Sixty-Eighth Year
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"When Opinions Are Free
Truth Will Prevail"
Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This mus t be noted in all reprints.
UNDAY, APRIL 20, 1958 NIGHT EDITOR: ELIZABETH ERSKINE
THIS WEEK ON CAMPUS:
Senate Dies Gargoyle Dying
A SNEAK PREVIEW of summer greeted stu-
dents returning to campus from the semes-
ter's single vacation week, which for some
meant sunny southern trips and for others job-
seeking, work, or just more of the same study-
ing.
Students were quick to react, too. The early
hours on Wednesday saw the "season's" first
"panty raid" and Detroit newspapers answered
that now, "it's officially spring." The State
Legislature worked to the very end of the week
and University officials said the progress of
the Dearborn Center may be seriously delayed.
Student Government Council decided to
look further into student "drinking regula-
tions," the Residence Halls Board of Governors
set up a committee. to formulate new "policy"
on roommate placement action, and those
"wheels of justice"--in operation since Decem-
ber-finally caught up with Galens medical
society in the form of a letter of warning.
The Union Senate this week came to a sud-
den end and Gargoyle appeared to be coming
to' a similar fate. On the cultural end of the
week, an inter - departmental. symposium on
the art and cultural history of Mexico seemed
to make up for some of the week's disad-
vantages.
.* . s
HE DEMISE LAST WEEK of the newly-
formed Union Senate leaves the impression
that its creators expected perhaps too much
too soon of a new-and good-thing. Procedural
difficulties.marred the first meetings and prob-
lems of appropriate discussion topics seemed to
be present at many of them.
Yet these interruptions were certainly neither
unexpected nor unforseen. They are the obvious
problems that a beginning discussion group
must face and solve; they, must not be allowed
to overcome the group.
Rationale offered last fall for the creation
of the Union Senate was noble indeed, certainly
a motivation that should have led the group
to conquer ' its internal problems. Most im-
portant was that the Senate would give The
Student a voice, an opportunity to air his own
views on subjects that concerned him.
The working Senate, however, appeared to
be more concerned with making conicrete rec-
ommendations to other student bodies rather
than letting these recommendations, if any,
come spontaneously from the group. The strong
concern for action rather than discussion may
have been the very thing- that made the Senate
seem impossible.
But the Senate is not impossible. It has a
definite place on campus-so long as the chan-
nel for recommendation to Student Govern-
ment Council is kept open-as an area for
The Student to air his mind on whatever local
subject concerns him, to stand up and have
his own opinion be heard. It is the availability
of such opportunities that can prevent food
riots and similar disturbances.
* * *
LIKE THE UNION SENATE'S DEMISE, the
near-death of Gargoyle, the campus "hu-
mor" magazine, has been predictable and ex-
pected. A lack of interest in the magazine on
the part of the present staff and the absence of
a willingness to work on that staff's part have
led to the dropping away of writers and business
workers until, today, the Gargoyle can only
hope to put out one more issue this year-and
that one with the help of outside individuals.
In recent years, lively Gargoyle editors have
marketed six magazines a year. This year's out-
put, if the hoped-for next issue does appear, will
be half that-three. More important, there is
no one petitioning for editorial or business
- positions on next year's staff, which means that
the Board in Control of Student Publications
will not be able to continue the publication of
Gargoyle.
This is not, however, unusual. The magazine
has, through the years, experienced similar
difficulties and has had to suspend publication
over long periods until interested persons got
together to come up with new programs and
to receive the go-ahead from the Board.
Now the "field" for candidates is open again.
With no expectation of being able to appoint
a staff for next year, the Board in Control will
probably be willing to hear from students who
want to have a campus humor magazine badly
enough to work for one. Is anyone interested
in editing Gargoyle?
* * *
WEDNESDAY SAW THE BEGINNING of a
week-long Symposium on Mexican Art and
Cultural History that is showing once more
what the University can do when its various
departments work together on a single subject
or theme of some breadth, each of these de-
partments contributing its particular talents
and views to the overall program.
The Museums of Art and Anthropology, the
School of Music, the College of Architecture
and Design, and the Departments of Romance
Languages and Fine Arts have made individual
contributions to this week's series of exhibi-
tions, lectures, discussions and theatrical pre-
sentations. No less than twelve such programs
are being presented.
For the student this represents the oppor-
tunity to acquaint himself with a field of
study new to him or perhaps to intensify his.
knowledge of a subject of which he is already
aware. The bringing together of authorities,
arts and films and concentrating them in one
unified program helps the student to see the
all-important relationships of, in this case,
the arts and cultural history to the whole that
is Mexico today.
The University's summer sessions have so
far made the best use of such programs, having
covered in recent years the Negro. and Asian
Cultures and planning for the coming summer
a study of religions. Still more can be done,
however, during the academic years. Perhaps
month- or semester-long programs might- be
tried.
Possible subjects would include further "arts
and cultural history" programs directed at
individual countries, studies of particular
periods in world history (e.g., a semester-long
series of programs on the Renaissance or the
Classical Age of Greece), and even more con-
centrated attempts at searching outthe rela-
tionship of individual arts to modern culture
(e.g., the place of the motion picture in today's
world or the importance of literature in a
"progressive" civilization).
--VERNON NAHRGANG
City Editor
WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND:
Steel Moguls wait It Out
By DREW PEARSON
W ASHINGTON - Word that
comes from the oak-paneled
walls of the Duquesne Club in
Pittsburgh is that the iron and
steel moguls will not hump them-
selves to break the recession until
they know that a tax cut is around
the corner.
Under the tax laws, they can
write off any loss suffered this
year by carrying back two years
and carrying forward five years.
This will pretty well absorb this
year's loss. On the other hand, if
they get a tax cut of even two or
three per cent on the corporate
tax and five per cent on their per-
sonal income tax, it means money
in the bank for some years to
come. They know that when taxes
are reduced they are seldom in-
creased again except in time of
national emergency.
A good many months ago those
who control the iron and steel in-
dustry agreed to sit tight until
they got a tax cut. And they're
still sitting.
* * *
THIS IS just the opposite of
1956, when these same iron and
steel moguls bowed to Secretary of
the Treasury George M. Humphrey
under different circumstances. In
July, 1956, the steel mills were
struck. Labor had demanded an
increase and the steel moguls had
decided not to give it. They were
against inflation; also of the
opinion that 1956 was the time to
take a firm stand against spiraling
wage increases.
However, 1956 was also an elec-
tion year. The Republican Na-
tional Convention was to be held
in one month and George Humph-
rey, long-time power in the iron
and steel industry, and onetime
head of the biggest coal company
in the world, huddled privately
with the iron and steel industry
heads. Taking the nod from him,
they granted a healthy wage in-
crease, thep turned round and
passed more than twice the in-
crease on to the public. It cost the
Defense Department two billion
dollars extra for guns, tanks, ar-
mor plate, military hardware. It
did just the opposite to the bal-
anced budget which Secretary
Humphrey had so long tried to at-
tain.
Humphrey is out of government
now, has become head of the Na-
tional Steel Corporation. He and
Eisenhower differed drastically
over the budget toward the end.
He is not around to huddle with
the steel moguls in the Duquesne
Club in Pittsburgh.
But if Eisenhower really made
the pitch to Humphrey, together
with his potent friends and sup-
porters at the Augusta Golf Club,
it seems likely he could get the
iron and steel industry going full
blast again.
s * *
GEN. CURTIS LE MAY, crusty
cigar-chewing Vice-Chief of Staff,
has put his foot down on one way
to save defense money and at the
same time keep reserve pilots in
training.
The Air Force is now in the pro-
cess of delivering F-84-F's, fighter
bombers no longer necessary to
the United States, to our NATO
Allies abroad.
Few United States pilots on ac-
tive duty are now qualified to fly
the F-84-F, but Reserve and Na-
tional Guard pilots are. They had
plenty of combat experience with
the F-84-F in Korea and were
ready to fly these planes across
the Atlantic. National Guard and
Reserve pilots have to keep up
their flying time, and this was
considered an excellent way to
save time and money to the Air
Force.
However, General Le May step-
ped in with a veto. He didn't like
the idea of "week-end warriors"
flying planes to England,
What this means to the tax-
payers is that the Air Force will
have to freshen up active pilots to
fly the F-84-F's.
Congressman Walter Judd of
Minnesota was quizzing Gen.
Lauris Norstad, the NATO com-
mander, at a hearing on foreign
aid. "We seem to be taking some
of our best allies for granted," said
Judd. "The Chinese have a saying:
'The old man never sends flowers
to his No. 1 wife. He can count on
her. But No. 2 and 3 he is not so
sure about; so he sends them
flowers and candy'."
A backstage battle over health is
shaping up in Congress between
Eisenhower economizers and two
Democrats - Sen. Lister Hill of
Alabama and Rep. John Fogarty
,of Rhode Island.
Fogarty, onetime economizer on
health, has now blasted the White
House for the inadequacy of its
1959 budget on health as follows:
Food and Drug - Three years
ago, Oveta Culp Hobby, the na-
tion's first Health Secretary, ap-
,pointed a citizen's committee to
study the Food and Drug Adminis-
tration. It recommended tripling
food and drug funds to protect the
nation's health. So far no action.
HOSPITAL Construction-With
the White House asking for only
$75,000,000, a reduction of $46,-
000,000; Fogarty recalled a long
list of hospital construction pro-
jects totaling $1,300,000,000 which
could be started if money were
available. Fogarty wrote a strong
letter to Ike, persuaded him to
raise the 1959 money request for
hospital construction to $121,200,-
000.
Medical Research-The Admin-
istration proposed spending $7,-
000,000 less this year on grants for
medical research. Fogarty noted
that the nation today spends one
billion dollars a year on care of
the mentally ill, yet the White
House proposes to spend only $40
million next year for the National
Institute of Mental Health.
(Copyright 1958 by Bell Syndicate, Inc.)
ECONOMIC PRESCRIPTIONS a
YR's, YD's Discuss
Anti-Recession Policies
(EDITOR'S NOTE: The following two articles are the second in a series of
three discussions between spokesmen for the campus Young Republican.
and Young Democrats, dealing with current political controversies.)
Republicans: Limited Intervention . .
THERE AREN'T MANY Republicans left today who will deny that the
economy is in a slump. On this point, most everyone is agreed. The
question facing the nation and our two political parties is, what must
be done about it? The Republicans have adopted a "wait-and-see" atti-
tude. This position requires a great deal of political courage, especially
in the face of the coming congressional elections. Can this attitude be
justified?
In order to answer this question, it might be pertinent to look at
the last great depression. The battle still rages today among the various
schools of economic thought as to whether the Democrats really solved
the last depression by pump priming. We do not believe that they did,
although they may have alleviated conditions of suffering and halted
the downward spiral somewhere near the bottom.
However, stopping a depression and getting a country out of one
are two entirely different things. It is the Republican position today
that we can only pull out of a depression or slump by the utilization and
realization of the natural forces of the economy. Pump priming may
slow up a depressive trend, or even put a stop to it, but it won't improve
matters permanently. This in no small part accounts for the present
Republican position.
It will probably be June or July before we will be definitely able to
tell whether the natural forces of the economy will take hold and begin
to bring us out of the present slump. In the meantime, the Administra-
tion is taking steps to relieve locally depressed areas and to assure
continued Federal unemployment benefits to those to whom continued
state aid will soon be denied. However, the Administration is reluctant
to begin priming the pump too heavily, for if things do improve and the
economy restores itself to nearly full employment, a situation of ex-
treme inflation would soon develop. Enough jobs might be available in
the private and public domain to create a demand for workers which
our labor force could not supply. Then, this job demand would raise
wages without a corresponding sustained rise in production. The infla-
tion produced by this expedient mechanism might at some future date
create a depression that would be far worse than our present slump.
This we must studiously try to avoid.
THE REPUBLICAN position might be summarized by stating that it
would be better to tolerate a certain amount of economic suffering
now than to postpone it to some future day of reckoning for the sake
of political expediency.
We must concern ourselves not only with the individual, as the
Democrats do, but also with the totality of factors which influence the
economy. We must look behind the suffering of the individual and deal
with the multitude of factors which have produced the situation.
Viewed in this light, the Republican approach may seem more ae-
ceptable. This is a long term approach, and one which consequently
suffers criticism, because of the volatile political nature of our nation.
Yet there are definite indications that the people are now ready to
accept this temporarily more difficult long-term approach in prefer-
ence to the short term, vote-getting method. In many parts of the
country today, local communities and business leaders are encouraging
spending campaigns and other methods of combating the slump with-
out leaning heavily on the national government. This is indicative of
a strong desire to minimize government interference and control.
Here is the best possible indorsement of Republican policy, for the
people themselves have spoken out and requested the government to
intervene only after their own efforts and the natural operation of our
economy have failed. This has in the opinion of our administration
not yet occurred. Until it does we must continue the present policy of
"wait and see."
-William Lacey, '61L
For Young Republican Club
Democrats: For 'Social Democracy' .. .
BEFORE DISCUSSING what is being done about United States
economic problems by the Republican administration and the
issues we are currently facing, I would like to begin by discussing
some of the goals of the Northern liberal Democrats.
Within the context of the word "economic," we see a present
reality and goals for the future. At present we are witnessing an
economic recession in which more than five and one-half million
people are faced with unemployment and have very little hope of being
reemployed in the near future. The arguments the Republicans give
us, that "things will work out in the end" and that "no leadership is
the best leadership," do not satisfy us.
We realize the immediate and terrible damage that occurs from
economic privation. The demoralization that is found within families
and whole communities is not something which just works itself out.
Our belief is in democracy-social democracy. When a society becomes
as complex and as functionally integrated as this one, first-class
citizenship, whether it be the field of economics or in race relations,
is a necessary prerequisite of democracy. A decent living wage for the
family means more than just bare subsistence.
THE DIFFERENCE between the Conservative and Liberal views is best
demonstrated when we look at the situation in the Republican con-
trolled Legislature in Michigan and the Eisenhower "Modern Re
publican" Administration in Washington. During spring vacation, most
of the important appropriations bills came up for discussion in the
Republican-controlled House and Senate in Lansing. With a callous dis-
regard for the needs of the people, the polio vaccination program,
mental hospitals, child guidance clinics, workers compensations, and
unemployment compensation were all slashed to pieces with a careless
abandon that was frightening.
These tragic failures to accept responsibility have their counterparts
in Congress and in the White House.
The "Alice in Wonderland" approach of the Eisenhower Administra-
tion to the nation's economic growth was to apply the brakes when the
train had already slowed down. At a time when businessmen were'look-
ing at proposed Federal expenditures as an indication of how to plan
future inventories and plan nd equipment expansion, the GOP cut
back and met this challenge of the economy by: 1) the imposition of
tight credit policies, and 2) the reduction of federal budget expendi-
tures.
Positive leadership, by the very nature and structure of the Federal
Government, must come from the President. This Eisenhower has not
provided, and because of this, the major blame for this recession must
fall on him.
--Torre Bissell, '60, Chairman Democrats Club
DAI.LY OFFICIAL BULLETIN3
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Let's Talk Substantively
THEY'RE OFF and running at the summit
races again. And if the competition con-
tinues much further, the winner, in all prob-
ability, will be the country with the biggest
megaphone.
The ambassadors of Britain, the United
States and France have begun talks with Rus-
sian officials in preparation for a summit
conference of the heads of state. Unless this
meeting gives an unequivocal indication that
the Russians really want to negotiate the diffi-
culties between East and West, which is most
unlikely, we think the summit preparations
should end with the ambassadors.
Itwould be most difficult to believe that
President Eisenhower or his advisors harbor
the slightest illusion that anything will come
of a summit conference. Indeed, the Russians
have given no indication they will permit any
substantial accomplishments at such a meet-
ing. The ambassadorial talks will show how
Editorial Staff
PETER ECKSTEIN. Editor
JAMES ELSMAN JR. VERNON NAHRGANG
Editorial Director City Editor
DONNA HANSON .........,.. Personnel Director
CAROL PRINS.................. Magazine Editor
EDWARD GERULDSEN .. Associate Editorial Director
WILLIAM HANEY ......... Features Editor
ROSE PERLBERG .... .... . Activities Editor
JAMES BAAD ............ .. . Sports Editor
BRUCE BENNETT ............ Associate Sports Editor
JOHN HILLER ............Associate Sports Editor
DIANE FRASER ............. Assoc. Activities Editor
THOMAS BLUES .......... Assoc. Personnel Director
BRUCE BAILEY ......... Chief Photographer
seriously the Soviets are taking a summit con-
ference.
While the pressure of public opinion has
more or less shoved the United States into
considering a summit meeting, administration
officials have at least entered the ambassa-
dorial talks on fairly solid grounds. The United
States, in concert with Britain and France, has
insisted tl e ambassadors talk about substantive
problems to determine whether any real agree-
ments can be reached at a summit conference.
Since the Russians wanted these preliminary
talks only to lay sketchy groundwork for the
full dress performance later, the West has very
early put the Soviet Union in a difficult "show-
me" situation. For it is evident that the public,
if not openly in favor, at least tacitly approves
the idea of a summit conference. Evidently not
all of the glow of the Eisenhower magic has
worn off since the last top level fiasco in 1955.
While it would be hard to prove that the Ge-
neva conference was a failure, certainly the
eventual results were most disappointing to a
good part of the free world.
THERE IS LITTLE REASON to believe that
another summit conference, especially on
R*.sian terms, would be any more successful.
Indeed, in light of the Soviet Union's con-
siderably stronger position in the world today
as compared to 1955, the results might be even
more injurious to the West than was the case
following the first summit talks.
If this country does not enter a summit
conference with a specific agenda and almost
complete certainty of some accomplishment,
the Russians will use the talks as a propaganda
weapon, the best in some years, and probably
win an amazing victorv. Whethe the eonfer
PENTAGON STREAMLINING:
Reorganization Proposal Explained
W ASHINGTON OP) - Here is a
comparison between the way
things are now handled in the
Pentagon, and the way they would
be under President Eisenhower's
defense reorganization proposal:
1) Now: Defense Secretary co-
ordinates three separately admin-
istered military departments. Each
of the three is legally responsible
for its own administration and
operations under overall policies
decided by the government.
Plan: The Defense Secretary
would be the sole recognized ad-
ministrator at the Pentagon with
authority to assign work to the
military departments which they
would carry out under his direc-
tion.
2) Now: Defense Secretary
shares with the three service sec-
retaries the right to volunteer
opinions and recommendations to
Congress.
Plan: The Defense Secretary
would be the only Pentagon
forces after considering recom-
mendations of the Joint Chiefs.
4) Now: Defense Secretary is
specifically prohibited by law from
transferring, reassigning, abolish-
ing or consolidating combat func-
tions traditionally or legally as-
signed to the separate services.
Plan: The Secretary, after serv-
ing 30 days notice on Congress,
Comparison
PEEKING below the coverlet of
snow that still blankets their
wintry fields, Polish farmers are
convinced that a bumper crop of
winter grain is in the making.
The elements, of course, have
cooperated to make such a pros-
pect likely, but if Gomulka has not
permitted the farmers a "retreat"
from collectivism, they would
hardly have sowed their fields so
assiduously in the first place.
could order major changes in tra-
ditional service roles and missions,
short of outright abolition or
merging of the services.
5) Now: Defense Secretary par-
ticipates in, but has no specific
legal authority to establish unified
commands, such as the All-Service
Command in the Pacific now
headed by a Navy admiral.
His authority is similarly vague
with respect to the specified com-
mands, such as the Strategic Air
Command, made up of men and
units of a single service, who an-
swer to the Joint Chiefs of Staff
through their separate services.
Plan: The Secretary could, with
Presidential approval, organize or
reorganize major fighting com-
mands at home or abroad. He
would have the sole authority, with
the advice of the Joint Chiefs to
assign forces to such commands.
6) Now: Defense Secretary par-
ticipates as an administrator and
agent of the Administration in
main militalry ntienv drl. 4,,
The Daily Official Bulletin is an
official publication of the Univer-
sity of Michigan for which the
Michigan Daily assumes no edi-
torial responsibility. Notices should
be sent in TYPEWRITTEN form to
Room 3519 Administration Build-
ing, before 2 p.m. the day preceding
publication. Notices for Sunday
Daily due at 2:00 p.m. Friday.
SUNDAY, APRIL 20, 1958
VOL. LXVIII, No. 139
General Notices
rade. Band members are asked to report
to Rm. 108 in Harris Hall before Wed.,
Apr. 23, to register and receive instruc-
tions and information relative to this
performance.
Phi Beta Kappa: Initiation Banquet,
Thurs., Apr., 24, 6:30 p.m. In the Michi-
gan Union. Prof. Morris G. Bishop,
Dept. of Romance Literature, Cornell
University, will speak en "Michigan and
Cornell." Reservations should be made
with the secretary, Hazel M. Losh, Ob-
servatory, by Tues Members of other
chapters are invited.