time there is no
tax reduction. This time there is
no public spending program to
compensate for the decline in pri-
vate investment. This time there
are no signs, indeed quite the con-
trary, that there is a large pent-
up consumer demand for the dur-
able goods that are now depressed.
Is it, then, wise, is it safe, to ig-
nore our experience and to put
off from month to month the
decision to take strong measures,
hoping that something will happen
to make them unnecessary?

LETTERS
to the
EDITOR
Student Guild., .
To the Editor:
IVERTHE PAST three years a
small group of students, work-
ing quietly but persistently, has
been making major contributions
toward democratic and Christian
values, both in the University and
in the community.
This group is the Congrega-
tional-Disciples Guild. In the
spring of 1955, in the introductory
course in social psychology, I had
been dealing with interracial atti-
tudes and how they are formed
and modified. A member of the
C-D Guild asked for advice; stim-
ulated by Brotherhood Week semi-
nars at Lane Hall, members of
several religious groups had been
discussing how they might promote
democracy on campus.
I suggested discussions with
community leaders. Out of these
meetings grew plans for a Com-
munity Self-Survey of Human
'Relations, which was conducted
during 1956 under the sponsorship
of 45 Ann Arbor organizations. It
helped set the stage for appoint-
ment of the city's official Human
Relations Commission last spring.
Last fall the C-D Guild again
took up their concern, this time to
look at University policy in regard
to rooming assignments for people
not requesting a specific roommate.
Isolated cases suggested that the
University was reluctant to assign
people of different race or religion
to the same room, although the
evidence was fragmentary. The
C-D'ers felt that a study of facts
and a review of policy were needed.
After some ten weeks of careful
discussion, and consultation with
several faculty members, they
drafted a reasonable petition ask-
ing the Board of Governors for
Residence Halls to conduct such a
review.
Other notes of progress: stim-
ulated by the Self-Survey and by
the Human Relations Commission,
local churches have begun to acti-
vate Social Action or Christian
Citizenship committees. This spring
these joined hands, and are plan-
ning a concrete program to aid
the International Center in find-
ing more housing for foreign stu-
dents. Thus, three years later,
through a chain of events, the
original concern of the Lane Hall
and C-D initiators is bearing fruit.
At the same time, students from
several organizations including the
Guild have met to formulate an
Association for Social Action, - to
continue pressing toward elimina-
tion of racial or religious bias in
University practices.
gratulation.
In response the Board appointed
a committee of inquiry which has,

The following student-sponsored so-
scial events have, been approved for the
coming weekend
May 9: Adelia Cheever, Alpha Phi,
Betsy Barbour, Delta Theta Phi, Gradu-
ate Student Council, Kappa Sigma,
Martha Cook, Pi Beta Phi.
May 10: Alpha Sigma Phi, Chi Phi,
Delta Kappa Epsilon, Delta Sigma Pi,
Delta Tau Delta, Delta Theta Phi, Fred-
erick, S.Q., Geddes, Gomberg, Huber,
Kelsey, Nu Sigma Nu, Phi Delta Chi,
Phi Kappa Tau, Phi Sigma Delta, Sig-
ma Alpha Mu, Sigma Phi, Sigma Phi
Epsilon, Theta Xi, Williams, Zeta Psi.
May 11: Adelia. Cheever, Betsy Bar-
bour, Delta Theta Phi, Frederick S.Q.,
Henderson.
Coffee Hour for all interested stu-
dents, 4:30 p.m. Fri., May 9, Lane Hall
Library. Sponsored by the Office of Re-
ligious Affairs.
There will be an International Center.
Tea, sponsored by the International
Center and the International Students
Association this Thurs., May 8 from
4:30 to 6:00 p.m. at the International
Center.
Lectures
Lecture: "Research and Development
of U.S. Missile Projects." by Dr. Gilford
G. Quarles, chief scientist, U.S. Army
Ardnance Missile Command. Thurs.,
May 8. 7:30 p.m., Nat. Sci. Aud. Spon-
sored by Engineering Council. Open to
public.
University Lecture. Michael Szwarc,
State University of New York, College
of Forestry, Syracuse, will speak on
"Addition of Radicals to Unsaturated
Compounds," on Thurs., May 8, at 7:30
p.m., in Rm. 1300 of the Chemistry
Bldg.
First Annual Business Leadership
Award, sponsored by the School of
Business Administration. "The Busi-
ness of Management." Joseph M. Dodge,
chairman of the Detroit Bank and
Trust Company and recipient of the
award. Fri., May 9, 8:00 p.m., Rackham
Amphitheatre.
Astronomy D e p a r t m e n t Visitors'
Night Fri., May 9', 8:30 p.m., Rm. 2003
Angeli Hall. Miss Edith A. Muller will
speak on "Solar Observations during
the Geophysical Year." After the lee-
ture the Student Observatory on the
fifth floor of Angell Hall will be open
for inspection and for telescopic ob-
servations of Jupiter and a double star.
Children welcomed, but must be ac-
companied by adults.
Psychology Colloquium: "Psychology
in Poland: Past and Present." Prof. M.
Choynowski, Polish Academy of Sci-
ences. 4:15 p.m., Fri., May 9, Aud. B,
Angell Hall.
Economics Club: Speaker, Dr. Sudhir
Sen, Director, Programme Division
Technical Assistance Board of the
United Nations. Topic: "Integrated Re-
sources Development in India - DVO
and Its Experience." Fri., May 9, 8 p.m.
B. Conference Rm., Rackham Bldg.
Plays
Drama Season Single Plays on sale
tomorrow. Tickets for individual plays
on the 1958 Drama Season will go on
sale tomorrow 10 a.m. in Lydia Men-
delssohn Theatre box office. Season
tickets for the five week series are still
available. The complete schedule is as
follows: May 12-17, Luther Adler in "A
View from the Bridge;" May 19-24 Vicki
Cummings and Hurd Hatfield in "Sec-
ond Man;" May 26-31, Nancy Kelly in
"Candida;" June 2-7; Basil Rathbone
and Betty Field in "Separate Tables;"
June 9-14, Don Ameche in "Holiday,
for Lovers." Box office hours are 10 a.m.
to 5 p.m. daily this week.

1

i

THE ADMISSIONS COMMITTEE of Harvard
University has issued a report recognizing
that students cannot be judged by grades alone.
"We are aware that high test scores and top
class ranking in secondary schools are not
very reliable evidence of real quality, intel-
lectual or otherwise . . ." the report states.
It goes on to say that often the not-too-bright
students who are willing to conform to their
instructor's expectations make the top ,grades,
simply because they are willing to work. These
students can listen, read and memorize; they
can then spout back the professor's words to
him on exams, and that is enough.
On the other hand, there are many of the
more brilliant students who make poor grades
or even flunk out of school because they are
not willing to serve as a temporary receptacles
of second hand "knowledge." These are the
students who want to learn, not just study, and
who want to contribute, not just sit back and
listen.
SCHOOLS TODAY favor conformity. They
have scholastic molds into which the stu-
dents are supposed to fit. These molds are
drawn upon the old rigid lines which recognize

Another factor in the problem is the variety
of outside interests the above-average student
is apt to have. He is anxious to get everything
he can in or out of school, and will sacrifice a
"good grade" if he can can learn something
newer and fresher instead.
So these bright students break away from
the ordinary and go out on their own, both in
high school and then later in college. They
learn, not simply digest. If their grades suffer
as a result they lose scholastic prestige to the
ones who stick solely to the lecture halls and
homework assignments.
Harvard, a school long known for academic
superioity, recognizes these conditions. The
superiority, recognizes these conditions. The
initiative from the student who can master it:
"Passion, fire, warmth, goodness, feeling,
color, humanity, eccentric individuality - we
value these and do not want to see them give
way to meek compromise."
O/THER bCHOOLS would do well to follow
Harvard's lead. Emphasizing individuality
might aid the actual intellectual growth of stu-
dents. It is time to realize that not every "A"

UNITY CONTINUES:'
Moscow-Peiping Axis Still Turns

By The Associated Press
FOR YEARS one of the world's
great speculations has been
how long the Moscow-Peiping axis
will hold up.
A great deal of wishful thinking
has gone into attempts to show
that Chinese individualism and
Chinese national interests will
eventually scuttle the ideological
fallacies by which the two regimes
are now held together.
One factor constantly overlooked
is that, for both Moscow and Pei-
ping, ideology is merely used as a
means to practical ends.
The basic interest of both re-
gimes is in industrialization of a
great area of communism which
will serve both as a fortress for
defense and a base for expansion.
* * *
OUTER MONGOLIA is fre-
quently cited as one place where

1956, and in the aftermath of
worldwide defections from the
Communist party, Peiping loaned
its political aid.
NOW IT IS doing the same thing
in the new conflict between Mos-
cow and Belgrade. The Chinese
Reds have joined Moscow both in
the ideological attack on Yugo-
slavia and in the threat of eco-
nomic reprisals in which China's
part might be small but important
to a country which is not tied too
closely with the West.
Insaddition, Red China has just

proposed a procedure with regard
to peace for Korea which is paral-
lel to Moscow's tactics toward Ger-
many. -
Peiping offers to withdraw her
troops-the "volunteers," you re-
member - from North Korea if
United Nations troops, primarily
American, are removed from South
Korea. Then a peace conference
can be held.
Both proposals would give the
same result. Red troops on the
borders of Allied territory, Allied
troops far away.

T~I.

RECESSION QUOTES:.
Cabinet Comments

"A

NEW FIGURES showed a decline
of 78,000 in unemployment in

large-scale public works program,
I would favor a tax cut.

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